Abstract: The present invention relates to a blend composition and a method for the use of such to improve the adhesion properties of coatings. More particularly, the present invention relates to the use of a polymeric blend containing a macromolecular aqueous dispersion, an acid-functional alkali-soluble resin, and an aminosilane in order to provide adhesion of coatings over difficult surfaces such as chalky substrates.

Abstract: A hot-sealable coated substrate comprising a primer layer from an aqueous poly(meth)acrylate dispersion, comprised of: (A) 50-90 wt. % methacrylic acid esters; (B) 5-30 wt. % acrylic acid alkyl esters [lit., “acrylic acid acrylic esters”]; (C) 2-10 wt. % of another functionalized monomer; (D) 2-10 wt. % of a radically polymerizable carboxylic acid or a polycarboxylic acid or a partially esterified polycarboxylic acid; and (E) 0-40 wt. % of a monomer which is copolymerizable with components (A) to (D).

Abstract: An aqueous dispersion of a particulate high molecular weight water soluble anionic or nonionic polymer is prepared by polymerizing 0-7 mole percent of at least one anionic monomer and 100-93 mole percent of at least one non-ionic monomer under free radical forming conditions in an aqueous solution of a water-soluble salt at a pH greater than 5 in the presence of an anionic water soluble stabilizer polymer containing from about 1.25 to about 20 mole percent 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-l-propanesulfonic acid.

Abstract: Aqueous dispersions of cationic water-soluble polymers are provided, as well as processes for making and methods of using the same. The cationic polymers contain anionic recurring units in amounts that encourage the formation of the aqueous dispersion and/or advantageously reduce the bulk viscosity of the aqueous dispersion.

Abstract: A process for preparing aqueous polymer dispersions comprises first of all subjecting ethylenically unsaturated monomers to free-radical aqueous emulsion polymerization to prepare an aqueous dispersion of a polymer 1 having a glass transition temperature Tg1, then dissolving further, comparatively hard monomers in the dispersed particles of the polymer 1, and subsequently carrying out free-radical polymerization of the monomers dissolved in the particles.

Abstract: In a process for preparing thermoplastic molding compositions by

Abstract: A one-step, in-situ, process for producing a high solids content emulsion or dispersion of partially or totally crosslinked urea formaldehyde or melamine formaldehyde resin droplets or particles, by forming a reaction mixture of (i) aqueous formaldehyde (formalin), (ii) at least one water-soluble protective colloid, (iii) water and (iv) optionally a surfactant, and mixing the reaction mixture in a reaction vessel; optionally adjusting the initial pH of the reaction mixture according to a desired value as needed; adding (a) urea, substituted urea, or a mixture thereof, or (b) melamine, substituted melamine, or a mixture thereof, to the reaction mixture; and heating the reaction mixture to a temperature at which condensation takes place between the (a) urea, substituted urea, or the mixture thereof, or (b) melamine substituted melamine, or the mixture thereof, and the formaldehyde to form a urea formaldehyde or melamine formaldehyde resin, and holding the reaction mixture at that temperature or a higher tempera

Abstract: A method for aqueous bead-type suspension polymerization of (meth)acrylic monomers to prepare non-agglomerating, storage stable (meth)acrylic polymer beads which are extrudable at low temperatures. The invention also relates to the polymer beads and to their use as adhesive, in particular as a pressure sensitive adhesive. The invention also discloses adhesive compositions comprising the polymer beads.

Abstract: Particles of a copolymer of a vinyl arene and a copolymerizable compound containing a polar moiety and a vinyl moiety containing water may be prepared by forming a mixture of monomers and small amounts of water and polymerizing under agitation to 20 to 70% conversion and then suspending the mass in water and finishing the polymerization. The resulting polymer beads contain finely dispersed water which is useful as an environmentally acceptable blowing agent.

