Ethylenic Material Contains A Nitrogen Atom And Is Other Than (meth)acrylonitrile Patents (Class 525/293)
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Patent number: 4707513Abstract: Tough multi-phase thermoplastic compositions consisting essentially of 55 to 99 parts by weight of a polyamide matrix and 1 to 45 parts by weight of a multiphase polymer comprising 50 to 90 parts by weight of a crosslinked elastomer core and 10 to 50 parts by weight of a rigid polymer shell comprising from about 1 to about 25 parts by weight of an interpolymerized ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer, from about 20 to about 80 parts by weight of interpolymerized styrene, from about 0 to about 79 parts by weight of an interpolymerized C.sub.1 to C.sub.8 alkyl acrylate or methacrylate and from about 0 to about 45 parts by weight of an interpolymerized acrylonitrile. The toughened compositions are useful for making molded and extruded parts possessing impact resistance and ductility.Type: GrantFiled: March 11, 1986Date of Patent: November 17, 1987Assignee: Monsanto CompanyInventor: Massimo Baer
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Patent number: 4701498Abstract: Coupling agents of general formula ##STR1## and their use in a method for the termination of living polymers obtained by the anionic polymerization of dienic and/or vinylaromatic monomers.Type: GrantFiled: June 24, 1986Date of Patent: October 20, 1987Assignee: Eniricerche S.p.A.Inventors: Arnaldo Roggero, Alberto Gandini
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Patent number: 4698385Abstract: Compositions suitable as binders for high solids, ambient cure coatings, and coating compositions which have high humidity resistance and good weatherability are disclosed herein.Type: GrantFiled: February 23, 1984Date of Patent: October 6, 1987Assignee: Rohm and Haas CompanyInventor: Frederick J. Schindler
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Patent number: 4695607Abstract: Large acrylic star polymers, are made by group transfer polymerization techniques by arm-first, core-first, or arm-core-arm approaches.Type: GrantFiled: September 3, 1985Date of Patent: September 22, 1987Assignee: E. I. Du Pont De Nemours and CompanyInventor: Harry J. Spinelli
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Patent number: 4694043Abstract: This invention relates to radically hardening adhesives, which contain polymerisable isocyanates and which are distinguished by high adhesive capacity on plastics materials.Type: GrantFiled: March 3, 1986Date of Patent: September 15, 1987Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Wolfgang Fischer, Gerhard Klein, Rudolph Hombach, Wilfried Kniege
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Patent number: 4690995Abstract: Copolymers comprising 0.10 to 50 parts by weight of hindered phenol antioxidant monomer and at least 10 to 60 parts by weight of at least one unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer are prepared, preferably in emulsion polymerization systems.Type: GrantFiled: June 6, 1985Date of Patent: September 1, 1987Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: William H. Keskey, Mark R. Johnson
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Patent number: 4668737Abstract: A graft product of from 40 to 99.8 parts by weight of styrene, .alpha.-methyl styrene, p-methyl styrene, vinyl toluene, methyl methacrylate or mixtures thereof, from 20 to 0.1 part by weight of a vinyl-group-containing, preferably heterocyclic nitrogen base, from 20 to 0.1 part by weight of a mono- or di-acid containing a polymerizable double bond and from 0 to 49 parts by weight of acrylonitrile on a particulate rubber having an average particle diameter (d.sub.50) of from 0.05 to 20.0 .mu.m and a glass temperature of .ltoreq.10.degree. C., the total rubber content amounting to between 5 and 80% by weight.Type: GrantFiled: May 30, 1985Date of Patent: May 26, 1987Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Herbert Eichenauer, Karl Zabrocki, Joachim D/o/ ring, Karl-Heinz Ott, Ludwig Bottenbruch
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Patent number: 4666981Abstract: A resin composition which comprises a coupling agent in an amount of about 0.5 part by weight to about 50 parts by weight against 100 parts by weight of a copolymer composed of an aminoalkyl acrylate and/or aminoalkyl methacrylate and an ethylenically unsaturated monomer.The resin composition excels, as compared with the conventional ones, in terms of any properties to be developed toward a wide range of various substrates inclusive of inorganic materials and plastic materials, such as adherence, water resistance, weathering resistance and yellowing resistance, and consequently are advantageously used in such fields as coatings, adhesives and printing ink.Type: GrantFiled: June 7, 1985Date of Patent: May 19, 1987Assignee: Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd.Inventors: Fumihiro Doura, Kazuo Asada, Kouichi Inoue
