Abstract: A method for forming a fire resistant material is disclosed. The method comprises providing a plurality of expandable beads of a polymeric material. The beads are coated with an exfoliable graphite. The exfoliable graphite is adhered to the beads with a resin having a solubility parameter of the polymeric material. The beads are thereafter caused or allowed to expand and fuse.

Abstract: The invention relates to an intumescent coating with improved metal adhesion.

Abstract: Flame retardant plastic resin blends comprise an intumescent flame retardant and at least one plastic resin. Engineering resin blends comprise an intumescent flame retardant and at least one engineering resin. Thermoset resin blends comprise an intumescent flame retardant and at least one thermoset resin. The plastic resin blends and the engineering resin blends are non-halogen. The thermoset resin blends are substantially non-halogen.

Abstract: A combination of selected substances in paint to prevent the settlement and growth of different bio-fouling organisms with a reduced negative effect on the ecosystems compared to present methods. Useful substances include medetomidine with various copper and zinc formulations, tolylfluanide, diclofluanide, DIURON™ and IRGAROL™, or more general biocides such as SEANINE™ (4,5-dichloro-2-n-octyl-3(2H)-isothiazolone) or ECONEA™ (2-(p-chlorophenyl)-3-cyano-4-bromo-5-trifluoromethyl pyrrole).

Abstract: Fire-protective coatings comprising a water-soluble alkali metal silicate binder, at least one inorganic particulate material which endothermically releases a nonflammable gas in the presence of heat, and an inorganic filler and/or a polymeric binder are disclosed.

Abstract: Flame retardant compositions are disclosed which comprise (a) at least one particulate material which expands on the application of heat and (b) at least one particulate nano-filler, together with at least one polymer and/or at least one curable monomer or oligomer. The compositions may also contain certain silicon-based materials. Flame-retardant compositions comprising polyorganosiloxanes containing one or more functional groups selected form amino, hydroxyl, methacrylic, acrylic and epoxy groups, are also disclosed.

Abstract: An intumescent coating in the form of an initially liquid coating which cures to a solid and adheres to a substrate. The coating includes a flexible thermosetting epoxy, such as diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A (DGEBA), with an aliphatic amine curing agent, expandable graphite flakes with reagent chemicals that react upon heating and decompose into gaseous products, and fumed silica. In the presence of heat or flame, an intumescent layer develops at the coating surface, insulating the substrate. The coating is found to add intumescent characteristics which provide heat resistant and fire retardant qualities.

Abstract: The topic of this invention is an intumescent fire retardant and a method for its manufacture. The application of modifiers in the form of so-called “nano-particles” in intumescent systems improves the efficiency fire retardancy and the effectiveness of the system's thermal insulation. The high dispersion of particles influences the decomposition of intumescent systems and the combustion process. Therefore, the structure and thermal resistance of the carbon layer formed are improved.

Abstract: A liquid intumescent resin coating composition including at least one polymeric component, at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomeric component, and at least one intumescent ingredient. The coating composition further includes at least one of Sodium Potassium Aluminium Silicate (Nepheline syenite) and Potassium Aluminium Silicate. The coating composition is curable to a solid state by free radical polymerisation.

Abstract: A coating system comprising: (1) a liquid intumescent coating composition comprising a resin system comprising at least one polymeric component, at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomeric component, and at least one intumescent ingredient, the coating composition being curable to a solid state by free radical polymerisation, and (2) a reinforcement structure. The reinforcement structure may comprise any of mesh, fabric and/or tape. The reinforcement structure preferably comprises an inorganic fabric, and may be installed by application of a suitable adhesive binder.

