Polymerizing In The Presence Of Water And In The Presence Of A Solid Polymer Derived From Ethylenic Reactants Only Patents (Class 524/458)
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Patent number: 5981642Abstract: Method of grafting a water-soluble organic oligomer(s) to an organic polymer(s) in aqueous latex form, which method comprises forming a water-based mixture of a water-soluble oligomer(s), an aqueous latex of a polymer(s), and at least one free radical polymerisable monomer, both of said oligomer(s) and polymer(s) being preformed, and carrying out free radical polymerisation of said at least one monomer to effect grafting between said oligomer(s) and said polymer(s).Type: GrantFiled: August 5, 1997Date of Patent: November 9, 1999Assignee: Zeneca LimitedInventors: Gerardus Cornelis Overbeek, Alison Dawn Bedells, John Christopher Padget
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Patent number: 5977210Abstract: A process for the preparation of ink compositions comprising the emulsion polymerization of monomer, water, surfactant, and initiator with stirring and heating to provide a latex; mixing therewith a pigment dispersion of pigment particles, water, and cationic surfactant; blending the mixture; thereafter stirring the mixture; and subsequently adding additional anionic surfactant to stabilize the aggregate particles.Type: GrantFiled: January 30, 1995Date of Patent: November 2, 1999Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Raj D. Patel, Marcel P. Breton, Michael A. Hopper, Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz, Beng S. Ong
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Patent number: 5973054Abstract: A method which produces colored minute particles by suspending in an aqueous suspending medium a polymerizable monomer composition obtained by dispersing a coloring agent at least in a polymerizable monomer and polymerizing the resultant suspension is characterized in that the dispersion of the coloring agent in the polymerizable monomer is performed in the presence of a dispersing agent, the polymerizable monomer composition exhibits a viscosity of not more than 300 cP, and the suspension of the polymerizable monomer composition in the aqueous suspending medium exhibits a viscosity of not more than 100 cP. The dispersing agent is at least one resin selected from the group consisting of rosin derivatives, aromatic petroleum resins, pinene type resins, epoxy type resins, cumdrone resins, and styrene-acryl type resins.Type: GrantFiled: August 5, 1997Date of Patent: October 26, 1999Assignee: Nippon Shokubal Co., Ltd.Inventors: Mitsuo Kushino, Nobuaki Urashima, Makoto Matsumoto, Tatsuhito Matsuda, Kazuhiro Anan
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Patent number: 5969030Abstract: The present invention is a waterborne coating composition comprising a hydrophobically modified emulsion polymer and a process therefore. The emulsion polymer is formed by first combining hydrophobic polymeric compound and .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated monomer, to form a mixture and subjecting the mixture to high stress techniques to form surfactant stabilized particles of the hydrophobic polymer and monomers, in the aqueous phase. The .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated groups within the particles are co-polymerized to form a hydrophobically modified core polymer. Additional monomers including at least one .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated hydrophilic monomer are then added to the core polymer and polymerized by emulsion polymerization, to form a hydrophobically modified emulsion polymer. To form a coating composition, additional components such as pigments, crosslinkers, plasticizers and solvents are added. The coating is applied to a substrate to form a coated article.Type: GrantFiled: July 24, 1995Date of Patent: October 19, 1999Assignee: BASF CorporationInventor: Sunitha Grandhee
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Patent number: 5969031Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing polymer composites. The method includes providing a mixture of concentrated emulsions and polymerizing the mixture of concentrated emulsions under conditions effective to form a polymer composite. The mixture of concentrated emulsions includes either a divinyl-terminated macromonomer and a first partially polymerized concentrated emulsion of a first monomer or a first partially copolymerized concentrated emulsion of a divinyl-terminated macromonomer and a first monomer. The mixture of concentrated emulsions further includes either a second partially polymerized concentrated emulsion of a second monomer or a second partially copolymerized concentrated emulsion of a divinyl-terminated macromonomer and a second monomer. Using the methods of the present invention, polymer blends and/or polymer networks containing compatibilizers can be produced.Type: GrantFiled: September 11, 1997Date of Patent: October 19, 1999Assignee: The Research Foundation of State University of New YorkInventors: Eli Ruckenstein, Hangquan Li
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Patent number: 5965656Abstract: An aqueous emulsion having distinguished water- and oil-repellency and quite free from any organic solvent is prepared by emulsion polymerization of a polyfluoroalkyl group-containing (meth)acrylic acid ester and stearyl (meth)acrylate at a pH condition of 2 to 5.5 in the presence of a betaine type emulsifier or an alkylamine oxide type emulsifier and a nonionic emulsifier.Type: GrantFiled: February 26, 1999Date of Patent: October 12, 1999Assignee: Nippon Mektron, LimitedInventors: Kazuhiro Yamamoto, Yuzuru Ishida