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Patent number: 4659781Abstract: The present invention provides a reactive acrylic oligomer obtained by the method of polymerizing at least one .alpha., .beta.-ethylenically unsaturated monomers having no oxirane ring and/or carboxyl groups, in an organic solvent and in the presence of azo initiator having carboxyl group and tertiary amine, and then reacting the same with a compound having .alpha., .beta.-ethylenically unsaturated bonding and oxirane ring. The invention further provides a grafted acrylic resinous composition obtained by the method of copolymerizing said reactive acrylic oligomer with at least one .alpha., .beta.-ethylenically unsaturated monomers which will constitute the backbone of the graft polymer, as well as the coating composition containing as resinous vehicle the abovesaid resinous composition and especially the resinous composition whose graft polymer is an amphoteric acrylic resin having backbone chain with acidic groups and branched chains with concentrated quantity of basic groups.Type: GrantFiled: May 18, 1984Date of Patent: April 21, 1987Assignee: Nippon Paint Co., Ltd.Inventors: Yoshitaka Okude, Eiji Itoh
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Patent number: 4659796Abstract: An amine-modified homogeneous wax having an excellent homogeneity is disclosed, comprising 60 to 100% by weight of an unoxidized wax, at least partially grafted with a tertiary amine unit-containing vinyl monomer, and 40 to 0% by weight of a polymer of the tertiary amine unit-containing vinyl monomer, the total amount of the tertiary amine unit-containing vinyl monomer in the composition being 0.3 to 40% by weight.Type: GrantFiled: July 14, 1986Date of Patent: April 21, 1987Assignee: Mitsubishi Petrochemical Co., Ltd.Inventors: Shinji Horie, Tetsuji Kakizaki
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Patent number: 4659783Abstract: Large acrylic star polymers, having a low polydispersity of polymer molecular weight and of arm molecular weight and containing multifunctional monomers in the core.Type: GrantFiled: September 3, 1985Date of Patent: April 21, 1987Assignee: E. I. du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventor: Harry J. Spinelli
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Patent number: 4659782Abstract: Large acrylic star polymers, having a low polydispersity of polymer molecular weight and of arm molecular weight and containing single- and multi-functional monomers in the core.Type: GrantFiled: September 3, 1985Date of Patent: April 21, 1987Assignee: E. I. du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventor: Harry J. Spinelli
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Patent number: 4636578Abstract: Photocell modules wherein one or more photocells are encapsulated within a thermoplastic polymeric pottant between the layers of a rigid or flexible laminate. The pottant is a graft copolymer of (a) at least one addition polymerizable backbone monomer having a glass transition temperature (T.sub.g) of less than 0.degree., (b) at least one addition polymerizable backbone monomer having a T.sub.g of 50.degree.-150.degree. C., and (c) a poly (vinyl aromatic) addition polymerizable macromonomer of 3,000-50,000 molecular weight having a T.sub.g of at least 30.degree. C. The pottant is highly light-transmissive, electrically insulating and provides excellent protection for the photocells and circuitry at low cost.Type: GrantFiled: April 11, 1985Date of Patent: January 13, 1987Assignee: Atlantic Richfield CompanyInventor: Stewart C. Feinberg
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Patent number: 4624980Abstract: An N-t-alkyl-N-sec-alkyl secondary amine compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein X, Y and Z are each independently selected from --H, --OH, or an alkyl group having from 1 to about 15 carbon atoms; and n is an integer of from 3 to about 6.Type: GrantFiled: March 28, 1985Date of Patent: November 25, 1986Assignee: Milliken Research CorporationInventors: John W. Rekers, Edward W. Kluger
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Patent number: 4614761Abstract: A process for producing a curable resin having unsaturated groups in the side chains through urethane linkages, which comprises reacting (A) a polymer having hydroxyl groups in the side chains with (B) an unsaturated monoisocyanate obtained by reacting 1 mole of a diisocyanate with more than 1 but less than 1.8 moles of an unsaturated monoalcohol.Type: GrantFiled: March 18, 1985Date of Patent: September 30, 1986Assignee: Showa Highpolymer Co., Ltd.Inventors: Eiichiro Takiyama, Katsuhisa Morita
