Abstract: An expandable blend of a linear olefinic polymer and a crosslinkable polymer for production of lightly crosslinked foamed polymers and a process for the preparation thereof is provided. The presence of a crosslinkable polymer component in the blend increases the melt strength of the linear olefinic component so that conventional melt processing techniques may be utilized to produce foamed polymers. Both open and closed cell foams may be produced.

Abstract: Polyorganosiloxane foams exhibiting a desirable combination of low density, an average cell size below 4 mm. and an average cell concentration greater than 4 per linear centimeter are obtained by dispensing oxygen curable mercaptoorganosiloxane compositions containing a cobaltocene catalyst, a dispersed liquid or gaseous blowing agent and, as a foam stabilizer, a resinous organosiloxane copolymer comprising trimethylsiloxy units, SiO.sub.4/2 units and specified fluorine-containing organosiloxane units. The polymer portion of the composition includes at least one polyorganosiloxane containing at least 20 mole percent of dimethylsiloxane units and an average of more than 2 mercaptoalkyl or mercaptoalkylene groups per molecule.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a fiber reinforced silicone foam is described. An aqueous silicone emulsion that cures upon drying at ambient temperature to an elastomeric film is combined with inorganic fibers having a diameter of less than 25 micrometers and a length of less than 10 mm to form a mixture. Air is dispersed through the mixture to form a stable froth. Removing the water from the stable froth yields an open-cell foam having cell walls comprising a thin layer of silicone elastomer reinforced with fibers. If electrically conductive fibers are used, the foam can be electrically conductive.

Abstract: A composition useful in producing an open-cell, elastomeric silicone foam combines a silicone oil-in-water emulsion, which forms an elastomer upon removal of the water, with an aerosol propellant. When the composition is discharged to atmospheric pressure, a froth is formed. Removing water from the froth yields an open-cell foam. The froth is stabilized by surfactants, thickeners, or froth stabilizers selected from fibers or lauryl alcohol.

Abstract: There is described a fire-guard composition, particularly a composition provided as a compound, a coating or a lining, which comprises kaolin and an organic binder, said binder being air hardenable and insoluble in water after polymerizing.

Abstract: Novel fluorine-containing polyorganosiloxanes comprise repeating units of the formula [F(CF.sub.2).sub.m (CH.sub.2).sub.n ].sub.p SiO.sub.(4-p)/2, R.sub.3 SiO.sub.1/2 and SiO.sub.4/2 where R represents a monovalent hydrocarbon radical containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, m has an average value from 1 to 20, n is 1 or 2 and p is 1, 2 or 3. The polyorganosiloxanes are particularly useful as stabilizers for foams prepared by introducing gaseous blowing agents into liquid polydimethylsiloxanes.

Abstract: An expandable blend of a linear olefinic polymer and a crosslinkable polymer for production of lightly crosslinked foamed polymers and a process for the preparation thereof is provided. The presence of a crosslinkable polymer component in the blend increases the melt strength of the linear olefinic component so that conventional melt processing techniques may be utilized to produce foamed polymers. Both open and closed cell foams may be produced.

Abstract: Polyorganosiloxane foams are obtained by blending, dispensing and curing two-part polyorganosiloxane compositions comprising a liquid hydroxyl endblocked polydimethylsiloxane, a liquid alkyl orthosilicate as the curing agent, a catalytically effective amount of a tin compound, a blowing agent and, as a foam stablilizer, a resinous organosiloxane copolymer comprising trimethylsiloxy units, SiO.sub.4/2 units and a specified class of fluorine-containing organosiloxane units.