Abstract: An ablative composition and methods of forming ablative structures are provided that improve char during ablation, prevent combustion during ablation, and which reduce moisture absorption of low temperature ablative (LTA) materials. The ablative composition comprises an intumescent material such as ammonium polyphosphate (APP) that is disposed within an LTA material at the outer surface of the ablative composition. The intumescent material may also be added in increasing amounts throughout the LTA material such that a gradient of intumescent material is formed near the outer surface of the ablative composition for the required amount of thermal protection. Both the LTA material and the intumescent material are applied to a substrate, or an aerospace vehicle structure, preferably in layers using methods such as spray forming or hand troweling.

Abstract: Intumescent fire retardant latex paint has a mold inhibitor in an amount sufficient to kill, control, or prevent growth of mold, mildew or fungus after the intumescent fire retardant latex paint having mold inhibitor is applied to, and dried and reached a constant mass on a substrate. The paint can be in a form of a finish paint or primer. For example, the mold may be toxic black mold (Stachybotrys chartarum), and the mold inhibitor may be alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride as an 80% by weight mixture added at about 3% by weight of a base fire retardant latex paint formulation. Such a paint can be made by contacting latex paint-forming ingredients with a fire retardant and a mold inhibitor, under conditions sufficient to form the paint; and can be used by contacting it with a substrate under conditions sufficient to be flame retardant or mold inhibitory, or both. An article of manufacture can include, in combination, the paint having the mold inhibitor, or its residue, and the substrate.

Abstract: The method of at least one thermally expandable graphite intercalation compound, containing A) a least one metal halide of at least one of the elements Fe, Al, Sb, Zn, Y, Cr and Ni and B) at least one nitroalkane of the general formula CH3(CH2)nNO2, in which n is a whole number from 0 to 10, as well as its structural isomers or mixtures, as intumescing, fire-protection additive in polymer matrices for producing intumescing fire-protective seals for through holes, wall bushings and other openings in walls, floors and/or ceilings of buildings, as well as a method for preparing the thermally expandable graphite-intercalation compounds used.

Abstract: An insulation material comprising a low-density EPDM polymer, at least one flame-retardant, and an organic filler. The insulation material is used in an insulation layer of a rocket motor. The organic filler is a polymeric, organic filler such as polyvinyl chloride. A rocket motor comprising an insulation material is also disclosed. The insulation material comprises a low-density EPDM polymer, at least one flame-retardant, and a polymeric, organic filler and is applied between an inner surface of a case of the rocket motor and a propellant. A method of insulating a rocket motor is also disclosed.

Abstract: Fire-retardant and intumescent compositions, especially for fireproofing such plastics as polyolefins, e.g., polypropylenes and polyethylenes, and such copolymers as polyethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), contain at least one organophosphorus compound that has at least one carbon-phosphorus covalent bond and at least one carboxyl functional group, at least one swelling agent selected from among organic compounds containing at least one nitrogen atom and at least one silicon mineral structuring agent that is not decomposed during the combustion thereof, e.g., a silicate and/or a silicon oxide.

Abstract: The flameproof resin composition according to the present invention (A) 100 parts by weight of a rubber modified polystyrene resin containing (a1) 20 to 100% by weight of graft copolymer prepared by graft-polymerizing 5 to 65% by weight of a rubber polymer, 30 to 95% by weight of an aromatic vinyl monomer, 0 to 20% by weight of a monomer copolymerizable with said aromatic vinyl monomer and 0 to 15% by weight of a monomer for providing good processability and heat resistance; and (a2) 0 to 80% by weight of copolymer prepared by polymerizing 60 to 90% by weight of an aromatic vinyl monomer, 10 to 40% by weight of a monomer copolymerizable with said aromatic vinyl monomer and 0 to 30% by weight of a monomer for providing good processability and heat resistance; and (B) 15 to 40 parts by weight of a ring-shaped alkyl phosphonic acid compound.

Abstract: A fire retardant body comprises a polymeric matrix and a non-halogenated fire retardant component that is an intumescent material. The fire retardant component is present in the fire retardant body in an amount from about 55% to about 95% of the body by weight. The body preferably has a thickness of at least about 3 mm in each dimension. Methods of using the fire retardant body for protecting a substrate from fire damage are also provided.

