Abstract: This invention provides(i) an overcoating agent for heat-sensitive recording materials which contains as an active component an emulsion of a graft copolymer prepared by graft-copolymerizing an acrylamide or methacrylamide as a monomer (A), a methyl acrylate or methacrylate as a monomer (B), an acrylic or methacrylic acid as a monomer (C) and if required, a monomer other than said monomers as a monomer (D) which is copolymerizable therewith onto a polyvinyl alcohol in the presence of a fatty acid ester of sucrose and water, and(ii) an overcoating agent for heat-sensitive recording materials which contains as an active component an emulsion of a graft copolymer prepared by graft-copolymerizing a methyl acrylate or methacrylate as a monomer (E), a lower hydroxyalkyl acrylate or methacryalte as a monomer (F), an acrylic or methacrylic acid as a monomer (G) and if required, a monomer other than said monomers as a monomer (H) which is copolymerizable therewith onto a polyvinyl alcohol in the presence of a fatty ac

Abstract: A water-based adhesive composition comprising a polyvinyl alcohol stabilized vinyl chloride-ethylene copolymer latex and 5-50 wt %, based on copolymer, of a polyisocyanate material. The adhesive composition has improved pot life and is used to prepare wood composites demonstrating improved water resistance.

Abstract: A new stable liquid suspension of water soluble polymer, and a method of preparation are provided. Such compositions comprise of at least an iso-parrafinic oil medium, one styrene/isoprene copolymer, a water soluble polymer and preferably some hydrophobic fumed silica mixed together in the appropriate quantities and conditions.

Abstract: A vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion comprising an aqueous colloidal dispersion of a copolymer containing 65 to 90 wt % vinyl acetate and 10 to 35 wt % ethylene prepared by the emulsion polymerization of the monomers in the presence of a stabilizing system consisting essentially of an 86 to 90 mole % partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol, a 98 to 99+ mole % fully hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol, in a partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol:fully hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol weight ratio from 3:1 to 1:3, and a nonionic polyalkoxylated surfactant.Also disclosed is a carpet backing adhesive composition comprising such a vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, about 0.1 to 3 parts by weight dispersant, about 0.1 to 10 parts by weight thickening agent and between 300 and about 1000 parts by weight filler, all of the components being per 100 parts of the copolymer.

Abstract: A vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion is disclosed, comprising a vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer composed of from 10 to 40% by weight of an ethylene unit and from 90 to 60% by weight of a vinyl acetate unit and an emulsifying dispersant in an amount of from 2.5 parts by weight or more but less than 5.0 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the vinyl acetate unit, and having a mean particle size of not larger than 0.9 .mu.m and a solids content of from 65 to 75% by weight, wherein the emulsifying dispersant contains from 1.0 to 1.9 parts by weight of partially saponified polyvinyl alcohol prepared so as to have an average polymerization degree of from 300 to 1,000 and from 1.0 to 3.0 parts by weight of a polyoxyethylene nonionic surface active agent having an HLB of from 16.5 to 17.5 per 100 parts by weight of the vinyl acetate unit. A process for producing the vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer is also disclosed.

Abstract: Process for preparing a latex of polypyrrole in an aqueous reagent medium containing a ferric salt, a hydrolyzed polyvinyl acetate and a dodecyl sulphate.The films prepared with this conducting latex are homogeneous, adhere to metals and metallized glasses and have high conductivity.

Abstract: A method for producing a matt paint which comprises the steps of choosing a particle size of 1 to 100 .mu.m from exactly spherical acrylic particles colored by pigment, and blending them into a paint vehicle. According to the present invention, a colored film of the matt paint can be formed, and the surface of the film shows a soft feel without stickiness.

Abstract: Vinyl acetate resin emulsion composition produced by the addition of a water soluble compound having alcoholic OH group during emulsion-polymerization or emulsion-copolymerization reaction to vinyl acetate resin emulsion which is obtained by emulsion-polymerization or emulsion-copolymerization of vinyl acetate under the presence of polyvinyl alcohol.

Abstract: A vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion which is about 65-70% solids and has a viscosity of less than about 3,500 is disclosed. The emulsion is prepared by copolymerization of vinyl acetate and ethylene monomers in the presence of a stabilizing system consisting essentially of 2-4 wt %, based on vinyl acetate monomer, of a polyvinyl alcohol having a 100-600 degree of polymerization and 2-4wt %, based on vinyl acetate monomer, of a surfactant. Such emulsions demonstrate an improved speed of set as an adhesive.