Abstract: A latex is prepared by polymerizing a polymerizable monomer having an active methylene group in the presence of a hydrophilic polymer. The hydrophilic polymer comprises an isoprene sulfonic acid or salts thereof as a monomer unit. A sheet material is prepared having a support with a hydrophilic layer containing the latex thereon.

Abstract: A method for producing a highly concentrated aqueous acrylic amide-based polymer dispersion which is inexpensive, good in fluidity and easy to handle is provided. The method comprises polymerizing a water-soluble monomer composition containing an acrylic amide monomer in an aqueous solution of an inorganic salt in the presence of a homopolymer of vinylpyrrolidone and/or a copolymer of vinylpyrrolidone and other monomer(s).

Abstract: A procedure for the production of PVC particles with a narrow size distribution in the range 10-50 &mgr;m, preferably 10-30 &mgr;m, in which, in a first stage, a vinyl monomer or a mixture of monomers is polymerised to form a polymer/oligomer seed particle in the range 1-10 &mgr;m. In a second stage, another vinyl monomer or mixture of monomers is swelled into the polymer/oligomer seed particles and polymerisation takes place in such a way that they grow into polymer particles of the desired size. It is preferable to use aromatic vinyl monomers or acrylates as the monomer in the seed particles. The seed particles in the first stage can be produced in a two-stage swelling process or by dispersion polymerisation.

Abstract: Water-in-water dispersions based on water-soluble polymers can be prepared using a polymer dispersant containing hydrophobic units. The dispersions of the invention are stable on storage and are of low viscosity.

Abstract: A method of preparing a coating or a sealant wherein a class of epoxysilanes; optionally, an emulsifier; water; a polymer containing a functional group with an active hydrogen; and a curing catalyst are mixed together.

Abstract: An aqueous polymer dispersion obtainable by emulsion polymerization of a monomer mixture A) comprising from 50 to 100% by weight of C1-C18 alkyl (meth)acrylates, vinyl esters, vinylaromatic compounds, or mixtures thereof, in the presence of a protective colloid B) composed of b1) from 2 to 40% by weight of ethylenically unsaturated copolymerizable compounds (monomers) having at least one phosphate or phosphonate group b2) from 0 to 98% by weight of C1-C18 alkyl (meth)acrylates, vinyl esters or vinylaromatic compounds b3) from 0 to 50% by weight of further monomers, the amounts by weight being based on the protective colloid.

Abstract: A highly water resistant tackifier resin comprising an acrylic (co)polymer incorporating therein while taking up at least part of a tackifying component as a raw material on or around seed particles of 0.05 to 15 &mgr;m in average particle size having polar groups on their surfaces. The above tackifier resin can be produced by a process comprising the steps of: dispersing a tackifying component as a raw material, an oil-soluble peroxide or oil-soluble azo initiator and an acrylic monomer in an aqueous medium in which seed particles of 0.05 to 15 &mgr;m in average particle size having polar groups at their surfaces are dispersed; and polymerizing the acrylic monomer while at least part of the tackifying component is incorporated in the acrylic (co)polymer on or around the seed particles so that the seed particles grow.

Abstract: This invention relates to the preparation of stable, quaternized vinylpyridine carboxylate homo-, co- and ter-polymers in high yield and purity, which polymers are useful as dye transfer inhibitors and polymers complexable with active agrochemical, pharmaceutical or cosmetic agents for controlled release thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polyurethane-polyacrylate hybrid dispersions comprising A) 20 to 99% by weight, based on resin solids, of a polyurethane wherein i) the polyurethane is rendered hydrophilic by ionic and/or nonionic hydrophilic groups and ii) the polyisocyanate component used to prepare the polyurethane contains an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic polyisocyanate containing allophanate groups, and B) 1 to 80% by weight, based on resin solids) of a polyacrylate polymer, wherein the sum of components A and B is 100%, based on the total weight of A) and B). The present invention also relates to the use of these hybrid dispersions for coating substrates, in particular wood.

