Abstract: Described are novel thermosetting epoxy resin compositions suitable for making cured resins, prepregs and stiff, tough thermoset composites. The thermosetting compositions comprise a polyepoxide component, an amine hardener and a specified amount of certain aromatic oligomers containing functional groups which are reactive with the polyepoxide and/or hardener under curing conditions for the composition. The cured resins have a multiphase morphology which comprises at least one glassy continuous phase and at least one glassy discontinuous phase and have a fracture toughness, K.sub.IC, of at least 1.0 MPam.sup.1/2.

Abstract: An electro-optic display device in which a conductive paste is disposed between opposed electrodes is characterized in that said conductive paste contains silane coupling agents. A process for making an electro-optic display device in which a conductive paste is disposed between opposed electrodes is characterized in that said conductive paste is applied onto films which are formed by applying a silane coupling agent onto at least one of the electrodes.

Abstract: New and improved heat curable compositions are disclosed comprising epoxidic resin(s) and aromatic ether-sulfone polyamines, alone or in combination with other diamine curing agents and/or curing catalysts alone, or in further combination with reinforcements, e.g., graphite fibers and, optionally modified with second resins. The cured neat resins and fiber resin matrix compositions exhibit high toughness, compression strength and short beam shear strength under dry, wet and hot/wet conditions.

Abstract: Imide functional polyphenols are prepared by reacting an excess of a phenol with an unsaturated diimide which is prepared by reacting an unsaturated polycycloaliphatic dicarboxylic acid anhydride with a diamine.These materials are useful in the preparation of castings, coatings, laminates and the like.

Abstract: Curable compositions are provided comprising epoxide prepolymers and polyaminobenzoates, alone, or combined with reinforcements, e.g., graphite fibers, and, optionally modified with second resins. The cured fiber resin matrix compositions exhibit high toughness combined with excellent hot/wet strength.

Abstract: Curable compositions comprising epoxide prepolymers and polyaminobenzoates, alone, or combined with reinforcements, e.g., graphite fibers, and, optionally modified with second resins. The cured resin fiber matrix compositions exhibit high toughness combined with excellent hot/wet strength.

Abstract: An epoxyester linear block oligomer made with n-1 moles fatty acid units terminated with carboxylic acid groups and n moles of epoxy oligomer, when filled with carbon black, is a particularly effective electrically conductive primer for use over organic-based composites to be electrostatically painted.

Abstract: The adhesion of pitch-based carbon fiber to organic resin is improved by treatment at room temperature with a gaseous atmosphere containing from 100 to 1000 parts per million of ozone.

Abstract: Described herein are compositions which contain a specific group of oligomeric diamine hardeners and epoxy compounds which when combined with structural fibers produce composites which have improved tensile properties, high compressive strengths, and improved impact resistance. These compositions also exhibit low moisture absorption.

Abstract: A solvent-free curable composition has a long shelf life and consists ofA 100 parts by weight of an epoxy resin andB from 10 to 100 parts by weight of, as a curing agent for the epoxy resin, an aromatic diamine containing ##STR1## groups, with or without C from 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of an accelerator, the curing agent for the epoxy resin being finely dispersed in the latter and preferably having a particle size of less than 10 .mu.m. The preferred epoxy resin curing agent is 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ketone. The curable composition is used in particular for the preparation of fiber-reinforced materials.

Abstract: A radar attenuating composition is described for which incident microwave diation is absorbed and/or scattered, causing a significant decrease in retroreflectance of the object to which the composition is applied, that is, a reduction in the radar cross-section of the object. The radar attenuating composition or paint is prepared by uniformly mixing thin conducting fibers such as stainless steel fibers or carbon or graphite into a standard camouflage-type paint. The fibers act as electric dipole segments. The purpose of the countermeasure paint of the present invention is to reduce the amount of microwave radiation reflected back by a target to the receiver, i.e. reducing the amount of retroreflection.

Abstract: An intermediate for composite materials which comprises a carbon fiber or a graphite fiber having a tensile strength of 300 to 600 kg/mm.sup.2 and a tensile modulus of 30 to 50 t/mm.sup.2 and giving an intensity of electric current per unit surface area as determined by a potential sweep method in the range of 0.1 to 0.4 .mu.A/cm.sup.2 and a matrix resin.

