Nitrogen Atom Is Part Of A Carboxylic Acid Amide Group Patents (Class 525/296)
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Patent number: 5595821Abstract: This invention relates to water dispersible polymeric films, to processes for the film preparation and materials for use in forming the water dispersible polymeric films.Type: GrantFiled: May 15, 1995Date of Patent: January 21, 1997Assignee: Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing CompanyInventors: Patrick J. Hager, Richard J. Goetz
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Patent number: 5576394Abstract: The present invention provides a functional group-containing alkyl acrylate-butadiene-aromatic vinyl compound copolymer which is obtained from the following layers by emulsion graftlinking polymerization: an inner layer comprising polybutadiene or an aromatic vinyl compound-butadiene copolymer; a middle layer comprising an aromatic vinyl compound--an alkyl acrylate copolymer; and an outer layer comprising an alkyl acrylate--a functional group-containing vinyl compound copolymer. The functional group-containing alkyl acrylate-butadiene-aromatic vinyl compound copolymer can be incorporated into a PC/PBT alloy as an impact modifier, thus the impact strength of the modified alloy composition at room temperature and low temperatures can be increased effectively.Type: GrantFiled: June 27, 1995Date of Patent: November 19, 1996Assignee: Industrial Technology Research InstituteInventors: Cheng-Lung Chao, Juh-Shyong Lee, Feng-Chih Chang
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Patent number: 5576393Abstract: Polymer particles which are substantially spherical and have protrusions on the surface thereof, with such a particle size distribution that the volume mean diameter dv thereof is 1.ltoreq.dv.ltoreq.15 (.mu.m), and the ratio of the volume mean diameter dv to the number mean diameter dn thereof, that is, dv/dn, is 1.ltoreq.dv/dn.ltoreq.1.2, are prepared, and used as a component for a toner for use in electrophotography.Type: GrantFiled: May 26, 1995Date of Patent: November 19, 1996Assignee: Ricoh Company, Ltd.Inventors: Hiroshi Yamashita, Hiromitsu Kawase, Keiko Shiraishi
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Patent number: 5574110Abstract: Polymeric gloss modifiers, are prepared by forming polymer latices of a core/shell structure or a multi-layered structure, and coagulating and interparticle crosslinking the polymer latices. Said modifiers are used in preparing a low gloss thermoplastic resin compound.Type: GrantFiled: April 19, 1994Date of Patent: November 12, 1996Assignee: Lucky LimitedInventors: Jin-Nyoung Yoo, Dong-Ok Kim, Yeong-Rae Chang, Myung-Man Kim, Jong-Kee Yeo
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Patent number: 5571869Abstract: Grafted polymer particles are prepared by a free-radical addition polymerization mechanism using a flame produced by igniting a mixture of a combustible gas and an oxidant to heat at least a portion of the surface of a solid polymer particle to produce free-radicals thereon. At least one polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomer is contacted and reacted with the free-radicals formed on the surface of the polymer to form a graft thereon.Type: GrantFiled: April 25, 1995Date of Patent: November 5, 1996Assignee: The University of AkronInventors: Sunggyu Lee, Ramesh Rengarajan
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Patent number: 5567775Abstract: This invention provides for curable and graft-cured polymer compositions prepared from a mixture comprising:a) an elastomeric copolymer containing from about 0.01 up to about 10 mole % of Y ester groups randomly distributed along and pendant to the elastomeric polymer chain, said Y ester groups having the structure: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and an alkyl group containing 1 to about 6 carbon atoms and R.sub.4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkyl group containing from 1 to about 28 carbon atoms, an aryl group and an alkenyl group containing from 2 to about 28 carbon atoms; andb) at least one free radically polymerizable monomer. The invention also provides for a process for preparing graft-cured polymer compositions comprising forming the above recited mixture of (a) and (b) and subjecting said mixture to free radical polymerization conditions. The Y ester groups pendant to the elastomeric polymer chain, e.g.Type: GrantFiled: June 6, 1995Date of Patent: October 22, 1996Assignee: Exxon Chemical Patents Inc.Inventors: Hsien C. Wang, Irwin J. Gardner, James V. Fusco
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Patent number: 5567774Abstract: A process for the preparation of hydrocarbon solutions of monofunctional ether initiators of the following general structure:M--Z--O--C(R.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.3)wherein M is an alkali metal; Z is a branched or straight chain hydrocarbon group which contains 3-25 carbon atoms, optionally containing aryl or substituted aryl groups; and R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl or substituted aryl groups, and their employment as initiators in the anionic polymerization of olefin containing monomers in an inert, hydrocarbon solvent comprising reacting an omega-protected-1-haloalkyl with lithium metal dispersion having a particle size between 10 and 300 millimicrons in size, at a temperature between 35.degree. and 130.degree. C. in an alkane solvent containing 5 to 10 carbon atoms.Type: GrantFiled: June 2, 1995Date of Patent: October 22, 1996Assignee: FMC CorporationInventors: James A. Schwindeman, Eric J. Granger, John F. Engel, Conrad W. Kamienski
