Abstract: A non-asbestos friction material made by molding and curing a composition comprised of a fibrous base, a binder, and a filler has a 100 Hz vibration damping factor (tan &dgr;) at 300° C. minus tan &dgr; at 50° C. value of at least −0.030. The binder may be a rubber-modified high-ortho phenolic resin, a resin mixture of a rubber-modified high-ortho phenolic resin and a rubber-modified phenolic resin, or a resin mixture of two or more rubber-modified phenolic resins. The friction material has an excellent and long-lasting noise performance, and good wear resistance, functional stability, and fade resistance. The rapid curability of the composition enables a short molding cycle.

Abstract: This invention provides a non-asbestos friction material excellent not only in performance at the time of braking under high loading at high temperatures but also in performance at the time of braking under low loading at low temperatures even if lead sulfide is not used in the filler. In the non-asbestos type friction material comprising a non-asbestos fiber base material, a filler and a binder, the filler comprises spherical bronze powder and artificial graphite and is free of lead sulfide.

Abstract: A brake pad lining composition is provided that includes a friction modifier for adjusting a coefficient of friction of the brake pad lining and a strengthener for providing structural integrity. The composition also includes a fly ash filler for increasing the volume of the brake pad lining. A binder, such as phenolic resin, holds the friction modifier, the strengthener, and the filler together. By utilizing fly ash as a filler, the cost of the brake pad may be significantly reduced. Design of the brake pad lining may be simplified and the filler used more effectively by achieving a desired ratio of fly ash and binder, and then adding the friction modifier and strengthener to systematically adjust the brake lining properties.

Abstract: A friction material comprising a fibrous reinforcement, a friction modifier and a binder, characterized by being free from asbestos fiber and containing, as the organic fibrous reinforcement, a mixture of a dry aramid pulp with at least one member selected from the group consisting of a wet aramid pulp, a woodpulp and an acrylic pulp.

Abstract: A friction material exhibiting a great coefficient of friction, as compared to that of the conventional friction material, which is produced with the use of an organic paper-like substrate. The friction material is composed of the paper-like substrate of a fibrous material, and an inorganic binder with which said substrate is impregnated. When friction is produced, the inorganic binder exhibits friction characteristics so that a great coefficient of friction can be effected, as compared to the cases organic binders such as phenol resin are used.

Abstract: A non-asbestos friction material made by molding and curing a composition comprised of a fibrous base, a binder, and a filler has a 100 Hz vibration damping factor (tan &dgr;) at 300° C. minus tan &dgr; at 50° C. value of at least −0.030. The binder may be a rubber-modified high-ortho phenolic resin, a resin mixture of a rubber-modified high-ortho phenolic resin and a rubber-modified phenolic resin, or a resin mixture of two or more rubber-modified phenolic resins. The friction material has an excellent and long-lasting noise performance, and good wear resistance, functional stability, and fade resistance. The rapid curability of the composition enables a short molding cycle.

Abstract: The invention proposes a device using friction in a liquid medium having a support, notably metallic, on which an interface surface forms a support for a friction lining, with a flat annular shape overall, produced from a friction material which has a porous structure with communicating cells and which has areas (M1, M2, M3) with different controlled porosities. The method of manufacturing the friction lining including a step of moulding under pressure, whilst the interface surface of the support has at least one groove in which there extends the friction material moulded under pressure in order to constitute an area of controlled porosity (M1, M2) greater than the mean porosity (M2, M3) of the body made from friction material constituting the lining.

Abstract: A non-asbestos friction material is disclosed, which comprises a non-asbestos fibrous reinforcement, a thermosetting resin binder, and a filler as the main components, wherein the fibrous reinforcement is a combination of plural kinds of non-asbestos fibers and contains sepiolite fibers, cellulose fibers, and an acryl pulp as the fibrous reinforcement. The friction material of the present invention is excellent in fade characteristics, stability of effectiveness, etc., and low in cost.

Abstract: A friction element is made out of a composite material comprising carbon fiber reinforcement and a matrix which, at least in the vicinity of the or each friction face, comprises: a first phase in the vicinity of the reinforcing fibers and containing pyrolytic carbon obtained by chemical vapor infiltration; a refractory second phase of carbon or ceramic obtained at least in part by pyrolysis of a liquid precursor; and a silicon carbide phase obtained by siliciding, for example. At least in the vicinity of the or each friction face, the composite material is preferably constituted, by volume, at least as follows: 15% to 35% carbon fibers; 10% to 55% first matrix phase containing pyrolytic carbon; 2% to 30% second matrix phase of refractory material; and 10% to 35% silicon carbide. The invention is applicable in particular to braking for rail or road vehicles.

