Abstract: Unique Diels-Alder adducts of an activated olefin and an alloocimene polymer containing pendant conjugated double bonds were prepared. These adducts are useful as binders in adhesive, printing ink and coating formulations.

Abstract: A method is provided for preparing a polymer bound stabilizer which comprises reacting a stabilizer precursor molecule containing a reactive double bound which is not readily homopolymerizable with a pre-formed polymer in the presence of a free radical.

Abstract: Adduct of an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or ester (e.g., maleic anhydride) and neutralized sulfonated EPDM is an ionic elastomer useful as an impact-modifier for nylon.

Abstract: Lubricating oil compositions of improved dispersancy contain an ethylene-propylene copolymer grafted onto which is acrylic acid dimer, the free carboxyl group of which has thereafter been amidized with diethylene triamine.

Abstract: Large acrylic star polymers, are made by group transfer polymerization techniques by arm-first, core-first, or arm-core-arm approaches.

Abstract: A bulk polymerization process for free radical polymerization of vinyl monomers and alkenyl azlactones or macromolecular monomers (e.g. functionalized polystyrene), in a wiped surface reactor is disclosed. Referring to FIG. 1; monomer streams 5 (after purification and silica gel column 2), and 7 and macromer or azlactone 8 are combined with free radical initiator 9 to form a premix 16. Pump 18 transfers the premix stream 22 through static mixer 24 into a wiped surface reactor 27. The reactor can be a counter rotating twin screw extruder which produces polymer stream 36 without the need of solvent and using residence times much shorter than prior art solution or emulsion processes.Some unique pressure sensitive adhesive acrylate polymers have been produced. They are believed to have a relatively high degree of branching. The bulk polymerization process permits the manufacture of pressure sensitive adhesive articles by extruding directly from the twin screw extruder onto a substrate.

Abstract: The invention relates to partially hydrophilic, non-ionic crosslinked copolymers.These copolymers consist of a crosslinked hydrophobic backbone having a high mechanical strength, and of non-ionic hydrophilic chains grafted selectively onto the backbone.The copolymers are useful for size exclusion chromatography in an aqueous medium.

Abstract: A polymerizable polymer is obtained by the anionic polymerization and termination by use of a vinyl monomer. It produces a graft copolymer by co-polymerization with another monomer. The process produces a new, polymerizable, optically active polymer and a graft copolymer thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a thermoplastic molding material of an elastomeric polymer A, a shell B grafted to the polymer A, and a copolymer C as rigid matrix. The amount of polymer A is 1 to 25 percent by weight based on the weight of A+B+C. It has a glass transition temperature, Tg, of less than 0.degree. C. and an average particle size of 200 to 750 nanometers (d.sub.50 value of the integral mass distribution) and is composed of: 50 to 99.9 percent by weight of at least one alkylacrylate with 1 to 8 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical and 0.1 to 5 percent by weight of a polyfunctional monomer which has a crosslinking action. Grafting shell B represents 5 to 40 percent by weight based on A+B+C and is composed of at least one of the monomers of the group of(b.sub.1) vinylaromatic monomers, and(b.sub.2) the ethylenically unsaturated monomers.Grafting shell B is prepared in two stages with 30 to 70 percent by weight of the monomers b.sub.

Abstract: The present invention provides grafted ethylene copolymers usable more especially as additives for inhibiting the depositions in crude oils.Said copolymer being formed of ethylene and at least one monomer with ethylenic unsaturation, chosen from vinyl esters of C.sub.2 to C.sub.18 monocarboxylic acids, the alkyl esters in the C.sub.1 to C.sub.12 range of unsaturated monocarboxylic acids from the C.sub.3 to C.sub.12 range and the .alpha., .beta.-unsaturated dicarboxylic compounds, on which are fixed the grafts of a homo or copolymer of an .alpha., .beta.-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid ester with at least one alkanol of a chain length equal to or greater than C.sub.12 and at least 20% of which is of a chain length equal to or greater than C.sub.22. Such copolymers may be used more especially as additives for inhibiting the deposition of paraffins and for improving the flow properties of the crude oils.

Abstract: Rapidly curable adhesive compositions suitable for bonding polypropylene, comprising a polymer of sulfochlorinated and/or chlorinated polypropylene with an average chlorine content of 26% to 34% by weight, and an average molecular weight of 5,000 to 120,000, dissolved in monomeric ingredients such as acrylic and/or methacrylic monomers.