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Patent number: 5565526Abstract: A process for the preparation of hydrocarbon solutions of monofunctional ether initiators of the following general structure:M--Q.sub.n --Z--OA(R.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.3) (II)wherein M is defined as an alkali metal, selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium and potassium, Q is a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbyl group derived by incorporation of a compound selected from the group consisting of conjugated diene hydrocarbons and alkenylsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbons; Z is defined as a branched or straight chain hydrocarbon tether or connecting group which contains 3-25 carbon atoms, optionally containing aryl or substituted aryl groups; A is an element selected from Group IVa of the periodic table and R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl or substituted aryl groups, and n is an integer from 1 to 5.Type: GrantFiled: May 8, 1995Date of Patent: October 15, 1996Assignee: FMC CorporationInventors: James A. Schwindeman, Conrad W. Kamienski, Robert C. Morrison
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Patent number: 5563218Abstract: Superabsorbent, high gel strength/short gel time acrylic polymers, well suited for the production of items of feminine hygiene/adult incontinence, are prepared by (a) inversely suspending an aqueous acrylic monomer phase in an organic solvent in the presence of an emulsifying agent having an HLB of from 8 to 12, the aqueous monomer phase also comprising a crosslinking agent therefor, (b) polymerizing the inverse suspension of acrylic monomer into a polymer gel, (c) absorbing a second charge of acrylic monomer into the polymer gel thus attained, the ratio of the amount of the second monomer charge to the amount of monomer in the beginning aqueous phase ranging from 1 to 1.2, (d) introducing a surfactant having an HLB of from 2 to 5 into the medium of polymerization, and (e) polymerizing the second monomer charge within the polymer gel.Type: GrantFiled: August 25, 1994Date of Patent: October 8, 1996Assignee: Elf Atochem S.A.Inventors: Shu R. Rebre, Christian Collette, Thierry Guerin
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Patent number: 5536786Abstract: Adhesive beads comprise a core comprising a pressure sensitive adhesive material and an essentially discontinuous organic polymer disposed about the core. The beads are free-flowing at room temperature. Upon application of heat and/or pressure the core is activated and blends with the coating to provide a pressure sensitive adhesive.Type: GrantFiled: April 25, 1994Date of Patent: July 16, 1996Assignee: Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing CompanyInventors: Joseph P. Callahan, Jr., Rudyard M. Enanoza, Mark D. Weigel
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Patent number: 5534174Abstract: Graft copolymers of a star-shaped polymer and an N-allyl amide manifest dispersant and viscosity index-improving properties.Type: GrantFiled: April 20, 1990Date of Patent: July 9, 1996Assignee: Ethyl Petroleum Additives, Inc.Inventors: Christian S. Harstick, Kenneth O. Henderson
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Patent number: 5527859Abstract: Copolymers crosslinkable by a free radical method are prepared by polymer-analogous reaction ofA) a copolymer (A) which is composed ofa1) from 20 to 85 mol % of a monomer (a1) having the structural element of methacrylic acid anda2) from 15 to 80 mol % of another monomer (a2) which undergoes free radical polymerization,a3) from 5 to 50 mol % of the total amount of the monomers (a1) and (a2) being monomers (a3) which carry functional groups and whose functional groups are capable of undergoing a condensation or addition reaction,withB) an olefinically unsaturated monomer (B) which carries a functional group which is complementary to that of the monomers (a3),by a process in which the polymer-analogous reaction is carried out at from 90.degree. to 150.degree. C. in an average residence time of from 3 to 20 minutes in highly concentrated solution or in the absence of a solvent. Said copolymers are used as binders for powder coatings.Type: GrantFiled: August 2, 1995Date of Patent: June 18, 1996Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Fritz E. Kempter, Wolfgang Reich, Jurgen Hofmann
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Patent number: 5523358Abstract: A process for preparation of modified polyolefin particles which comprises contacting and reacting(A) 100 wt. parts of polyolefin particles with(B) 0.01 to 50 wt. parts of at least one ethylenic unsaturated compound selected from the group consisting of carboxyl group-containing ethylenic unsaturated compounds or their carboxylic anhydrides or their carboxylic acid derivatives, hydroxyl group-containing ethylenic unsaturated compounds, amino-group-containing ethylenic unsaturated compounds, and glycidyl group-containing ethylenic unsaturated compounds,in the presence of(C) more than 10 wt. parts to not more than 50 wt. parts of a medium of a liquid state at ordinary temperature whose solubility in water at 20.degree. C. is 0.5 wt. % or less and which is capable of swelling the polyolefin, and(D) 0.01 to 10 wt. parts of a radical initiator; andmodified polyolefin particles prepared by the aforesaid process.Type: GrantFiled: April 22, 1994Date of Patent: June 4, 1996Assignee: Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd.Inventors: Toshiyuki Hirose, Hajime Inagaki, Mamoru Kioka, Akinori Toyota, Norio Kashiwa
