Abstract: A process for preparing a thermoplastic molding composition of the ABS type is described. The process includes: (A) forming at least one graft rubber A) using a rubber latex having a d50 value of <200 nm; (B) forming at least one graft rubber B) using a rubber latex having a d50 value of ≧200 nm; and forming a rubber-free thermoplastic polymer resin C). The method further includes: (D) forming precipitates of graft rubbers A) and B); (E) de-watering the precipitates to form water moist powders of graft rubbers A) and B); and mixing the water-moist powders of graft rubbers A) and B) with polymer C) in a kneader reactor. Graft rubbers A) and B) may be prepared separately or in a single step. The content in wt. % of rubber originating from graft rubber component A) based on the total amount of rubber in the molding composition is at least 5 wt. % lower than the content of rubber in wt.% originating from graft rubber component B), in each case based on 100 parts by wt. of graft rubber.

Abstract: A stable continuous production of a propylene-based block copolymer can proceed for a long time without causing accumulation of particles having a small diameter by a process having the following steps: (1) polymerizing an &agr;-olefin containing liquid propylene as a main component in the presence of hydrogen and a stereoregular polymerization catalyst in one or more polymerization reactors to obtain a polymer slurry; (2) feeding the polymer slurry to a copolymerization reactor; and (3) copolymerizing propylene and an &agr;-olefin other than propylene substantially in a gaseous phase in the presence of the stereoregular polymerization catalyst, the polymer slurry and a deactivating compound in the copolymerization reactor to obtain a propylene-block copolymer powder.

Abstract: The invention relates to polymer compositions useful as thermoplastic elastomers for extrusion, calendering, blow molding, thermoforming, and foam processing, and to articles made therefrom. Such improved melt strength thermoplastic elastomers include a blend of propylenic resin (A) and ethylenic elastomer (B), wherein the (A) resin is partially branched and/or the (B) elastomer is partially crosslinked by the addition of multifunctional acrylic monomer (C) containing at least three acrylate groups.

Abstract: Highly water absorbing polymer comprising a polymerizable compound having carbon-carbon double bonds or a salt thereof, obtainable by using a crosslinking agent comprising a hydroxy polyallyl ether having one or more hydroxy groups and two or more allyl groups.

Abstract: A storage stable monomer/polymer composition comprises a component A and a component B. Component A comprises an emulsion polymer formed by the polymerization of 1-99% by weight of a C1-C10 alkyl acrylate, 99-1% by weight of C1-C10 alkyl methacrylate, and 0-0.5% by weight of a first graft component, which is then swollen by a mixture of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer and a polymerization initiator. Component B also comprises an emulsion polymer formed by the polymerization of 1-99% by weight of C1-C10 alkyl acrylate, 99-1% by weight of C1-C10 alkyl methacrylate, and 0-0.5% by weight of a second graft component, swollen with at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer and a polymerization activator. Curing of the monomer/polymer composition begins only after the water has evaporated from the dispersion. The aqueous monomer/polymer compositions are used as binders for road marking paints, floor coating compositions, coating materials and sealing compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a thermoplastic resin composition comprising a rubber-reinforced thermoplastic resin as component (A) and an ethylene-&agr;-olefin copolymer having a Mooney viscosity (ML1+4, 100° C.) of 40 to 110 as component (B), the amount of component (B) being 1 to 70 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of component (A).

Abstract: There is provided an excellent impact modifier for a vinyl chloride resin. There is used, as an excellent impact modifier, a copolymer which is prepared by polymerizing 10 to 70% by weight of a monomer or monomers containing 60 to 100% by weight of at least one vinyl monomer selected from the group consisting of a (meth)acrylate compound, an aromatic vinyl compound, a vinyl cyanide compound and vinyl chloride, and 0 to 40% by weight of the other monomer copolymerizable therewith, in the presence of 30 to 90% by weight of a hollow rubber particle of which glass transition temperature Tg is at most 0° C. and a void ratio is 3 to 90% by volume in a latex state, and which contains a cross linking agent in an amount of 0.1 to 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the total rubber component monomer.

