Abstract: A granular flame retardant additive is provided comprising from 70 to 99.5% by weight of an organohalide flame retardant and from 0.5 to 30% by weight of thermoplastic synthetic resin as a binder. The additive is easy to handle and resistant to disintegration during transportation and mixing with fabricating resin pellets. Uniform distribution thereof in fabricated thermoplastic articles is achieved by simply co-feeding the granules and the fabricating resin to a fabricating machine.

Abstract: Warp sizing compositions are used to treat textile yarn to withstand the abrasive forces encountered by the warp yarn during weaving. A warp sizing composition having poly(vinyl alcohol); and a second film forming polymer, which is water soluble, dispersible or emulsifiable and having a Tg of less than 70.degree. C., and an average particle size of less than 5 microns, and being dispersible with poly(vinyl alcohol); and water results in treated yarn having good flexibility, and abrasion resistance strength. The more flexible treated warp yarn encounters less damage during the slashing operation to result in improved weaving performance.

Abstract: This invention relates to an electrically conductive high-molecular composition which is obtained by mixing a preferred base high-molecular compound such as a thermoplastic resin, a synthetic resin, a rubber or the like with a water-soluble electrolyte and a water-soluble high-molecular compound at a certain desired compounding ratio. More particularly, the water-soluble electrolyte is ionized within an article molded by the base high-molecular compound due to a water content in atmosphere, thereby the water-soluble high molecular compound phase is transferred and the antistatic action is obtained accordingly. The conductive high-molecular composition can be transparent and colored to any desirable color. The compounding ratio of the water-soluble electrolyte and the water-soluble high-molecular compound respectively per 100 weight parts of the base high-molecular compound is from 1 to 10 weight parts.

Abstract: Water-based silicone resin dispersions are provided comprising a solid organopolysiloxane resin or mixture of resins and a combination of suspending aids including hydroxy-, alkoxy-, or neutralized carboxy polymeric type and non-ionic and/or anionic surfactant as well as an amount of water sufficient for providing a water-based suspension having a desired viscosity and silicone resin solids content by weight, and resistant to settling on prolonged standing.

Abstract: Plasticized polyvinyl alcohol containing one or more 1,4-monoanhydrohexitols and/or one or more 1,4-3,6-dianhydrohexitols and its use for the production of composite films by coextrusion, coating, doubling and lamination.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of aqueous dispersions, also emulsion (co)polymerization of vinyl halides and/or vinyl esters and, if needed, additional monomers in the absence of emulsifying agents are described. Protective colloid is added after the initiation of the polymerization to stabilize the forming dispersion. The dispersions are characterized by low viscosity, even with high solids contents, and low structural viscosity, and they are suitable a.o. especially for the preparation of redispersible powders.

Abstract: A creping adhesive comprising an aqueous admixture of polyvinyl alcohol and a water-soluble, thermosetting, cationic polyamide resin provides increased adhesion in the manufacture of creped wadding.

Abstract: A vinyl acetate/ethylene copolymer emulsion exhibiting both partially- and fully-hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol compatibility which comprises an aqueous colloidal dispersion of a copolymer prepared by the emulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate and ethylene in the presence of a polyvinyl alcohol stabilizing system having an 8 to 10 mole % residual vinyl acetate content, especially comprising a mixture of a polyvinyl alcohol having a 3 to 6 mole % vinyl acetate content and a polyvinyl alcohol having a 10 to 14 mole % vinyl acetate content in a ratio that yields an average residual vinyl acetate content of 8 to 10 mole %. When blended with a partially- or fully-hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol to provided an adhesive composition, such compositions demonstrate an enhanced plasticizer thickening.

Abstract: Denture fixative compositions contain denture fixative excipients and as the denture fixative, a water soluble partially neutralized alkyl vinyl ether-maleic acid or anhydride copolymer, optionally partly crosslinked, and at least one hydrophilic polymer, preferably sodium carboxymethylcellulose, polyethylene oxide or hydroxypropyl guar.