Abstract: A friction-type member, which is suited, in particular, as a brake pad for a brake member of fiber-reinforced ceramic, and a method for manufacturing such a brake pad. A mixture is initially prepared from at least carbon particles and metal particles, if indicated, with the addition of polymer binding agents suited for pyrolysis; of hard material particles, such as silicon carbide or titanium carbide as abradants; and of solid lubricants, such as molybdenum sulphide or graphite, and subsequently cold-pressed into green compacts. Sintering is then carried out under vacuum or protective atmosphere, the organic binding agent concentrations initially being pyrolized, and the metal particles being at least partially bonded by reaction to carbon. The friction pads manufactured in this manner exhibit considerable mechanical strength, good frictional properties, as well as a high thermal loading capacity accompanied by a low rate of wear.

Abstract: A friction material comprising a filler, a binder, and a lubricant, wherein a part or the whole of the filler is constituted by molybdenum trioxide. Not only is the friction material improved in anti-cracking property and anti-fading property under high-temperature and high-load conditions, but the friction material can be prevented from deterioration due to ashing.

Abstract: In a friction material composition containing a fiber base, and a binder, a novolak type phenolic resin having a mean molecular weight of from 3500 to 5000 is used as the binder.

Abstract: The instant invention provides a non-asbestos friction material and method of making therefor having from about 2 to 20 wt % of carbonaceous fibers. The remainder of the friction material is an auxiliary material and a thermosetting resin. The carbonaceous fibers are derived from oxidized polyacrylonitrile based fibers. The wt % of bond carbon in the carbonaceous fibers is about 65 to 80.

Abstract: Particles of titanium compounds each containing crystals of at least two kinds of alkaline earth metal titanate compounds of the perovskite type represented by RTiO.sub.3 wherein R is an alkaline earth metal which crystals are joined together or joined to crystals of TiO.sub.2. The friction material having added thereinto the powder of such particles of titanium compounds shows a high coefficient of friction and a low abrasive property to adjoining materials.

Abstract: A method for making a dry blend for use in the preparation of a friction material, a dry blend per se and dry friction materials is disclosed wherein the components thereof include a) fibrillated, organic, synthetic polymer, b) organic, synthetic polymer staple and c) organic, synthetic soluble polymer particles.

Abstract: This invention provides: (1) a hinder composition for friction materials, characterized in that it comprises a thermosetting resin and a specific organic silicon compound having phenyl groups, and (2) a friction material having as a binder composition shown in the above item (1). When used for manufacturing friction materials in the brakes and clutches for various kinds of vehicles such as automobiles, it can remarkably improve the facing and abrasion resistances of the friction material.

Abstract: A non-asbestos friction material containing a reinforcing fiber other than asbestos, organic fillers, friction adjusting ingredients, and a thermosetting resin for binding the reinforcing fiber, the organic fillers and the friction adjusting ingredients together. The friction adjusting ingredients contain magnesia in the form of aggregated particles which are an aggregate of minute particles. The use of magnesia in the form of aggregated particles reduces low-frequency noise and squeak while keeping the attack on the mating member low and keeping high the resistance to fading and the coefficient of friction.

Abstract: A friction material comprises: a thermosetting resin binder; an organic fiber; a non-asbestos inorganic fiber; a filler; and an organic resin coating formed on a scorched surface of the friction material.

Abstract: Composition and process for the preparation of high temperature stable continuous glass fibers with an upper temperature use limit of 2300.degree. F. are provided. The compositional formulation, in mole percent, is 62-85% SiO.sub.2, 10-20% Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, 5-15% MgO, 0.5-5% TiO.sub.x, and 0-5% ZrO.sub.2. The continuous fibers are prepared by an economical direct melt method, and demonstrate high tensile strength, high Young's modulus, and low linear thermal shrinkage characteristics. Friction pads containing these high temperature stable continuous glass fibers are also provided.