Abstract: An ethylene propylene rubber foam which comprises as the crude rubber, an ethylene propylene rubber having an iodine value of 35 to 45 and a Mooney viscosity ML1+4 at 100° C. of 20 to 50, and which has less compression set and is suitable as a material for a transfer member, a primary transfer member, a secondary transfer member, a cleaning member for image formation bodies, a bias member, a backup member, etc.; an electroconductive ethylene propylene rubber foam which comprises as the crude rubber, an ethylene propylene rubber having an iodine value of 35 to 45 and a Mooney viscosity ML1+4 at 100° C.

Abstract: A highly uniform vinyl compound polymer-cross-copolymerized olefin/styrene/diene copolymer excellent in processability, mechanical properties, high temperature properties, compatibility and transparency, and its composition and a process for its production, are provided. This copolymer is a crossed polymer obtained by cross-copolymerizing an olefin/styrene/diene copolymer having a styrene content of from 0.03 mol % to 96 mol %, a diene content of from 0.0001 mol % to 3 mol % and the rest being an olefin, with an olefin/aromatic vinyl compound copolymer.

Abstract: The present invention firstly provides a novel olefin/styrene/diene type cross-copolymer having excellent physical properties and mechanical properties, and a novel, efficient and economically excellent process for its production. Further, it provides an efficient and economically excellent process for producing various cross-copolymers such as an olefin/diene type cross-copolymer. The present invention secondly provides various resin compositions or processed products containing cross-copolymers, having problems of various conventional resin compositions or processed products solved and improved, as applications of cross-copolymers of the present invention.

Abstract: Porous polyolefins are especially efficiently free-radically grafted using (fluorinated alkyl)olefins, vinylsilanes or certain carboxylic acids or their esters as the grafting molecules. The use of a solvent to swell the porous polyolefin is sometimes advantageous.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pressure sensitive adhesive composition comprising a poly(1-alkene) elastomer and a multifunctional (meth)acrylate component. The invention also relates to articles comprising the composition and a method of making the composition.

Abstract: A beaded polymeric adsorbent has a core part; a shell part arranged around the core part, with one of the parts having a lipophilic property and another of the parts having a hydrophilic property, and is produced by preparing an organic phase composed of water insoluble monounsaturated and poly unsaturated comonomers; preparing an aqueous phase composed of a mixture of water soluble monounsaturated and polyunsaturated comonomers; forming a dispersion of the organic phase and the aqueous phase in a single vessel; and creating conditions for first polymerizing of one of the phases which forms the core part and thereafter polymerizing the other of the phases which forms the shell part.

Abstract: A continuous mass polymerization process for making an extrusion grade ABS resin having desirable properties and suitable for making refrigerator liners is disclosed. The process comprise charging a reaction mixture into a first in a series of reactors under conditions promoting polymerization, the mixture comprising diene rubber, a mixture of monomers, inert solvent and a chemical initiator to form a reaction mixture. The mixture is then transferred into a subsequent reactor operating at a temperature of 130 to 155° C. with no addition of chemical initiator and the resulting product is then devolatilized. The ABS thus produced contains about 10 to 16 pbw of dispersed rubber particles having an average particle diameter of 0.3 to 0.7 microns.

Abstract: In a process for preparing thermoplastic molding compositions by a) polymerizing, in aqueous emulsion, dienes, C1-C12-alkyl acrylates or mixtures of these, where from 0 to 30% by weight of these monomers may have been replaced by other copolymerizable monomers, and where from 0 to 10 by weight of these monomers may have been replaced by crosslinking monomers, to give a rubber latex with a glass transition temperature below −10° C.