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Patent number: 5962554Abstract: Polymers composed of at least >80% by weight of monomers of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkyl,R.sup.4 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl andX is 0 or NH,are used as assistants in the drying of aqueous polymer dispersions and, in the case of a weight average relative molecular weight of from 5000 to 35,000, additionally as protective colloid for the preparation of aqueous polymer dispersions by the free radical aqueous emulsion polymerization method.Type: GrantFiled: October 18, 1996Date of Patent: October 5, 1999Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Joachim Pakusch, Bernhard Schuler, Walter Machtle, Roland Baumstark
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Patent number: 5958586Abstract: Improved monodisperse spheroidal particle latices of vinyl chloride polymers, e.g., having particle sizes ranging from 0.17 to 0.8 .mu.m or from 0.5 to 1.2 .mu.m, are produced by aqueous emulsion polymerization of vinyl chloride monomer, whether in a single stage or in two stages, in the absence of surface-active agent, in the presence of at least 0.2% by weight of at least one water-soluble alkali metal or ammonium persulfate initiator, and also in the presence of at least one water-soluble auxiliary compound that is a solvent for vinyl chloride, in such amount that the solubility of vinyl chloride in the aqueous phase at 25.degree. C. at atmospheric pressure is at least 1.5 g/l.Type: GrantFiled: June 5, 1995Date of Patent: September 28, 1999Assignee: Elf Atochem S.A.Inventors: Jacques Grossoleil, Patrick Kappler, Nicolas Krantz
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Patent number: 5959029Abstract: The invention relates to a chemical composition containing a) a copolymer based on styrene and/or at least one alkyl (meth)acrylate, the quantity of styrene and/or alkyl (meth)acrylate being .gtoreq.50% by weight, based on the total monomers, and at least one further comonomer, and b) a water-soluble polymeric protective colloid, wherein about 2 to 30 parts per weight of the water-soluble polymeric protective colloid are allotted to 100 parts by weight of the copolymer, and c) optional further additives as required. The copolymer contains appoximately 0.1 to 50% by weight units of an epoxide-group-containing ethylenically unsaturated comonomer. Such units show reactive epoxide groups. The invention relates further to an aqueous polymer dispersion of said chemical composition, the production of same and a special method for obtaining the chemical composition from the polymer dispersion and special applications of the aqueous polymer dispersion and the chemical composition.Type: GrantFiled: August 18, 1997Date of Patent: September 28, 1999Assignee: National Starch and Chemical Investment Holding CorporationInventors: Robert Koelliker, Harald Bachler
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Patent number: 5925704Abstract: Aqueous, highly concentrated rubber dispersions, containing a reinforcing multiphase polymer dispersion comprising 60 to 95% by weight of aromatic monovinyl compounds and 40 to 5% by weight of aliphatic conjugated dienes having 4 to 9 carbon atoms, the particles of the reinforcing component consisting ofa) 20 to 75% by weight of a hard inner phase having a glass transition temperature above 70.degree. C., consisting of 90 to 100% by weight of aromatic monovinyl compounds and 10 to 0% by weight of aliphatic conjugated dienes having 4 to 9 carbon atoms,b) 78 to 15% by weight of a soft outer phase having a glass transition temperature below 20.degree. C., consisting of 30 to 70% by weight of aromatic monovinyl compounds and 70 to 30% by weight of aliphatic conjugated dienes having 4 to 9 carbon atoms, andc) 2 to 10% by weight of transition regions between these phases, whose copolymer compositions are between those of the hard and of the soft phases.Type: GrantFiled: June 27, 1996Date of Patent: July 20, 1999Assignee: Polymer Latex GmbH & Co. KGInventors: Thomas Sauer, Wolfgang Eck
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Patent number: 5919854Abstract: Aqueous dispersions of cationic water-soluble polymers are provided, as well as processes for making and methods of using the same.Type: GrantFiled: October 3, 1996Date of Patent: July 6, 1999Assignee: Cytec Technology Corp.Inventors: Sun-Yi Huang, Louis Rosati, Joseph J. Kozakiewicz
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Patent number: 5916948Abstract: An aqueous coating composition using an aqueous resin composition which is a polymer obtained by causing the chlorinated polyolefin resin particles in an aqueous dispersion fluid dispersively containing chlorinated polyolefin resin particles at a chlorination of 10-50% by weight by means of polymerizable monomers, then polymerizing these polymerizable monomers, wherein the ratio of chlorinated polyolefin resin particles/polymerizable monomers is 5-50% by weight/95-50% by weight. This aqueous coating composition is exceptional with regard to adhesion to polyolefin base materials, smoothness and uniformity of the coating film, and storage stability as a coating composition.Type: GrantFiled: March 12, 1997Date of Patent: June 29, 1999Assignee: Fujikura Kasei Co., Ltd.Inventor: Shuji Kimura
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Patent number: 5912280Abstract: Water-fastness of inks containing pigment and a polymeric dispersant is improved by the addition of core-shell or tetrafluoroethylene emulsion polymers. The printed ink images exhibit improved resistance to smudge or smear when handled or marked with highlight pens.Type: GrantFiled: December 27, 1996Date of Patent: June 15, 1999Assignee: E. I. du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventors: Waifong Liew Anton, Milan Bohuslav Bednarek, Edward George Howard, Jr., Kathryn Amy Pearlstine, Soodebeh Tronson