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Patent number: 4613652Abstract: A curable resin composition which comprises (1) a copolymer composed of an aminoalkyl acrylate and/or aminoalkyl methacrylate and an ethylenically unsaturated monomer being formulated with (2) a compound having at least two acryloyl groups in the molecule.The composition can be cured at low temperatures in the range of ordinary temperature to 120.degree. C., and therefore advantageously used for the formation of coating films in the application fields, such as plastics, wood and concrete, where heat treatment cannot be performed. Also, the composition which exhibits excellent adherence toward various kinds of substrates can be used as adhesives and different kinds of primers, as well. Furthermore, the composition can provide coating films that excel in terms of water resistance, weathering resistance and solvent resistance, and therefore be utilized for overpaints, etc.Type: GrantFiled: June 7, 1985Date of Patent: September 23, 1986Assignee: Takeda Chemical Industries, Inc.Inventors: Takeo Nakayama, Kimiya Fujinami, Takurou Sakamoto, Fumihiro Doura
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Patent number: 4611028Abstract: Copolymers adapted for use as stabilizers in dispersions and stable dispersions, including crosslinked dispersions containing microgel particles, prepared therefrom. Stabilizer bears pendent ethylenic unsaturation capable of reacting with monomers employed in random copolymerization used to make the dispersion polymer. Stabilizer comprises a random copolymer segment of ethylenically unsaturated monomers, some of which are characterized in that homopolymers thereof would be substantially insoluble in the organic liquid used to form the stable dispersion and some of which are characterized in that homopolymers thereof would be substantially soluble in the organic liquid used to form the stable dispersion.Type: GrantFiled: December 21, 1984Date of Patent: September 9, 1986Assignee: Ford Motor CompanyInventors: Stephen C. Peng, John D. Nordstrom
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Patent number: 4605701Abstract: A small-globular crosslinked polymer of monoallylamine swellable but insoluble in water can be obtained by crosslinking a part of the amino groups of a monoallylamine polymer with formaldehyde or a compound having, in its molecule, at least two functional groups reactive with primary amino group.Type: GrantFiled: October 19, 1984Date of Patent: August 12, 1986Assignee: Nitto Boseki Co., Ltd.Inventors: Susumu Harada, Sakuro Hasegawa, Koichi Sato
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Patent number: 4600760Abstract: Thermosettable compositions comprising an alkenyl phenyl cyanate and at least one of an aromatic polycyanate, a polymaleimide or a polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated aromatic monomer are disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: April 11, 1985Date of Patent: July 15, 1986Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventor: Robert E. Hefner, Jr.
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Patent number: 4585833Abstract: This invention is directed to curable molding compositions containing a mixture of a poly(acrylate), a polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomer which serves to crosslink the poly(acrylate) to a thermoset product, a thermoplastic polymer low profile additive, and a free radical initiator mixture containing at least one initiator with a 10-hour half-life temperature (t.sub.1/2) of greater than about 90.degree. C. and at least one initiator with a 10-hour half-life temperature (t.sub.1/2) of less than about 90.degree. C. The curable molding compositions exhibit improved shrink control during the curing reaction. This invention is also directed to fiber reinforced thermoset resin articles which exhibit generally improved surface appearance quality and can be produced by a rapid injection molding process from the curable molding compositions.Type: GrantFiled: May 26, 1983Date of Patent: April 29, 1986Assignee: Union Carbide CorporationInventor: Linda A. Domeier
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Patent number: 4575539Abstract: A drug delivery system is provided which is in the form of hydrogel beads employed in a new interpenetrating polymer network which is formed by swelling hydrogel beads with an acrylic swelling agent and reacting the swelling agent with a cross-linking agent. The drug delivery system has superior drug loading capacity and controlled release characteristics.Type: GrantFiled: June 3, 1985Date of Patent: March 11, 1986Assignee: E. R. Squibb & Sons, Inc.Inventors: Mark T. DeCrosta, Nemichand B. Jain, Edward M. Rudnic