Abstract: This invention discloses an emulsion styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) that can be employed in manufacturing tire tread formulations that have rolling resistance and treadwear characteristics that are similar to those made with solution SBR but with improved traction characteristics. Thus, the emulsion SBR of this invention is superior in many respects for use in tire tread compounds to conventional solution SBR and conventional emulsion SBR. This invention more specifically discloses a styrene-butadiene rubber composition which is comprised of repeat units which are derived from styrene, 1,3-butadiene, and a hydroxy alkyl acrylate monomer, wherein the styrene-butadiene rubber composition has a number average molecular weight as determined by field flow fractionation which is within the range of about 50,000 to 150,000, and wherein the styrene-butadiene rubber has a light scattering to refractive index ratio which is within the range of 1.8 to 3.9.

Abstract: A method of preparing rubber substrate is provided. In the method, 50 to 95 parts by weight of conjugated diene monomer is first-polymerized, until the resulting first rubber substrate has gel content of 5 to 70 wt %. Thereafter, the first rubber substrate is second-polymerized with 5 to 50 parts by weight to obtain a second rubber substrate. The obtained second rubber substrate has higher gel content in core than outer layer.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for making graft copolymers. The methods comprise the steps of: (a) providing (i) an ethylene/propylene (EP) copolymer or other graftable polymer, (ii) an ethylenically unsaturated sulfur-, nitrogen- and/or oxygen-containing monomer, and (iii) an amount of an initiator sufficient to graft said monomer and EP copolymer or other graftable polymer, (b) introducing said EP copolymer or other graftable polymer into an extruder; (c) introducing said monomer into the extruder; (d) introducing said initiator into the extruder, wherein at least one of the above-identified reactants in (a) is introduced in the presence of a polar solvent; and (e) reacting said EP copolymer or other graftable polymer, monomer and initiator by operating said extruder, thereby forming the graft copolymer. This invention also relates to methods of making a dispersant viscosity index improver and methods for making a lubricating oil.

Abstract: A highly uniform vinyl compound polymer-cross-copolymerized olefin/styrene/diene copolymer excellent in processability, mechanical properties, high temperature properties, compatibility and transparency, and its composition and a process for its production, are provided. This copolymer is a crossed polymer obtained by cross-copolymerizing an olefin/styrene/diene copolymer having a styrene content of from 0.03 mol % to 96 mol %, a diene content of from 0.0001 mol % to 3 mol % and the rest being an olefin, with an olefin/aromatic vinyl compound copolymer.

Abstract: Certain mixtures of two superabsorbent powders having very different capillary suctions exhibit a resulting capillary suction which approaches the higher value. The resulting mixtures simultaneously exhibit a high capillary suction and a high intrinsic absorption capacity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a transparent butadiene-based rubber-reinforced resin produced by graft-polymerizing monomer components (b) comprising as main components an aromatic vinyl compound, a vinyl cyanide compound and an acrylic or methacrylic acid ester in the presence of particles of a butadiene-based rubber (a), said butadiene-based rubber-reinforced resin comprising, when observed by an electron microscope, a rubber phase having an average particle size of 150 to 350 nm and containing particles having a particle size of less than 150 nm in an amount of not more than 30% by weight and particles having a particle size of more than 350 nm in an amount of not more than 30% by weight; and containing acetone solubles having an intrinsic viscosity [&eegr;] of 0.2 to 0.4 dl/g when measured at 30° C. in methyl ethyl ketone.

Abstract: Thermoplastic molding composition characterized in that the polymer proportion soluble in dichloromethane has a c50 value of acrylonitrile of ≧28 wt. % and a chemical distribution (c90−c10 value) of the acrylonitrile of ≧5 wt. % is disclosed. The composition is characterized by its improved processability by extrusion and thermoforming.

Abstract: A graft copolymer composition and the preparation of the composition by living radical polymerization is disclosed. The polymerization reaction can be initiated at active chlorine sites on the poly(vinyl chloride) backbone in conjunction with a transition metal catalyst and an optional ligand. The graft copolymers are useful as, among others, compatibilizers for blends and alloys, as high heat distortion temperature poly(vinyl chloride) materials, as impact modifiers, and permanently plasticized materials.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of graft rubber polymers of the ABS type by emulsion polymerization according to the so-called fed batch process, in which latexes having markedly reduced residual monomer contents are obtained, and to compositions containing the mentioned graft rubber polymers.