Abstract: A soft, low-resilience, cured rubber composition is prepared by mixing(a) 100 parts by weight of a polymeric material comprising a styrene-butadiene copolymer or styrene-butadiene copolymer mixture having a styrene content of 53 to 75% by weight, and 0 to 40% by weight of the polymeric material of another rubber ingredient,(b) 30 to 300 parts by weight of a filler, and(c) 5 to 100 parts by weight of a plasticizer, adding effective amounts of a vulcanizing agent and a vulcanizing accelerator to the mixture, and then heat curing the mixture. A similar composition further containing a foaming agent may be heat cured into a low-resilience rubber foam. Rubber and foamed rubber compositions have improved vibration-attenuating and shock-absorbing properties.

Abstract: A foamable thermoplastic composition comprising in admixture (a) a polycarbonate resin, alone, or with (b) a polyester, (c) a minor amount of a foaming agent and (d) a minor amount of an inorganic non-fibrous particulate nucleating agent, alone, or with a particulate organic polymeric material, wherein (d) has an aspect ratio of about 1 and a small particle size.

Abstract: An intumescent curable composition has as its principal constituents an epoxy resin; a curing agent; and an additive component which is composed of a mixture of materials which provide a source of phosphorus, zinc, boron and an expansion gas. The aforesaid composition is capable of forming a carbonaceous char upon exposure to heat or flame.

Abstract: Moisture curable, foamable compositions that do not flow appreciably in the uncured state when applied on a vertical surface comprise an RTV elastomeric composition, a liquified blowing agent and finely divided silica in combination with either small diameter glass, metal or graphite fibers or carbon black. The RTV elastomeric composition comprises (1) at least one hydroxyl endblocked diorganosiloxane homopolymer or graft copolymer, and (2) an effective amount of a moisture reactive crosslinker for the hydroxyl endblocked polymer.

Abstract: Unit soles having a smooth, dull appearance are molded from a polymeric composition comprising a radial (AB)--.sub.x BA monoalkenyl arene/conjugated diene block copolymers, syndiotactic-1,2-polybutadiene a polystyrene resin, a hydrocarbon extending oil, a blowing agent and a filler.

Abstract: A mixture of crumb rubber, binder, such as polyethylene, and slip contact agent, such as talc, and lubricant, such as a metal stearate, is formed in a blender (10), is shaped into pellets (32) by extruding a strand of the mixture (26) into water (28) and breaking the strand into pellets. The pellets (32) are adjusted to a preselected water content in drier (46) before storage in closed bags (50), stored and reinforced in a container (54).The controlled water content pellets (32) are formed into porous pipe (88) by extrusion in pipe extruder (62) having the feeding, transition and metering zones separately heated to temperatures from 320.degree. F. to 400.degree. F. (T.sub.1, T.sub.2, T.sub.3). The die has a separate jacket (90) receiving heat exchange fluid for heating the die (68) to a temperature from 290.degree. F. to 380.degree. F. to form a porous pipe (88) having more uniform porosity. Porosity is controlled by selecting water content of the pellets and controlling die temperature.

Abstract: This invention relates to solutions of silanols prepared by hydrolysis of alkyltrialkoxysilanes whose alkoxy groups are partially or completely hydrolyzed.Preferred hydrolyzed alkyltrialkoxysilanes are of the formula CH.sub.3 --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --Si(OH).sub.n (OH').sub.3-n.

Abstract: A process for producing a resin foam by using an aqueous medium, which comprises(a) treating a resin compound with said aqueous medium to cause the aqueous medium to adhere to and be held by the resin compound, said resin compound being composed of porous agglomerated particles resulting from partial melt-adhesion of thermoplastic resin particles coated with a fine hydrophilic solid powder which does not substantially melt at the melting temperature of the resin particles, said solid powder being embedded in the resin particles but partly exposed at their surfaces,(b) melt-kneading the resin compound treated with the aqueous medium under such an elevated pressure that evaporation of the aqueous medium is substantially inhibited, and(c) thereafter releasing the kneaded resin composition from the pressurized state to foam it; and a thermoplastic resin compound used for the aforesaid process.

Abstract: Process and composition for single step production of foam by utilizing a blowing agent, organic peroxide cross linking agent and a silicone block copolymer.