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Patent number: 5523008Abstract: A grafted polyolefin containing at least about 13 moles of N-vinylimidazole or other ethylenically-unsaturated nitrogen-containing and/or oxygen-containing monomers per mole of a grafted polyolefin backbone is disclosed. The graft polyolefin has a weight average molecular weight of from about 20,000 to about 500,000 and a polydispersity of less than about 10. The grafted polyolefin can alternatively be defined as containing more than about 1.2% by weight of grafted monomer on a polyolefin. Also described is a lubricating oil comprising a lubricant base oil and a grafted polyolefin as described above. Also described is a method of making a dispersant-viscosity index improver. N-vinylimidazole or other ethylenically unsaturated nitrogen-containing and/or oxygen-containing monomers and a graftable polyolefin are reacted with enough of an initiator to graft at least about 13 moles of the monomer to each mole of the polyolefin.Type: GrantFiled: October 21, 1994Date of Patent: June 4, 1996Assignee: Castrol LimitedInventors: Frederick J. Boden, Richard P. Sauer, Irwin L. Goldblatt, Michael E. McHenry
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Patent number: 5514754Abstract: A method of enhancing the water absorbance of and increasing the particle size of fine water absorbent cross-linked polyacrylic polymer particles includes impregnating the polymer particles with an impregnating monomer solution containing an acrylic monomer, with or without a cross-linking agent for the acrylic monomer. The solution is impregnated into the resin in a weight ratio of cross-linked polyacrylic polymer, dry basis, to impregnating monomer solution in the range of about 1:1 to about 1:10; and subjecting the impregnated polymer to conditions, such as increased temperature, e.g., 100.degree. C.-150.degree. C. to polymerize the impregnated monomer, within the cross-linked polymer particles, to form a cross-linked polyacrylic polymer having enhanced water absorbance and increased particle size.Type: GrantFiled: September 28, 1994Date of Patent: May 7, 1996Assignee: American Colloid CompanyInventors: John A. Henderson, Anthony S. Tomlin, David M. Lucas
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Patent number: 5512636Abstract: Agglomerating agent and method for use in heap leaching of mineral bearing ores. Cationic polymers alone or in combination with cement or lime are highly effective agglomerating agents in acidic or alkaline leaching operations. The cationic polymers are preferably graft copolymers, block copolymers or linear copolymers of acrylamide and diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride.Type: GrantFiled: September 6, 1994Date of Patent: April 30, 1996Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.Inventors: David M. Polizzotti, Wen P. Liao, Donald C. Roe
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Patent number: 5508313Abstract: The invention provides inherently tacky, polymeric, organic, solvent-insoluble, solvent dispersible, elastomeric, pressure sensitive adhesive microspheres having pendant hydrophilic polymeric or oligomeric moieties having a degree of polymerization greater than or equal to 2. The microspheres which are sterically stabilized can offer enhanced stability against coagulation caused by alkali, alkali salts, polyelectrolytes and repeated freeze/thaw cycles. The present invention also provides pressure-sensitive adhesives comprising these microspheres including aerosol spray PSAs, coated sheet materials prepared therefrom, and method of making the microspheres.Type: GrantFiled: November 2, 1994Date of Patent: April 16, 1996Assignee: Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing CompanyInventors: Joaquin Delgado, Richard J. Goetz, Spencer F. Silver
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Patent number: 5502086Abstract: A water-absorptive contact lens obtained by saponification of a copolymer composed essentially of (A) from 1 to 30% by weight of a (meth)acrylate polymer having at least one polymerizable group per molecule on an average obtained by copolymerizing (a) an alkyl (meth)acrylate and (b) a monomer having at least two polymerizable groups per molecule, as the main components; (B) from 45 to 95% by weight of a fatty acid vinyl ester; (C) from 0.02 to 10% by weight of a crosslinking agent which is not decomposable by saponification; and (D) from 0.1 to 20% by weight of a crosslinking agent which is decomposable by saponification.Type: GrantFiled: June 20, 1994Date of Patent: March 26, 1996Assignee: Menicon Co., Ltd.Inventors: Haruyuki Hiratani, Keiji Sugimoto
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Patent number: 5500251Abstract: N-(4-alkylphenyl)acrylamides, N-(4-alkylphenyl)methacrylamides and N-(4-alkylphenyl)maleimides, when co-polymerized into conventional polymer systems promote adhesion of such systems to low energy polyolefin surfaces. These compounds are effective in increasing the adhesive coating properties of both solution polymer and emulsion polymer systems.Type: GrantFiled: June 17, 1994Date of Patent: March 19, 1996Assignee: Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.Inventors: William F. Burgoyne, Jr., Wiley E. Daniels, Dennis Sagl, Heueh-Chi Lee, Menas S. Vratsanos