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Patent number: 5900445Abstract: An erasable ink composition contains a water-insoluble polymeric dye obtained by copolymerizing ethylenically unsaturated monomers at least one of which possesses a dye moiety covalently bonded thereto. The ink is intended for use in any of a variety of marking instruments, in particular, a ball-point pen.Type: GrantFiled: May 20, 1996Date of Patent: May 4, 1999Assignee: BIC CorporationInventors: Wayne A. Chandler, David C. Villiger, Aiying Wang, Jeffery H. Banning, Barry W. Chadwick
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Patent number: 5889101Abstract: An aqueous polymer emulsion obtainable by free radical polymerization of monomers in aqueous emulsion in the presence of a polymeric protective colloid contains, as components,from 5 to 50% by weight of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer having at least one acid or acid anhydride group (monomers I),from 0.1 to 80% by weight of at least one (meth)acrylate of an aliphatic alcohol of at least 10 carbon atoms (monomers II),from 0 to 94.9% by weight of main monomers selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl (meth)acrylates, vinyl esters of carboxylic acids of up to 20 carbon atoms, vinyl aromatics of up to 20 carbon atoms, ethylenically unsaturated nitriles, vinyl halides and aliphatic hydrocarbons having 2 to 8 carbon atoms and 1 or 2 double bonds (monomers III) andfrom 0 to 60% by weight of further monomers (monomers IV),the stated weights being based on the polymeric protective colloid.Type: GrantFiled: February 6, 1996Date of Patent: March 30, 1999Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Bernhard Schlarb, Eberhard Schupp, Maria Gyopar Rau, Gunther Schulz, Harm Wiese
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Patent number: 5886079Abstract: Polymer fine particles are obtained by emulsion-polymerizing one or more monomers having a carboxylate group represented by the following formula and an unsaturated group that is radical polymerizable:--COO.sup.- X.sup.+ (I)wherein in the formula (I), X.sup.+ is one species selected from the group consisting of monovalent metal ion, ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 to R.sub.5 may be the same or different, representing hydrocarbon groups having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 4 respectively. Alternatively, polymer fine particles may be obtained by performing emulsion polymerization in the presence of a compound containing the foregoing carboxylate group. In the obtained polymer fine particles, the carboxylate group is incorporated into surfaces of the fine particles by the aid of covalent bond or physical adsorption. Metallic parts such as those contained in a printer are not corroded owing to the presence of the carboxylate group on the surfaces of the fine particles.Type: GrantFiled: November 27, 1996Date of Patent: March 23, 1999Assignee: Hitachi Maxell, Ltd.Inventors: Shouji Saibara, Kouji Takazawa
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Patent number: 5883176Abstract: Conductive polymeric particles can be formed by mixing a monomer, carbon black and a block copolymer, wherein the block copolymer contains an A block that is miscible with said monomer and a B block that anchors to the surface of the carbon black, such as polystyrene or a derivative of polystyrene. A polymerization initiator is added to the mixture and bulk polymerization is effected until about 5 to about 30 weight percent of the monomer has been polymerized. This partially polymerized product is then dispersed in water and further polymerized.Type: GrantFiled: May 27, 1997Date of Patent: March 16, 1999Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Paul J. Gerroir, Nancy Ann Listigovers, Michael F. Cunningham, Thomas E. Enright, John A. Creatura
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Patent number: 5882783Abstract: Silver halide photographic material comprising finely divided solid spherical polymer beads having an average particle size between about 0.1 and about 10 .mu.m and having a glass transition temperature of at least 40.degree. C. The polymer beads are prepared by a one step reaction in an aqueous reaction medium whereby the polymer beads are formed by the simultaneous reaction of1) a silane monomer comprising an .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated group,2) at least one .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated monomer, different from the silane monomer, capable of forming a polymer that is soluble in the monomer(s) present in the aqueous solvent mixture but which is insoluble in water,3) a free radical-forming polymerization initiator that is soluble in the aqueous solvent mixture, and4) a graft-polymerizable polymer containing hydrophilic groups, and capable of forming a graft polymer that remains soluble in the aqueous reaction mixture.Type: GrantFiled: October 23, 1997Date of Patent: March 16, 1999Assignee: AGFA-Gevaert, N.V.Inventors: Daniel Timmerman, Ronny De Clercq, Geert Defieuw, Wolfgang Podszun, Rainer Brandt
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Patent number: 5883175Abstract: A stainproofing composition having water- and oil-repellency, containing a polymer emulsion prepared by dissolving at least one polyfluoroalkyl group-containing compound selected from the group consisting of a polyfluoroalkyl group-containing (meth)acrylate polymer, a polyfluoroalkyl group-containing polyester, a polyfluoroalkyl group-containing maleate and a polyfluoroalkyl group-containing fumarate in at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of a (meth)acrylate ester, a vinyl ester, a styrene compound and vinylidene chloride, vinyl chloride, emulsifying the resultant solution in water to prepare an oil-in-water emulsion, and polymerizing the emulsion exhibits excellent water- and oil-repellency and stainproof properties. It is also superior in sedimentation stability of the emulsion.Type: GrantFiled: March 5, 1997Date of Patent: March 16, 1999Assignee: Daikin Industries Ltd.Inventors: Motonobu Kubo, Masamichi Morita, Hiroko Ogisu, Takashi Enomoto, Akihiko Ueda