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Patent number: 4567234Abstract: The impact resistance of resin compositions consisting of a thermoplastic polymer, particularly a homopolymer or copolymer of vinyl chloride, can be improved by an impact additive of the graft copolymer type. The graft copolymer impact additive consists of a backbone composed of a statistical copolymer of butadiene or isoprene, an alkyl acrylate of a C.sub.2 to C.sub.12 alkyl, and a polyfunctional cross-linking agent, onto which are grafted the chains of a polymer of an alkyl methacrylate of a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl, particularly methyl methacrylate. The backbone of the graft copolymer impact additive comprises 0.5-35% by weight butadiene or isoprene, and up to 10 mole % of the cross-linking agent, while the weight ratio of grafted chains to the backbone can range from 10 to 200%.The resin compositions are particularly useful to improve impact strength at low temperatures.Type: GrantFiled: June 22, 1984Date of Patent: January 28, 1986Assignee: M&T Chemicals Inc.Inventor: Gilles Meunier
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Patent number: 4548993Abstract: Process for cross-linking polypropylene, propylene copolymers, polyethylene, ethylene/propylene and ethylene/propylene/diene elastomeric copolymers and mixtures of said elastomers with above said thermoplastic polyolefins, which consists in modifying the polymer in the molten state, by the addition of 0.01%-10% by weight of carboxylic acid, possibly in the presence of a generator of radicals and by the subsequent salification with metal ions of the thus grafted carboxylic groups. The polymer products thus obtained display considerably improved characteristics under heating. In particular, there are obtained improved processability and elastic recovery characteristics for thermoplastic rubbers.Type: GrantFiled: February 9, 1983Date of Patent: October 22, 1985Assignee: Montedison S.p.A.Inventors: Enea Garagnani, Alessandro Moro, Roberto Marzola
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Patent number: 4537667Abstract: Radiation-curable linear addition polymers or copolymers are disclosed having a weight average molecular weight of from about 1,500 to about 15,000 of polymerized monoethylenically unsaturated monomers, which may include up to 25% by weight of an hydroxy-functional monomer, and which carries an hydroxyl group at most of its ends, reacted with a monoethylenically unsaturated monomer carrying a single functional group reactive with the hydroxyl group, so that the polymer carries monoethylenically unsaturated groups bonded to an average of from 1.6 to 5 of the hydroxyl groups per polymer molecule. The preferred radiation-curable polymers are liquid to slowly flowable at room temperature in the absence of organic solvent, and the monoethylenically unsaturated groups are preferably acrylate groups to enable an ultraviolet cure.Type: GrantFiled: April 25, 1984Date of Patent: August 27, 1985Assignee: DeSoto, Inc.Inventors: Timothy E. Bishop, George Pasternack, John M. Zimmerman
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Patent number: 4532021Abstract: Ultraviolet-curable liquid coating compositions are disclosed in which improved adhesion to metal and plastic surfaces is obtained. This improvement is obtained by using, in admixture: (1) from 10% to about 60% of total resin solids of an organic solvent-soluble solution copolymer of monoethylenically unsaturated monomers including from 2.5% to 10% of tertiary amine monomer which is an aminoalkyl ester or amide of an alpha, beta-monoethylenic monocarboxylic acid in which the alkyl group contains 2-4 carbon atoms; and (2) from 40% to 90% of total resin solids of radiation-curable ethylenically unsaturated liquid. The coating composition includes photoinitiators and/or photosensitizers rendering the composition sensitive to ultraviolet light, and the components are present in solution in at least about 10% of inert volatile organic solvent.Type: GrantFiled: May 7, 1984Date of Patent: July 30, 1985Assignee: DeSoto, Inc.Inventors: Edward J. Murphy, Ronald J. Lewarchik, Jeffrey W. Thompson
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Patent number: 4530944Abstract: Elastomers are plasticized with a polymerizable monomer, in homogeneous admixture therewith, by adding the monomer to a latex of the elastomer, free of polymerization initiator, followed by coagulation of the monomer and polymer solids. The coagulated solids recovered from the latex may be compounded with a polymerization initiator for the monomer and a vulcanizing agent for the polymer and, optionally, an inorganic filler, and shaped into the desired product form. Polymerization of the polymer and vulcanization of the elastomeric polymer are initiated after shaping.Type: GrantFiled: July 2, 1984Date of Patent: July 23, 1985Assignee: SW Industries, Inc.Inventor: Parviz Hamed