Abstract: Opened-celled porous plastics or natural products are made flame retardant by coating the cell walls with a liquid containing carbonization auxiliaries and/or flame retardant agents. The excess liquid is removed and the mass is dried. The open-celled porous mass now has good fire characteristics. The carbonization auxiliaries and/or flame retardant agents may also be used in the production of the open-celled porous organic masses. These flame retardant porous masses may be used in furniture, mattresses, fire barriers, textile coating, laminates, linings and as insulators.

Abstract: Densified particles of friction ingredients which include an uncured mix of friction ingredients with a thermosetting binder resin and an effective amount of a liquid coreactive with the resin which maintains the temperature during particle formation below the curing temperature of the resin can be used to make friction elements. Methods of forming friction elements from the particles and friction elements made from the particles also are described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fibrous base material comprising fibrillated aramid fibers, cellulose fibers, and at least one type of filler material and a non-asbestos friction material produced therefrom by impregnating the fibrous base material with a phenolic or modified phenolic resin. The friction material exhibits good anti-shuddering properties and is especially useful in continuous slip clutch applications.

Abstract: An asbestos-free high performance clutch facing which exhibits a less decrease in the friction coefficient as well as a less wearing during long-term repeated cycles of loading at high temperatures is disclosed.The clutch facing is a disk-shaped clutch facing produced by molding a composition for a friction material with heating and under pressure, the composition comprising:15-50 parts by weight of (I) a binder composition comprising 95-30% by weight of (a) an aromatic hydrocarbon-formaldehyde resin-modified novolak type epoxy resin, and 5-70% by weight of a cyanate ester resin consisting essentially of (b) a polyfunctional cyanate ester, or a prepolymer of the cyanate ester, or (b) and (c) a monofunctional or polyfunctional maleimide;20-70 parts by weight of (II) a fibrous reinforcing substrate with a fiber diameter of 0.2 .mu.m or more;2-20 parts by weight of (III) a metallic fiber substrate with a fiber diameter of 10 .mu.m or more; and5-40 parts by weight of (IV) a friction wear regulator.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a friction material comprising a silicone resin, a phenolic resin, and, in certain embodiments, silicon nitride particles, incorporated into an aqueous paper formulation which is then formed into a friction material. The friction material is prepared by mixing the silicone resin, the phenolic resin (and, in certain embodiments, silicon nitride particles) into a raw paper formulation, forming a porous friction material, and heating the friction material to cure the phenolic resin and silicone resin.

Abstract: A composition containing a matrix, a fiber, a filler; and a friction modifier; wherein an effective amount of at least one of said components selected from the group consisting of fiber, filler, friction modifier and combinations thereof are cure promoting compounds having an effective aspect ratio such that the composition is rapidly cured in the presence of electromagnetic energy, and a process for curing such compositions.Articles comprised of this composition are suitable for use in the production of friction materials, such as brake pads, drum linings, and clutches.

Abstract: This invention relates to a friction composition comprising oxidized or phoisphotized metal fibers and to friction elements fabricated therefrom.

Abstract: A composite friction or gasketting material is disclosed having a combination of thermoset or thermoplastic matrix resin, fiber reinforcing material, and aramid particles. The composite material exhibits improved wear resistance when compared with materials having no aramid particles.

Abstract: Improved asbestos-free fiber reinforced material for use in the manufacture of gaskets, and the like, comprises (a) an elastomeric binder material and (b) a blend of fibrillated, organic, synthetic polymer, organic synthetic polymer staple and organic synthetic, soluble polymer particles so as to enhance the strength of the gaskets, shock mountings, timing belts, sealants, and the like, made from such materials.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a non-asbestos friction material comprising a phenolic or phenolic-modified resin (and in certain embodiments, silicon nitride particles) incorporated into a fibrous base material which is then impregnated with a silicone resin. The friction material is prepared by mixing the phenolic or phenolic-modified resin (and, in certain embodiments, silicon nitride particles) into an aqueous paper formulation, forming a porous fibrous base material, impregnating the fibrous base material with a silicone resin, and heating the impregnated material to cure the phenolic resin and the silicone resin.

Abstract: The non-asbestos, frictional material composition comprising a fibrous metal, carbon powder manufactured by sintering a mixture of coke and pitch, a hardening agent, a heat-resistant agent, and a filler for stabilizing the composition. The process for manufacturing the composition comprising manufacturing the fibrous metal and carbon powder, inserting the composition in a predetermined mold and molding the composition, and hardening the molded composition for a time.