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Patent number: 5863646Abstract: A liquid coating composition, comprising (a) from about 5 to 100 percent of resin solids of a mixture of (i) a substantially saturated polyhydroxylated polydiene polymer, having terminal hydroxyl groups, and (ii) a chlorinated polyolefin, wherein the weight of the polydiene polymer is between about 5 and 95 percent of the total weight of the mixture of polyhydroxylated polydiene polymer and chlorinated polyolefin; (b) about 0 to about 95 percent by weight of resin solids of a film forming polymer selected from liquid and carrier-reducible film forming polymers; and (c) a carrier material. The liquid coating composition can be solvent-based or aqueous based and can additionally contain at least on pigment. The liquid coating composition can be coated onto plastic substrates to improve the adhesion of subsequently applied coatings and to substantially improve the solvent resistance, especially to gasoline, of the finally coated plastic part.Type: GrantFiled: March 25, 1996Date of Patent: January 26, 1999Assignee: PPG Industries, Inc.Inventors: Christopher A. Verardi, Lawrence D. Meyers, William A. Humphrey
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Patent number: 5859111Abstract: A process is described for preparing aqueous polymeric dispersions of a dispersion of an interpenetrated polymer of a hydrophobic polyurethane and a polymer prepared from ethylenically unsaturated monomers, and optionally a dispersion of another monomer that will enhance the performance of the interpenetrated polymer.Type: GrantFiled: December 18, 1996Date of Patent: January 12, 1999Assignee: National Starch and Chemical Investment Holding CorporationInventors: Pravin K. Kukkala, Andrew J. Kielbania, Osamu Futakuchi
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Patent number: 5859112Abstract: Process for making organic solvent-free aqueous crosslinkable polymer composition comprising: a) preparing an aqueous solution of an acid-functional olgiomer with Tg below 50.degree. C. and having crosslinker functional groups; b) conducting an aqueous emulsion polymerisation to make an aqueous emulsion of an olefinic hydrophobic polymer in the presence of the aqueous oligomer solution, the hydrophobic polymer having Tg at least 25.degree. C. higher than that of the oligomer and optionally crosslinker functional groups, and c) combining with a crosslinking agent reactable with the crosslinker groups of the oligomer and polymer, said composition having Koenig hardness of .gtoreq.40 sec and minimum film forming temperature (MFFT).ltoreq.55.degree. C. Also the aqueous composition so formed and its use in various applications. The aqueous composition has excellent properties and in particular an advantageous balance of MFFT and Koenig hardness.Type: GrantFiled: November 1, 1996Date of Patent: January 12, 1999Assignees: Zeneca Resins B.V., Zeneca LimitedInventors: Gerardus Cornelis Overbeek, Yvonne Wilhelmina Smak, Alfred Jean Paul Buckmann, John Christopher Padget
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Patent number: 5852095Abstract: Disclosed is an aqueous, silicone-modified acrylate polymer emulsion, which is an acrylate polymer emulsion produced by subjecting a monomer system (A) comprising an acrylate monomer selected from the group consisting of an acrylic ester, a methacrylic ester and a mixture thereof to emulsion polymerization in an aqueous medium in the presence of emulsifier (B) selected from the group consisting of a sulfonic acid group-containing ethylenically unsaturated monomer, a sulfonate group-containing ethylenically unsaturated monomer, and a mixture thereof, wherein the acrylate polymer emulsion is silicone-modified using a specific, silicone structure-containing modifier (C) during or after the emulsion polymerization.Type: GrantFiled: July 10, 1996Date of Patent: December 22, 1998Assignee: Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Toyoaki Yamauchi, Yasuyuki Kamiyama
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Patent number: 5852073Abstract: An erasable ink composition contains a dispersion of solid particles of water-insoluble polymer-encapsulated colorant obtained from the emulsion polymerization of at least one emulsion-polymerizable monomer in the presence of solid colorant particles. The ink is intended for use in any of a variety of marking instruments, in particular, a ball-point pen.Type: GrantFiled: May 20, 1996Date of Patent: December 22, 1998Assignee: Bic CorporationInventors: David C. Villiger, Aiying Wang, Jeffery H. Banning, Wayne A. Chandler, Barry W. Chadwick
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Patent number: 5849837Abstract: A latex comprising a free radically polymerized product, said product comprising at least two ethylenically unsaturated monomers, at least one of said monomers having an isocyanate group which is sterically hindered or blocked and at least one other of said ethylenically unsaturated monomers being free of isocyanate functional groups, in an aqueous emulsion in the presence of a free-radical polymerization catalyst, in a manner such that the sterically hindered or blocked isocyanate groups distribute in the outer layer of the latex particle and the method of making such.Type: GrantFiled: October 13, 1997Date of Patent: December 15, 1998Assignee: H. B. Fuller Licensing & Financing, Inc.Inventors: Yi Wei, Wayne P. Miller, Catherine A. Wenz