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Patent number: 4506048Abstract: A class of polymer precursor materials, which, under appropriate conditions, react to form cross-linked polymers, is disclosed. These materials contain a backbone segment, such as polyacrylate, having pendant therefrom mono- or disubstituted olefinic groups, such as vinyl itaconate, having specific polymerization rates. This class of materials, especially when coupled with specifically-defined oxygen-activated catalyst systems, provide paint and plastic compositions which exhibit excellent film formation, strength and durability characteristics.Type: GrantFiled: October 31, 1983Date of Patent: March 19, 1985Assignee: The Procter & Gamble CompanyInventors: Rodney D. Bush, Medford D. Robbins
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Patent number: 4485198Abstract: Elastomers are plasticized with a polymerizable monomer, in homogeneous admixture therewith, by adding the monomer to a latex of the elastomer, free of polymerization initiator, followed by coagulation of the monomer and polymer solids. The coagulated solids recovered from the latex may be compounded with a polymerization initiator for the monomer and a vulcanizing agent for the polymer and, optionally, an inorganic filler, and shaped into the desired product form. Polymerization of the polymer and vulcanization of the elastomeric polymer are initiated after shaping.Type: GrantFiled: September 23, 1982Date of Patent: November 27, 1984Assignee: SW Industries, Inc.Inventor: Parviz Hamed
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Patent number: 4473679Abstract: Thermoplastic core-shell compositions having a rigid core, a rubbery acrylic shell and transition layer intermediate between the core and shell layers and formed of the core and shell monomer components have excellent elastomeric properties. Although the rigid and rubbery components include interreactive functional monomers, the resulting elastomers remain thermally processable in extrusion and injection molding equipment.Type: GrantFiled: December 12, 1983Date of Patent: September 25, 1984Assignee: Borg-Warner Chemicals, Inc.Inventors: John C. Falk, Stamatios Mylonakis, Donald A. Van Beek, Jr.
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Patent number: 4469825Abstract: The present invention is concerned with the production and use of water-insoluble particulate heteropolymers made by sequential emulsion polymerization in dispersed particles of which a "core" of a polymeric base is at least partially encased in a "sheath" polymer that is permeable to an acid, such as acetic acid, adapted to cause swelling of the core by neutralization. The aqueous dispersion of the acid-swollen, base-containing core/sheath particles is useful in making water-base coating compositions, microvoids being formed in cores of the swollen particles in the film during the drying thereof. Thus, the heteropolymer dispersion can serve as an opacifying agent in coating compositions, such as water-base paints, as a supplement or replacement of part or all of the pigmentary material or extenders that would otherwise be used in such coating compositions.Type: GrantFiled: March 9, 1983Date of Patent: September 4, 1984Assignee: Rohm and Haas CompanyInventors: Alexander Kowalski, Martin Vogel
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Patent number: 4465810Abstract: A class of polymer precursor materials, which, under appropriate conditions, react to form cross-linked polymers, is disclosed. These materials contain a backbone segment, preferably a polyacrylate, and have pendant therefrom (1) reactive mono- or disubstituted olefinic groups, such as vinyl or allyl itaconate, and (2) water-solubilizing groups, such as the half ester of maleic acid. This class of materials, especially when combined with specifically-defined oxygen-activated catalyst systems, provides water-based paint compositions which exhibit film formation, strength and durability characteristics comparable to those of the best solvent-based paint formulations.Type: GrantFiled: July 1, 1982Date of Patent: August 14, 1984Assignee: The Procter & Gamble CompanyInventors: Dennis C. Toepker, Sheila S. Rodriguez, Joel I. Shulman