Abstract: Method for the preparation of stable aqueous dispersions of finely divided solid spherical polymer beads having an average particle size between about 0.5 and about 5 .mu.m and having a glass transition temperature of at least 40.degree. C. by dissolving in an aqueous solvent mixture at least one .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated monomer capable of forming a polymer that is soluble in the monomer(s) present in said aqueous solvent mixture but which is insoluble in said aqueous solvent mixture, a free radical-forming polymerization initiator, and a graft-polymerizable polymer containing hydrophilic groups, heating the solution to a temperature from 50.degree. C. to the reflux temperature thereof with stirring so as to form said polymer beads. The polymer beads can be used in an antifriction surface layer, an antihalation surface layer, an antistatic surface layer, or in a protective surface layer of a photographic element or in a top layer of a drafting film containing a photosensitive layer.

Abstract: Polymerization of acrylic or methacrylic acid and a water-soluble acrylic or methacrylic acid salt in the presence of a carboxyl group-containing polyvinyl alcohol resin gives highly water-absorbing resins with the water absorbency, water absorption rate, water insolubility and other characteristics well balanced therein.

Abstract: Aqueous emulsions of crosslinkable polyaddition organopolysiloxane compositions, well adapted for the thin layer coating of flexible substrates to impart water-repellency and nonadherency thereto, comprise a first aqueous emulsion A including end-vinylated polysiloxanes, a vinylated cyclotrisiloxane, a hydroorganodiorganopolysiloxane, a polyvinyl alcohol and a polyalkylene glycol alkyl ether or alkylphenyl ether, and a second aqueous emulsion B which comprises a catalytically effective amount of a platinum group metal catalyst.

Abstract: Screen emulsions in accordance with the present invention include a poly vinyl alcohol and poly vinyl acetate or a poly vinyl acetate copolymer emulsified in water along with appropriate amounts of diacetone acrylamide and an acrylic monomer. The emulsions preferably also include a cyclic amide, phthalate plasticizers, an initiator of monomer polymerization and a thermal stabilizer. The emulsions are intended to be admixed with a photosensitive free radical-generating compound that initiates cross-linking of the polymeric components and then applied to a mesh or screen. The screen is overlaid with an obliterating material, exposed to light and then washed to remove non-exposed emulsion. The resulting screen can be used without further hardening with both water- and solvent-based inks, and the film can be removed with emulsion-removing chemicals to permit reuse of the screen.

Abstract: The polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based gel of the invention is reversibly hydrated so that the gel after complete drying can again absorb water to regain the highly elastic gel-like form. Such a reversibly hydrated PVA-base gel can be prepared by impregnating a hydrated gel of PVA with an ethylenically unsaturated, water-soluble ionic monomer together with or without a free-radical polymerization initiator and bringing the thus monomer-impregnated PVA gel under conditions to cause in situ polymerization of the monomer, e.g., by heating or irradiating with actinic rays such as ultraviolet light.

Abstract: An aqueous copolymer emulsion comprising a copolymer consisting essentially of vinyl chloride, ethylene and up to 10 wt % hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate colloidally dispersed in an aqueous medium. The copolymer demonstrates improved solvent resistance and metal adhesion, especially to low energy films.

Abstract: A vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion comprising an aqueous colloidal dispersion of a copolymer containing 65 to 90 wt % vinyl acetate and 10 to 35 wt % ethylene prepared by the emulsion polymerization of the monomers in the presence of a stabilizing system consisting essentially of an 86 to 90 mole % partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol, a 98 to 99+ mole % fully hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol, in a partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol:fully hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol weight ratio from 3:1 to 1:3, and a nonionic polyalkoxylated surfactant.Also disclosed is a carpet backing adhesive composition comprising such a vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, about 0.1 to 3 parts by weight dispersant, about 0.1 to 10 parts by weight thickening agent and between 300 and about 1000 parts by weight filler, all of the components being per 100 parts of the copolymer.

Abstract: A metal container coating composition comprising a crosslinking resin and an aqueous polyvinyl alcohol/vinyl chloride-ethylene copolymer emulsion, the copolymer having a Tg from 0.degree. to 50.degree. C., about 65 to 90 wt % vinyl chloride, about 5 to 35 wt % ethylene, 0 to 10 wt % olefinically unsaturated copolymerizable monomer and prepared by emulsion polymerization of vinyl chloride, ethylene and, optionally, an olefinically unsaturated comonomer in the presence of 3 to 15 wt % polyvinyl alcohol as the dispersing agent.

Abstract: A metal container coating composition comprising a crosslinking resin and an aqueous polyvinyl alcohol/vinyl chloride-ethylene copolymer emulsion, the copolymer having a Tg from 0.degree. to 50.degree. C., about 65 to 90 wt. % vinyl chloride, about 5 to 35 wt. % ethylene, 0 to 10 wt. % olefinically unsaturated copolymerizable monomer and prepared by emulsion polymerization of vinyl chloride, ethylene and, optionally, an olefinically unsaturated comonomer in the presence of 3 to 15 wt. % polyvinyl alcohol as the dispersing agent.Also a method for preparing such stable vinyl chloride based resin emulsions comprising(a) forming an aqueous emulsion reaction mixture containing substantially all the polyvinyl alcohol and a portion, preferably at least 5%, of the total vinyl chloride monomer,(b) pressurizing the reaction mixture with an ethylene pressure sufficient to provide the copolymer with a 5 to 35 wt.