Abstract: A surface coating includes fire retarding and smoke suppressing constituents dispersed throughout an essentially non-toxic, water-based adhesive binder. The coating comprises a mixture of chemical compounds where each constituent falls into one of six functional groups, being: 1) catalyst/initiator; 2) expandable graphite; 3) carbonific, or source of carbon which additionally forms water; 4) blowing agent (a source of non-flammable gases); 5) cement; and, 6) ceramic.

Abstract: A thermosetting-resin-based coating that is capable of forming a substantially flame-resistant barrier upon being exposed to heat. The coating includes a thermoset resin, an acid catalyst having a pKa value of less than 2, a filler selected from glass, mica, talc, perlite, vermiculite and combinations thereof, and an organic-intumescent material. The thermoset coating is at least 75% of the total weight of the coating.

Abstract: A modified polymer material is discloses, including a polymer base and boehmite particles provided in the polymer base. the boehmite particles are made up of mainly anisotropically shaped particles.

Abstract: Flame retardants, and compositions containing the flame retardants are disclosed. The flame retardants are prepared reacting ethylene diamine with polyphosphoric acid; or reacting an ethyleneamine or a mixture of ethyleneamines with phosphoric acid, polyphosphoric acid, pyrophosphoric acid, or a mixtures thereof. A 10% by weight solution of the product in water has a pH between about 3.5 to 6.5. The flame retardants are non-halogen containing flame retardants that do not gas undesirably during processing at temperatures of 235° C. or even higher.

Abstract: The invention relates to mixtures containing a) a polymer which may be produced from ethylene, vinyl acetate and optionally further monomers having a vinyl acetate content in the range of 40 to 85 wt. %, b) at least one expandable graphite which may be acidic or neutralised, c) at least one mineral filler, d) optionally further additives, a process for producing them, their use for the production of shaped articles of any type, and flame-retardant intumescent mixtures containing a mixture according to the invention and, furthermore, shaped articles containing a mixture according to the invention.

Abstract: An aqueous fire barrier composition including a latex that includes a polymer, a polyol having 2, 3 or 4 hydroxy groups and a molecular weight of from about 75 to about 1200, and an intumescent agent.

Abstract: A flame retarding and smoke suppressing additive powder that can be mixed with resins includes a carbonific material, a heat activated blowing agent, a heat activated halogen material, a phosphate material, and an inorganic material. The additive powder, when added to a curable or hardenable resin, forms a mixture where the additive powder is about 20-30%, by weight, of the mixture. The resin can be styrenic, olefinic, acrylic, cellulosic, polyester, or polyamide such as are are commonly used in the manufacture of fiberglass reinforced structures and moldable plastics.

Abstract: Fire retardant composition includes an ammonium phosphate substance, which is in contact with a carbonific, for example, glucose, and a nitrogenous spumific, for example, urea. A polysaccharide and/or a nonionic alkylpolyglycoside surfactant may be present. The composition may be in the form of a clear, aqueous liquid.

Abstract: Fire retardant composition has a mold inhibitor. The composition can embrace a mixture of a substantially neutral ammonium phosphate salt in combination with an active hydrogen-containing nitrogenous organic compound spumific, e.g., urea, and with a hydroxyl-containing carbonific, e.g., a polyol, and further with the mold inhibitor. Such a composition can be made by contacting a phosphoric acid with ammonia to form the ammonium phosphate, contacting the ammonium phosphate with the spumific, the carbonific, and the mold inhibitor, under conditions sufficient to form the composition; and can be used by contacting it with a flammable substrate under conditions sufficient to be flame retardant or mold inhibitory, or both. Another aspect is an article of manufacture comprising, in combination, the fire retardant composition having the mold inhibitor, and the flammable substrate or a residue of the same.