Abstract: This invention relates to a graft polyolefin which is obtained by a method comprising the steps of: (a) dissolving or dispersing, in an organic solvent, an acid anhydride-modified amorphous polyolefin which comprises propylene and butene as polymerizable components, thereby preparing its solution or dispersion; (b) adding a hydroxyl group-containing radical polymerizable monomer to the solution or dispersion, and allowing the acid anhydride-modified polyolefin to react with the hydroxyl group-containing radical polymerizable monomer; and (c) effecting graft polymerization by adding at least one radical polymerizable monomer and a radical initiator. This invention also relates to a resin coating composition which contains this graft polyolefin as a solid content.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a polymer film having second order non-linear optical properties which has excellent stability of orientated molecules and does not become disorientated, and a polymer film and a non-linear optical element are provided. A polymer solution is placed between two substrates, which are disposed substantially perpendicular with respect to a rotating stand and substantially symmetrical with respect to a rotation axis of the rotating stand, and the rotating stand is rotated. A polymer film having second order non-linear optical properties is formed by the centrifugal force generated at the polymer solution.

Abstract: The present invention has an object to provide a process for producing a water-absorbing agent which is excellent in the absorption capacities under no load and under a load with good balance and can display excellent absorption properties even if the weight percentage of a water-absorbent resin (resin concentration) is high when the water-absorbent resin is used for materials such as sanitary materials. The above object can be achieved by adding a vinyl compound or both the vinyl compound and a polyhydric alcohol to a water-absorbent resin and heating the resultant mixture.

Abstract: A method of preparing a resin-fortified polymer emulsion is disclosed. In one embodiment, the method comprises polymerizing at least one monomer in the presence of a surfactant, an initiator, a resin and sugar-based vinyl monomer under emulsion polymerization reaction conditions effective for initiating polymerization, wherein an emulsion polymerization product is formed that comprises a sugar-based vinyl monomer. A composition comprising resin-fortified emulsion polymer comprising a sugar-based vinyl monomer, a resin and at least one emulsion polymerizable monomer is also disclosed. An ink comprising a pigment and a resin-fortified polymer emulsion comprising a sugar-based vinyl monomer, a resin and at least one emulsion polymerizable monomer is also disclosed.

Abstract: A propylene block copolymer composition is disclosed which comprises (A) a propylene-&agr;-olefin random copolymer with a propylene content of 99.4 to 99.9 mol % and (B) a propylene-&agr;-olefin random copolymer with a propylene content of 35 to 60 mol %, &agr;-olefin contained in the random copolymer (A) being ethylene and/or 1-butene, wherein the intrinsic viscosity ([&eegr;B]) of the propylene-&agr;-olefin random copolymer (B) ranges from 0.5 to 2.0 dl/g, the ratio ([&eegr;B]/[&eegr;A]) of the intrinsic viscosity ([&eegr;B]) of the propylene-&agr;-olefin random copolymer (B) to the intrinsic viscosity ([&eegr;A]) of the propylene-&agr;-olefin random copolymer (A) ranges from 0.3 to 1.2 and the product (([&eegr;B]/[&eegr;A])×(WA/WB)) of the intrinsic viscosity ratio ([&eegr;B]/[&eegr;A]) and the weight ratio (WA/WB) of both copolymers ranges from 1.0 to 3.0.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing graft copolymer is made from a backbone of an olefin polymer material to which is graft polymerized (a) at least one gaseous fluorinated monomer such as vinylidene fluoride, (b) at least one fluorinated acrylic acid or ester, (c) a mixture of (a) and (b), or (d) a mixture of (a) and/or (b) and a non-fluorinated monomer such as methyl methacrylate. An organic peroxide or a polymeric peroxide is used as the initiator for the graft polymerization process. The graft copolymers have improved surface properties and oxygen barrier properties, and improved thermal stability.