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Patent number: 4455408Abstract: Quaternary ammonium monomers and monomers copoylmerizable therewith are reacted in the presence of anionic polymers to directly form a dry coacervate by a process which comprises forming a solution comprising the monomer(s), the anionic polymer, solvent(s) and a free-radical initiator and simultaneously polymerizing and drying the solution at a temperature above the boiling point of the solvent.Type: GrantFiled: August 11, 1982Date of Patent: June 19, 1984Assignee: National Starch and Chemical CorporationInventors: Chester D. Szymanski, Dennis Neigel
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Patent number: 4451615Abstract: A structurally toughened heat resistant adhesive composition comprising a solution of polyisoprene elastomer in polymerizable acrylate ester monomers. The adhesive composition also contains an adhesion promoter, a cross-linking agent, a free-radical generator and a free-radical accelerator. The adhesive compositions are generally used as two-part systems, and yield bonds with improved heat and solvent resistant properties. The polymerizable acrylate ester monomers may be monofunctional or a combination of mono- and polyfunctional monomers. Among the useful classes of monomers are alkyl and cycloalkyl acrylates, alkyl and cycloalkyl methacrylates, alkoxy acrylates and methacrylates, alkylene diacrylates and dimethacrylates. A few of the preferred monomers are methyl methacrylate, lauryl methacrylate, isobornyl methacrylate, and tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate.Type: GrantFiled: March 16, 1983Date of Patent: May 29, 1984Assignee: Loctite (Ireland) LimitedInventor: Ronald S. Charnock
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Patent number: 4447582Abstract: A method of improving the handling of low molecular weight EPM or EPDM polymers which includes reacting the low molecular weight polymer with a monomer capable of providing quaternary salt forming groups and then cross linking the resulting polymer with a difunctional cross linking agent whereby the polymer takes on the characteristics of a high molecular weight polymer but which can be returned to the characteristics of a low molecular weight polymer upon exposure to elevated temperature.Type: GrantFiled: April 8, 1983Date of Patent: May 8, 1984Assignee: Copolymer Rubber & Chemical CorporationInventor: Harold J. Gros
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Patent number: 4446175Abstract: Low molecular weight isocyanate-functional acrylic polymers prepared by direct reaction of the monomers, e.g., 2-isocyanatoethyl methacrylate and butyl acrylate, in the presence of a mercaptan chain-transfer agent are good coating materials applicable to a substrate as by spraying and curable by contact with moisture.Type: GrantFiled: December 7, 1981Date of Patent: May 1, 1984Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventors: Darryl W. Brixius, John A. Simms
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Patent number: 4442264Abstract: This invention relates to graft rubbers obtained by the radical polymerization of one or more vinyl-group-containing monomers in the presence of at least one rubber, the polymerization reaction being carried out in the presence of from 0.001 to 1.0% by weight (based on solid graft product) of at least one compound corresponding to the following formula (I): ##STR1## in which X=CL or NO.sub.2Y.sup.1, Y.sup.2 =H, C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -alkyl, NO.sub.2, F, Cl, Br, and to the use of the graft rubbers according to the invention for the production of rubber-modified thermoplastic moulding compositions.Type: GrantFiled: May 2, 1983Date of Patent: April 10, 1984Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Karl Zabrocki, Alfred Pischtschan
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Patent number: 4433111Abstract: Polymeric materials suitable for biomedical applications, particularly in making contact lenses, are formed by copolymerization and crosslinking of: (1) an amide of an unsaturated carboxylic acid such as acrylamide or methacrylamide; (2) an N-vinyl lactam such as N-vinyl pyrrolidone; (3) an ester of an unsaturated carboxylic acid such as a hydroxy-substituted ester of acrylic or methacrylic acid; (4) an unsaturated carboxylic acid such as acrylic or methacrylic acid; and (5) a hydrophobic monomer component comprising: (a) a fluorine-containing polymerizable monomer having a fluoroaliphatic side chain, such as fluoroalkyl acrylate or methacrylate, and (b) a non-fluorine-containing polymerizable hydrophobic vinyl monomer such as styrene; crosslinking with a crosslinking agent either being carried out during copolymerization or subsequently.Type: GrantFiled: October 8, 1981Date of Patent: February 21, 1984Assignee: Kelvin Lenses LimitedInventors: Brian J. Tighe, Howard J. Gee
