Removing A Liquid To Form A Cellular Product Patents (Class 521/64)
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Patent number: 7432311Abstract: A “high internal phase polymeric emulsion” (“HIPPE”) composition is described which comprises an emulsion of a discrete phase (component A) and a continuous phase (component B), wherein the volume fraction of the discrete phase is the majority fraction (on a volume basis) of the total volume of the emulsion. A compatibilizer, component C, is used to lower the interfacial tension between the phases containing components A and B. A process is described for creating such HIPPE composition in which the A component is a colloidal polymer particle.Type: GrantFiled: March 18, 2005Date of Patent: October 7, 2008Assignee: The Regents of the University of CaliforniaInventors: Raffaele Mezzenga, Glenn H. Fredrickson, Edward J. Kramer
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Publication number: 20080226721Abstract: Porous bodies which are soluble or dispersible in non-aqueous media comprising a three dimensional open-cell lattice containing (a) 10 to 70% by weight of a polymeric material which is soluble in water immiscible non-aqueous media and (b) 30 to 90% by weight of a surfactant, said porous bodies having an intrusion volume as measured by mercury porosimetry of at least 3 ml/g.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 23, 2004Publication date: September 18, 2008Inventors: Andrew Ian Cooper, Alison Jayne Foster, Steven Paul Rannard, Haifei Zhang
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Publication number: 20080203609Abstract: The present invention relates to processes for hydrolyzing polyphosphoric acid in polyareneazole filaments.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 27, 2006Publication date: August 28, 2008Applicant: E.I. DuPont De Nemours and CompanyInventor: Christopher W. Newton
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Publication number: 20080203610Abstract: The present invention relates to processes for hydrolyzing polyphosphoric acid in spun multifilament yarns.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 27, 2006Publication date: August 28, 2008Inventors: Christopher William Newton, Steven R. Allen, Stephen D. Moore
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Patent number: 7393878Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for reducing monomer loss during curing of a high internal phase emulsion. The method has the steps of: forming a water-in-oil emulsion, curing the monomer component in the emulsion in a saturated steam environment, and forming a saturated polymeric foam material. The water-in-oil emulsion has an aqueous phase and an oil phase comprising a monomer component.Type: GrantFiled: March 2, 2005Date of Patent: July 1, 2008Assignee: The Procter & Gamble CompanyInventors: Thomas Allen Desmarais, Mark Lewis Agerton, Paul Martin Lipic, Daniel Joseph Valerio
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Patent number: 7384988Abstract: Method and devices for rapidly fabricating monolithic aerogels, including aerogels containing chemical sensing agents, are disclosed. The method involves providing a gel precursor solution or a pre-formed gel in a sealed vessel with the gel or gel precursor at least partially filling the internal volume of the vessel and the sealed vessel being positioned between opposed plates of a hot press; heating and applying a restraining force to the sealed vessel via the hot press plates (where the restraining force is sufficient to minimize substantial venting of the vessel); and then controllably releasing the applied restraining force under conditions effective to form the aerogel. A preferred device for practicing the method is in the form of a hot press having upper and lower press plates, and a mold positioned between the upper and lower plates. Doped aerogel monoliths and their use as chemical sensors are also described.Type: GrantFiled: August 26, 2004Date of Patent: June 10, 2008Assignee: Union CollegeInventors: Ben M. Gauthier, Ann M. Anderson, Smitesh Bakrania, Mary K. Mahony, Ronald B. Bucinell
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Patent number: 7361694Abstract: Olefin polymer-based, durable, open-cell foam compositions, structures and articles derived from same; methods for preparation of such foams; and use of the dry durable foams in various applications are disclosed. Further described is use of the foams and structures and articles made of same in absorption, filtration, insulation, cushioning and backing applications, and in particular for odor removal, hygiene and medical applications due to, among other properties, good absorption capabilities, softness and/or flexibility of the foams and their recyclable nature.Type: GrantFiled: February 28, 2005Date of Patent: April 22, 2008Assignee: Dow Global Technologies Inc.Inventors: Gary M. Strandburg, Mark W. VanSumeren, Shaofu Wu, Luther E. Stockton