Abstract: A composition suitable for open-cell polyolefin foam which comprises 100 parts by weight of olefin resin, 1 to 20 parts by weight of blowing agent, 0.3 to 10 parts by weight of organic peroxide crosslinking agent, 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of trifunctional monomer, and 1 to 5 parts by weight of silicone oil or a derivative thereof.

Abstract: A cellular thermoset polymer comprised of polymerized units of dicyclopentadiene monomer, wherein the cells of said cellular polymer are small and uniform.

Abstract: The flowability of foamable compositions comprising a hydroxyl-containing polyorganosiloxane, a polyorganosiloxane containing silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms, a platinum catalyst and a catalyst inhibitor is eliminated by including in the composition a solid filler exhibiting a mean particle size of one micron or less and either (1) organosilicon compound containing at least 0.5% by weight of carboxyl groups or silicon-bonded hydroxyalkyl groups, or (2) a partially esterified polyfunctional alcohol. In addition, the pot life of the composition is increased without adversely affecting the structure of the cured foam or the adhesion of the foam to various substrates.

Abstract: A novel polymer is provided as the condensation reaction product of a non-aqueous mixture of a phenol and an aldehyde in a molar ratio of about 0.5 to 1 phenol to aldehyde, containing refractory fibers, such as carbon, graphite, silica, having an aspect and metal oxides and silicates, which fibers have an aspect ratio of about 10. The phenol is selected from metacresol, orthocresol, 3,5-dimethylphenol, resorcinol and substituted resorcinols, the preferred material being mostly resorcinol. The aldehyde is selected from furfural and mixtures of furfural and paraformaldehyde. The condensation polymerization reaction can be effected by adding an acid catalyst to the mixture or by employing a curing agent which provided a polyfunctional amine reactive with either or both the aldehyde and the phenol.

Abstract: Flexible foam composition comprising a flexible polyester resin prepared from a resin having an elongation of 8 to 70 percent, said foams having density of 2 to 50 pounds per cubic foot. The foam can be filled with up to 150 parts by weight of inorganic materials and can be reinforced with porous fabric (paper or cloth) or glass (chopped fiber or woven tape) materials.

Abstract: Inorganic-organic foams are obtained by foaming a mixture of(a) a 5 to 60% by weight aqueous alkali metal silicate or ammonium silicate solution,(b) a sufficient amount of a conventional hardener for aqueous silicate solutions,(c) a polymer of (meth)acrylic acid or a copolymer of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid or of (meth)acrylic acid and a copolymerizable monomer containing ethylinic double bonds, the polymer and copolymer being soluble in the aqueous silicate solution, some or all the carboxyl groups of the polymer or copolymer, where relevant, being neutralized by a base and the amount of polymer or copolymer being 0.1 to 30 parts per 100 parts of SiO.sub.2 contained in the aqueous silicate solution,(d) a blowing agent,(e) a surfactant having a foaming action and, where relevant,(f) gelling agent for solidifying the foam before hardening and/or conventional fillers, and allowing the foam to harden.The foams can be used as insulating materials in the construction industry.

Abstract: Process for obtaining cellular materials, based on unsaturated polyester in optionally containing reinforcing and/or inert fillers, having a density between 0.2 and 1.0 kg/l by moulding under pressure a liquid foam of said resins, characterized by the fact that the liquid foam based on unsaturated polyester resins containing conventional additives, optionally containing an inert and/or reinforcing charge of mineral or organic fibers having a length which is less than 5 mm, preferably less than 3 mm and more preferably less than 1.5 mm, obtained by mechanical introduction of a gas and/or by means of a chemical and/or physical foaming agent, is firstly introduced into an open half-mould optionally containing a further fiber reinforcement, by casting an amount higher than the free volume of the mould, and subsequently said foam is cross-linked.