Abstract: The rubber-containing styrenic resin of the present invention comprises a styrenic resin matrix and a rubber component dispersed in particles. In the resin, the graft ratio of a styrenic monomer relative to the rubber component is not less than 1, the particle size of the dispersed rubber component is 0.1 to 3 &mgr;m, and the following equation (1) is satisfied: Mn=aT+b  (1) wherein Mn is the number average molecular weight of the matrix resin; T is the conversion of the styrenic monomer; a is a constant greater than 0; and b is a constant of 0 or greater. The rubber component may be a butadiene-series rubber. The particle-size distribution of the dispersed rubber component may have, for example, two peaks.

Abstract: There is a need for polymers that offer a high level of heat and ultraviolet light resistance. It is particularly critical for polymers that are utilized in making skin compounds for automotive instrument and door panels to display excellent heat and ultraviolet light resistance. Polymer blends having such characteristics can be made by blending certain rubbery polymers with halogen containing polymers, such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC). There is currently a demand for halogen-free polymers having such characteristics. This invention discloses a rubbery polymer that can be blended with polyolefins, such as polyethylene or polypropylene, to make leathery compositions having good heat and ultraviolet light resistance. The rubbery polymer of this invention is comprised of repeat units which are comprised of (a) butyl acrylate, (b) an alkoxyalkylene acrylate, (c) styrene, (d) a half ester maleate soap, and (e) a crosslinking agent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a transparent butadiene-based rubber-reinforced resin produced by graft-polymerizing monomer components (b) comprising as main components an aromatic vinyl compound, a vinyl cyanide compound and an acrylic or methacrylic acid ester in the presence of particles of a butadiene-based rubber (a), said butadiene-based rubber-reinforced resin comprising, when observed by an electron microscope, a rubber phase having an average particle size of 150 to 350 nm and containing particles having a particle size of less than 150 nm in an amount of not more than 30% by weight and particles having a particle size of more than 350 nm in an amount of not more than 30% by weight; and containing acetone solubles having an intrinsic viscosity [&eegr;] of 0.2 to 0.4 dl/g when measured at 30° C. in methyl ethyl ketone.

Abstract: Polypropylene block-copolymer resin exhibiting high melt tension and improved moldability with balanced stiffness and impact resistance may be molded at high speed into large-sized articles, including, stretched films, with good appearance and resistance to deformation. The block copolymer includes a higher molecular weight polypropylene segment, a lower molecular weight polypropylene segment and an ethylene &agr;-olefin copolymer segment. When subjected to dissolution fractionation m paraxylene, a large proportion is insoluble at 23° C. but soluble at 135° C., and a smaller portion is soluble at 23° C. The block copolymer has a melt flow rate of 0.01 to 5 g/10 min at 230 C. (2.16 kg) and a molecular weight distribution Mw/Mn of 6-20 and Mz/Mw of at least 3.5. A continuous multistage polymerization may be used to form the block copolymer.

Abstract: In a process for preparing thermoplastic molding compositions by

Abstract: A monomer-grafted cross-linked polymer is prepared by the steps of activating a polymer by radiation, quenching the activated polymer so as to effect cross-linking therein, activating the cross-linked polymer by irradiation and contacting the activated cross-linked polymer with an emulsion that includes an unsaturated monomer, an emulsifier and water. The activated cross-linked polymer is contacted with the emulsion for a sufficient time to effect a desired extent of grafting.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a water-redispersible powder based on film-forming polymers which are substantially water-insoluble and which are prepared by aqueous emulsion polymerization of monomers containing ethylenic unsaturation and with a “core/shell” structure comprising a hydrophobic core based on a polymer exhibiting a Tg (glass transition temperature) of between −30 and 25° C., preferably between −10 and 20° C., and a shell, the shell being bonded to the core by covalent bonds resulting from the reaction of an agent for grafting the shell onto the ethylenic unsaturations remaining in the core, characterized in that the shell is prepared by emulsion polymerization, on the core particles, of a mixture of monomers comprising at least one monomer chosen from styrene and a C1-C12 alkyl acrylate or methacrylate, at least one monomer carrying a saccharide group and exhibiting at least one ethylenic unsaturation, and at least one grafting agent.