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Patent number: 4427835Abstract: A class of polymer precursor materials, which, under appropriate conditions, react to form cross-linked polymers, is disclosed. These materials contain a backbone segment, such as polyacrylate, having pendant therefrom mono- or disubstituted olefinic groups, such as vinyl itaconate, having specific polymerization rates. This class of materials, especially when coupled with specifically-defined oxygen-activated catalyst systems, provide paint and plastic compositions which exhibit excellent film formation, strength and durability characteristics.Type: GrantFiled: August 7, 1981Date of Patent: January 24, 1984Assignee: The Procter & Gamble CompanyInventors: Rodney D. Bush, Medford D. Robbins
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Patent number: 4426483Abstract: Disclosed are novel organic pigments adapted particularly for use as fillers for paper. The organic pigments are finely divided particles obtained by graft copolymerizing an ethylenically unsaturated monomer, such as styrene, onto a water-soluble cationic prepolymer in an aqueous solution and in the presence of a free-radical polymerization initiator.Type: GrantFiled: May 11, 1982Date of Patent: January 17, 1984Assignee: Hercules IncorporatedInventors: William W. Maslanka, Gavin G. Spence
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Patent number: 4426481Abstract: A diffusion control layer comprising a polymerization product of a monomer capable of undergoing .beta.-elimination in an alkaline environment is disclosed for use in diffusion transfer film units, as an interlayer or overcoat in photosensitive elements, or as a timing layer or overcoat in image-receiving elements.Type: GrantFiled: July 23, 1981Date of Patent: January 17, 1984Assignee: Polaroid CorporationInventor: Charles I. Sullivan
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Patent number: 4409367Abstract: There is disclosed an improved process for cross-linking polymers by contacting said polymers with a cross-linking agent at an elevated temperature. The improvement comprises using as the cross-linking agent a compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl groups having 1-22 carbon atoms, alkenyl groups having 2-22 carbon atoms, cyclohexyl groups having 6-20 carbon atoms, phenyl groups having 6-20 carbon atoms, aralkyl groups having 7-20 carbon atoms, alkyloxy groups having 1-22 carbon atoms, alkenyloxy groups having 2-22 carbon atoms, and cyclohexyloxy groups having 6-20 carbon atoms, all of which groups may be substituted or unsubstituted; R.sub.3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl groups having 1-22 carbon atoms, alkenyl groups having 2-22 carbon atoms, cyclohexyl groups having 6-20 carbon atoms, phenyl groups having 6-20 carbon atoms, aralkyl groups having 7-20 carbon atoms, and ##STR2## wherein R.sub.Type: GrantFiled: January 8, 1982Date of Patent: October 11, 1983Assignee: Akzona IncorporatedInventors: Wilhelmus M. Beijleveld, Jan D. van Drumpt
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Patent number: 4403063Abstract: Disclosed are novel organic pigments adapted particularly for use as fillers for paper. The organic pigments are finely divided particles obtained by graft copolymerizing an ethylenically unsaturated monomer, such as styrene, onto a water-soluble cationic prepolymer in an aqueous solution and in the presence of a free-radical polymerization initiator.Type: GrantFiled: June 30, 1982Date of Patent: September 6, 1983Assignee: Hercules IncorporatedInventors: William W. Maslanka, Gavin G. Spence
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Patent number: 4394487Abstract: Adsorbents are provided for the affinity-specific separation of macromolecular materials, particularly biopolymers, the adsorbents comprising a polymeric carrier on to which an affine residue for the macromolecular material is covalently bound, either directly or via polymeric spacer. Preferred affine residue is comprised of a specific complex formers which are base-specific and/or structure specific for the macromolecular material. The invention also provides novel complex formers comprising a certain dyestuff residues and processes for their preparation.Type: GrantFiled: October 7, 1981Date of Patent: July 19, 1983Assignee: Boehringer Mannheim GmbHInventors: Werner Muller, Hans Bunemann
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Patent number: 4369292Abstract: Disclosed are novel organic pigments adapted particularly for use as fillers for paper. The organic pigments are finely divided particles obtained by graft copolymerizing an ethylenically unsaturated monomer, such as styrene, onto a water-soluble cationic prepolymer in an aqueous solution and in the presence of a free-radical polymerization initiator.Type: GrantFiled: June 12, 1980Date of Patent: January 18, 1983Assignee: Hercules IncorporatedInventors: William W. Maslanka, Gavin G. Spence