Abstract: A method for preparing a stable vinyl chloride based resin emulsion which comprises a copolymer colloidally dispersed in an aqueous medium, the copolymer having a Tg from 0.degree. to 50.degree. C.

Abstract: Laminating adhesives are prepared from alcohol and an emulsion polymer, the polymer having been prepared in the presence of a polymerizable surfactant.

Abstract: A biologically active latex conjugate prepared by the acidification of latex particles of a core/shell polymer having acetal groups in the shell, whereby said acetal groups are converted to aldehyde groups, and then bonding a biologically active substance having an amino group to said aldehyde groups by reductive amination.

Abstract: Sterically stabilized aqueous polymer dispersions free from charged species are made by emulsifying in water ethylenically unsaturated monomer(s), soluble in water to the extent of 0.08%-8% by weight but giving rise to a polymer which is insoluble, and polymerizing the monomer(s) in that state in the presence of (a) a non-ionizable azo initiator which is water-soluble and substantially monomer-insoluble and (b) a block or graft copolymer stabilizer of specified structure.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of aqueous dispersions, also emulsion (co)polymerization of vinyl halides and/or vinyl esters and, if needed, additional monomers in the absence of emulsifying agents are described. Protective colloid is added after the initiation of the polymerization to stabilize the forming dispersion. The dispersions are characterized by low viscosity, even with high solids contents, and low structural viscosity, and they are suitable a.o. especially for the preparation of redispersible powders.

Abstract: A vinyl acetate/ethylene copolymer emulsion exhibiting both partially- and fully-hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol compatibility which comprises an aqueous colloidal dispersion of a copolymer prepared by the emulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate and ethylene in the presence of a polyvinyl alcohol stabilizing system having an 8 to 10 mole % residual vinyl acetate content, especially comprising a mixture of a polyvinyl alcohol having a 3 to 6 mole % vinyl acetate content and a polyvinyl alcohol having a 10 to 14 mole % vinyl acetate content in a ratio that yields an average residual vinyl acetate content of 8 to 10 mole %. When blended with a partially- or fully-hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol to provided an adhesive composition, such compositions demonstrate an enhanced plasticizer thickening.

Abstract: This invention relates to stable aqueous dispersions of film-forming addition polymer.Novel aqueous dispersions comprise polymer which is a copolymer of amphipathic and non-amphipathic monomer. The amphipathic monomer has an HLB value of at least 8, the hydrophilic component thereof is non-ionic, and the lipophilic component has a molecular weight of at least 100, comprises at least one ethylenic double bond but has no acrylyl or methacrylyl structure. The polymer comprises up to 80% by weight of amphipathic monomer.The dispersions are useful as components of such compositions as surface coatings and adhesives.

Abstract: Modified vinyl acetate aqueous adhesive compositions containing acidic metal salt curing agents, which are suitable for exterior applications where water resistance is required, contain selected solvents as low temperature fusion aids. The adhesives are characterized by their film forming properties at temperatures as low as -1.degree. C., increased closed assembly times of at least up to 40 minutes, improved storage stability, and their satisfactory cold and hot water resistance. They consist essentially of a mixture of (a) an aqueous emulsion of a stabilized vinyl acetate/N-methylol acrylamide polymer; (b) a metal salt curing agent; (c) optionally a cross-linking inhibitor; and (d) 1-7%, based on the polymer solids, of ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol diacetate, or tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol as the fusion aid.

Abstract: A method for producing a decorative design on a substrate by applying to the substrate an embossable coating comprising a filler, a binder, a release agent, a moisture control agent, and a liquid; drying the applied coating to remove a major portion of the liquid therefrom, sufficient liquid being retained to make the coating pliable and readily impressible by an embossing means; and subjecting the pliable coating to pressure contact with the embossing means, which is at ambient or an elevated temperature, to impress a decorative design into the coating; and the embossed coated substrate produced by the method.

Abstract: A process of incorporating non-polymeric particulate matter such as magnetic materials, pigments and minerals, into a cross-linked styrene-based polymeric matrix, which process comprises dispersing the non-polymeric particles with a polymeric dispersant in a medium containing one or more vinyl monomers and a crosslinking agent, and adding a polymerization initiator. Typical polymeric dispersants are copolymers, styrenes and tertiary-nitrogen-containing vinyl monomers. Non-polymeric particulate matter incorporated into polymeric beads by this process is resistant to chemical attack and the beads may be used to prepare composite adsorbents or ion exchange resins.