Abstract: The disclosure is of a copolymer reaction product of(A) 20 to 60 equivalent percent of a polymeric fatty acid;(B) 0 to 60 equivalent percent of a dicarboxylic acid;(C) 15 to 50 equivalent percent of a monocarboxylic acid; and(D) 5 to 25 equivalent percent of a synthetic polymeric resin having a crystalline chain structure, said resin having active carboxyl and/or hydroxyl groups capable of reaction with acid/amine groups; with(E) 50 to 80 equivalent percent of an organic polyamine.The copolymer is useful in flexographic ink compositions and such are advantageously water reducible (thinnable).

Abstract: An aqueous coating composition comprising, as film-forming components, at least one water soluble resin and at least one water-insoluble finely pulverized resin, one of said water soluble resins having certain specified tolerance and surface tension properties. This coating composition is very stable, shows excellent working properties, such durability and exhibits other desirable properties, and is useful as a coating, especially in the automobile industry.

Abstract: A pressure-sensitive adhesive having the capacity to absorb at least about 7 percent of its own weight in water and having a desirable combination of plasticity and wet-stick characteristics, as well as good dry skin adhesion. An adhesive composition particularly suitable for use as a stoma seal adhesive comprises (I) from about 30 to about 80 parts by weight each of (a) a pressure-sensitive adhesive component comprising a synthetic or natural gum-like substance and (b) a moisture absorbing component comprising a synthetic carbohydrate or natural water soluble or swellable hydrocolloid together with (II) from about 2 percent to about 20 percent by weight silica, based on the total weight of the adhesive composition.

Abstract: Modified fillers prepared by contacting inert, particulate, mineral fillers with aqueous solution of vinyl alcohol polymer and aqueous colloidal dispersion of cationic melamine-formaldehyde resin to obtain a filler having adsorbed thereon from about 0.1 to about 3 percent, based on dry filler weight, of each of vinyl alcohol polymer and cationic melamine-formaldehyde resin are provided. Such modified fillers are useful in papermaking.

Abstract: In preparing an opaque backing layer for a photographic film, superior covering power and coating dispersion stability are obtained by (1) dispersing carbon black in a minor phase of polyvinyl pyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymer before addition of a major phase of polyvinyl alcohol, and (2) delaying the addition of surfactant or coating aids until after complete mixing of the polyvinyl alcohol with the solid carbon black dispersion. This coating dispersion is particularly useful for the preparation of a dischargeable opaque backing layer for a diffusion transfer film element.

Abstract: Modified vinyl acetate aqueous adhesive compositions containing acidic metal salt curing agents, which are suitable for exterior applications where water resistance is required, contain selected solvents as low temperature fusion aids. The adhesives are characterized by their film forming properties at temperatures as low as -1.degree. C., increased closed assembly times of at least up to 40 minutes, improved storage stability, and their satisfactory cold and hot water resistance. They consist essentially of a mixture of (a) an aqueous emulsion of a stabilized vinyl acetate/N-methylol acrylamide polymer; (b) a metal salt curing agent; (c) optionally a cross-linking inhibitor; and (d) 1-7%, based on the polymer solids, of ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol diacetate, or tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol as the fusion aid.

Abstract: An ink composition for use in ink-jet printing to print images on a substrate, the composition being formulated to include, as the resin component, a phenolic resole resin and, as the primary solvent, a lower alkanol. The composition is also formulated to contain a pigment or soluble basic dye, a resistivity control agent preferably in the form of hydroxylamine hydrochloride, an evaporation retardant, and a modifying resin. The use of a phenolic resole resin which is capable of undergoing cure on evaporation of the solvent provides a printed image having improved adherence to various printing substrates and can be formulated and dissolved in less toxic, lower alkanol solvents.

Abstract: A paper coating composition is described, containing a pigment and an aqueous binder as major components, and further containing a mixture of a reaction product between (a) at least one alkylenediamine or polyalkylenepolyamine and (b) epihalohydrin, and (Y) a water-soluble resin obtained by reacting urea, polyalkylenepolyamine, and dibasic carboxylic acid and reacting the resulting polyamidopolyurea with formaldehyde, or containing these reaction products.