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Patent number: 5494971Abstract: A multistaged polymer containing a hydrophilic core fully encapsulated with a hydrophobic shell without a tiecoat layer is disclosed. A method is also disclosed for encapsulating hydrophilic polymers including the steps of:(1) emulsion polymerizing a hydrophilic core polymer from about 5% by weight to about 100% by weight, based on the total weight of the core polymer, of a hydrophilic monoethylenically unsaturated monomer and from 0% by weight to about 95% by weight, based on the total weight of the core polymer, of at least one nonionic monoethylenically unsaturated monomer;(2) emulsion polymerizing, in the presence of the core polymer, at least one shell polymer from about 90% by weight to about 99.9% by weight, based on the total weight of shell polymer, of at least one nonionic monoethylenically unsaturated monomer and from about 0.Type: GrantFiled: August 12, 1994Date of Patent: February 27, 1996Assignee: Rohm and Haas CompanyInventor: Robert M. Blankenship
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Patent number: 5470916Abstract: Matrices for electrokinetic and chromatographic separations, based on a unique class of mono- and disubstituted (on the amido nitrogen) acrylamides (e.g., acrylamido-N-ethoxy ethanol, acrylamido-N,N-diethoxy ethanol) off erthe following advantages: a) strong resistance to the alkaline hydrolysis (most zone separations occurring at basic pH values); b) a high hydrophilicity; and c) greater porosity, due to the larger M.sub.r value of the monomers. Such matrices can be prepared as `chemically crosslinked` gels or as `physical` gels, the latter consisting of strings of monofunctional monomer in the absence of crosslinker, at concentrations above the entanglement threshold. It is moreover possible to further increment the gel porosity by polymerizing it in the presence of laterally aggregating agents (e.g., polyethylene glycol of M.sub.r 6-20,000 Da), thus obtaining matrices which allow better resolution of large M.sub.Type: GrantFiled: June 3, 1994Date of Patent: November 28, 1995Inventors: Pier G. Righetti, Marcella Chiari
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Patent number: 5461125Abstract: The present invention provides:A core-shell insert latex composition comprising latex particles, each latex particle comprising:(a) a core comprising a (co)polymer comprising (meth)acrylate ester;(b) a shell, surrounding the core, comprising a copolymer, wherein the copolymer comprises:(i) a nitrogen-bearing ethylenically-unsaturated free-radically polymerizable monomer;(ii) at least one (meth)acrylate ester of about a C.sub.1 to about a C.sub.14 alcohol; and(iii) an optional ethylenically-unsaturated free-radically polymerizable silane monomer; wherein the nitrogen-bearing ethylenically-unsaturated free-radically polymerizable monomer comprises from about 15 to about 60 percent by weight of the shell and further wherein the core comprises from about 40 to about 85 percent of the weight of the total core-shell latex particle.The invention also relates to the use of the core-shell latex composition as a binder or primer for coatings and adhesives.Type: GrantFiled: April 30, 1993Date of Patent: October 24, 1995Assignee: Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing CompanyInventors: Ying-Yuh Lu, Chi-Ming Tseng, James E. Bunker, Terrence E. Cooprider, Ronald W. Most, Gregory J. Stanich
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Patent number: 5447992Abstract: Cured blends of acrylonitrile/butadiene (NBR)/epichlorohydrin rubbers are provided that are free of poisonous lead compounds with ozone resistance of 10 hours or more and good heat resistance and fuel and oil resistance. These acrylonitrile/butadiene rubbers contain 28 to 33% by weight of acrylonitrile. The epichlorohydrin rubbers are useful in this invention which contains at least 4 to 12% of allyl glycidyl ether and may contain 0 to 35% of ethylene oxide, preferably 2 to 6% and up to 15%. The acrylonitrile/butadiene rubber is preferably of so-called bound antioxidant type which contains about 1 to about 10% by weight of polymerized attached antioxidant containing monomer.Type: GrantFiled: June 13, 1994Date of Patent: September 5, 1995Assignee: The Goodyear Tire & Rubber CompanyInventor: James W. Horvath
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Patent number: 5444125Abstract: An aminated polymer having excellent adhesion, printability, and compatibility in polymer blends or the like which are obtained by introducing an amino group, into an isotactic .alpha.-olefin polymer having an olefinic unsaturated bond at its terminus is disclosed. The terminal unsaturated isotactic or syndiotactic .alpha.-olefin polymer is obtained by polymerizing an .alpha.-olefin with a catalyst comprising the combination of a metallocene compound and an alumoxane, and the amino group is obtained by the amination of the terminal unsaturated group, by the addition of a compound containing the corresponding functional group to the unsaturated bond, or by the conversion of a precursor polymer containing a precursor of the functional group into a polymer containing the functional group desired.Type: GrantFiled: April 30, 1992Date of Patent: August 22, 1995Assignee: Mitsubishi Petrochemical Company LimitedInventors: Masayuki Tomita, Hideshi Uchino, Toshihiko Sugano, Takashi Fujita, Mitsutoshi Aritomi