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Patent number: 7361693Abstract: Low density polymeric beads made by polymerizing monomeric building blocks into large crosslinked polymer molecules in porous, spherical bead form by droplet or suspension polymerization in the presence of a porogen.Type: GrantFiled: July 18, 2005Date of Patent: April 22, 2008Assignee: Sun Drilling Products CorporationInventors: Robert L. Albright, Richard Mapp
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Publication number: 20080070999Abstract: The invention relates to polyurethane foam forming compositions which produce hydrophilicized polyurethane foams, in particular foams which are suitable as wound dressing foams. These compositions comprise (I) a polyurethane dispersion and (II) specific additives including one or more alkylpolyglycoside. The process of producing these foams comprises frothing and drying these polyurethane foam forming compositions.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 12, 2007Publication date: March 20, 2008Inventors: Michael Mager, Jan Schonberger
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Patent number: 7341775Abstract: Provided are a composition for forming film which can form a porous film excelling in dielectric constant, adhesiveness, uniformity of the film, mechanical strength and having low hygroscopicity; a porous film and a method for forming the film; and a high-performing and highly reliable semiconductor device comprising the porous film inside. More specifically, provided is a composition for forming porous film, comprising a surfactant and a solution comprising polymer obtainable by hydrolyzing and condensing, in the presence of the surfactant, one or more of alkoxysilane represented by Formula (1) and one or more of alkoxysilane represented by Formula (2): (R1)mSi(OR2)4-m??(1) R3Si(R4)n(OR5)3-n??(2) Also provided is a method for forming porous film comprising a step of applying said composition on a substrate to form film and a step of transforming the film into porous film.Type: GrantFiled: November 12, 2003Date of Patent: March 11, 2008Assignee: Matsushita Electric Industrial Co. Ltd.Inventors: Yoshitaka Hamada, Fujio Yagihashi, Hideo Nakagawa, Masaru Sasago
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Patent number: 7323527Abstract: A method for producing a macroporous acrylic resin in an aqueous suspension from a C1-C4 alkyl acrylate, an organic solvent and a crosslinker.Type: GrantFiled: June 8, 2006Date of Patent: January 29, 2008Assignee: Rohm and Haas CompanyInventors: James Charles Bohling, Roy Jeffrey Furbank, Bruce Maurice Rosenbaum
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Patent number: 7319114Abstract: Hollow polymer particles are provided to have an average particle diameter of 15 ?m or more and 500 ?m or less and a 10%-compressive strength of 1.5 MPa or more, and the hollow polymer particle includes a hollow portion in the interior. In addition, a porous ceramic filter is provided by firing a shaped material composed of a mixture in which the above-described hollow polymer particles are mixed to disperse in a ceramic composition.Type: GrantFiled: March 12, 2002Date of Patent: January 15, 2008Assignees: Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., Tokuyama Sekisui Co., Ltd.Inventors: Takahiro Ohmura, Yasushi Nakata, Yasuhiro Kawaguchi, Takahiro Yoshida
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Patent number: 7311862Abstract: A method of manufacturing a chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP) pad comprises the steps of (a) forming a layer of a polymer resin liquid solution (i.e., a polymer resin dissolved in a solvent); (b) inducing a phase separation in the layer of polymer solution to produce an interpenetrating polymeric network comprising a continuous polymer-rich phase interspersed with a continuous polymer-depleted phase in which the polymer-depleted phase constitutes about 20 to about 90 percent of the combined volume of the phases; (c) solidifying the continuous polymer-rich phase to form a porous polymer sheet; (d) removing at least a portion of the polymer-depleted phase from the porous polymer sheet; and (e) forming a CMP pad therefrom.Type: GrantFiled: November 2, 2005Date of Patent: December 25, 2007Assignee: Cabot Microelectronics CorporationInventor: Abaneshwar Prasad
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Publication number: 20070287760Abstract: A method for producing a macroporous acrylic resin in an aqueous suspension from a C1-C4 alkyl acrylate, an organic solvent and a crosslinker.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 8, 2006Publication date: December 13, 2007Inventors: James Charles Bohling, Roy Jeffrey Furbank, Bruce Maurice Rosenbaum