Abstract: A wet frictional material comprises a fiber base material such as natural pulp fibers or organic synthetic fibers, a filler such as diatomaceous earth or cashew resin, a friction adjustment agent, thermosetting synthetic resin, and activated carbon fibers so that the wet frictional material is high in friction coefficient and superior in heat resistance.

Abstract: A friction material containing dust having bismaleimidetriazine as a major ingredient. The dust is effective when contained in amount of 1 to 20 wt. % in the friction material. Compared with conventional friction material containing cashew dust, the generation rate of noise is reduced drastically, while the frictional performance is equivalent or higher.

Abstract: A non-asbestos friction material containing friction dust comprising a composite of inorganic compound with polymerization product of cashew nut shell oil is disclosed. The material is used for the brake lining, disc pad and clutch facing for cars and industrial machinery.

Abstract: A friction material for a brake obtained by a process which comprisespreparing (I) a composition for a friction material from (A) a binder composition comprising 95-5 parts by weight of a cyanate ester resin and 5-95 parts by weight of a polycyclic aromatic pitch, (B) a fiber reinforcing substrate, and (C) a friction and wear regulator,thermoforming the composition (I) by hot pressing to cure the binder composition (A), andheat-treating the cured product at a temperature of 270.degree.-800.degree. C. to cyclize or semi-carbonize the binder composition (A) is disclosed which has markedly improved anti-fade properties.

Abstract: This invention relates to a composition suitable for use in friction elements and comprises a frictional material and a binder, the latter being a blend of a polyvinyl alkyl ether with a phenolic resin and optionally a rubber.Compared with conventional friction elements based on organic polymers, the elements produced using the compositions of the present invention shows increases in flexural strength of up to 50% with no loss in wear or friction performance.

Abstract: A friction material is so manufactured that a hygienic environment can be maintained while simultaneously reducing the brake noise without reducing the friction coefficient of the brake pads made of the present material. The friction material is granulated or agglomerated by a first binder which binds one or more inorganic substances having a plane netlike crystal structure into granules which are deformed so that the particles have a flat particle orientation in the resulting granules. The flat particle orientation is achieved by the application pressure and/or heat during the formation. The granules are then embedded in a second binder forming a fibrous matrix for forming the brake pad material. The inorganic substance or substances forming the particles having the plane netlike crystal structure, promote a microseparation in the friction surface in response to the application of a brake force. The microseparation effectively prevents brake noise.

Abstract: A brake lining is made from a preform which has been formed by a compression step parallel to that surface of the brake lining preform which is to be the braking surface of the lining in use and has subsequently been compressed in a direction substantially normal to said surface to form the lining. The preform can be made by dewatering an aqueous slurry of the brake lining ingredients prior to the first compression step.

Abstract: Non-asbestos ion-polymer composite friction materials show high heat resistance and low wear, being especially useful for friction elements in brake shoes or blocks in automobiles and industrial machines. The non-asbestos ion-polymer composites are basically composed of a polyacrylonitrile fiber and an ion-polymer used as binder matrix. An optional friction modifier can be added to include, e.g., carbon, graphite and/or MoS.sub.2, etc. The ion-polymer is polymerized from alpha, beta-unsaturated-gamma-carbonyl monomers, e.g., acrylic acid, or esters thereof or their comonomers, directly onto the solid surface of divalent metal compounds, e.g., Ca, Sr, Ba, Zn salt(s) and/or oxide(s).

Abstract: A non-asbestos friction material composition suitable for use as a friction element includes: a binder; a reinforcing material; and a structural integriy imparting amount of cellulose ester fibrils.

Abstract: The invention relates to a non-asbestos friction material comprising fibrillated acrylic fibers admixed with fibrous base materials selected from glass fibers, heat-resistant organic fibers, inorganic fibers and metallic fibers, said fibrillated acrylic fibers having a freeness (Canadian Standard Freeness) of at least 450 ml, a thermosetting resin and a friction modifier, and a method for production thereof.