Abstract: A resin composition comprising(I) a granular or powdery resin which is a condensation product of a phenol, an aldehyde and optionally a nitrogen-containing compound having at least two active hydrogens and is characterized by (A) containing spherical primary particles and their secondary agglomerated particles each having a particle diameter of 0.1 to 150 microns, (B) having such a size that at least 50% by weight thereof can pass through a 100 Tyler mesh sieve, and (C) having a free phenol content, determined by liquid chromatography, of not more than 500 ppm, and(II) at least one member selected from the group consisting of (1) a rubbery elastic material, (2) a thermoplastic resin and (3) a curable resin other than said granular or powdery resin (I) and/or a filler material other than said granular or powdery resin (I).

Abstract: Mixture for the production of acid-resistant sealing materials or acid-resistant impregnating materials based on epoxy resins, resols, hardening catalysts and further customary additives, which are in the form of a cement or impregnating solution and contain, as essential constituents, (A) at least one bifunctional, low-molecular epoxy resin having an epoxide equivalent weight between 87 and 1,000, (B) at least one resol formed from at least one trifunctional phenol and formaldehyde in a molar ratio of 1:1 to 1:3, having a viscosity between 50 and 2,500 mPa.s at 20.degree. C. and having a solids content of at least 50% by weight, and (C) hardening catalysts, cements also containing (D) fillers, in addition, and a process for the preparation of hardening products from the compounds. Thus, for example, cements or impervious, initially porous shaped articles which are resistant to solvents and weak acids and which have a low shrinkage after processing, are obtained.

Abstract: Curable compositions comprising substituted bisurea catalyzed epoxide prepolymers alone, or with aromatic polyamine curing agents, alone, or in further combination with reinforcements, e.g., graphite fibers, and optionally modified with second resins are disclosed. The cured resin fiber matrix compositions exhibit high toughness combined with excellent hot/wet strength.

Abstract: Curable thermosetting resin compositions comprising an epoxy resin having at least two 1,2-epoxy groups per molecule, an aromatic diamine hardener, and as a cure accelerator an aromatic trihydroxy compound are disclosed. The aromatic trihydroxy compound, such as for example, phloroglucinol, n-propyl gallate, or pyrogallol, improves the cure speed of the epoxy/aromatic diamine resin system, while at the same time producing cured compositions having excellent mechanical and thermal properties. The disclosed compositions find particular application in the preparation of composites by, e.g., filament winding procedures.

Abstract: Cured polyfunctional epoxy resins including tris(hydroxyphenyl)methane triglycidyl ether are toughened by addition of polybrominated polymeric additives having an EE below 1500 to the pre-cure composition. Carboxy-terminated butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber is optionally present in the pre-cure mixture as such or as a pre-formed copolymer with other reactants. Reinforced composites, particularly carbon-reinforced composites, of these resins are disclosed and shown to have improved toughness.

Abstract: An electro-optic display device in which a conductive paste is disposed between opposed electrodes is characterized in that said conductive paste contains silane coupling agents. A process for making an electro-optic display device in which a conductive paste is disposed between opposed electrodes is characterized in that said conductive paste is applied onto films which are formed by applying a silane coupling agent onto at least one of the electrodes.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a process and a novel composition for forming a conductive thermoset material which comprises admixing(a) particles of a polymeric material swellable at its plasticization temperature,(b) at least one liquid reactive plasticizer for (a)(c) optionally and preferably a curing agent for the reactive plasticizer, and(d) heat or electrically conductive particles,and thereafter heating the admixture for a time sufficient to flux and cure same to obtain a conductive thermoset material. Upon heating, above the plasticization temperature, the liquid reactive plasticizer plasticizes the polymer particles. This results in the swelling of the polymer particle, forcing the conductive filler to pack tightly and orderly, thereby increasing the conductivity of the plasticized conductive thermoset after curing.

Abstract: Described herein is a composition comprising a select group of substituted diamine hardeners and an expoxy resin containing two or more 1,2-epoxide groups per molecule. These compositions exhibit reduced moisture absorption, and controlled reactivity which comprises the processing characteristics of the composition.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a process and a novel composition for forming a conductive thermoset material which comprises admixing(a) particles of a polymeric material crosslinked to at least its gel point and swellable at its plasticization temperature,(b) at least one liquid reactive plasticizer for (a)(c) optionally and preferably a curing agent for the reactive plasticizer, and(d) heat or electrically conductive particles, and thereafter heating the admixture for a time sufficient to flux and cure same to obtain a conductive thermoset material. The crosslinking of the thermoplastic polymer can optionally be carried out in a solvent for the polymer. Upon heating, above the plasticization temperature, the liquid reactive plasticizer plasticizes the lightly crosslinked polymer particles. This results in the swelling of the polymer particle, forcing the conductive filler to pack tightly and orderly, thereby increasing the conductivity of the plasticized conductive thermoset after curing.