Abstract: A fiber-free molding composition containing: (a) a binder selected from the group consisting of an epoxide, a polyisocyanate, a furane-resin-free phenolic resin, and mixtures thereof; and (b) a filler mixture containing: (i) an inorganic high-temperature-resistant filler; and (ii) a heat-activatable swelling agent.

Abstract: A method for preparing an endothermic heat shield composition, which comprises at least 50 wt/wt % hydrated salt and at least one filler material, the method comprising the steps of: a) heating the hydrated salt to a temperature at which it liquifies; b) adding and mixing at least one filler material into a); and cooling the mixture to form a composition wherein the hydrated salt particles are fused to each other, with the proviso that said at least one filler material is a mixture of organic and inorganic materials.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, a material for use in a thermal protection system contains a silicone resin binder, a silicone catalyst, ground cork, glass ecospheres, and a silicone solvent. In a preferred embodiment, the material consists of from 65.3 wt % to 72.3 wt % silicone resin, from 6.5 wt % to 7.25 wt % silicone catalyst, from 7.22 wt % to 7.98 wt % ground cork, from 8.36 wt % to 9.24 wt % glass ecospheres, and the balance silicone solvent.

Abstract: A flame retarding and smoke suppressing additive powder that can be mixed with resins includes a carbonific material, a heat activated blowing agent, a heat activated halogen material, a phosphate material, and an inorganic material. The additive powder, when added to a curable or hardenable resin, forms a mixture where the additive powder is about 20-30%, by weight, of the mixture. The resin can be styrenic, olefinic, acrylic, cellulosic, polyester, or polyamide such as are commonly used in the manufacture of fiberglass reinforced structures and moldable plastics.

Abstract: A moldable elastomeric intumescent material comprises chlorinated polyethylene, plasticizers, phosphate based foaming agents, char forming materials, antioxidants, intumescent materials, flame retardant materials, and graphite and/or expandable graphite. A curing agent, and optionally a co-curing agent or an accelerator, may further be incorporated into the material to improve the rigidity of the material when it is exposed to fire. The composition also possesses enhanced intumescence and flame retardancy properties by the addition of graphite, and preferably expandable graphite, to the composition.

Abstract: An ablative composition and methods of forming ablative structures are provided that improve char during ablation, prevent combustion during ablation, and which reduce moisture absorption of low temperature ablative (LTA) materials. The ablative composition comprises an intumescent material such as ammonium polyphosphate (APP) that is disposed within an LTA material at the outer surface of the ablative composition. The intumescent material may also be added in increasing amounts throughout the LTA material such that a gradient of intumescent material is formed near the outer surface of the ablative composition for the required amount of thermal protection. Both the LTA material and the intumescent material are applied to a substrate, or an aerospace vehicle structure, preferably in layers using methods such as spray forming or hand troweling.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fire protection coating composition and method of using same on substrate materials for which some degree of fire protection from intense heating and fire is necessary or desirable. The fire protection coating composition will expand upon being exposed to fire or intense heating to provide a protective layer for the substrate material for which protection is required.

Abstract: Described is a flexible, solid fire sealant produced by high shear mixing in a substantially volatile-free state and capable of being molded or extruded into a variety of shapes and used as firestops for windows, doors, dampers, shutters, and through-penetrations, the sealant containing water-insoluble intumescent mineral granules, a polymeric, halogen-free binder, and a flame retardant, wherein the sealant has a softness value from about 0.01 to about 3.75 mm and exhibits high expansion values and chars upon exposure to heat.

Abstract: Coextruded, intumescent fire-protection strips jacketed on three sides, obtained by coextruding an intumescent composition composed of a thermoplastic elastomer with a processing temperature of not more than 250° C. selected from the class consisting of block copolymers and uncrosslinked thermoplastic polyolefins, sulfuric-acid-treated graphite, flame retardant, and an inorganic additive which forms an enamel or forms a ceramic, and a three-sided jacket, where appropriate in association with a chambered profile, made from a thermoplastic elastomer with a processing temperature of not more than 250° C. selected from the class consisting of block copolymers and uncrosslinked thermoplastic polyolefins, flame retardant, and, where appropriate, a color pigment, where the fire-protection strips may be designed either as a hot-gas seal or else as a combined cold- and hot-gas seal with spatially separated functions.