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Patent number: 7306754Abstract: The invention relates to a membrane that consists of a polymer or a polymer mixture. The aim of the invention is to produce membranes, especially planar membranes or hollow fiber membranes that have an as high a separation efficiency as possible while simultaneously having a high membrane efficiency. To this end, the membrane has a gas- or liquid-permeable bicontinuous foam structure with orifices in the interior whose diameters do not exceed 500 nm.Type: GrantFiled: June 15, 2001Date of Patent: December 11, 2007Assignee: Universitat TwenteInventors: Bernd Krause, Christel Mohlenkamp, Hylke Sijbesma, Heiner Strahtmann, Matthias Wessling
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Patent number: 7297722Abstract: Described is a radially multi-branched polymer represented by the following formula (I): ABi (I), which includes a central molecule (A) to which side-branches (B) are bonded in at least three positions (i?3). Also described are methods for preparing a multi-branched polymer as well as a porous insulating film including a multi-branched polymer.Type: GrantFiled: October 8, 2004Date of Patent: November 20, 2007Assignee: LG Chem, Ltd.Inventors: Jae Ho Cheong, Gwi Gwon Kang, Min Jin Ko, Jung Won Kang, Myung Sun Moon, Byung Ro Kim, Bum Gyu Choi, Dae Ho Kang, Jeong Man Son
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Publication number: 20070259979Abstract: Composites comprising organic aerogel matrix and inorganic aerogel fillers are described. The methods of manufacturing such composite aerogels are also described. Inorganic aerogels fillers are demonstrated to improve the thermal performance of organic aerogels. Composite aerogels with various organic aerogels and inorganic aerogel fillers are described.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 3, 2007Publication date: November 8, 2007Applicant: ASPEN AEROGELS, INC.Inventor: Je Kyun Lee
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Patent number: 7291653Abstract: Synthetic methods for the preparation of hydrophobic organics aerogels. One method involves the sol-gel polymerization of 1,3-dimethoxybenzene or 1,3,5-trimethoxybenzene with formaldehyde in non-aqueous solvents. Using a procedure analogous to the preparation of resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF) aerogels, this approach generates wet gels that can be dried using either supercritical solvent extraction to generate the new organic aerogels or air dried to produce an xerogel. Other methods involve the sol-gel polymerization of 1,3,5 trihydroxy benzene (phloroglucinol) or 1,3 dihydroxy benzene (resorcinol) and various aldehydes in non-aqueous solvents. These methods use a procedure analogous to the one-step base and two-step base/acid catalyzed polycondensation of phloroglucinol and formaldehyde, but the base catalyst used is triethylamine. These methods can be applied to a variety of other sol-gel precursors and solvent systems.Type: GrantFiled: August 26, 2004Date of Patent: November 6, 2007Assignee: The Regents of the University of CaliforniaInventors: Theodore F. Baumann, Joe H. Satcher, Jr., Alexander E. Gash
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Patent number: 7285578Abstract: A water-in-oil emulsion composition for forming a silicone elastomer porous material contains a liquid silicone rubber material which forms a silicone elastomer upon curing, a silicone oil material which has a surface activation function, and water.Type: GrantFiled: November 12, 2004Date of Patent: October 23, 2007Assignee: Nitto Kogyo Co., Ltd.Inventors: Naka Hirayama, Atsushi Ikeda
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Patent number: 7268169Abstract: A substantially closed-cell silicone elastomer porous body includes cells with diameters of 50 ?m or less, which occupy 50% or more of all the cells, and has a closed cell rate of 60% or more.Type: GrantFiled: November 12, 2004Date of Patent: September 11, 2007Assignee: Nitto Kogyo Co., Ltd.Inventors: Naka Hirayma, Atsushi Ikeda
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Patent number: 7220821Abstract: A process for the reduction of the residual monomer content and enhancement of the wet strength of articles formed from water absorbent crosslinked polymer foams containing units derived from monoethylenically unsaturated acids, which comprises treating the formed articles with at least 0.5% by weight of a polymer containing primary and/or secondary amino groups and having a molar mass of at least 300, the formed foam articles thus obtainable and use of the wet strength enhanced formed foam articles in hygiene articles.Type: GrantFiled: January 30, 2003Date of Patent: May 22, 2007Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Hans-Joachim Hähnle, Rüdiger Funk, Wolfgang Heider, Gunnar Schornick, Volker Frenz