Abstract: A biologically active latex conjugate prepared by the acidification of latex particles of a core/shell polymer having acetal groups in the shell, whereby said acetal groups are converted to aldehyde groups, and then bonding a biologically active substance having an amino group to said aldehyde groups by reductive amination.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polybutadiene containing resin system which is curable at room temperature by the addition of copper ethylacetoacetate. The resin system consists of about 5 to about 25% polybutadiene, about 55 to about 90% dicyclopentadiene acrylate, about 5 to about 20% of a monomer having 2 to 4 unsaturated groups selected from vinylic, acrylic, and mixtures thereof, about 0.25 to about 3% free radical initiator, and about 0.1 to about 0.8% of a coaccelerator. Also disclosed is a method of curing a resin system and various products made therewith.

Abstract: A terpolymer comprising repeating units derived from an olefin, a diester of an addition polymerizable unsaturated dicarboxylic acid, and a solubilizing monomer which promotes compatibility between the terpolymer and a vinyl halide polymer. A granular form of the processing aid and a method for its preparation are also disclosed.

Abstract: Highly transparent, impact-resistant molded articles can be produced from a molding composition, comprising: (1) a major portion of polyvinyl chloride or a copolymer comprising at least 70% by weight of vinyl chloride units; and (2) an amount effective to impart impact resistance of: (a) at least one homopolymer of an acrylate monomer having the formula ##STR1## wherein R is a straight-chain or branched alkylene residue of 3-8 carbon atoms, optionally interrupted by 1-2 ether oxygen atoms, wherein the straight-chain portion of said alkylene residue contains at least 3 carbon atoms; or (b) a copolymer of said acrylate monomer and up to 30% by weight of at least one acrylate ester of a C.sub.4-12 aliphatic alcohol.

Abstract: Elastomers are plasticized with a polymerizable monomer, in homogeneous admixture therewith, by adding the monomer to a latex of the elastomer, free of polymerization initiator, followed by coagulation of the monomer and polymer solids. The coagulated solids recovered from the latex may be compounded with a polymerization initiator for the monomer and a vulcanizing agent for the polymer and, optionally, an inorganic filler, and shaped into the desired product form. Polymerization of the polymer and vulcanization of the elastomeric polymer are initiated after shaping.

Abstract: A dental casting resin wherein the finished casting has a combined vinyl resin content of from 5 to 60% by wt. prepared by polymerizing liquid monomer, e.g. methyl methacrylate, in the presence of at least one vinyl resin and at least one acrylic resin, wherein said monomer is a non-solvent at room temperature for said vinyl resin and wherein the volume ratio of solid resins to liquid monomer is at least about 3.5:1.

Abstract: A method for making impact resistant molding compositions wherein a hard phase having a glass transition temperature above 25.degree. C. and consisting principally of methyl methacrylate is polymerized at least partially in a first stage, following which the monomers of a rubbery phase whose polymers have a glass transition temperature below 25.degree. C. are added in a second stage and the polymerization is carried to completion, polymerization of the hard phase in the first stage being performed in a presence of an oil soluble free radical initiator and of an organosulfur chain transfer agent having at least two thiol groups in the molecule, and polymerization of the monomers of the rubbery phase in the second stage being carried out with graft crosslinkers in the presence of the previously formed hard phase.

Abstract: An emulsion polymer comprising a hard nonelastomeric core, an elastomeric intermediate stage produced in the presence of the core and essentially composed of an acrylic ester and a crosslinking monomer which contains three or more acrylic or methacrylic groups in the molecule, and a hard nonelastomeric final stage produced in the presence of the elastomeric intermediate stage and crosslinked therewith, said polymer being useful as an impact strength modifying agent which, in admixture with a thermoplastic polymethyl methacrylate molding compound for example, yields molded articles exhibiting reduced susceptibility to stress whitening and improved impact strength.

Abstract: A class of polymer precursor materials, which, under appropriate conditions, react to form cross-linked polymers, is disclosed. These materials contain a backbone segment, such as polyacrylate, having pendant therefrom mono- or disubstituted olefinic groups, such as vinyl itaconate, having specific polymerization rates. This class of materials, especially when coupled with specifically-defined oxygen-activated catalyst systems, provide paint and plastic compositions which exhibit excellent film formation, strength and durability characteristics.

Abstract: A component system for surgical cement, based on at least one acrylic monomer and at least one acrylic polymer comprising a powder and a liquid. The powder comprises: (a) from 50 to 70 weight percent of at least one acrylic polymer having a particle size of between 20 and 150 microns; and (b) a polymerization initiator. The liquid comprises: (a) from 30 to 50 weight percent of a mixture comprising at least 65 weight percent of at least one acrylic monomer and up to 35 weight percent of at least one acrylic polymer; (b) at least one polymerization activator; and (c) from 0.05 to 1 weight percent, relative to the total amount of acrylic monomer, of at least one chain stopper chosen from the group consisting of diunsaturated monocyclic terpenes and monounsaturated bicyclic terpenes. Application to the manufacture of surgical cements.