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Patent number: 5439983Abstract: The present invention provides graft copolymers that are highly absorbent to aqueous electrolyte solutions.Type: GrantFiled: July 27, 1994Date of Patent: August 8, 1995Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventors: Iqbal Ahmed, Henry L. Hsieh
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Patent number: 5439981Abstract: Graft polymers which comprise 20 to 99.9% by weight of an ethylene copolymer (base polymer) and 0.1 to 80% by weight of a graft component. The base polymer includes 30% to 95% by weight of ethylene and (1) 5% to 70% by weight of vinyl esters of saturated aliphatic C.sub.2 - to C.sub.18 -monocarboxylic acids or (2) 4% to 50% by weight of vinyl esters of saturated aliphatic C.sub.2 - to C.sub.18 -monocarboxylic acids and 1% to 20% by weight of linear or branched C.sub.3 - to C.sub.18 -monoolefins. Graft components are N-substituted alpha,beta-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid imides, dicarboxylic acid amides, dicarboxylic acid half-amides, or ammonium salts of the half-amides. The graft polymers are employed for improving the flow properties of paraffin-containing mineral oils, mineral oil distillates, and middle distillates.Type: GrantFiled: December 7, 1993Date of Patent: August 8, 1995Assignee: Hoechst AktiengesellschaftInventors: Juliane Balzer, Michael Feustel, Matthias Krull, Werner Reimann
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Patent number: 5436297Abstract: A modified polyolefin comprising: (A) 100 parts by weight of a polyolefin; (B) 0.01 to 20 parts by weight of a monomer mixture consisting of: (b-1) 5 to 50% by mole of glycidyl acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate or an unsaturated glycidyl compound represented by general formula (I) below ##STR1## wherein R is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; Ar is an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms and having at least one glycidyl group; and n is an integer of 1 to 4, and (b-2) 95 to 50% by mole of at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of acrylamide monomers, vinylpyrrolidones, acrylic acid esters and methacrylic acid esters, the monomer mixture being graft-copolymerized with the polyolefin.Type: GrantFiled: October 27, 1993Date of Patent: July 25, 1995Assignee: Tonen CorporationInventors: Tatsuo Teraya, Shintaro Kikuchi, Kouichi Yokoyama, Yuji Fujita
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Patent number: 5432237Abstract: Disclosed is a radical polymerizable composition comprised of a polymer having a .pi.-electron conjugated structure having repeating units of a mono-substituted or di-substituted isothianaphthene structure, which is represented by the formula [Ia] and/or [Ib]: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 represent hydrogen, C1-C18 alkoxy group, or --O(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.n CH.sub.3 [n: 1 to 4] with the proviso that the case where both R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 represent hydrogen is excluded, X is an anion, y is from 0.01 to 1, and m is from 5 to 5,000,and a radical polymerizable compound. The radical polymerizable composition has a very stable electroconductivity in air and can be molded into an optional shape.Type: GrantFiled: January 24, 1994Date of Patent: July 11, 1995Assignee: Showa Denko K.K.Inventors: Reiko Otsuka, Yoshiaki Ikenoue, Yoshihiro Saida, Masao Kobayashi
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Patent number: 5426154Abstract: This invention provides thermally reversible graft copolymer comprising a vinyl polymer graft-polymerized to a polymer of N-substituted acrylamide or methacrylamide derivatives.Type: GrantFiled: September 19, 1991Date of Patent: June 20, 1995Assignee: W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn.Inventors: Masato Mikami, Yuichi Mori, Hiroshi Yoshioka
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Patent number: 5426133Abstract: 1. A water-absorptive contact lens obtained by saponification of a copolymer composed essentially of:(A) from 1 to 30% by weight of a (meth)acrylate polymer having at least one polymerizable group per molecule on an average obtained by copolymerizing (a) an alkyl (meth)acrylate and (b) a monomer having at least two polymerizable groups per molecule, as the main components;(B) from 1 to 10% by weight of a vinyl monomer selected from the group consisting of maleic acid esters and N-vinyl lactams;(C) from 50 to 98% by weight of a fatty acid vinyl ester; and(D) from 0.02 to 10% by weight of a cross linking monomer.Type: GrantFiled: September 10, 1993Date of Patent: June 20, 1995Assignee: Menicon Co., Ltd.Inventors: Yasuhito Hishida, Masanori Kadoya, Keiji Sugimoto, Tsuyoshi Watanabe, Noriko Iwata
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Patent number: 5424369Abstract: A self-crosslinking resin comprising a resin containing a blocked isocyanate group, and a resin containing a hydroxyl group, and a tertiary amino group and/or a quaternary ammonium group and attached to the resin by a urethane bond.The self-crosslinking resins are useful for adhesive compositions and coating compositions of the aqueous type.Type: GrantFiled: June 17, 1992Date of Patent: June 13, 1995Assignee: Kansai Paint Company, LimitedInventors: Yoshiyuki Yukawa, Motoshi Yabuta, Yasushi Nakao