Abstract: A process for producing a water-soluble polymer dispersion comprising polymerizing water-soluble monomers having double bonds in an aqueous salt solution that dissolves the monomers but does not dissolve the formed polymer while stirring in the presence of a dispersant composed of a polymer electrolyte soluble in this aqueous salt solution to obtain fine polymer particles dispersed in the aqueous salt solution, characterized by adding at least one viscosity-increase suppressor selected from the group consisting of: (A) a polyvalent carboxylic acid or a salt thereof, (B) a polyvalent phenol, (C) a cyclic compound containing a hydroxyl group and a carboxyl group or a salt thereof, (D) gluconic acid or a salt thereof, (E) a reaction product obtained by reacting methoxyhydroquinone and/or (meth)acrylic cationic monomer with a compound that generates radicals in an oxidizing atmosphere, (F) a reaction product obtained by reacting (meth)acrylic cationic polymer with a compound that generates radicals in an oxidizin

Abstract: The present invention relates to a blend composition and a method for the use of such to improve the adhesion properties of coatings. More particularly, the present invention relates to the use of a polymeric blend containing a macromolecular aqueous dispersion, an acid-functional alkali-soluble resin, and an aminosilane in order to provide adhesion of coatings over difficult surfaces such as chalky substrates.

Abstract: A particulate polymer P having an average particle diameter d50 of from 0.1 to 50 &mgr;m is prepared by a process in which an emulsion E is prepared from one or more monomers M, which are polymerizable by free radical polymerization to give the polymer P, water, and at least one protective colloid PC by the action of high shear forces, and the emulsion E is subjected to polymerization in a reactor with the use of a free radical polymerization initiator RI wherein, based on the emulsion E, not more than 75% by weight of the emulsion E (initially taken portion of E) are initially taken in the reactor at the beginning of the polymerization and at least 25% by weight of the emulsion E (feed portion of E) are not fed to the reactor until after the beginning of the polymerization.

Abstract: Concentrated and low viscosity aqueous dispersions, e.g., opaque emulsions, well suited as flocculants for water treatment, comprise the water-soluble polymerizate of at least one water-soluble hydrophilic monomer A, optionally, at least one amphiphilic comonomer B and/or, also optionally, at least one hydrophobic comonomer C, in the presence of at least one polymeric dispersant incompatible therewith, for example an imidized and salified styrene/maleic anhydride copolymer or poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride).

Abstract: A resin composition, comprising the components of: (a) 10 to 40% by weight of (i) an unsaturated monomer having at least two double bonds which can effect radical polymerization or (ii) a mixture of said unsaturated monomer and an unsaturated monomer copolymerizable with said unsaturated monomer, (b) 50 to 85% by weight of an inorganic filler, (c) 1 to 20% by weight of a cross-linked resin particle, (d) 0.1 to 20% by weight of a resin having a methyl methacrylate unit, and (e) 0.01 to 5% by weight of a radical polymerization initiator, is provided. The resin composition has excellent handling property, generates little odor, and can be easily molded to obtain artificial marble.

Abstract: This invention relates to stable, quaternized vinylpyridine carboxylate co-polymers, useful as dye transfer inhibitors and polymers complexable with active agrochemicals or pharmaceuticals for controlled release thereof, and to a commercial process for the synthesis thereof in high yield and purity.

Abstract: Compositions which act as thermoplastic elastomers are disclosed which have an elastomeric polymer portion and a crystalline polymer portion. Also disclosed is the manufacture of thermoplastic elastomers from tetrafluoroethylene, and selected trifluorovinyl alkyl ethers (and optionally other monomers) by using a free radical polymerization in aqueous medium to produce an elastomeric copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and one or more selected trifluorovinyl alkyl ethers, and thereafter using a free radical polymerization to form a fluorinated crystalline polymer portion. The fluorinated thermoplastic elastomer has excellent physical properties and may be used to make molding such as gaskets and seals.