Abstract: Elastomers are plasticized with a polymerizable monomer, in homogeneous admixture therewith, by adding the monomer to a latex of the elastomer, free of polymerization initiator, followed by coagulation of the monomer and polymer solids. The coagulated solids recovered from the latex may be compounded with a polymerization initiator for the monomer and a vulcanizing agent for the polymer and, optionally, an inorganic filler, and shaped into the desired product form. Polymerization of the polymer and vulcanization of the elastomeric polymer are initiated after shaping.

Abstract: A class of polymer precursor materials, which, under appropriate conditions, react to form cross-linked polymers, is disclosed. These materials contain a backbone segment, preferably a polyacrylate, and have pendant therefrom (1) reactive mono- or disubstituted olefinic groups, such as vinyl or allyl itaconate, and (2) water-solubilizing groups, such as the half ester of maleic acid. This class of materials, especially when combined with specifically-defined oxygen-activated catalyst systems, provides water-based paint compositions which exhibit film formation, strength and durability characteristics comparable to those of the best solvent-based paint formulations.

Abstract: A process is provided for crosslinking, foaming, or both of polymers at temperatures above 150.degree. C. using at least one azo ester and/or azo ether in combination with at least one crosslinking intensifier having at least two reactive carbon-carbon double or triple bonds.

Abstract: A process for crosslinking with peroxides using triallyl citrates as activators and co-agents.

Abstract: Modified cis-1,4-polyisoprene rubber obtained by incorporating into cis-1,4-polyisoprene rubber a side chain formed by succinimide residue containing in the N position a hydrocarbon residue having at least one tertiary nitrogen atom. This rubber is excellent in green strength at ordinary room temperature, and flowability at an elevated temperature. Its vulcanizate is comparable to, or better than natural rubber in breaking strength and hardness.

Abstract: An impact-resistant methacrylic resin composition comprising a multilayer structure methacrylic resin [II] is provided. The resin [II] is obtained by the following sequential four polymerization stages (i) through (iv):(i) forming 5-50 wt. parts of a hard crosslinked resin (A) containing at least 80 wt. % of methyl methacrylate units;(ii) obtaining 100 wt. parts of a multilayer structure acrylic elastomer [I] by forming on the periphery of resin (A) 95-50 wt. parts of a crosslinked acrylic acid ester copolymer (B) by polymerizing a monomer mixture comprising 69.9-89.9 wt. % of at least one alkyl (C.sub.1-8) acrylate, 10-30 wt. % of styrene or a mixture of styrene and a derivative thereof and 0.1-10 wt. % of ##STR1## (iii) forming on the periphery of elastomer [I] 5-100 wt. parts of a hard crosslinked resin (C) by polymerizing a crosslinkable monomer mixture comprising 80-99.9 wt. % of methyl methacrylate, 0-19.9 wt. % of at least one alkyl (C.sub.1-8) acrylate, 0-10 wt.

Abstract: A class of polymer precursor materials, which, under appropriate conditions, react to form cross-linked polymers, is disclosed. These materials contain a backbone segment, such as polyacrylate, having pendant therefrom mono- or disubstituted olefinic groups, such as vinyl itaconate, having specific polymerization rates. This class of materials, especially when coupled with specifically-defined oxygen-activated catalyst systems, provide paint and plastic compositions which exhibit excellent film formation, strength and durability characteristics.

Abstract: Coating compositions capable of liquid application to substrates consist essentially of a curable film forming polyol-containing component and an organic reactive diluent. The reactive diluent is an organic compound containing a primary or secondary hydroxyl group and further characterized by having a retained solids value of greater than about 80 percent, a hydroxyl equivalent weight of from about 180 to about 800, and a liquid viscosity of less than about 10 poise at 60.degree. C. The coating compositions can be formulated to contain little or no volatile organic solvent and/or water.

Abstract: An acetoacetate moiety may be introduced into polymers and used via Michael Reaction for crosslinking with alpha, beta-unsaturated esters.

Abstract: An improved orthopaedic cement of the type used to, e.g. position and hold prosthetic devices in place within bone cavities after surgical repair of the bone system. The cement is characterized by markedly increased toughness and resistance to fracture due to the rubbery, or elastomeric, nature of the included polyacrylate resin phase.