Abstract: A coating composition containing 10-80% by weight of binder and 20-90% by weight of an organic solvent in which the binder is(1) a chlorosulfonated ethylene vinyl acetate polymer,(2) an epoxy resin,(3) a polyamine curing agent, and(4) a bicyclic amidine.The composition is used as a primer or topcoating for metal substrates and curings at ambient temperatures and provides a finish that has excellent adhesion to the substrate and is tough, durable, weatherable and when pigmented with electrically conductive pigments, can be used as a coating for electrodes used in electrochemical reactions such as grids used in lead acid storage batteries.

Abstract: The present invention provides a rapid, low-temperature curing epoxy resin adhesive composition comprising (1) a polyepoxide, (2) a catalytic amount of HBF.sub.4, (3) a finely divided filler, preferably an acidic filler, and, optionally, (4) a polyalkylene ether glycol.

Abstract: Described herein is a composition which contains bis(2,3-epoxycyclopentyl) ether, a specific group of hardeners and a specific group of thermoplastics. When cured, these compositions have improved tensile properties as compared to similar compositions which do not contain thermoplastics.

Abstract: Curable compositions comprising epoxide prepolymers and polyaminobenzoates, alone, or combined with reinforcements, e.g., graphite fibers, and, optionally modified with second resins. The cured resin fiber matrix compositions exhibit high toughness combined with excellent hot/wet strength.

Abstract: Curable compositions comprising epoxide prepolymers and polyaminobenzoates, alone, or combined with reinforcements, e.g., graphite fibers, and, optionally modified with second resins. The cured resin fiber matrix compositions exhibit high toughness combined with excellent hot/wet strength.

Abstract: Cured polyfunctional epoxy resins including tris(hydroxyphenyl)methane triglycidyl ether are toughened by addition of polybrominated polymeric additives having an EE below 1500 to the pre-cure composition. Carboxy-terminated butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber is optionally present in the precure mixture as such or as a pre-formed copolymer with other reactants. Reinforced composites, particularly carbon-reinforced composites, of these resins are disclosed and shown to have improved toughness.

Abstract: Novel thermosettable compositions comprising a mixed cyanate of a polyphenol containing a copolymer of an ethylenically unsaturated compound and an alkenylphenyl cyanate are disclosed. These compositions are also useful in the preparation of novel epoxy resin compositions.

Abstract: Curable compositions comprising epoxide prepolymers and polyaminobenzoates, alone, or combined with reinforcements, e.g., graphite fibers, and, optionally modified with second resins. The cured resin fiber matrix compositions exhibit high toughness combined with excellent hot/wet strength.

Abstract: A fiber-reinforced composite material comprising a resin and 20 to 90% by weight, based on the composite material, of reinforcing fibers, said reinforcing fibers comprising fibers of a wholly aromatic polyamide consisting essentially of(1) structural units of the formula ##STR1## and (2) structural units of the formula ##STR2## and/or structural units of the formula ##STR3## wherein X represents a halogen atom and n is an integer of from 1 to 3.

Abstract: A housing for electrical or electronic equipment is made by moulding under heat a composition comprising an organic thermosetting resin which includes exfoliated graphite in an amount which is enough to impart to the moulded article an electrical resistivity not greater than 10 ohm-cm.The housing has an excellent capacity to reduce the level of electromagnetic radiation emitted by equipment within it and to shield electronic equipment from external electromagnetic radiation.

Abstract: A hardenable epoxy resin comprising a curable epoxy resin, a hardener for the epoxy resin and a polymer of epihalohydrin which composition is characterized in that the amount of the polymer of epihalohydrin in the composition is from 1 to 6 parts per one hundred parts by weight of the epoxy resin and in that the composition also comprises from 2 to 25 parts by weight per hundred parts by weight of the epoxy resin, of a polycarbonate having the general formula: ##STR1## where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same or different and are phenyl or cyclohexyl groups, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are the same or different and are hydrogen, methyl or cyclohexyl groups and n is from 60 to 400 and represents the average number of monomer units in the polymer chain.