Abstract: Gels for thermotropic layers, obtainable by irradiating a mixture comprisinga) an uncrosslinked polymer in amounts of less than 5% by weight, based on the sum of a), b) and c),b) monomers which can be polymerized by means of free radicals, andc) water or an organic solvent, or a mixture thereof,with high-energy light.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of manufacturing dispersions of water-sble cationic vinyl polymers which can be used as process aids for separation processes, e.g. as flocculation aids, coagulation agents, retention agents or dehydration accelerators. The dispersions are produced by radical homopolymerization of cationic, hydrophobically modified vinyl monomers or their copolymerization with water-soluble vinyl monomers in aqueous saline solutions. In this respect block copolymers are used as dispersion stabilizers, and which are formed from a cationic vinyl monomer and ethyleneoxide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a one-component system based on coreactive latexes which is able to lead to coatings which are crosslinkable at low temperature and post-crosslinkable by heat treatment, the said system consisting of a mixture of two particle dispersions, (A) and (B), each obtained by aqueous emulsion polymerization of a monomer composition A and B, respectively,(a) at least one free-radically polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomer comprising a functional group ##STR1## where X represents O or S, which enters into the monomer composition A; and(b) at least one free-radically polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomer comprising an N-alkylol or masked N-alkylol functional group which enters into the monomer composition B.

Abstract: The present invention provides stable epoxy silane solutions and emulsions and methods for the preparation of stable epoxy-silane solutions and emulsions comprising: (I) a water insoluble or slightly soluble epoxysilane; (II) optionally, an emulsifier; (III) water; (IV) a water dispersible polymer containing a functional group with an active hydrogen; and (V) a catalyst. Also provided are two part systems such that an epoxysilane solution or emulsion comprising components (I)-(III) are combined and the components (IV) and (V) may be added upon use of components (I) to (III). Moreover, additional components, such as pH buffers may be added. Said compositions may be used for, among other things, coatings, adhesives and sealants. The water epoxy functional silane for use herein are of the general structure R.sup.1.sub.a R.sup.2.sub.b Si(OR.sup.3).sub.4-a-b where R.sup.1 is an epoxy substituted alkyl or aralkyl group, where the alkyl may have from four to thirty carbon atoms, R.sup.

Abstract: Polymer fine particles are obtained by emulsion-polymerizing one or more monomers having a carboxylate group represented by the following formula and an unsaturated group that is radical polymerizable:--COO.sup.- X.sup.+ (I)wherein in the formula (I), X.sup.+ is one species selected from the group consisting of monovalent metal ion, ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 to R.sub.5 may be the same or different, representing hydrocarbon groups having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 4 respectively. Alternatively, polymer fine particles may be obtained by performing emulsion polymerization in the presence of a compound containing the foregoing carboxylate group. In the obtained polymer fine particles, the carboxylate group is incorporated into surfaces of the fine particles by the aid of covalent bond or physical adsorption. Metallic parts such as those contained in a printer are not corroded owing to the presence of the carboxylate group on the surfaces of the fine particles.

Abstract: A polymeric material comprising at least first and second polymer parts, which first part has a number average molecular weight higher than that of the second part and which first and second polymer parts each comprise a respective polymer part derived from at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer, is prepared by a process which comprises the steps of (1) preparing, by aqueous suspension polymerisation the first, higher molecular weight polymer part in the presence of a free radical initiator, but in the absence of a chain transfer agent to form a suspension of the first, higher molecular weight part and thereafter (2) preparing by aqueous suspension polymerisation the second, lower molecular weight part, which preparation step (2) is carried out in the presence of the suspension of the first, higher molecular weight part, a free radical initiator and a catalytic chain transfer agent (CCTA).

Abstract: Sizing agents comprised of dispersed synthetic polymers in an aqueous solution are provided, as well as methods for making these sizing agents and methods for using these sizing agents to size paper. Improved sizing is obtained by including recurring units of methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate and/or propyl acrylate in the synthetic polymers.