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Patent number: 5840804Abstract: A method of producing low-viscosity water-based water-soluble polymer dispersions having a high concentration of the principal substance is achieved by polymerizing the following monomer components,(a1) 50-99.999 wt. % of at least one water-soluble monomer;(a2) 0.001-1 wt. % of at least one crosslinking monomer with at least two ethylenically unsaturated radically polymerizable groups;(a3) 0-30 wt. %, particularly 1-25 wt. %, of at least one hydrophobic monomer; and(a4) 0-25 wt. %, particularly 0.1-15 wt. %, of at least one amphiphilic monomer,in aqueous solution, in the presence of at least one polymer dispersant, to form a polymer (A), where the sum of the amounts of the components represented by the monomers (a1), (a2), (a3), and (a4) is 100 wt. % of the monomers, the weight average molecular weight of the resulting polymer (A) is at least 500,000 Dalton, and polymer (A) is incompatible with the dispersant.Type: GrantFiled: March 13, 1997Date of Patent: November 24, 1998Assignee: Roehm GmbH Chemische FabrikInventors: Joachim Carl, Peter Quis, Manfred Braum, Wolfram Desch
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Patent number: 5821298Abstract: Incorporating highly ethoxylated molecules into the traditional aqueous wax emulsion results in significant improvement in formulation compatibility between the aqueous wax emulsion and the water borne urethane dispersions as evidenced by the increase in formulation clarity and stabilityType: GrantFiled: February 20, 1996Date of Patent: October 13, 1998Inventors: Michael A. Reynolds, Lawrence P. Novack
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Patent number: 5817370Abstract: Water dilutable binders, prepared by subjecting to free radical polymerization(A) from 20 to 90% by weight of a mixture of(a1) from 3 to 50% by weight of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or a mixture of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, and(a2) from 50 to 97% by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer or a mixture of ethylenically unsaturated monomers,in the presence of(B) from 9.9 to 79.9% by weight of a halogen-free polyolefin free from maleic anhydride groups, or a mixture of halogen-free polyolefins free from maleic anhydride groups, and(C) from 0.1 to 10% by weight of a free radical initiator or a mixture of free radical initiatorsand, after neutralization of at least 20% of the carboxyl groups contained in the resulting polymerization product, dispersing the polymerization product in water, the sum of the percentages by weight of components (A), (B) and (C) and (a1) and (a2) in each case always being 100% by weight.Type: GrantFiled: December 9, 1996Date of Patent: October 6, 1998Assignee: BASF Lacke + Farben, AGInventors: Horst Hinzte-Bruning, Harald Borgholte, Hans-Josef Oslowski, Albin Berger, Michael-Wolfgang Muller
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Patent number: 5804632Abstract: Process for the production of an aqueous polymer emulsion which process comprises:a) preparing a low molecular weight polymer containing acid-functional groups using a free-radical polymerisation process which employs a free-radical initiator and, for the purpose of controlling molecular weight, a transition metal chelate complex, wherein said low molecular weight polymer has a number average molecular weight within the range of from 500 to 50,000;b) conducting an aqueous emulsion polymerisation process to form an aqueous emulsion of a hydrophobic polymer from at least one olefinically unsaturated monomer, wherein the low molecular weight polymer of step a) is introduced to the aqueous medium of said emulsion polymerisation process before the start of and/or during said emulsion polymerisation process and becomes dissolved or dispersed in said aqueous medium.Type: GrantFiled: January 29, 1996Date of Patent: September 8, 1998Assignees: Zeneca Limited, Zeneca Resins BVInventors: David Mark Haddleton, John Christopher Padget, Gerardus Cornelis Overbeek
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Patent number: 5798406Abstract: This fluorinated (meth)acrylic latex consists of a dispersion of particles or of a mixture of dispersions of particles, these dispersions being obtained by emulsion polymerization in an aqueous medium, in at least one stage, wherein one more perfluorinated monomer(s) of formula (I) has/have been used as sole fluorinated comonomer(s) for the formation of the particles, and which is/are distributed statistically in particles formed in one stage or distributed statistically in the shell of structured particles of the core-shell or core-intermediate layer(s)-shell type resulting from a polymerization in two stages and in more than two stages, respectively, the said latex consisting of a dispersion of the said structured particles or of a mixture of at least one dispersion of the said fluorinated structured particles and/or at least one dispersion of the said fluorinated statistical particles and at least one dispersion of unfluorinated statistical particles, the monomer or monomers of formula (I) representing lesType: GrantFiled: October 18, 1995Date of Patent: August 25, 1998Assignee: Elf Atochem S.A.Inventors: Bruno Feret, Laure Sarrazin, Didier Vanhoye
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Patent number: 5770303Abstract: A latex binder composition comprises occluded composite particles containing at least a vinyl ester homopolymer or a copolymer thereof polymerized from acrylate and/or ethylene monomers, and a polymer polymerized from conjugated diene and/or vinyl substituted aromatic monomers and desirably unsaturated carboxylic acid monomers. The occluded composite particles are produced in the absence of crosslinking agents by first polymerizing the vinyl esters and optional acrylate and/or ethylene monomers, and subsequently in situ polymerizing the conjugated diene and/or vinyl substituted aromatic, etc., monomers in the presence of the vinyl ester latex particles. The occluded composite-particle latex contains phase separated domains which are neither a core-shell nor an inverted core-shell particle and provide properties which are superior to physical blends of the two classes of polymers when utilized as binders in paper coating formulations.Type: GrantFiled: January 5, 1996Date of Patent: June 23, 1998Assignee: GenCorp Inc.Inventors: Raymond J. Weinert, Satish C. Sharma, John P. Kovalchin, David M. Lee, Nick G. Triantafillopoulos, Ira John Westerman