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Patent number: 7211322Abstract: An oxidation resistant, microporous polyolefin web exhibiting high-strength mechanical and low electrical resistance properties is a solid matrix that includes an ultrahigh molecular weight polyolefin component and a friable precipitated silica component. The ultrahigh molecular weight polyolefin component provides high-strength mechanical properties to the web. The friable precipitated silica component is broken down into predominately discrete silica aggregates dispersed throughout the microporous web to maintain a low electrical resistance in the presence of an electrolyte. In an alternative preferred embodiment, a polyethylene web includes an antioxidant coating that is applied to the separator web following extraction of the majority of the process oils and drying of the extraction fluid from the separator pores. The resultant “sheath” of antioxidant protects the mechanical integrity of the polyethylene separator by suppressing polyethylene degradation.Type: GrantFiled: January 26, 2006Date of Patent: May 1, 2007Assignee: Entek International LLCInventor: Richard W. Pekala
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Patent number: 7211607Abstract: Nanostructured chromium(III)-oxide-based materials using sol-gel processing and a synthetic route for producing such materials are disclosed herein. Monolithic aerogels and xerogels having surface areas between 150 m2/g and 520 m2/g have been produced. The synthetic method employs the use of stable and inexpensive hydrated-chromium(III) inorganic salts and common solvents such as water, ethanol, methanol, 1-propanol, t-butanol, 2-ethoxy ethanol, and ethylene glycol, DMSO, and dimethyl formamide. The synthesis involves the dissolution of the metal salt in a solvent followed by an addition of a proton scavenger, such as an epoxide, which induces gel formation in a timely manner. Both critical point (supercritical extraction) and atmospheric (low temperature evaporation) drying may be employed to produce monolithic aerogels and xerogels, respectively.Type: GrantFiled: April 24, 2002Date of Patent: May 1, 2007Assignee: The Regents of the University of CaliforniaInventors: Alexander E. Gash, Joe Satcher, Thomas Tillotson, Lawrence Hrubesh, Randall Simpson
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Patent number: 7205338Abstract: Provided is a coating liquid for forming a porous film having desirably controlled thickness and having excellent dielectric and mechanical properties, using the conventional semiconductor process. Specifically, provided is a composition for forming a porous film comprising a condensation product and an organic solvent wherein the condensation product is obtained by hydrolysis and condensation, at presence of a basic catalyst, of one or more silane compounds represented by formula (1): R1kSi(OR2)4-k, and one or more crosslinking agents represented by formula (2): {Xj(Y)3-jSi-(L)m-}nMZ4-n. Moreover, a method for manufacturing a porous film comprising steps of applying said composition so as to form a film, drying the film and heating the dried film so as to hardent the film, and others are provided.Type: GrantFiled: March 9, 2004Date of Patent: April 17, 2007Assignees: Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.Inventors: Tsutomu Ogihara, Fujio Yagihashi, Hideo Nakagawa, Masaru Sasago
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Patent number: 7166644Abstract: A process for producing a porous polymeric structure which process comprises preparing a solution comprising a polymer which comprises vinylidene fluoride in a solvent/non-solvent mixture; holding the solution at an elevated temperature until the polymer is completely solvated; casting the solution to form a thin layer; and drying the thin layer to form a membrane. The polymer is dispersed in the non-solvent before addition of the solvent, when preparing the solution, to prevent microgel formation. The prolonged solvation at elevated temperature provides a stable solution, and enables membranes of controlled porosity to be formed.Type: GrantFiled: June 23, 2003Date of Patent: January 23, 2007Assignee: ABSL Power Solutions LtdInventors: Neville John Mattingley, Esam Kronfli
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Patent number: 7167354Abstract: A mesoporous polymer and method of preparing a mesoporous polymer whose polymerization kinetics are dependent upon pH and whose pore size is controlled by pH and solvent concentration are disclosed. The polymer is optionally pyrolyzed to form a primarily carbonaceous solid. The material has an average pore size in the mesopore range and is suitable for use in liquid-phase surface limited applications including chromatographic, sorbent, catalytic, and electrical applications.Type: GrantFiled: February 12, 2002Date of Patent: January 23, 2007Assignee: TDA Research, Inc.Inventors: Steven Dietz, Vinh The Nguyen