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Patent number: 5409776Abstract: A multi-shell emulsion particle of dry state structure having one or more of penetrating pore(s) connecting the surface layer of the particle with the interior of the particle and having a particle diameter of from 0.1 to 5.0.mu. preferably from 0.1 to 1.2.mu..Type: GrantFiled: February 1, 1994Date of Patent: April 25, 1995Assignee: Mitsui Tomatsu Chemicals, IncorporatedInventors: Kousuke Someya, Akihiro Yamazaki, Futoshi Hoshino, Takeshi Yanagihara
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Patent number: 5403894Abstract: Redispersible polymer powders made by core-shell polymers having an alkali-soluble emulsion polymer shell and an aqueous-insoluble emulsion polymer core wherein the core and the shell polymers are chemically grafted by utilizing a polyfunctional compound. The core-shell polymers are produced by a two-stage sequential emulsion polymerization process in which an alkali-insoluble emulsion polymer core is polymerized in the presence of an alkali-solubilized emulsion polymer. When the core-shell polymer powders of this invention are employed as a cement modifier, improvements in the powder physical properties and cement mortar properties are realized.Type: GrantFiled: July 11, 1991Date of Patent: April 4, 1995Assignee: Rohm and Haas CompanyInventors: Min-Chi Tsai, George A. Papsin, Jr., Shang-Jaw Chiou
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Patent number: 5401427Abstract: Degraded molecular weight copolymers of ethylene alpha-olefin are provided. The ethylene alpha-olefin copolymers, before degradation, are characterized by having a narrow molecular weight distribution and are comprised of intramolecularly heterogeneous and intermolecularly homogeneous copolymer chains. The degraded copolymers are useful as viscosity index improvers for oils.Type: GrantFiled: June 18, 1993Date of Patent: March 28, 1995Assignee: Exxon Chemical Patents Inc.Inventors: David Y. Chung, Mark J. Struglinski
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Patent number: 5401805Abstract: Graft copolymers are disclosed which comprise an olefin borane-containing homopolymer or copolymer backbone polymer having radically polymerized polymeric segments chemically bonded as side chains or as a chain end. A borane-containing diene homopolymer or a copolymer of a diene and/or at least one alpha-olefin having from about 2 to 22 carbon atoms copolymerized with another monomer containing organoborane functional groups can be used as a backbone polymer to prepare the graft copolymers of the present invention. Under oxidation conditions, the borane group becomes the reaction site for the radical polymerization and copolymerization. Radical polymerizable monomers, such as methyl methacrylate, styrene, alpha-methylstyrene, acrylonitrile and the like, can be polymerized to yield high molecular weight graft copolymer. By this synthetic route, high graft efficiency is observed with only a very low concentration of homopolymer being produced.Type: GrantFiled: November 3, 1993Date of Patent: March 28, 1995Assignee: The Penn State Research FoundationInventors: T. C. Chung, G. J. Jiang, D. Rhubright
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Patent number: 5399401Abstract: Highly flexible articles having wall thickness of at least 0.01 inches are made from chlorine-free direct ethylene copolymers containing small amounts of selected known slip additives. Articles in the form of tubes or tubing have particular utility for replacement of PVC based tubing used in medical applications.Type: GrantFiled: February 22, 1994Date of Patent: March 21, 1995Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventor: Richard J. Powell
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Patent number: 5391631Abstract: A vinyl polymer is obtainable by polymerizing vinyl monomers in at least two stages by a procedure in which, in a first stage, from 5 to 95% by weight of vinyl monomers are polymerized in an organic solvent or in the absence of a solvent and, in the second stage, from 5 to 95% by weight of the vinyl monomers are polymerized in the presence of the vinyl polymer obtained in the first stage, likewise in an organic solvent or in the absence of a solvent, with the proviso that the polymerization in the second stage is carried out under conditions under which an average molecular weight M.sub.n, which is at least 1,000 higher compared with that of the vinyl polymer, the first stage of results for the vinyl monomers of the second stage in the absence of the vinyl polymer obtained in the first stage.Type: GrantFiled: May 27, 1993Date of Patent: February 21, 1995Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Bettina Porsch, Hans Renz
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Patent number: 5385982Abstract: Refrigerator and freezer liners are molded from rubber modified graft copolymers of acrylonitrile and methyl acrylate. These polymers comprise 14 to 30 percent by weight of a butadiene-acrylonitrile elastomer rubber. Further these polymers show excellent impact strength at low temperatures and are resistant to solvents used as blowing agents for refrigerator and freezer insulation.Type: GrantFiled: January 21, 1994Date of Patent: January 31, 1995Assignee: The Standard Oil CompanyInventor: Joseph P. McCaul