Abstract: Disclosed is a sealing compound for can ends excellent in the adaptability to the lining operation, which comprises an aqueous latex of a styrene-butadiene rubber, a tackifier and a filler, wherein said latex contains styrene-butadiene rubber particles having a number average particle size of from 1600 to 3000 A, which are stabilized by an emulsifier or a dispersant.

Abstract: A process for the production of an aqueous dispersion stabilized by a water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol and based on copolymers that comprise at least 60% by weight of monomer units selected from the group consisting of esters of acrylic acid, esters of methacrylic acid, styrene, and substituted styrene and mixtures thereof, consisting essentially of subjecting a stabilized dispersion of a monomer mixture containing at least 60% by weight of monomers selected from the group consisting of esters of acrylic acid, esters of methacrylic acid, styrene, substituted styrene and mixtures thereof, said dispersion being an aqueous dispersion stabilized by a water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol, to polymerization at a temperature in excess of 60.degree. C.

Abstract: An aqueous emsulion of organic peroxide which is obtained by incorporating a water soluble alcohol of low molecular weight into a system which comprises an organic peroxide, an emulsifier and water, is good in the storage stability and it is capable of being transported at a low temperature.

Abstract: An aqueous latex consisting essentially of an acid modified vinyl ester interpolymer and 0.8 parts by weight or less of a protective colloid per 100 parts by weight of interpolymer. The vinyl ester interpolymer comprises about 3 to about 7 weight percent of carboxylic acid groups supplied by an interpolymerized C.sub.4 -C.sub.10 vinylene monobasic carboxylic acid monomer. The aqueous latex is useful as an aqueous dielectric coating binder in the manufacture of electrographic recording materials.

Abstract: In the mass polymerization of an alkenyl aromatic nitrile rubber polymer blend such as ABS by the mass polymerization technique, improved physical properties are obtained in the resultant polymer by the incorporation of water into the mass polymerization process. During polymerization the pressure of the system must be maintained sufficiently high to prevent vaporization of the water.

Abstract: An aqueous dispersion having good stability and fluidity, and a process for production thereof. The aqueous dispersion is produced by polymerizing (a) a specified amount of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer capable of forming a water-soluble polymer in (b) a specified amount of an aqueous solution containing a water-soluble polymer while adjusting the weight ratio of (a) to (b) to from 1:5 to 5:1.

Abstract: Particulate resoles are produced by mixing phenol, formaldehyde and amine in an aqueous medium containing a protective colloid. The resoles exhibit improved cure rate and sinter resistance when an alkaline compound is added to the reaction mixture after particulate formation.

Abstract: Spheres of cured vinyl ester resin of a size useful as a flattening agent in paper coating compositions are prepared by a process of adding an aqueous phase containing polyvinyl alcohol to a stirred vinyl ester resin phase containing a free-radical catalyst to form a resin-in-water dispersion followed by addition of a promoter and the resin allowed to cure.

Abstract: Aqueous adhesive emulsions based on aqueous emulsion copolymers of vinyl esters, such as vinyl acetate, with ethylene in the presence of an hydroxy functional protective colloid, are provided with increased gel content which provides superior resistance to cold flow and improved adhesion, by the inclusion in the copolymer of a monoethylenic amide monomer, especially acrylamide.

Abstract: Polymerization method utilizing a three-phase system: water-in-oil-in-water or oil-in-water-in-oil comprising the steps (a) adding the monomer material to be polymerized into the innermost water or oil phase; (b) adding, with mechanical agitation, the product of Step a to the middle oil or water phase, said phase containing appropriate surfactant, whereby an emulsion is formed; (c) adding, with mechanical agitation, the emulsion product of Step b to the outermost water or oil phase, said phase containing appropriate surfactant, wherein polymerization proceeds in the innermost water or oil phase until complete.

Abstract: A method for producing a hydrophilic gel comprising polymerizing acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid in the presence of polyvinyl alcohol to obtain a polymer (A) which is then subjected to neutralization followed by heat treatment or to heat treatment followed by neutralization, or polymerizing a neutralized product of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid in the presence of polyvinyl alcohol to obtain a polymer (B) which is then subjected to heat treatment, wherein said polymerization is carried out in an aqueous solution having a total concentration of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid or its neutralized product (the weight of the neutralized product is converted to the acid basis) and polyvinyl alcohol of 10 to 60% by weight, said heat treatment temperature is 50.degree. to 150.degree. C., and the weight ratio of polyvinylalcohol is acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid or its salt (the weight of the neutralized product is converted to the acid basis) is 5 to 95: 95 to 5.