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Patent number: 7163965Abstract: This invention relates to a process for producing porous and composite materials comprising steps of: freezing a complex containing at least one calcium salt selected from calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, and hydroxyapatite and collagen, at least a part of which is gelatinized; and then lyophilizing the resultant. The porous and composite materials obtained by the method of the present invention have large pore diameters, high porosities, and adequate mechanical strengths and biodegradability. Thus, they are suitable for implants such as bone fillers, drug carriers for sustained-release, and the like.Type: GrantFiled: May 1, 2002Date of Patent: January 16, 2007Assignees: Japan Science and Technology Agency, National Institute for Materials Science, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and TechnologyInventors: Shinichi Sotome, Toshimasa Uemura, Junzo Tanaka, Masanori Kikuchi, Kenichi Shinomiya, Soichiro Itoh, Tetsuya Tateishi
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Patent number: 7151120Abstract: A method for preparing a highly porous, high surface area degradable or partially degradable material. The method comprises the steps of mixing a degradable or partially degradable polymer with a mixed solvent comprising a first solvent and a second solvent, wherein the mixed solvent comprises a ratio higher than 1:1, first solvent to second solvent; gelling the mixture; and treating the gel under conditions whereby a substantially solvent free porous structure is created having a porosity greater than about 80%; wherein the material is mechanically strong and has a complex porous structure with nano fibrous architecture.Type: GrantFiled: October 16, 2002Date of Patent: December 19, 2006Assignee: The Regents of the University of MichiganInventor: Peter X. Ma
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Patent number: 7148264Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of producing one or more macroporous cross-linked polymer particles, which comprises polymerization and cross-linking of divinyl ether monomers in an inert solvent, in which method the polymerization is free radical initiated. The invention also relates to particles so produced, which are useful as separation medium e.g. in RPC or, after suitable derivatization, in other chromatographic methods.Type: GrantFiled: August 9, 2004Date of Patent: December 12, 2006Assignee: GE Healthcare Bio-Sciences ABInventors: Tobias Söderman, Anders Larsson, Philippe Busson
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Patent number: 7138436Abstract: The invention discloses methods for making uncrosslinked foams by polymerizing emulsions comprising a reactive phase and a phase immiscible with the reactive phase components. Foams made from water-in-oil emulsions, including high internal phase emulsion are disclosed. The foams may be polymized with photoinitiators, thermal initiators, or redox initiators. Articles and uses for the foams are also described.Type: GrantFiled: June 13, 2001Date of Patent: November 21, 2006Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties CompanyInventors: Lian Soon Tan, Kristin LaVelle Thunhorst
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Patent number: 7078441Abstract: An organic porous material having a continuous pore structure, which comprises interconnected macropores and mesopores with a radius of 0.01 to 100 ?m in the walls of the macropores, having a total pore volume of 1 to 50 ml/g and having pore distribution curve characteristics wherein the value obtained by dividing the half-width of the pore distribution curve at the main peak by the radius at the main peak is 0.5 or less. The organic porous material is useful as an adsorbent having high physical strength and excelling in adsorption amount and adsorption speed, an ion exchanger excelling in durability against swelling and shrinkage, and a filler for chromatography exhibiting high separation capability.Type: GrantFiled: August 31, 2004Date of Patent: July 18, 2006Assignee: Organo CorporationInventors: Hiroshi Inoue, Koji Yamanaka
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Patent number: 7071241Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing porous structure having similar properties to that of the porous structure produced with conventional urethane resin solution in organic solvent and suitable for artificial leather, wherein the environmental pollution in the production process with a urethane resin solution in organic solvent and adverse effect on human health caused from remained organic solvent are solved and the problems caused from nonuniform pores produced with urethane resin emulsion are solved.Type: GrantFiled: February 8, 2001Date of Patent: July 4, 2006Assignee: Matsumoto Yushi-Seiyaku Co., Ltd.Inventor: Akira Honjo