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Patent number: 4366099Abstract: A process for reducing the volatility and improving the emulsifying power of an unsaturated or saturated cosmetic oil comprising heating the cosmetic oil, in the absence of a solvent and under an inert atmosphere, with a homopolymerizable and hydrophilic monomer in the presence of an initiator generating free radicals. The monomer is selected from the group consisting of N-vinylpyrrolidone, 2-hydroxymethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxymethyl methacrylate, acrylamide, methacrylamide, N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide, N-(carboxyhydroxy) methacrylamide, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, 2-vinylpyridine, 4-vinylpyridine and a monomer having the formula, ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen or methyl, Y is O or NH, r' is methyl or ethyl and n is 2 or 3. The resulting modified oil is then purified to remove any insoluble nongrafted homopolymer.Type: GrantFiled: April 25, 1980Date of Patent: December 28, 1982Assignee: Societe Anonyme dite: L'OrealInventors: Quintino Gaetani, Christos Papantoniou
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Patent number: 4358355Abstract: Polymeric material comprising at least four polymeric constituents which comprise mer units of the following types:I acrylamide or derivatives thereofII acrylonitrile or derivatives thereofIII acrylic acid and esters, or derivatives thereofIV alkylol, sulphonyl or phosphonyl derivatives of I.The polymeric materials are useful as components of water bearing systems which are in the form of gels or suspensions.Type: GrantFiled: September 2, 1981Date of Patent: November 9, 1982Assignee: ICI Australia LimitedInventors: Georgina Kalu, Michael Markus
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Patent number: 4358567Abstract: A resin for hairdressing is obtained by: copolymerizing in a hydrophilic solvent a monomer (1), which is specific derivative of acrylic or methacrylic acid, and a monomer (3), which is a specific (meth)acrylic acid ester, and, optionally in addition, any of a monomer (2), which is another specific (meth)acrylic acid ester, and monomer (4), which is a hydrophilic ethylenically unsaturated monomer, and a monomer (5), which is an ethylenically unsaturated monomer other than the monomers (1) through (4); causing the copolymer thus formed to react in the state of a solution in a hydrophilic solvent with sodium or potassium haloacetate; removing any precipitate formed as by-product; and, if necessary, subjecting the copolymer solution thus obtained to an ion-exchange resin treatment thereby to remove ionic impurities.Type: GrantFiled: January 31, 1980Date of Patent: November 9, 1982Assignee: Mitsubishi Petrochemical Company LimitedInventors: Kazuhide Hayama, Kanji Narazaki
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Patent number: 4355071Abstract: The weatherability and durability of clear coat/color coat finishes can be significantly increased by incorporating one or more ultraviolet light stabilizers into the color coat.Type: GrantFiled: May 5, 1980Date of Patent: October 19, 1982Assignee: E. I. DuPont de Nemours and CompanyInventor: David C. Chang
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Patent number: 4353818Abstract: Disclosed are novel organic pigments adapted particularly for use as fillers for paper. The organic pigments are finely divided particles obtained by graft copolymerizing an ethylenically unsaturated monomer, such as styrene, onto a water-soluble cationic prepolymer in an aqueous solution and in the presence of a free-radical polymerization initiator.Type: GrantFiled: June 19, 1980Date of Patent: October 12, 1982Assignee: Hercules IncorporatedInventors: William W. Maslanka, Gavin G. Spence
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Patent number: 4351755Abstract: Low molecular weight polydisperse isocyanate-functional acrylic polymers are provided which contain terminal monosulfide groups on at least 10% by number of polymer molecules but are substantially free of toxic monomeric isocyanates.The polymers are prepared by direct reaction of the monomers, e.g., 2-isocyanatoethyl methacrylate and butyl acrylate, in the presence of a mercaptan chain-transfer agent and a polymerization initiator but in the substantial absence of water and of Lewis-type bases. They can be crosslinked and are useful in a variety of applications such as moisture-curing coating compositions.Type: GrantFiled: October 8, 1980Date of Patent: September 28, 1982Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventors: Darryl W. Brixius, John A. Simms