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Patent number: 5385676Abstract: A method of dewatering paint spray booth sludge by adding to the water system of a paint spray booth a water soluble graft copolymer having the structure: ##STR1## wherein E is the repeat unit obtained after polymerization of an, ethylenically unsaturated compound, the molar percentage of a:b is from about 95:5 to 5:95, with the proviso that the sum of a and b equals 100%; G comprises the structure: ##STR2## wherein d is a cationic monomer, R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are the same or different and are hydrogen or a lower alkyl group having C.sub.1 to C.sub.3, F is the salt of an ammonium cation and the molar percentage of c:d is from 95:5 to 5:95 with the proviso that the sum of c and d equals 100%.Type: GrantFiled: August 3, 1993Date of Patent: January 31, 1995Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.Inventors: Wen P. Liao, Deborah L. Purnell
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Patent number: 5382633Abstract: A modified polymer is described comprising a thermoplastic polymer composition comprising a graft copolymer between (1) a preformed thermoplastic polymer and (2) a monomer composition comprising (a) at least one polymerisable monomer containing a polymerisable group and at least one functional polymer-modifying group and (b) at least one comonomer containing at least two polymerisable groups, said copolymer being substantially free of unbound monomer. Such polymers can be produced by reacting together, in a melt and in the presence of free radicals whilst applying shear to the melt, the preformed thermoplastic polymer to be modified, the polymerisable monomer, and the comonomer, thereby to graft said monomer to said preformed polymer leaving substantially no unbound monomer, the reaction being continued for a period of time sufficient to produce a graft copolymer that is thermoplastic and can be blended with an unmodified polymer. A free radical generator can be added, if desired.Type: GrantFiled: April 8, 1991Date of Patent: January 17, 1995Assignee: 3i Research Exploitation LimitedInventors: Gerald Scott, Sahar Al-Malaika
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Patent number: 5374336Abstract: A water soluble graft copolymer useful as retention and drainage aids in papermaking processes having the structure: ##STR1## wherein E is the repeat unit obtained after polymerization of an .alpha.,.beta. ethylenically unsaturated compound, the molar percentage of a:b is from about 95:5 to 5:95, with the proviso that the sum of a and b equals 100%; G comprises the structure: ##STR2## wherein d is a cationic monomer, R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are the same or different and are hydrogen or a lower alkyl group having C.sub.1 to C.sub.3, F is the salt of an ammonium cation and the molar percentage of c:d is from 95:5 to 5:95 with the proviso that the sum of c and d equals 100%.Type: GrantFiled: August 3, 1993Date of Patent: December 20, 1994Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.Inventors: John T. Lin, Wen P. Liao, Fu Chen
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Patent number: 5374684Abstract: Clusters of water-swellable polymer particles, having high rates of absorbency without gel-blocking are prepared by suspending water-swellable polymer particles in an inert hydrophobic liquid, such as hydrocarbon, and slowly adding to the particles a suspension of an aqueous solution optionally containing an .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated monomer in an inert hydrophobic liquid.Type: GrantFiled: September 1, 1993Date of Patent: December 20, 1994Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventor: Eva F. Tai
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Patent number: 5369164Abstract: An aqueous dispersion or solution of a polymer obtained by free radical polymerization and comprising from 0.01 to 10% by weight of carboxyl groups --CO.sub.2 H or sulfo groups --SO.sub.3 H contains, as a crosslinking agent, a compound having at least two vinyl ether groups.Type: GrantFiled: October 14, 1993Date of Patent: November 29, 1994Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Hubertus Kroener, Uwe Dittrich, Alexander Zettl
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Patent number: 5369183Abstract: A composite for moldings having the high bending elastic modulus and the high bending strength, comprising a thermoplastic resin and a polymerizable monomer which is a multifunctional polymerizable monomer having an alicyclic strucure unit or a mixture consisting of a multifunctional polymerizable monomer having an alicyclic strucure unit and a monofunctional polymerizable monomer having at least two alicyclic structure units, is prepared by compounding them. Also, a composite for moldings having the high bending elastic modulus and the high bending strength, comprising a vinyl chloride resin, a (meth)acrylate monomer which is a multifunctional (meth)acrylate or a mixture consisting of a multifunctional (meth)acrylate and a monofunctional (meth)acrylate, and a polymerization initiator. The composite has good workability. Further, an unfluid precursor for moldings is prepared by heating the composite.Type: GrantFiled: October 5, 1990Date of Patent: November 29, 1994Assignee: Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd.Inventors: Masashi Okada, Tetsuo Maeda, Kenji Nakamura, Kenichi Hibino