Abstract: This invention relates to a reactive plastisol dispersion comprising(1) a polyvinyl acetal thermoplast in particle form;(2) a liquid plasticizer member of the group consisting of(a) at least one an ethylenically unsaturated monomer, oligomer or prepolymer of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is H or CH.sub.3, R.sub.1 is an organic moiety and n is 1 or more,(b) at least one unsaturated polyester containing the group: ##STR2## wherein R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are organic moieties, x is 0-20 and y is 1-20; and(c) a mixture of (a) and (b);and, optionally, either(3) a free radical thermal initiator or(4) a photoinitiator for crosslinking.The reactive plastisol dispersion when fluxed can be useful as a sealant or adhesive.

Abstract: Stable aqueous solutions of cationic polyvinylalcohol/melamine-formaldehyde resin interaction products are provided comprising polyvinyl alcohol polymer and cationic melamine-formaldehyde resin acid colloid in a polyvinylalcohol/melamine-formaldehyde resin acid colloid weight ratio, on a dry basis, of from about 0.4/1 to about 5/1, and sufficient water to give a solids content of from about 0.7% by weight up to a level that will not cause gelation to a stage of no flow under the force of gravity in 48 hours but not in excess of 6% by weight. These aqueous polyvinylalcohol/melamine-formaldehyde interaction products have good stability, and high absorption capacity onto cellulose pulp. The use of these interaction products in paper making results in increased processing capability and improved wet and dry strength of the paper.

Abstract: A composition of matter comprising (1) an N-methylol monomer of the following general formula: ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen, lower alkyl (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4), isopropenyl, or phenyl and R.sub.1 is hydrogen or methyl, and (2) a polyalkoxylate substance having at least a portion of its structure represented by (alkylene oxide).sub.x, wherein x is an integer, the composition containing about x molecules of the N-methylol monomer per molecule of polyalkoxylated substance. Such N-methylol monomer/polyalkoxylated complexes are polymerized to yield ungelled cross-linkable N-methylol polymers. The N-methylol polymers are cross-linked in a controlled manner with polyvinyl alcohol.

Abstract: A creping adhesive comprises an admixture of an ethylene oxide/propylene oxide copolymer and a high molecular weight thermoplastic polymer.

Abstract: A creping adhesive comprises an admixture of poly 2-ethyl-2-oxazoline and a high molecular weight thermoplastic polymer.

Abstract: A coating composition, comprising an aqueous dispersion of a pigment such as clay and a binder such as a latex of a copolymer of styrene and butadiene thickened with a water-soluble copolymer of an .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid such as acrylic acid, an ethylenically unsaturated carboxamide such as acrylamide and an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having limited solubility in water such as acrylonitrile, is effectively employed in coating paper and other cellulosic web materials.

Abstract: An aqueous polyvinyl ester dispersion having a solids content of 40 to 70 percent by weight and containing 3 to 15 percent by weight (relative to the total amount of polyvinyl ester and additive) of a polyvinyl alcohol and 5 to 60 percent by weight (relative to the total amount of polyvinyl ester and additive) of a waxy, fatty or oily additive, has excellent adhesive properties. It is prepared by emulsion polymerization of a vinyl ester, if appropriate together with comonomers, in the presence of the said additive or by subsequent distribution of the additive in the dispersion resulting from the emulsion polymerization. The dispersion is particularly suitable for the preparation of adhesives for cellulose-containing materials.

Abstract: High strength pigment binders for paper coating having increased water retention and stability are disclosed. The coating compositions comprise an aqueous synthetic polymer latex and pigment and may contain other additives used in the art of pigmented paper coating. The latex comprises a dispersed interpolymer of a vinyl ester, a polyethylenically unsaturated comonomer and a ethylenically unsaturated mono- or dicarboxylic acid and optionally an alkyl acrylate.