Abstract: Alkali metal polyester silicate resinous products are produced by mixing a polyhydroxy organic compound, an alkali metal silicate and a polycarboxylic acid, then heating the mixture to a temperature between the melting point of the polycarboxylic acid and the boiling temperature of the polyol while agitating until the reaction is complete.

Abstract: Fine-celled foams are produced by a process in which a styrene polymer is melted, the melt is mixed with a volatile blowing agent and a nucleating agent under superatmospheric pressure, the mixture is let down to atmospheric pressure, and the foam is cooled. The nucleating agent employed comprises from 0.02 to 2% by weight of the calcium salt of a long-chain fatty acid, and from 0.01 to 1% by weight of a finely divided, inorganic substance which is insoluble in the styrene polymer, a mixture of calcium stearate and magnesium oxide being preferred.

Abstract: A process for making a lightweight structural member or insulating coating uses an initial mixture of hydrated lime, a dispersible additive, rock wool and, optionally an aggregate. This mixture has added to it water, and the water/solids mixture is agitated at high speed to produce a castable slurry having 60-80 volume percent air bubbles. The mixing is desirably conducted in a mixer having a cylindrical chamber and using paddles which rotate about their own axis and wherein there is movement of the chamber wall relative thereto, and the blades desirably scrape the chamber wall during such relative rotation.

Abstract: This invention provides a method of continuously manufacturing a cross-linked polyvinyl chloride resin foam sheet which has a low density, uniformly fine cell, excellent thermal moldability and high heat resistance and is neither deformed nor deteriorated even by long storage characterized by uniformly kneading the polyvinyl chloride resin with a blowing agent, stabilizer, plasticizer and cross-linking promoter without causing the blowing agent to decompose itself, thereby providing an unfoamed kneaded composition in which the polyvinyl chloride resin is gelled and forming said composition into a continuing sheet, irradiating said sheet with ionizing radiation to cross-link the resin; and thermally foaming the cross-linked sheet.

Abstract: A method of making light weight flame resistant structures from bonded polyimide macroballoons and products thereof. An aromatic tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride is reacted with an oxoimine to produce an N-substituted imide, which is then esterfied with a suitable alcohol. The resulting liquid is dried and the dry residue is reduced to a uniform powder having particles with diameters generally in the 0.5 to 10 mm. range. The powder is preferably further dried, either before or after final size reduction, in a moderate vacuum at moderate temperature to remove any excess residual alcohol. The powder spontaneously expands to form a closed cell foam when heated to a temperature in the range of about 90.degree. to 150.degree. C. for a suitable period. When the powder is expanded in a closed mold, a well consolidated, uniform, closed cell foam product results. The closed cell foam produced has excellent flexibility and resistance to heat and flame, and does not shrink appreciably when exposed to flame.

Abstract: A composition suitable for open-cell polyolefin foam which comprises 100 parts by weight of olefin resin, 1 to 20 parts by weight of blowing agent, 0.3 to 10 parts by weight of organic peroxide crosslinking agent, 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of trifunctional monomer, and 1 to 5 parts by weight of silicone oil or a derivative thereof.

Abstract: An improvement in a process for the production of polyurethane foam is disclosed, in which a first component is admixed and reacted with a second component and in which the first component has a viscosity at least two times the viscosity of the second component, thereby resulting in a nonuniform distribution of the cells of the foam. The improvement comprises admixing the second component with 1-5%, by weight, of the second component, of fumed silica prior to admixing the first and second components. The amount of fumed silica is controlled so that the polyurethane foam subsequently obtained has a substantially uniform distribution of cells. A process for the production of a foamed thermoplastic structure is also disclosed in which at least part of the normally liquid chlorofluorocarbon blowing agent is added as a composition comprising an admixture of 5-99%, by weight, of fumed silica and 1-95%, by weight, of a normally liquid chlorofluorocarbon adsorbed thereon.