Abstract: Intumescent, electrical installation systems which comprise an injection molding material of polyolefins or polyimides in combination with intumescent additives, the melting points of the polyolefins and of the polyimides being lower than the intumescence temperature of the intumescent additives.

Abstract: A fire and flame retardant composition is provided by mixing brazing flux, baking soda, lime and redwood bark to form the basis of the material composition. The basic material is then readily combined with other materials including flammable items such as silicone, epoxy glue, or the like to produce a composite material which remains resistant or impervious to fire and flame. The basic material composition is further combined with a suitable binder such as silicone to form a coating mixture which, when layered upon a fabric such as cotton fabric, produces a fire and flame retardant garment which also produces improved insulation and protective characteristics while remaining flexible.

Abstract: A highly abrasion resistant and durable, low density ablator composition is provided that comprises a base silicone resin, silica microballoons as a filler, a catalyst, and a thinning fluid to control the viscosity of the base silicone resin. The density of the resulting composition is approximately 0.32 g/cc yet the composition has excellent abrasion resistance. Furthermore, the ratio of filler to base silicone resin, by weight, is approximately 0.91. The ablator composition is also RF (radio frequency) transparent, moisture resistant, and low cost. Methods of mixing the ablator composition and forming ablative structures are also provided.

Abstract: Wood preservative compositions are disclosed. Treatment of lumber, plywood, and other wood products with a novel composition comprising the boron source composition, a melamine binder resin, and a urea casein activator resin protects lumber, plywood, and other wood products from attack by termites, fungi, fire and flame. The preservative can be formed by combining a source of boron such as boric acid and the water-soluble salts thereof, a melamine binder resin, and a urea casein resin. A wood preservative is characterized by a weight ratio of the urea casing activator resin to the melamine binder resin ranging from about 1:20 to 1:4 and a weight ratio of the boron source composition to the melamine binder resin ranging from about 1.3:1 to 9.6:1.

Abstract: A moldable elastomeric intumescent material comprises chlorinated polyethylene, plasticizers, phosphate based foaming agents, char forming materials, antioxidants, intumescent materials, flame retardant materials, and graphite and/or expandable graphite. A curing agent, and optionally a co-curing agent or an accelerator, may further be incorporated into the material to improve the rigidity of the material when it is exposed to fire. The composition also possesses enhanced intumescence and flame retardancy properties by the addition of graphite, and preferably expandable graphite, to the composition.

Abstract: A compound is provided having the means of intumescence at temperatures above 195° C. to 220° C.

Abstract: A fire-resistant composite substrate for use in making structural openings fire-resistant, the substrate containing: (a) elastically compressible particles; (b) at least one heat-activated expanding agent; (c) at least one heat-activated binder; and (d) a diisocyanate adhesive.

Abstract: Fire resistant gels are provided that comprise a polymer material and a fire-retardant chemical. Fire-resistant transparent materials are provided that comprise plates of transparent material that are arranged parallel to each other but having a space therebetween. The plates can be spaced apart using spacers and the space can be filled with a fire-retardant gel comprising a polymer material and a fire-retardant chemical. For certain uses, fire-resistant gels can be applied to the surface of a structure subject to fire damage or can be provided in the interior of a wall, door or other structure. The gel is permitted to polymerize, thereby forming the completed fire-resistant coating or construction material. The fire-resistant material so produced can be used for construction purposes where vision, radiant heat protection, safety and a fire rating is required and where large surface area and thin dimensions are desirable.