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Patent number: 7053131Abstract: The present invention comprises compositions and methods of making high internal phase emulsion foam (HIPE) and inverse high internal phase emulsion foam (I-HIPE) using super critical fluids. Such foams may be used in a wide variety of articles such as absorbent articles.Type: GrantFiled: December 3, 2002Date of Patent: May 30, 2006Assignee: Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc.Inventors: Young C. Ko, Jeffrey D. Lindsay
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Patent number: 7022745Abstract: In forming pressure sensitive adhesive microspheres by copolymerizing a non-ionic monomer of an alkyl acrylate or alkyl methacrylate ester of a non-tertiary alcohol and an acid monomer copolymerizable with said non-ionic monomer, an electrolyte is present during the polymerization to promote formation of solid rather than hollow microspheres.Type: GrantFiled: October 15, 2002Date of Patent: April 4, 2006Assignee: Surf Chip, Inc.Inventors: Jong-Shing Guo, Augustin T. Chen, Sharon D. Trembley
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Patent number: 7008972Abstract: Golf balls and methods of making same having at least one layer including a microporous composition, wherein the microporous composition includes a polymer component and a filler component and interconnecting pores, so as to improve adhesion between layers, printability of layers, and increase the cure time of the layers and the overall golf ball.Type: GrantFiled: June 12, 2003Date of Patent: March 7, 2006Assignee: Acushnet CompanyInventors: Michael J. Sullivan, Kevin M. Harris, Lawrence Fitzgerald
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Patent number: 6984671Abstract: A method of producing an open, porous structure having an outer surface defining a shape having a bulk volume and having interconnecting openings extending throughout said volume and opening through said surface, and products resulting from the method. The method comprises preparing a viscous mixture comprising a sinterable powder dispersed in a sol of a polymer in a primary solvent, replacing the primary solvent with a secondary liquid in which the polymer is insoluble to produce a gel comprising an open polymeric network having the sinterable powder arranged therein, removing the secondary liquid from the gel; removing the polymer network, and sintering the sinterable powder to form the open, porous structure. Also disclosed are shaped, porous products resulting from methods of the invention.Type: GrantFiled: June 10, 2003Date of Patent: January 10, 2006Assignee: Phillips Plastics CorporationInventors: James R. Johnson, Michael Edward Frencl
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Patent number: 6979700Abstract: A method for preparing a highly porous, high surface area non-degradable material includes the steps of mixing a non-degradable polymer with a solvent or mixture of solvents; gelling the mixture; and treating the gel under conditions whereby a substantially solvent free porous structure is created having a porosity greater than about 80%. The resultant material is mechanically strong and has an architecture including at least one of nano fibrous, micro fibrous, non fibrous, complex porous structure with nano fibrous architecture, and mixtures thereof.Type: GrantFiled: October 16, 2002Date of Patent: December 27, 2005Assignee: The Regents of The University of MichiganInventor: Peter X. Ma
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Patent number: 6900249Abstract: A durable, conformable, absorbent, hydrophilic, polymeric latex foam composition having a free absorbent capacity of at least 5 grams of a 0.9 weight percent aqueous saline solution per gram of foam and capable of vertically wicking said aqueous saline solution to a height of greater than about 5 cm. In a preferred embodiment, after compression, the latex foam composition remains thin until wet, whereupon it expands and exhibits a high free absorbent capacity and high vertical wicking height.Type: GrantFiled: April 14, 2003Date of Patent: May 31, 2005Assignee: Dow Global Technologies Inc.Inventors: Steven W. Mork, Andrew T. Graham
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Patent number: 6897247Abstract: A high internal phase emulsion composition comprising: a) at least three components; b) component A is a polymer, monomer or mixture thereof; c) component B is a polymer; d) component C is a compatiblizer; e) substantially no voids; and wherein the volume fraction of component A represents at least about 80% by volume of the total volume of components A, B and C; and wherein the volume fraction of component B represents less than about 20% by volume of the total volume of components A, B and C; and wherein at least two phases are formed, a phase containing a majority of component A is discrete and a phase containing a majority of component B is continuous.Type: GrantFiled: August 14, 2002Date of Patent: May 24, 2005Assignee: PolyE Inc.Inventor: Glenn Fredrickson