Abstract: Alkali metal borohydride concentrates are prepared by dry blending alkali metal borohydride powder with a dry non-reactive plastic resin, melting and extruding the blended mixture to form an encapsulated alkali metal borohydride concentrate, and then chopping the extrusion into pellets. The pellet concentrate may then be blended into other materials.

Abstract: A process of producing a fibre-reinforced shaped article comprising extruding a composition comprising a settable fluid as a carrier for fibres at least 5 mm in length through a die so that relaxation of the fibres causes the extrudate to expand to form an open fibrous structure with randomly dispersed fibres as the extrudate leaves the die characterized in that the porous extrudate is compressed while the carrier is in a fluid condition into a shaped article. The process enables moulded articles to be formed having a random distribution of fibres the majority of which are at least 5 mm long.

Abstract: Alkali metal borohydride concentrates are prepared by dry blending alkali metal borohydride power with a dry non-reactive plastic resin, melting and extruding the blended mixture to form an encapsulated alkali metal borohydride concentrate, and then chopping the extrusion into pellets. The pellet concentrate may then be blended into other materials.

Abstract: Alkali metal borohydride concentrates are prepared by dry blending alkali metal borohydride powder with a dry non-reactive plastic resin, melting and extruding the blended mixture to form an encapsulated alkali metal borohydride concentrate, and then chopping the extrusion into pellets. The pellet concentrate may then be blended into other materials.

Abstract: A filament of a thermoplastic synthetic polymer having a plurality of adjacent, separate discontinuous cavities is made by a process wherein a silicone oil and an inert gas or gas-forming substance are dispersed in a polymer melt, and the melt is extruded into a filament. The melt contains up to and including 1% by weight of the silicone oil, based on the weight of the melt, at the time it is extruded and up to and including 10% by weight of an inert gas.

Abstract: There is disclosed a compositon forming an elastic foam at normal temperature essentially comprising(A) polydiorganosiloxane end-blocked by silanol group and a viscosity within the range between 500 and 200,000 cSt at 25.degree. C.,(B) an aminoxy group-containing organosilicon compound having more than two silicon-bonded organoaminoxy groups on the average in one molecule,(C) a silicon-hydrogen bond containing polyorganosiloxane having more than two silicon-hydrogen bonds on the average in one molecule, with the proportion of said silicon-hydrogen bonds being 10% or more of the number of silicon atoms,(D) fumed silica,(E) an isocyanato group-containing organic compound, and optionally(F) a polyhydric alcohol having two or more alcoholic hydroxyl groups bonded to primary carbon atoms and/or two or more alcoholic hydroxyl groups bonded to secondary carbon atoms in one molecule.

Abstract: High density structural ("blocking") materials composed of a polyimide filled with glass microballoons. Structural components such as panels which have integral edgings and/or other parts made of the high density materials.

Abstract: This invention relates to solutions of silanols prepared by hydrolysis of alkyltrialkoxysilanes whose alkoxy groups are partially or completely hydrolyzed.Preferred hydrolyzed alkyltrialkoxysilanes are of the formula CH.sub.3 --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --Si(OH).sub.n (OH').sub.3-n.

Abstract: Polyester amide silicate resinous products are produced by heating a mixture of an oxidated silicon compound, polyhydroxy compound, a polycarboxylic acid and/or polycarboxylic acid anhydride and a polyamine in the presence of an alkali catalyst.

Abstract: Various surfaces are polished by buffing with compositions comprising a foamed polymeric material and a finely divided abrasive material. The abrasive material has a particle size number and a valley abrasion number the product of which falls within a predetermined range sufficient to provide good polishing upon buffing. Such compositions can be fashioned into articles of manufacture which are capable of buffing various surfaces.