Abstract: A polypropylene block copolymer obtained by producing an ethylene-propylene copolymer moiety as a component A having an ethylene content of 1.5 to 6.0% by weight in an amount of 40 to 85% by weight based on the total weight of components A and B in the absence of an inert solvent, substantially, in a first step, with a Ziegler-Natta catalyst, and then producing an ethylene-propylene copolymer moiety as a component B having an ethylene content of 7 to 17% by weight in an amount of 15 to 60% by weight based on an amount of the whole polymer in a gas phase in a second step, wherein an intrinsic viscosity ([&eegr;]B) of the component B is from 2.0 to 5.0 dl/g and the ratio of the intrinsic viscosity ([&eegr;]B) of the component B to an intrinsic viscosity ([&eegr;]A) of the component A is within the range of 0.5 to 1.8.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing a rubber-modified styrenic resin. The method includes the steps of (a) producing a rubber solution by dissolving a rubber polymer in a vinyl monomer; (b) producing a rubber composition by continuously supplying the above rubber solution in a first reactor to polymerize the rubber polymer with the vinyl monomer at a reaction temperature of 120°-145° C. to perform phase inversion of the rubber polymer, thereby producing the polymer of conversion ratio of 10-40 wt %, and realized through 50-99% of rubber particles having an average particle diameter of 0.1-0.

Abstract: In a process for the preparation of an aqueous polymer dispersion by the free radical aqueous emulsion polymerization method, the polymerization is carried out in the presence of frozen micelles of amphiphilic substances.

Abstract: The present invention is an improved rubber-modified polymeric composition comprising: (a) a continuous matrix phase comprising an interpolymer of a monovinylidene aromatic monomer and an ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer; and (b) from 5 to 40 weight percent, based on the total weight of said polymeric composition, of a rubber in the form of discrete rubber particles dispersed in said matrix, wherein the dispersed rubber particles comprise: (1) at least 33 weight percent based on the total rubber content, of a mass rubber particle component having a volume average particle diameter of from 0.15 to 0.40 micron; (2) from 15 to 67 weight percent based on the total rubber content, of a small-particle emulsion rubber component having a volume average diameter of from 0.05 to 0.30 micron; and (3) from 0 to 35 weight percent based on the total rubber content, of a large emulsion particle rubber component having a volume average diameter of from greater than 0.30 to 2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to &agr;-aminoacetophenones functionalized with organic diisocyanates, which can be used as reactive photoinitiators; to oligomers and polymers to which such functionalized &agr;-aminoacetophenones are bonded; to &agr;-aminoacetophenones having unsaturated polymerizable side-chain; to dimeric and trimeric photoinitiators; to the use of such photoinitiators; to materials coated with such photoinitiators; and to the use of the functionalized &agr;-aminoacetophenones for modifying surfaces.

Abstract: The present invention provides a propylene block copolymer comprising polymer particles whose rubber-like component contents are 50% by weight or more, in an amount less than 1.0% by weight of the whole polymer particles finally discharged from a polymerization system.

Abstract: The invention relates to polybutadiene rubber wherein a molecular weight distribution curve of the rubber as determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) has 2 peaks attributable to a high molecular weight component and a low molecular weight component, a peak top molecular weight of the high molecular weight component and a peak top molecular weight of the low molecular weight component fall within ranges of from 100,000 to 1,500,000 and from 10,000 to 50,000, respectively, a ratio of the weight average molecular weight (Mw) to the number average molecular weight (Mn), Mw/Mn, falls within a range of from 4.5 to 14.5, and the content of a cis-1,4 structure is at least 80 wt. %, a high-impact aromatic vinyl resin composition comprising the polybutadiene rubber, and a preparation process of the resin composition.