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Patent number: 6890963Abstract: This invention relates to foams made by polymerizing high internal phase emulsions (HIPE) containing polyelectrolytes. The emulsions comprise a continuous oil phase and a co- or discontinuous aqueous phase. The resulting foams are useful as a separations medium.Type: GrantFiled: March 8, 2004Date of Patent: May 10, 2005Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties CompanyInventors: Susannah C. Clear, Ranjani V. Parthasarathy, Ravi K. Sura, Philip P. Soo
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Patent number: 6890641Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, compositions and methods are provided in which the mechanical strength and durability of a precursor material having a plurality of pores is increased by a) providing a precursor material; b) treating the precursor material to form a nanoporous aerogel, preferably by using a supercritical drying process; c) providing a blending material having a reinforcing component and a volatile component; d) combining the nanoporous aerogel and the blending material to form an amalgamation layer; and e) treating the amalgamation layer to increase the mechanical strength of the layer by a substantial amount and to ultimately form a low dielectric material that can be utilized in various applications.Type: GrantFiled: July 8, 2003Date of Patent: May 10, 2005Assignee: Honeywell International Inc.Inventors: Shyama Mukherjee, Roger Leung, Kreisler Lau
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Patent number: 6887408Abstract: Porous poly(aryl ether ketone) (PAEK) articles are prepared from PAEK/polyimide blends by selective chemical decomposition and subsequent removal of the polyimide phase. Porous PAEK articles exhibit highly interconnected pore structure and a narrow pore size distribution. The porous PAEK articles of the present invention can be utilized as a porous media for a broad range of applications, including membranes for fluid separations, such as microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, and as a sorption media.Type: GrantFiled: April 30, 2004Date of Patent: May 3, 2005Assignee: PoroGen LLCInventor: Youxin Yuan
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Patent number: 6875511Abstract: The present invention provides: a production process for a particulate water-absorbent resin with high productivity, which production process is carried out in such a manner that the particulate water-absorbent resin will contain particles with particle diameters of 150 to 850 ?m (but excluding 850 ?m) in an amount of not smaller than 75 weight % of the particulate water-absorbent resin after the pulverization step or after the pulverization step and the drying step even if the adjustment of the particle diameters is not carried out by the sieving classification procedure; a novel particulate water-absorbent resin having high properties; and a sanitary material comprising this particulate water-absorbent resin.Type: GrantFiled: May 23, 2003Date of Patent: April 5, 2005Assignee: Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd.Inventors: Yorimichi Dairoku, Yoshio Irie, Kenji Tada, Shinichi Fujino, Makoto Nagasawa
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Patent number: 6866803Abstract: A slip casting mold includes a water absorption layer having self water absorption capability and substantial water resistance. With the water saturation percentage of the water absorption layer being controlled, a slurry layer is deposited in the slip casting mold mainly under capillary attractive forces of the slip casting mold. The water absorption layer comprises an open porous body which is manufactured by stirring a mixture of an epoxy compound having at least one epoxy ring in one molecule, a hardener for reacting with the epoxy compound to harden the epoxy compound, a filler for developing self water absorption capability and mold releasability, and water into an O/W-type emulsion slurry, and casting the emulsion slurry into a mold impermeable to water, hardening the emulsion slurry in the mold while containing water.Type: GrantFiled: July 10, 2000Date of Patent: March 15, 2005Assignee: Toto Ltd.Inventors: Akio Matsumoto, Takeshi Sato, Yoshifumi Misumi, Akira Hirayama, Katsuhiro Hasebe, Yoshinori Yamashita