Abstract: An aqueous aminoplast-curable film-forming composition is disclosed. The aqueous film-forming composition is a crosslinkable composition comprising (1) a material containing a plurality of carbamate and/or urea functional groups and (2) an aminoplast crosslinking agent. The aqueous composition provides a coating with improved acid etch resistance, making the compositions particularly useful as automotive clear coats.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a process for producing dispersions of watsoluble vinyl polymers and a stabilizer for carrying out this process. Such water-soluble, particularly cationic vinyl polymers, are employed on a large scale as process expediters for carrying out, for instance, separating processes in water treatment or waste-water purification, respectively, in the paper, coal and ore industries, in oil production or also in the food stuff industry, among others, for floculation, coagulation, retention or dewatering. According to the present invention, water-soluble vinyl polymers are homo- or copolymerized in the presence of a dispersion stabilizer of the invention. The stabilizer consists of a graft copolymer whose backbone is formed by polyethylene oxide and its grafted branches of cationic vinyl monomers. Among others, cationic, hydrophobically modified vinyl monomers can be advantageously employed.

Abstract: Compositions of precipitated anionic polymers containing mixtures of certain salts as well as processes for making and using the same are disclosed.

Abstract: An aqueous polymer emulsion contains a dispersed polymer A, which is obtainable by free radical aqueous emulsion polymerization of different monomer compositions in two successive stages and has ureido groups, and a polyaldehyde compound.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of aqueous polymer dispersions of low viscosity with polymer volume concentrations of at least 50% by volume, based on the polymer dispersion, by free-radical emulsion polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers, with the exception of vinyl halides and vinylidene halides, in the presence of at least one initiator and at least one initial polymer involves emulsifying the major proportion of the monomers in an aqueous dispersion of the initial polymer and supplying this emulsion continuously to the polymerization reaction.

Abstract: Hydrophilic cationic copolymers of acrylamide are prepared as dispersions in a salt media. These polymers have high molecular weights and are readily activated by diluting in water. These polymers are useful flocculants for such applications as sludge dewatering, raw water clarification aids, emulsion breakers and waste water clarification aids.

Abstract: Novel colloid dispersion mixtures as protective colloid for aqueous emulsion polymerization, processes for preparing them and their use.The present invention relates to novel colloid dispersion mixtures comprising a water-soluble monomer and a water-insoluble comonomer, to processes for their preparation and to their use as protective colloid for emulsion polymerization.

Abstract: An ink for ink jet printing includes particles of an emulsifiable dye-polymer resin dispersed in a liquid vehicle, wherein the emulsifiable dye-polymer resin includes a dye chemically attached to the polymer resin. The polymer resin contains a base chain, such as polyester, having attached thereto hydrophilic groups, such as alkali sulfonated groups, for emulsifying the resin in water. The dye may be attached within the base chain itself, or attached to the base chain as a side chain component.

Abstract: An emulsion polymer comprising as one of its components a graft copolymer of a residual aromatic monomer-free support resin polymer and a vinyl chloride (co)polymer is disclosed. The emulsion polymer is prepared using a two-stage process. In the first stage, a chasing monomer is reacted in the presence of a support resin polymer having at least one aromatic monomer to form an polymer which is free of residual monomer and has monomeric units derived from the aromatic monomer(s). In a second stage, the vinyl chloride emulsion (co)polymer is made in situ in a reaction mixture comprising the polymer which is free of residual monomer. An extensive grafting at the second stage yields a novel water dispersible graft copolymer containing both styrene and vinyl chloride.

Abstract: An emulsion polymerization system comprising a polymeric stabilizer, wherein the polymeric stabilizer comprises one or more alpha olefin/maleic anhydride copolymers and is present in the emulsion polymerization system in an amount greater than 0 and less than 5% by weight.