Abstract: A process comprising contacting ethylene and at least one alpha-olefin comonomer having with a transition metal based catalyst system in two fluidized bed reactors connected in series, in the gas phase, under polymerization conditions, with the proviso that a hydrocarbyl aluminum cocatalyst is introduced into the first reactor and a different hydrocarbyl aluminum cocatalyst or no cocatalyst is introduced into the second reactor.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process of atom (or group) transfer radical polymerization for the synthesis of novel homopolymer or a block or graft copolymer, optionally containing at least one polar group, with well defined molecular architecture and narrow polydipersity index, in the presence of an initiating system comprising (i) an initiator having a radically transferrable atom or group, (ii) a transition metal compound, and (iii) a ligand, the present invention is also directed to the synthesis of a macromolecule having at least two halogen groups which can be used as a macroinitiator component (i) to subsequently form a block or graft copolymer by an atom or group transfer radical polymerization process; the present invention is also directed to a process of atom or group transfer radical polymerization for the synthesis of a branched or hyperbranched polymer; in addition, the present invention is directed to a process of atom or group transfer radical polymerization for the synthesis of a mac

Abstract: A hollow sphere organic pigment in which a core containing a void is encapsulated by a first shell polymer having a glass transition temperature greater than 50.degree. C., the first shell having polymerized thereon a second shell polymer having a glass transition temperature of -15.degree. C. to -50.degree. C. is provided. Also provided is a paper or paperboard coating composition containing the hollow sphere organic pigment, a method for improving the strength and opacity of a paper or paperboard coating by using the coating composition dried, a coated paper or paperboard bearing the dried coating composition, and a method for improving the strength and opacity of paper or paperboard by incorporating a particular hollow sphere organic pigment into the formed wet sheet.

Abstract: The invention relates to dispersion-powder compositions redispersible in water and containing (a) a vinyl ester ethylene copolymer with 50 to 90% by weight of vinyl esters of C.sub.2 to C.sub.12 carboxylic acid, 1 to 30% by weight of ethylene, 0-20% by weight of vinyl esters of .alpha.-branched monocarboxylic acids with 5 to 10 C-atoms, each in relation to the total weight of the vinyl ester ethylene copolymer, and (b) a water soluble copolymer with 20 to 80% by weight of hydrophobic, substantially water insoluble monomers, 20 to 80% by weight of water-soluble, salt-forming monomers from the group of ethylenically unsaturated sulfonic acids, and 0 to 50% by weight of ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic or dicarboxylic acids or the anhydrides thereof, each in relation to the total weight of the water soluble copolymer.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process of atom (or group) transfer radical polymerization for the synthesis of novel homopolymer or a block or graft copolymer, optionally containing at least one polar group, with well defined molecular architecture and narrow polydispersity index, in the presence of an initiating system comprising (i) an initiator having a radically transferrable atom or group, (ii) a transition metal compound, and (iii) a ligand; the present invention is also directed to the synthesis of a macromolecule having at least two halogen groups which can be used as a macroinitiator component (i) to subsequently form a block or graft copolymer by an atom or group transfer radical polymerization process; the present invention is also directed to a process of atom or group transfer radical polymerization for the synthesis of a branched or hyperbranched polymer; in addition, the present invention is directed to a process of atom or group transfer radical polymerization for the synthesis of a ma

Abstract: Rubber-modified molding materials having improved impact strength in combination with good flow behavior can be prepared by special graft polymerization of monomers forming hard graft shells, such as styrene and acrylonitrile, in the presence of an elastomeric acrylate macromonomer copolymer dissolved or swollen in these monomers, the graft polymerization being carried out, to a conversion of more than 15% by weight of the monomers, by thermal or free radical mass or solution polymerization.