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Patent number: 5362813Abstract: A polymer dispersion of a star polymer dispersed in an organic liquid; wherein the star polymer has a crosslinked core having attached thereto at least three macrononomer arms; where(1) the core is formed of monomers having at least two ethylenically unsaturated double bonds which are crosslinked with each other and the core has at least 3 free radical polymerizable sites each of which are reacted with the macromonomer; and(2) the macromonomer that forms the arms of the star polymer is formed of ethylenically unsaturated monomers that have been polymerized by free radical polymerization in the presence of a free radical polymerization initiator and a catalytic chain transfer agent containing CO.sup.+2 to provide the macromonomer with a terminal ethylenically unsaturated group that is polymerized with the free radical polymerizable site on the core to form the star polymer. The process for making the star polymer and coating compositions that utilize the star polymer are also part of this invention.Type: GrantFiled: December 22, 1993Date of Patent: November 8, 1994Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventors: Joseph A. Antonelli, Christopher Scopazzi
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Patent number: 5357000Abstract: The present invention provides graft copolymers that are highly absorbent to aqueous electrolyte solutions.Type: GrantFiled: April 26, 1993Date of Patent: October 18, 1994Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventors: Iqbal Ahmed, Henry L. Hsieh
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Patent number: 5350801Abstract: A solid state process for modifying polyvinyl alcohol using a Michael-type addition wherein dry polyvinyl alcohol powder is sprayed with a solution of a monomer capable of Michael-type addition in an amount sufficient to swell the polyvinyl alcohol or maintain its swollen state, but not dissolve or form a slurry of the polyvinyl alcohol. The swollen polyvinyl alcohol is sprayed with a catalyst and the temperature is raised to initiate the reaction between the polyvinyl alcohol and the monomer.Type: GrantFiled: July 7, 1993Date of Patent: September 27, 1994Assignee: Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.Inventors: Amir Famili, Lori A. Vratsanos, Finn L. Marten
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Patent number: 5340874Abstract: A modified polyvinyl alcohol and a solid state process for producing modified polyvinyl alcohol wherein polyvinyl alcohol powder is sprayed with a sufficient amount of a solution of a polymerizable monomer to swell the polyvinyl alcohol powder but not dissolve it or form a slurry. The swollen polyvinyl alcohol powder is sprayed with a free radical source (an initiator) and the temperature is raised to initiate a reaction between polyvinyl alcohol and the polymerizable monomer.Type: GrantFiled: July 7, 1993Date of Patent: August 23, 1994Assignee: Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.Inventors: Amir Famili, Lori A. Vratsanos, Finn L. Marten
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Patent number: 5332780Abstract: Thermoplastic resin compositions having the following component A-1 or A-2, component B and component C:(A-1): a polymer component having a functional group capable of reacting with an amino group, or(A-2): a composition of component (A-1) and a resin that is non-reactive with an amino group and is different from the resin used in the following component B(B) a thermoplastic resin component that is non-reactive with an amino group under the conditions required to mold the entire resin composition; and(C) a graft copolymer obtained by a graft reaction of a thermoplastic polymer, with a compound (I), or a copolymer having the repeating unit (II) and the repeating unit of an ethylenic unsaturated monomer, ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 -R.sup.4, the same or different represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group or an aralkyl group.Type: GrantFiled: April 8, 1993Date of Patent: July 26, 1994Assignee: Dai-Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.Inventors: Naoki Kitazawa, Manabu Kikuta, Hiroshi Hotta, Yutaka Nakayama, Hideyuki Sumi
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Patent number: 5324786Abstract: The invention provides a method for the production of a solid phase system of the formula F--(--R.sup.3 --Y--CO--CR.sup.2 .dbd.CR.sup.1 --CH.sub.2 --X).sub.m using new allyl esters of the formula:X--CH.sub.2 --CR.sup.1 .dbd.CR.sup.2 --CO--Y--R.sup.3 --A (I).R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are hydrogen, halogen, alkyl or aryl, R.sup.3 is a spacer, X is acyloxy where acyl is the residue of an aliphatic carboxylic acid or is RCO-- in which R is an organic group. Y is oxygen or sulphur or an --NH-- group and A is a grouping which can react with a solid carrier material F, which contains functional groups B. A and B are groups which react with one another with condensation and/or addition and formation of a linkage between the solid carrier material and X--CH.sub.2 --CR.sup.1 .dbd.CR.sup.2 --CO--Y--R.sup.3 --.Type: GrantFiled: May 3, 1991Date of Patent: June 28, 1994Assignee: Orpegen Medizinische-Molekular Biologische Forschungsgesellschaft mbhInventors: Horst Kunz, Winfried Kosch, Joachim Marz