Abstract: Improved polyoxymethylene molding compositions comprising fiber reinforcement such as glass, wherein the fiber reinforcement is surface treated with a vinyl polymer, such as polyvinylacetate.

Abstract: Flame-resistant molding compositions are prepared by adding at least one substance selected from the class consisting of (a) oxides or hydroxides of the rare earth metals, (b) graphite, or (c) precious metals or their compounds or complexes and mixtures of (a), (b) or (c) to a composition containing mixtures of organic polymers other than diorganopolysiloxanes and diorganopolysiloxanes. Although it is not essential, silicon dioxide having a surface area of at least 50 m.sup.2 /g and crosslinking agents may be incorporated in these molding compositions.

Abstract: Coating compositions comprising intimate blends of a pigment and an interpolymer of monovinyl aromatic monomer, allylic alcohol and optionally allylic ester, wherein the weight ratio of pigment to interpolymer is in the range of about 2:1 to about 10:1. The compositions are useful for the preparation of electrographic recording materials.

Abstract: A coating composition comprising a mixture of an organic solvent solution of polyvinyl butyral and an alcoholic dispersion of substantially spherical colloidal silica. The solid content in said mixture is consisted of 20 to 95% by weight of polyvinyl butyral and 80 to 5% by weight of silica.

Abstract: A coating composition comprising an intimate blend of a polymeric binder and from about 200 to about 1000 parts of an inert finely divided pigment per 100 parts by weight of polymeric binder. The binder contains a major proportion of a low molecular weight interpolymer comprising a monovinyl aromatic monomer, a C.sub.3 -C.sub.7 allylic alcohol and optionally a monocarboxylic acid ester of a C.sub.3 -C.sub.7 allylic alcohol, and a minor proportion of high molecular weight interpolymer. The coating composition is useful in the preparation of electrographic recording materials.

Abstract: Polyfunctional viscoelastic liquid compounds having molecular weights of at least 25,000 and preferably from 40,000 to 10 million comprise vinyl polymers having adducted thereon a plurality of groups, the same or different, the adducted groups having the general formula--CO--(CR.sub.2).sub.z --0--.sub.n Hwherein R represents a low molecular weight organic radical or, preferably, hydrogen, the total number of carbon atoms in all occurrences of R not exceeding 12, z represents a whole number from 4 to 8, preferably 5, and n represents on average, a number from, preferably, 0.5 to 300 per vinyl unit of the vinyl polymer. The compounds are soluble in a wide range of organic solvents and can find applications in adhesives, tackifiers, and fillers such as mastics, putties and like compositions.

Abstract: The impact resistance of flame retardant composites, especially thermoplastic molding compounds containing over 60% hydrated mineral filler such as Al(OH).sub.3 or Mg(OH).sub.2 is improved by coating the filler with 1 to 20% of an elastomer. The composite will fail by crazing or shearing rather than by brittle fracture. A well bonded elastomeric interphase results by utilizing acidic substituted resins such as ethyl-hexyl acrylate-acrylic acid copolymers which bond to and are cross-linked by the basic filler particles. Further improvement in impact resistance is provided by incorporating 1 to 10% of a resin fiber reinforcement such as polyvinyl alcohol fibers that decompose to yield at least 30% water when heated to decomposition temperature.

Abstract: A molding sand for use in a molding process employing a microwave radiation for curing the molding sand. The molding sand comprises a new sand, a carbonized resin coated sand and a thermosetting or thermoplastic resin. The carbonized resin coated sand is preferably subjected to a scrubbing treatment prior to the admixture thereof with the new sand.

Abstract: An aqueous emulsion of a thermally reactive polyurethane composition comprising a blocked polyisocyanate component having at least two masked isocyanate groups in the molecule uniformly dispersed in an aqueous medium, and a reactive anionic surface active agent of the formula:[R--X--CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.l CONH].sub.m A--NHCOSO.sub.3 Na).sub.nwherein R is a C.sub.7 -C.sub.26 alkyl, alkaryl or alkenyl group; X is --O--, --COO--, --S-- or --NR'-- wherein R' is a polyoxyalkylene group or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.22 alkyl group; l is 0 or an integer from 1 to 200; m and n each represents an integer from 1 to 4, the sum of m+n being not greater than 5; and A is the residue of a polyisocyanate compound with the removal of isocyanate groups.