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Patent number: 5763521Abstract: An aqueous polymer dispersion is prepared by free radical aqueous emulsion polymerization of a mixture of monomers having at least one ethylenically unsaturated group, which comprises at least 30% by weight of monomers having two conjugated ethylenically unsaturated double bonds, by a process in which the polymerization temperature is varied in the course of the free radical aqueous emulsion polymerization.Type: GrantFiled: December 4, 1996Date of Patent: June 9, 1998Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Peter Claassen, Onno Graalmann, Wolfgang Alois Hormuth, Marinus Visseren
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Patent number: 5756561Abstract: An erasable ink composition contains a water-insoluble polymeric dye obtained by the graft polymerization of a preformed water-insoluble polymer with a dye monomer possessing at least one ethylenically unsaturated site. The ink is intended for use in any of a variety of marking instruments, in particular, a ball-point pen.Type: GrantFiled: June 4, 1996Date of Patent: May 26, 1998Assignee: BIC CorporationInventors: Aiying Wang, Jeffery H. Banning, Wayne A. Chandler, David C. Villiger, Barry W. Chadwick
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Patent number: 5756573Abstract: A seed polymerized latex polymer having a gradient polymeric morphology surrounding a latex seed core having a number average core size in the range from about 20 nanometers to about 60 nanometers is described. Also described is the process for preparing the seed polymerized latex polymer having a gradient polymeric morphology.Type: GrantFiled: October 5, 1995Date of Patent: May 26, 1998Assignee: SC Johnson Commerical Markets, Inc.Inventors: David L. Trumbo, John Biale
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Patent number: 5756574Abstract: A process for the preparation of an aqueous polymer emulsion, in which an aqueous emulsion of a polymer which contains at least one chemically bonded monomer having at least one ethylenically unsaturated group is produced in a manner known per se so that the total content of free monomers having at least one ethylenically unsaturated double bond, ie. monomers of this type which are not chemically bonded, in the aqueous polymer emulsion is from >0 to .ltoreq.1% by weight, based on the polymer content of the aqueous polymer emulsion, and this residual monomer content is then reduced by the action of a free radical redox initiator system comprising at least one oxidizing agent and at least one reducing agent, wherein the redox initiator system comprises, as the reducing agent, one which is present, in aqueous solution, in at least two tautomeric forms in equilibrium with one another (for example aminoiminomethanesulfinic acid and/or the salts thereof).Type: GrantFiled: April 3, 1997Date of Patent: May 26, 1998Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Roland Baumstark, Robert Rupaner
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Patent number: 5750614Abstract: A process for preparing stable emulsions of polyelectrolytes of high molecular weight as reverse emulsion, in which:the monomers are dissolved in an aqueous phase,an organic phase containing a surface-active agent is prepared,these two phases are mixed to obtain an emulsion of the water-in-oil (W/O) type,the monomers are polymerized,the emulsion is incorporated to obtain a water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion, so as to make the polyacrylamide obtained water-soluble, which consists in adding to the aqueous phase a soluble polymer of low molecular weight, of the same general chemical nature and of the same ionic nature as the polyelectrolyte of high molecular weight which is envisaged.Envisaged application: preparation of polyacrylamide for flocculation and/or thickening applications (urban and industrial water treatments, papermaking).Type: GrantFiled: December 1, 1995Date of Patent: May 12, 1998Assignee: S.N.F.Inventors: Rene Hund, Sebastien Georges
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Patent number: 5747577Abstract: Conductive polymeric particles can be formed by mixing a monomer, carbon black and a block copolymer, wherein the block copolymer contains an A block that is miscible with said monomer and a B block that anchors to the surface of the carbon black, such as polystyrene or a derivative of polystyrene. A polymerization initiator is added to the mixture and bulk polymerization is effected until about 5 to about 30 weight percent of the monomer has been polymerized. This partially polymerized product is then dispersed in water and further polymerized.Type: GrantFiled: December 27, 1995Date of Patent: May 5, 1998Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Paul J. Gerroir, Nancy Ann Listigovers, Michael F. Cunningham, Thomas E. Enright, John A. Creatura
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Patent number: 5741845Abstract: The invention concerns a process for the production of block copolymers or aqueous dispersions and emulsions thereof, whereby azo macroinitiators are reacted with radical-polymerizable monomers or a mixture of several radical-polymerizable monomers. The azo macroinitiators are obtained by reacting simple reactive azo compounds with prepolymers with a molecular weight between 400 and 20000, which possess at least 2 functional groups, e.g. polyurethanes or polyesters.The aqueous block copolymer dispersions and emulsions produced according to the invention are suitable for use for the production of paints, adhesives etc.Type: GrantFiled: June 7, 1995Date of Patent: April 21, 1998Assignee: Dainippon Ink & Chemicals Inc.Inventors: Rainer B. Frings, Shigeru Komazaki, Gerwald F. Grahe