Abstract: A pourable roofing composition composed of chopped discrete small chunks or pieces of closed cell plastics material, such as polystyrene, polyurethane, and the like; inexpensive granular or powder particles of fly ash or the like inert particulate material which will hold down the light cellular plastic pieces; and an emulsion caulking or sealing type binder or adhesive capable of setting under atmospheric conditions to seal the composition into an all weather resisting waterproof layer. Suitable binders or adhesives are liquid based emulsions of acetates, acrylic resins, epoxy adhesives, and the like. The composition is flowable, can be premixed remote from the building or use site, can be transported to the site in a concrete mixer type truck, and can thereafter be spread over a roof base and screed to the desired contour and level. After an initial set, an overcoat of a sealer such as an acrylic resin-type sealer can be applied.

Abstract: Masterbatches useful for lightweight polyamide molding or extrusion comprise polyamide, a pore-forming agent and a fusible binder that is compatible with the polyamide. Admixture of the masterbatch and granular polyamide polymer results in a polyamide composition which can be molded or extruded into a product having increased homogeneity and expansion uniformity.

Abstract: The invention relates to the production of foam composites which are thermally insulating and light and therefore suitable for use as e.g. ceiling tiles, wall tiles and brick insulation.The aim of the invention is to produce a light, strong composite as cheaply as possible. The method comprises reacting, in the presence of water and poly(vinyl alcohol), hollow silica spheres with a water-soluble organic polyacid and then allowing or causing the resulting composite to set.

Abstract: The subject of the invention is a new thermoplastic constructional-and-insulating building material based upon fly-ashes being a waste material at combusting coal.It is composed of fly-ashes in amount of 50-80% by weight, organic porofores, for instance in form of azodicarbamide, in amount of 0.05-5% by weight, or of playing the part of porofores sawdust or wood chips having the moisture content of about 50%, in amount of 10-30% by weight, and of polypropylene in amount of 8-40% by weight.Said material shows a porous structure with sealed pores. It is featured by high mechanical strength, abrasion resistance and non-absorptivity. Thereof insulating wall and floor linings can be manufactured, as well as roofing for the agricultural and industrial building and for housing.The use of said material causes a utilization of industrial wastes lying on dumps around power plants and sawmills contributing thus to a significant reduction of pollution of the natural environment.

Abstract: Additive of the cellular plastic type, method for manufacturing the additive and use of the additive. The additive is intended to be mixed with a hardening or air-drying component, preferably, liquid paint. The additive of this invention is characterized in that a mixture of closed cellular plastic particles, disintegrated foamed urea formaldehyde resin and chopped fiberglass filaments or strands from part of the additive.

Abstract: Polyolefin foam having small, uniform cell size is prepared (1) by mixing a polyolefin resin with (a) a volatile organic blowing agent and (b) from about 0.1 to about 5 weight percent, based upon the polyolefin resin weight, of a cell control agent (e.g., such as amorphous silica having a pH of from 3.5 to 4.5), said cell control agent being in the form of nonporous microspheres having an average particle size of from about 5 to about 100 m.mu. and (2) by thereafter extrusion-expanding the resultant mixture.

Abstract: Rubber-modified copolymers of monovinyl aromatic monomers and ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid monomers are blended with water as a blowing agent, bromodiphenylethers as fire retardants, and metal oxides as synergist for the ethers to form a composition which can be foamed to densities of between 1 and 10 pounds per cubic foot, said foam composition having fire-retardant properties.

Abstract: The sliding layer of the element is constituted by a base resin which is self-lubricating or is rendered physically and/or chemically self-lubricating by the addition of a self-lubricating substance, particularly a self-lubricating resin, e.g. a silicone resin, a polyvinylidene fluoride resin, a furan resin. Additional substances are incorporated for rendering the base resin compressible, shock-resistant, electrically antistatic or mechanically reinforced.

Abstract: A foamable thermoplastic injection moldable composition comprising in admixture (a) a polyester resin, (b) a filler selected from the group consisting of fibrous glass or a mineral or mixtures thereof in an amount of from about 5 to about 50 weight percent and (c) a minor amount of a foaming agent. The compositions can also include flame retardant additives.