Abstract: Ink formulations for use in printing polyvinyl butyral sheets are described. The formulations comprise polyvinyl formal, and polyvinyl butyral sheets printed using the formulations are found to have a reduced tendency to exhibit blocking.

Abstract: Acrylic latex sealants are rendered water-resistant and have improved wet adhesion to a variety of substrates by incorporating hydrophobic resins and an aminosilane hydrolyzate therein.

Abstract: Aqueous adhesive emulsions based on aqueous emulsion copolymers of vinyl esters, such as vinyl acetate, with ethylene in the presence of an hydroxy functional protective colloid, are provided with increased gel content which provides superior resistance to cold flow and improved adhesion, by the inclusion in the copolymer of a monoethylenic amide monomer, especially acrylamide.

Abstract: Polyvinyl butyral plasticizer with propylene oxide oligomers.

Abstract: Pigment formulations which contain(1) 10-90% by weight, based on the whole formulation, of a pigment mixture of(a) 99.5-90 mol %, based on the pigment mixture, of at least one monoazo pigment of the general formulaA--N=N--Band(b) 0.5-10 mol %, based on the pigment mixture, of at least one monoazo pigment of the formula(A'-N=N-B'--(X).sub.mcharacterized by the presence of at least one --COOH, --SO.sub.3 H, metal carboxylate or metal sulfonate group per pigment molecule, and(2) 90-10% by weight, based on the whole preparation, of a polyacrylate resin containing carboxylic acid groups.The novel pigment formulations are outstandingly suitable for pigmenting aqueous, alcoholic and aqueous-alcoholic printing ink systems and colored lacquer systems and are distinguished in particularlby good shelf life.The substituents A, B, A', B', X and m are as defined in claim 1.

Abstract: Continuous process for producing a finely divided aqueous dispersion of a homogeneous phase of at least one fusible solid ingredient and possibly of at least one liquid ingredient in which an aqueous solution of dispersion additive with a melted homogeneous phase is continuously subjected to a high velocity gradient in an agitation zone. The respective temperatures and flow rates of the aqueous solution and the homogeneous phase are regulated so that the homogeneous phase of the dispersion thusly produced reaches its solidification temperature after the dispersion has been evacuated from the agitation zone and before thermal equilibrium between the aqueous solution and the homogeneous phase is reached.

Abstract: A wet process mat binder comprising a phenolic resin, urea, melamine, starch and polyvinyl alcohol is disclosed. The pH of the formula is maintained at about 5.5.

Abstract: For the thermoplastic processing of polyvinyl alcohol, the processing temperature must be below the decomposition temperature of the polyvinyl alcohol; this is attained by incorporating plasticizers. For preparing a plasticizer-containing granular polyvinyl alcohol wherein the plasticizer is homogeneously distributed, there is used as starting material a granular polyvinyl alcohol consisting substantially of particles having a definite diameter. The plasticizer is incorporated in the presence of a small amount of water insufficient to dissolve the polyvinyl alcohol, and the temperature is adjusted in a definite manner during the mixing operation. Simultaneous presence of fine particles of a high molecular weight organic compound soluble or dispersible in water is advantageous. The plasticizer-containing granular polyvinyl alcohol is suitable for the manufacture of any shaped articles, especially films and sheets.

Abstract: Aqueous dispersions of olefin resins having a low film-forming temperature can be continuously produced by homogeneously mixing a mixture composed of olefin resin, partially saponified polyvinyl alcohol and water by means of an extruder having a multi-screw, and extruding the resulting dispersion.If partially saponified polyvinyl alcohol in which residual acetic acid groups are blocked is used, the film-forming temperature thereof is effectively lowered.