Abstract: A novel diepoxide curing agent is revealed. The curing agent comprises a mixture of an imidazole compound and a selected polyoxyalkylenepolyamine.This curative produces an epoxy resin of low viscosity with a prolonged pot life. They find particular usefulness in filament winding and pultrusion processes where they are used to fabricate articles of considerable strength.

Abstract: Cured epoxy resin compositions, having a glass transition temperature (Tg) over 300.degree. F. (149.degree. C.) coupled with coefficients of linear thermal expansion (CTE) closely approaching those of aluminum, find practical utility in tooling applications as a modeling stock. The epoxy resin composition comprises one or more epoxy resins, one or more aromatic amine hardeners or a blend of aromatic and aliphatic amine hardeners, and a combination of at least three fillers selected from the group consisting of glass fibers, glass microspheres, graphite fibers and mica.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved coating composition for application to aluminum cell cathodes, wherein said composition comprises a Refractory Hard Material, and a thermosetting resinous binder system.The resinous binder system is characterized by a char yield greater than 25 percent, while the coating composition exhibits expansion characteristics such as to adhere to a cathode block at temperatures up to and including those normally encountered in the operation of an aluminum cell. The ablation rate of the carbon system utilized is essentially equal to the combined wear and dissolution rate of the Refractory Hard Material in an aluminum cell environment.

Abstract: This invention is directed to curable molding compositions containing a mixture of a poly(acrylate); a polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomer which serves to crosslink the poly(acrylate) to a thermoset product; a crosslinkable vinyl monomer having a reactivity ratio (r.sub.1) with styrene of greater than one and at least one of the following: (i) a second crosslinkable vinyl monomer having a reactivity ratio (r.sub.1) with styrene of greater than one, (ii) an epoxy compound having at least one 1,2-epoxy group per molecule, and (iii) an unsaturated fatty acid ester; and a thermoplastic polymer low profile additive. The curable molding compositions exhibit improved shrink control during the curing reaction. This invention is also directed to fiber reinforced thermoset resin articles which exhibit generally improved surface appearance quality and can be produced by a rapid injection molding process from the curable molding compositions.

Abstract: The tensile properties and compressive strength of composites comprising epoxy resins and structural fibers are improved by the inclusion of a novel class of polynuclear aromatic diamine hardners exemplified by 4,4'-bis-(4-aminophenoxy) diphenyl sulfone and its analogs.

Abstract: Stoving lacquer coatings containing 0.001 to 30% by weight of one or more organic pigments or polymer-soluble dyes, and 0.001 to 30% by weight, relative to the dry lacquer coating, are suitable for obtaining metallic effects of high purity.

Abstract: A novel composition is described comprising an admixture of an unsaturated polyimide prepolymer essentially free of terminal amine groups and an epoxy resin having a homopolymerization temperature that is greater than the temperature at which the polyimide polymerizes. These compositions maintain the superior glass transition temperatures and moisture resistance of the polyimide while picking up the desirable handling properties of the epoxy. These compositions have excellent high temperature and moisture resistant properties and excellent storage stability. For instance, carbon composites made with these materials have exhibited 60% shear property retention at 450.degree. F. after being boiled in water for one week. Also described are prepregs comprising the novel composition, methods for curing the novel composition to obtain the superior properties, and articles of manufacture comprising the novel composition.

Abstract: A rotary compressor comprises a housing having a cylindrical inner wall surface, a rotatable sleeve having an inner and outer surfaces and disposed in the housing for rotation about a first longitudinal axis, a rotor disposed in the sleeve for rotation about a second longitudinal axis which is offset from the first longitudinal axis, a plurality of vanes carried by the rotor to extend substantially in radial directions and having radially outer edges maintained in contact with the inner surface of the sleeve so that the sleeve is rotated as the rotor and the vanes rotate. One or each of the inner wall surface of the housing and the outer surface of the sleeve has a coating comprised of a wear-resistant resin dispersed with 10 to 120 volume part of a solid lubricant and 5 to 50 volume part of metal flakes for 100 volume part of the resin.