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Patent number: 5739196Abstract: The present invention relates to latex compositions having desirable wet adhesion and other rheological properties. The processes of the invention allow for preparation of a first polymer which, upon addition of a base or neutralizing agent, substantially dissolves the first polymer, thereby providing a medium for polymerization of a second polymer, stabilizing the second polymer and acting as a dispersant for other coating composition components such as pigments, coalescents, fillers and the like.Type: GrantFiled: November 30, 1995Date of Patent: April 14, 1998Assignee: Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology CorporationInventors: Richard Duane Jenkins, Victor Vincent Kaminski, III, William Charles Arney, Jr., David Robinson Bassett
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Patent number: 5739195Abstract: An aqueous solution of poly(N-vinyl-.di-elect cons.-caprolactam) is prepared by polymerizing N-vinyl-.di-elect cons.-caprolactam in an aqueous medium in the presence of a polymerization initiator and from 0.1 to 20% by weight, based on the monomer used, of a water-soluble polymeric protective colloid and is useful as a textile printing adhesive, as a raw material for adhesives, as a lubricant additive, as a cosmetic formulation aid, as a detergent additive and as an opacifier in automatic shading systems.Type: GrantFiled: March 28, 1997Date of Patent: April 14, 1998Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Jorg Kroker, Reinhard Schneider, Eberhard Schupp, Michael Kerber
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Patent number: 5731368Abstract: Aqueous dispersions of vinyl polymers are disclosed. The polymers are copolymers of a vinyl halide, a vinyl ester, e.g., vinyl acetate, and a poly(alkylene glycol)-based macromonomer, e.g., poly(ethylene glycol)-maleic anhydride. Also disclosed are processes for the preparation of the aqueous dispersions which comprise forming the copolymer by solution polymerization, converting the dissolved polymer into an aqueous dispersion and removing the solvent from the aqueous dispersion.Type: GrantFiled: September 1, 1995Date of Patent: March 24, 1998Assignee: Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology CorporationInventors: James Preston Stanley, Eric Jay Nagel, Richard Jude Burns, Walter Paul Mayer, Steven Nicholas Semerak
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Patent number: 5726259Abstract: A bimodal latex having high printing strength, reduced residue and a controlled polymer gel content which can be utilized for paper coating compositions and to a process for making the bimodal latex. The high strength bimodal latex, prepared by emulsion polymerization, includes in polymerized form open chain conjugated diene monomer, alkenyl aromatic monomer and at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer selected from the group consisting of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid and derivatives thereof.Type: GrantFiled: July 12, 1996Date of Patent: March 10, 1998Assignee: GenCorp Inc.Inventors: Peter C. Hayes, Nick Triantafillopoulos
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Patent number: 5726235Abstract: An aqueous coating composition wherein fine grains coated with water soluble resin composed of three monomers are contained in aqueous medium, each of said fine grains are composed of aqueous resin of ethylenically unsaturated monomer and aqueous colloidal silica, which are coexistent each other. Therefore, the aqueous coating composition is superior in not only contamination resistance, but also waterproof and weatherproof. The paint film formed by the above aqueous coating composition is excellent in its strength. Accordingly, this aqueous coating composition is useful for a coating base of exterior type coating material.Type: GrantFiled: April 14, 1995Date of Patent: March 10, 1998Assignee: National Starch and Chemical Investment Holding CorporationInventors: Motoyuki Takagi, Takeshi Baba
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Patent number: 5714532Abstract: The present invention provides stable epoxy silane emulsions and methods for the preparation of a stable epoxy-silane emulsions comprising: (I) a water insoluble or slightly soluble epoxysilane; (II) an emulsifier; (III) water; and (IV) a water dispersible polymer containing a functional group with an active hydrogen. Also provided are two part systems such that an epoxysilane emulsion comprising components (I)-(III) are combined and the component (IV) may be added upon use of components (I) to (III). Moreover, additional components (V), such as catalysts and pH buffers may be added. Said compositions may be used for, among other things, coatings, adhesives and sealants.The water dispersible or slightly soluble epoxy functional silane for use herein are of the general structure R.sup.1.sub.a R.sup.2.sub.b Si(OR.sup.3).sub.4-a-b where R.sup.1 is an epoxy substituted alkyl or aralkyl group, where the alkyl may have from four to thirty carbon atoms, R.sup.Type: GrantFiled: November 7, 1996Date of Patent: February 3, 1998Assignee: Osi Specialties, Inc.Inventors: Frederick D. Osterholtz, Eric R. Pohl, Ming J. Chen, Antonio Chaves