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Patent number: 6855743Abstract: Reinforced, laminated, impregnated, and materials with composite properties as cross linked polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel structures in bulk or cellular matrix forms that can take essentially any physical shape, or can have essentially any size, degree of porosity and surface texture. They have a wide range of physical properties, unusual and unique combinations of physical properties and unique responses to stress fields, which allows for their use in many end use applications.Type: GrantFiled: October 29, 2001Date of Patent: February 15, 2005Assignee: Nanosystems Research, Inc.Inventor: Nedeljko Vladimira Gvozdic
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Patent number: 6849665Abstract: Described is a water-absorbent composition containing from 30 to 100% by weight, based on the water-absorbent composition, of water-insoluble water-swellable hydrogels characterized by the following features: Centrifuge Retention Capacity (CRC) of at least 24 g/g, Saline Flow Conductivity (SFC) of at least 80×10?7 cm3 s/g and Free Swell Rate (FSR) of at least 0.15 g/g s and/or Vortex Time of not more than 160 s.Type: GrantFiled: December 28, 2001Date of Patent: February 1, 2005Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Volker Frenz, Norbert Herfert, Ulrich Riegel, William E. Volz, Thomas H. Majette, James Hill
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Patent number: 6846439Abstract: This invention, with the object of producing a porous polymer from a water-in-oil type high internal phase emulsion, provides a method for the production of a porous polymer comprising a step of applying a physical treatment such asshaving to the surface of a porous polymer obtained by polymerizing the emulsion. By the physical treatment, it is made possible to diminish the difference in texture between the surface part and the inner part of the porous polymer and improve efficiently the absorption property of the porous polymer.Type: GrantFiled: September 12, 2001Date of Patent: January 25, 2005Assignee: Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd.Inventors: Kenji Kadonaga, Kenji Minami
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Patent number: 6841580Abstract: An organic porous material having a continuous pore structure, which comprises interconnected macropores and mesopores with a radius of 0.01 to 100 ?m in the walls of the macropores, having a total pore volume of 1 to 50 ml/g and having pore distribution curve characteristics wherein the value obtained by dividing the half-width of the pore distribution curve at the main peak by the radius at the main peak is 0.5 or less. The organic porous material is useful as an adsorbent having high physical strength and excelling in adsorption amount and adsorption speed, an ion exchanger excelling in durability against swelling and shrinkage, and a filler for chromatography exhibiting high separation capability.Type: GrantFiled: December 3, 2002Date of Patent: January 11, 2005Assignee: Organo CorporationInventors: Hiroshi Inoue, Koji Yamanaka
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Patent number: 6828354Abstract: Hydrophilic open-celled resilient foams comprising melamine-formaldehyde resins, obtainable by (a) heating and crosslinking an aqueous solution or dispersion each containing at least a melamine-formaldehyde precondensate, an emulsifier, a blowing agent and a curing agent to form a foam, (b) then conditioning the foam at from 120 to 300° C. for from 1 to 180 minutes to remove volatiles, and (c) treating the foam during the conditioning or thereafter with at least one polymer containing primary and/or secondary amino groups and having a molar mass of not less than 300, are useful in hygiene articles to acquire, distribute and immobilize body fluids.Type: GrantFiled: March 10, 2003Date of Patent: December 7, 2004Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Hans-Joachim Hähnle, Horst Baumgartl, Norbert Herfert
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Patent number: RE38773Abstract: The present invention involves the synthesis of a series of amylose (starch) derivatives with various degrees of substitution and amylose/amylopectin ratios. These chains are chemically crosslinked and then mechanically deformed (stretched) to produce a biodegradable and mechanically superior material. Specifically, the process consists of chemically modifying starch into starch derivatives such as starch ethers, starch esters and starch carbamates. The polymers have a percentage degree of substitution of from about 35% to about 95% (degree of substitution is from about 1.05 to about 2.85) and preferably have a percentage degree of substitution of from about 65% to about 90% (degree of substitution is from about 1.95 to about 2.70). The starch derivatives are crosslinked to obtain crosslinked chains and processed into sheets, films, fibers, threads or other articles as known in the art.Type: GrantFiled: May 2, 2002Date of Patent: August 9, 2005Assignee: The University of CincinnatiInventors: James E. Mark, Brooke Zhao Peterson, Burak Eman, Ivet Bahar, Andrzej Kloczkowski