Abstract: A coating composition comprising (A) a polyester resin modified with a lactone having 6 to 8 ring carbon atoms (I) or a mixture of said lactone-modified polyester resin (I) and a non-modified polyester resin (II), the lactone content being from 5 to 40% by weight of the total polyester resin (in solid) (I) or (I+II), the number average molecular weight being 800.about.200 mg KOH/g and wherein the resinous acid value is 2.about.20 mg KOH/g, (B) a crosslinking agent, (C) a pigment and (D) optionally other resins. The composition is useful as an intercoat paint for automobile bodies.

Abstract: An epoxy resin composition having excellent adhesive and high mechanical strength is disclosed. The composition comprises:(A) a bisphenol A type epoxy resin present in an amount of at least 45 wt % of the total epoxy resin;(B) a novolak type epoxy resin present in an amount of at least 8 wt % of the total epoxy resin;(C) a glycidyl amine type epoxy resin (including the one used in (D)) present in an amount of at least 15 wt % of the total epoxy resin;(D) a reaction product of a butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer having carboxyl groups on at least both ends of the molecule and a glycidyl amine type epoxy resin, said butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer being present in an amount of 1.

Abstract: A bundle of continuous carbon filament fibers treated with a sizing agent containing as an active component a water-dispersible resin composition consisting of about 65% to 95% by weight of water-dispersible urethane compound having at least one epoxy group and at least one quaternary ammonium group and about 5% to 35% by weight of an epoxy resin. The bundle has an excellent fretting resistance, is extremely handleable, and produces a carbon fiber-reinforced composite material having excellent physical properties.

Abstract: Herein disclosed are a toner composition for the development of electrostatic latent images which comprises a polymer obtained by polymerizing a polymerizable monomer or monomers in the presence of a chlorinated polyolefin, and a method for preparing the same.

Abstract: A prepreg for making a composite is disclosed. The prepreg comprising reinforcing fibers impregnated with a resin composition comprising (A) an epoxy resin, (B) a reaction product of an epoxy resin and a butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer having carboxyl groups on at least both terminals of the molecular chain of the copolymer, and (C) 4,4'-diaminodiphenylsulfone as a curing agent. A composite produced by curing this prepreg is high in both tensile elongation and heat resistance and is used with advantage as primary and secondary structural materials in aircraft.

Abstract: An improved ink composition suitable for the formation of thick film resistor inks which can be terminated directly to copper foil conductors. The subject compositions comprise an epoxy resin, conductive carbon particles, a suitable solvent and particulate alumina, wherein the alumina is present in an amount at least equal to the resin content on a weight basis.

Abstract: A carbon fiber coated with 0.3 to 10 wt. % of a polyurethane resin is disclosed. Also disclosed is a carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin composition consisting preferably of 3 to 60 wt. % of such carbon fiber and 97 to 40 wt. % of a thermoplastic matrix resin. Said carbon fiber has increased gathering properties and adhesion strength to facilitate the mixing with the thermoplastic matrix resin and provides a resin molding having improved mechanical properties, especially increased impact strength.

Abstract: High shielding efficiencies to emissions of electromagnetic interference are achieved with molding compositions comprised of thermosetting resins and a multi-component electroconductive filler system. Compounds having a combination of at least two conductive fillers provide shielding efficiencies of 30 dB of attenuation or more to electromagnetic emissions over a frequency range of 0.5 to 1000 Mhz without adversely affecting mechanical properties and processing capabilities.

Abstract: The subject of the invention is a composition designed for production of slide elements and surfaces of machines and equipment, consisting of 100 parts by weight of low-molecular epoxy resin on the basis of epichlorohydrin and dian condensed with 3-15 parts by weight of phenol-formaldehyde resin modified with furfuryl alcohol, 2-15 parts by weight of an organic diluent, 15-100 parts by weight of the known inorganic fillers and, optionally 2-20 parts by weight of a polymeric material of lubricating properties in powder form. The composition is obtained as a result of the condensation of resins at a temperature of 150.degree.-170.degree. C. and the introduction into the post-reaction mixture of organic diluents and inorganic fillers at a temperature of about 100.degree. C. and optionally, the introduction of a polymeric material at a temperature of 50.degree. C.

Abstract: Improved carbon fibers are provided which may be employed in composites to improve the impact resistance thereof. The carbon fibers disclosed are coated with a sizing composition comprised of a blend of an epoxy resin formed by the reaction of epichlorohydrin and p-amino phenol and an acrylonitrile butadiene-styrene (ABS) graft copolymer.