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Patent number: 5714539Abstract: A polymeric surfactant comprises the reaction product of ethylentcally unsaturated monomers at least 40 percent by weight of which are acid group containing monomers, including a combination of both acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, at least a portion of the acid groups being neutralized by a base. Also disclosed is an aqueous acrylic latex made by polymerizing a second polymer from ethylenically unsaturated monomers in the presence of said polymeric surfactant, whereby the latex comprises polymeric particles containing two polymers. The latex may be used to advantage in very low V.O.C. coatings that may be spray applied.Type: GrantFiled: October 4, 1993Date of Patent: February 3, 1998Assignee: PPG Industries, Inc.Inventors: Leon Perez, Shanti Swarup, Edward E. McEntire, Lisa E. Jakiela
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Patent number: 5708071Abstract: A storage stable, flowable aqueous dispersion of an amphoteric water-soluble polymer with good handling as well as a method of manufacturing the same are provided. Such an aqueous dispersion can be effectively used for flocculating and/or dehydrating sludge, or for separating and treating oil-containing industrial waste water, as a drainage aid, a retention aid, or recovering substances from white water in the papermaking process. The aqueous dispersion of an amphoteric water-soluble polymer is obtained by polymerizing a mixture of monomers comprising a specific cationic monomer and an anionic monomer as essential components wish stirring in an aqueous salt solution incapable of dissolving the produced polymer and in the presence of a polymer electrolyte dispersant soluble in said aqueous salt solution.Type: GrantFiled: December 12, 1995Date of Patent: January 13, 1998Assignee: Hymo CorporationInventor: Hisao Takeda
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Patent number: 5705553Abstract: Copolymers containing carboxyl groups in aqueous dispersion form or redispersible powder form and their water-soluble salts, based on ethylenically unsaturated and copolymerizable monomers, the macro-molecules of which contain at least 24% by weight of monomer units carrying carboxyl groups prepared, by emulsion copolymerization initiated by free radicals in the presence of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) or polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) dissolved in the aqueous phase and isolation of the copolymers in aqueous dispersion form, and optionally subsequent removal of water by spray drying to obtain redispersible copolymer powders and processes for their preparation and their use as thickeners in aqueous formulations which copolymers, by conversion into their water-soluble salt forms, are useful as thickening agents having a surprisingly advantageous rheology-modifying action in aqueous systems.Type: GrantFiled: November 13, 1995Date of Patent: January 6, 1998Assignee: Hoechst AktiengesellschaftInventor: Rolf Kuropka
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Patent number: 5705554Abstract: A coating composition for use as an overcoat or heat resistant coating having improved heat resistance comprised of an aqueous latex polymer emulsion and a water soluble or water-dispersible resin which containing a sufficient number of either (a) carboxyl groups or (b) carboxyl and amide groups which will form at least one anhydride ring or imide, in the presence of sufficient heat, and release water molecules, with the latex polymer having a particle size of less than about 1600 Angstroms and containing an effective amount of a nitrogen containing volatile base to achieve a pH of greater than about 7.5 to keep the resin solubilized or dispersed.Type: GrantFiled: July 10, 1995Date of Patent: January 6, 1998Assignee: The B.F. Goodrich CompanyInventors: Ti Chou, James Stanley Dodge, George Kletecka
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Patent number: 5700852Abstract: A paper coating composition which comprises as a binder a latex of a copolymer (referred to hereinafter the particle A) consisting of (a) 20 to 80% by weight of an aliphatic conjugated diene monomer unit, (b) 0.5 to 10% by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer unit and (c) 20 to 79.5% by weight of a unit of another monomer copolymerizable with the above components (a) and (b) and having two glass transition points in the range of from -100.degree. C. to 50.degree. C. the difference between the two transition points being at least 5.degree. C.Type: GrantFiled: March 31, 1995Date of Patent: December 23, 1997Assignee: Japan Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd.Inventors: Shin-ichiro Iwanaga, Shigeru Shingae, Takasi Morita, Osamu Ishikawa, Norichika Nojima
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Patent number: 5686518Abstract: An essentially stable monomer miniemulsion characterized by small monomer droplet size is prepared and is then polymerized to a polymer latex under free radical polymerization conditions. The monomer miniemulsions herein include, in addition to water, a surfactant, and a monomer or mixture thereof, one or more polymers which function as a polymeric co-surfactant. The monomer miniemulsions are characterized by average monomer droplet size of 10 to 500 nanometers, preferably 80 to 150 nanometers. The amount of polymer added as a co-surfactant is about 0.5 to about 5 percent by weight based on monomer weight. The monomer emulsion may contain either a single monomer or a monomer mixture. The monomer emulsion is polymerized under conventional emulsion polymerization conditions yielding a polymer latex having an average polymer particle size of 10 to 500 nanometers, preferably 80 to 150 nanometers, and a narrow particle size distribution, i.e., a polydispersity index of about 1.05 to about 1.40.Type: GrantFiled: January 3, 1995Date of Patent: November 11, 1997Assignee: Georgia TechInventors: Kevin J. Fontenot, F. Joseph Schork, Jay L. Reimers