Abstract: Process for the production of an aqueous polymer emulsion which process comprises:a) preparing a low molecular weight polymer containing acid-functional groups using a free-radical polymerisation process which employs a free-radical initiator and, for the purpose of controlling molecular weight, a transition metal chelate complex, wherein said low molecular weight polymer has a number average molecular weight within the range of from 500 to 50,000;b) conducting an aqueous emulsion polymerisation process to form an aqueous emulsion of a hydrophobic polymer from at least one olefinically unsaturated monomer, wherein the low molecular weight polymer of step a) is introduced to the aqueous medium of said emulsion polymerisation process before the start of and/or during said emulsion polymerisation process and becomes dissolved or dispersed in said aqueous medium.

Abstract: Compositions of precipitated cationic polymers containing mixtures of certain salts as well as processes for making and using the same are disclosed.

Abstract: A sprayable aqueous coating composition for motor vehicles comprising an aqueous dispersion of addition polymer microparticles having a crosslinked core and a non-crosslinked stabilising mantle containing acid groups, characterised in that the crosslinked core comprises: i) a crosslinked inner core of an addition polymer and ii) a crosslinked outer core of addition polymer which is made from at least 10% by weight of monomers having a solubility in water of less than 0.1% by weight ratio of the inner core to the outer core being in the range 10:90 to 90:10.

Abstract: A process for preparing an aqueous dispersion of a cationic fine grain gel, comprising microemulsion polymerizing (polymerizing in microemulsions) an unsaturated monomer M under the presence of a polymer P which contains 30 to 92.5% by mole of a nonionic structure unit (a) and 70 to 7.5% by mole of a quaternary ammonium group-containing structure unit (b), and which contains the specific amount of a specific structure unit (b.sub.1) having a quaternary ammonium group and a polymerizable double bond, and an aqueous dispersion of a cationic fine grain gel obtainable by the process.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved free radical polymerization process for directly producing stable vinylpyridine polymer particles in an aqueous suspension and in a high state of polymer purity by effecting the polymerization in the presence of a water soluble suspension agent selected from the group of polyvinyl lactam, a hydroxy-containing polymer, a polyvinyl alcohol and a mixture thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of a two-coat finish on a substrate surface, in which process a basecoat is employed which contains as binder a polymer which can be obtained by subjecting an ethylenically unsaturated monomer or a mixture of ethylenically unsaturated monomers to free-radical polymerization in an aqueous dispersion of a polyurethane resin which has a number-average molecular weight of from 1000 to 30,000 and contains on average from 0.05 to 1.1 polymerizable double bonds per molecule, and in the presence of a water-insoluble initiator or of a mixture of water-insoluble initiators, the weight ratio of the polyurethane resin to the ethylenically unsaturated monomer or to the mixture of ethylenically unsaturated monomers being between 1:10 and 10:1.

Abstract: A water-absorbent resin dispersion comprising a water-absorbent resin (B) or a hydrous gel thereof dispersed in a liquid or heat-meltable organic active-hydrogen compound (A), wherein said resin (B) is formed by the polymerization of a water-soluble monomer or its precursor and a cross-linker and/or a polysaccharide in the compound (A); and a process for producing a polyurethane resin by the reaction of the dispersion with an organic polyisocyanate compound. As the polyurethane resin is excellent in the capacity and rate of absorption, it is useful as absorbent articles such as paper diaper and sanitary goods, humidity modifiers, cutoff material, and so forth.

Abstract: A process for preparing aqueous polymer dispersions by emulsion polymerization of free-radically polymerizable compounds (monomers) comprises adding, during the polymerization of the monomers, a miniemulsion which is an aqueous, surfactant-stabilized emulsion of monomers whose emulsified droplets have a size of from 10 to 500 nm and which comprises a compound (stabilizer) which is dissolved in the monomers of the droplets and whose solubility in the monomers is at least twice its solubility in water.