Abstract: Flame retardant compositions of this invention are produced by incorporating a urea-organic compound condensate into a flammable organic material. The urea-organic compounds condensate are produced by heating urea and organic compounds that will condensate with or react with isocyanic acid and/or cyanic acid or heating urea first then reacting the condensation compounds with other organic compounds. The urea-organic compound condensate may be mixed with or reacted with carbonization auxiliaries, aldehydes and fillers to produce a urea-organic compound condensate composition which is incorporated in more flammable organic compositions such as polyurethanes, polyester resins, epoxy resins, vinyl resins and other resins. The urea-organic compound condensate salts of phosphorus, boron or sulfur containing compounds and the urea-organic compound condensate-aldehyde resins may also be used as the flame retardant compound in this invention.

Abstract: During the application of heat the intumescent coating is transformed into a swollen char material, which acts as a thermal barrier to eliminate or minimize incoming heat flux. It also acts as a mass transfer barrier, inhibiting oxygen from reaching the thermally insulative ablative material. During the intumescence process, the swollen material will also back fill into interstices within the ablative material and char to enhance their strength. The intumescent coating also acts as a moisture barrier to protect the thermally insulative ablative material from ambient elements such as moisture.

Abstract: The present invention is a fire-resistant paint containing an epoxy resin, a hardener, and an inorganic filler wherein {circle around (1)} for the total of 100 weight parts of the epoxy resin and the hardener, {circle around (2)} 200-500 weight parts of the inorganic filler, chosen from a group consisting of neutralized thermally expandable graphite, metal carbonate, and a hydrated inorganic compound is contained; {circle around (3)} for the inorganic filler, at least 15-400 weight parts of neutralized thermally expandable graphite is contained; and {circle around (4)} the viscosity of the fire-resistant paint is 1-1,000 ps as measured by a B-type viscometer. The fire-resistant paint of the present invention has particularly remarkable fire resistance, and can be used in a wide range of applications.

Abstract: Aqueous or solid nitrogen containing compound urea condensate salt of sulfur oxyacid and/or aqueous or solid nitrogen containing compound urea condensate salt of sulfur oxyacid composition may be utilized to fight grass, forest, building fires, and flame retard other flammable organic material by applying it on or incorporating it in these flammable organic materials. The aqueous or solid nitrogen containing compound urea condensate salt of sulfur oxyacid and/or aqueous or solid nitrogen containing compound urea condensate salt of sulfur oxyacid composition may be incorporated into flammable materials such as solid and foam plastic and natural materials.

Abstract: A method of making a composite polymer of a molecularly doped polymer. The method includes mixing a liquid polymer precursor with molecular dopant forming a molecularly doped polymer precursor mixture. The molecularly doped polymer precursor mixture is flash evaporated forming a composite vapor. The composite vapor is cryocondensed on a cool substrate forming a composite molecularly doped polymer precursor layer, and the cryocondensed composite molecularly doped polymer precursor layer is cross linked thereby forming a layer of the composite polymer layer of the molecularly doped polymer.

Abstract: Aqueous urea and/or aqueous urea condensate and/or aqueous urea composition may be utilized to fight grass, forest, building, and other flammable organic material by applying it to these flammable organic materials. The aqueous urea and/or aqueous urea condensate and/or aqueous composition may also be incorporated into flammable materials such as solid and foam plastic and natural materials. Aqueous urea composition are produced by adding and mixing carbon auxiliaries, such as phosphorus containing compounds, metal containing compounds that will accelerate carbonization, heat reflector, surfactant and fillers to the aqueous urea.

Abstract: To provide a flame-retardant thermoplastic polyester resin composition having excellent flame-retarding properties even without any halogen flame retardant, and also good mechanical properties and moldability and an excellent heat residence stability. The composition comprises (A) 100 parts by weight of a thermoplastic polyester resin, (B) 5 to 40 parts by weight of a specific phosphinic acid salt and/or a specific diphosphinic acid salt and/or a polymer thereof, and (C) 1 to 35 parts by weight of a nitrogen-containing organic substance.