Abstract: A high friction brake shoe formulation having a high static friction coefficient in shear of about 1.5 and low adhesion to materials having microscopic pores therein in contact with said brake shoe formulation which comprises a mixture of about 75 phr of neoprene W rubber and about 25 phr of neoprene WHV rubber; a first curing system comprising about 1 phr of a fatty acid, about 5 phr of ZnO, and about 1-3 phr of MgO; and a second curing system comprising about 1.25 phr of sulfur and about 0.6 phr of a sulfur accelerator; together with about 50 phr of a reinforcing agent of N555 or N650 carbon black.

Abstract: A friction material is disclosed, which is characterized in that, in the friction material comprising reinforcing material, friction modifier, solid lubricant and thermosetting organic binder, said thermosetting organic binder is a resin having less hydroxyl group content compared with phenol resin.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composite friction material for brakes comprising a main friction material containing thermosetting resin as a binder, and a layer of high friction material with a higher friction coefficient than said main friction material for exhibiting a high braking power on initial application, which high friction layer is provided on the surface of said main friction material and contains a phenol resin of not more than 5 wt. %.

Abstract: A non-asbestos friction material has a core group of fibers that is universally used in a plurality of friction material formulations to provide appropriate friction materials for different end uses. The universal core group is resistant to temperatures above 1000.degree. F. Friction materials made with the core group have the additional advantage of long wear. Polybenzimidazole (PBI) is an essential element of the core group of fibers because its friction level increases as the temperature increase. The other elements of the core group are aramid fibers, carbon fibers, and a high strength ceramic fiber.

Abstract: Asbestos-free brake lining comprising phenolic resin and usual fillers and in addition an amount of a synthetic hydrated calcium silicate particle of xonotlite with a substantially spherical morphology and a mean diameter of 50 to 70 .mu.m with an open inner structure and an outer shell with a close limited crystal structure with pore openings of up to 10.sup.-7 m in the outer shell.

Abstract: A brake-friction material comprising:(a) a base material having a fiber structure for giving a high mechanical strength and a high friction coefficient to the brake-friction material;(b) a lubricant for decreasing a wear of the brake-friction material;(c) a filler for giving a heat stability to the brake-friction material and helping friction characteristic of the brake-friction material; and(d) a bonding material composed;wherein the bonding material is composed of condensed polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon resin.

Abstract: The present invention is a composition comprising a friction resistant filler and a cyanato group containing phenolic resin which has repeating units of the formula: ##STR1## wherein p is 0 or an integer of one or more, q is an integer of one or more, and X is a radical selected from the group consisting of: --CH.sub.2 --, --CO--, --SO.sub.2 --, ##STR2## with --CH.sub.2 -- preferred. R is the same or different and is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and methyl radicals and composition based on phenolic triazine resins derived therefrom.

Abstract: A friction material composite especially suitable for an electromagnetic clutch, includes a reinforcing fiber material, optionally an organic filler, an inorganic filler, and a friction and abrasion conditioner bonded together by a thermosetting resin binder. The reinforcing fiber material contains 25 to 35 percent by volume of staple cellulose pulp of not more than 150 .mu.m in fiber length. The organic filler contains 30 to 40 percent by weight of an organic filler material of not more than 840 .mu.m in maximum grain size. The friction and abrasion conditioner contains and 0.5 to 5 percent by volume of aluminum oxide and/or magnesium oxide of not more than 250 .mu.m in maximum grain size. The material composite has a porosity in the range of 15 to 30 percent by volume.

Abstract: An improved fibrous polyacrylonitrile mixture for use in friction products enables the production of low resiliency preforms by mixing an additive with a polyacrylonitrile wet gel. The additive is incorporated into the fiber in extremely large amounts. The additive is a member selected from the group consisting of:(a) polyethylene glycol esters of pelargonic acid; or(b) polyethylene glycol esters of enanthic, caprylic or capric acids; or(c) blends of polyethylene glycol esters of enanthic, caprylic, pelargonic, or capric acids; or(d) blends of polyethylene glycol esters of carboxylic acids derived from natural products containing at least 50% by weight of carboxylic acids containing less than 14 carbon atoms; or(e) reaction products of ethylene oxide and carboxylic acid amides wherein at least 70% of the acids from which the amide is derived contain between 16 and 20 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The addition of fibrillated acrylic fiber to non-asbestos type friction material compositions provides marked improvement in the flexural strength, stiffness and structural integrity of preforms used in the manufacture of friction elements. The consequent handling characteristics of the preform provide improvement in the manufacturing of the friction element.