Abstract: A non-bleeding, predispersed composition useful for dispersing a peroxide vulcanizing agent or coagent into a rubber or plastic stock is disclosed which comprises (A) from about 20 to about 70 percent by weight of a peroxide vulcanizing agent or coagent, and (B) a multi-stage graft copolymer comprising (1) from about 70 to about 90 percent by weight of a hard portion made by graft polymerizing (a) a monomer or monomers selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl methacrylates, styrene, and mixtures thereof, and (b) a small but effective amount of a cross-linking agent for said monomer or monomers, in any order onto (2) from about 10 to about 30 percent by weight of a rubbery portion comprising a polymer or copolymer made by polymerizing (a) a monomer selected from the group consisting of butadiene and lower alkyl acrylates or (b) a mixture of monomers selected from the group consisting of styrene and butadiene, and acrylonitrile and butadiene.

Abstract: The invention provides dental materials in paste form consisting essentially of (a) 18 to 50% by weight of a polymerizable binder, (b) 20 to 65% by weight of a crosslinked bead polymer with an average particle size of 5 to 150 .mu.m and (c) 5 to 45% by weight of glass beads with an average particle size of 5 to 80 .mu.m. The pastes of the invention are outstandingly suitable as a dental filling material.

Abstract: A four composition acrylate particle optimizes four sequence formulations: (1) beginning with a cross-linked elastomer core upon which (2) a successive layer of a principal quantity of cross-linked elastomer, which includes a graft-linking component, is polymerized, which in turn is (3) protectively encapsulated by a successively polymerized shell, which also includes a graft-linking component, and in turn is coated by (4) a final transition coating. The particle is chemically bonded into a unit and provides a radially graduated transition between the significantly different properties of the principal elastomer in the particle and the transition coating which is adapted in composition to a matrix system with which the particles may be blended.

Abstract: A process for the production of a moldable thermoplastic having enhanced resistance to impact, and the resulting product, is disclosed. A cross-linked bulk cast elastomer including a graft-linking agent is produced and is then finely divided and compounded with a catalyzed polymerizing monomer mixture, which may also include a minor proportion of a graft-linking co-monomer. Graft-linking of the elastomer to the resulting polymer occurs in situ; and the mass of the elastomer graft-linked to the polymerizing monomer is then compounded with a moldable matrix polymer and the compounded blend is then extruded through a die.

Abstract: Moldable polyolefin compositions exhibiting improved heat distortion and modulus characteristics, and a method of preparing such compositions are described. The method of preparing these polyolefin compositions comprises reacting(a) a graft-modified polyolefin obtained by reacting a polyolefin with an unsaturated polycarboxylic acid, ester or anhydride which is graft-polymerizable therewith, and(b) at least one organic hydroxy compound. These polyolefin compositions can be reinforced with fibers, minerals and fillers for particular applications.

Abstract: A multiphase core//shell polymer comprising a crosslinked elastomer core and a rigid thermoplastic polymer shell comprising a mono alkyl maleate or fumarate, styrene and optionally a monomer selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 to C.sub.8 alkyl acrylates and methacrylates, acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile. The core has an average particle diameter in the range of about 0.3 to about 0.8 micron and the rigid shell has a thickness of at least about 0.025 micron. The multiphase core//shell polymers are useful for blending with polyamides to provided toughened polyamide compositions.

Abstract: A process for the production of cross-linked graft copolymers by the radically initiated precipitation copolymerization of an ethylene/vinyl ester copolymer as graft base and a mixture to be grafted of one or more aromatic monovinyl compounds, acrylonitrile and/or methacrylonitrile, a cross-linking agent containing two or more carbon-carbon double bonds, and, optionally, another monoolefinically unsatured copolymerizable monomer wherein the ungrafted base is precipitated by the addition of a precipitating agent simultaneously with the precipitating cross-linked graft copolymer.

Abstract: A resist material for micro-fabrication comprising a polymer in which the polymer backbone has thereon a moiety of the formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group or an aryl group or an aralkyl group, the resist material being curable by electromagnetic radiation such as electron beams, X-rays or deep ultraviolet light with a wave length of less than about 3000A and being particularly suitable as a micro-fabrication resist material.

Abstract: A four composition particulate additive for blending with a moldable acrylic matrix resin is described. The particulate additive optimizes four sequenced formulations: (1) beginning with a cross-linked elastomer core upon which (2) a successive layer of the principal quantity of cross-linked elastomer, which includes a graft-linking component, is polymerized, which in turn is (3) protectively encapsulated by a successively polymerized thermoplastic shell, which also includes a graft-linking component, and in turn is coated by (4) a final thermoplastic transition coating which is compatible with the matrix resin. The particle is chemically bonded into a unit and provides a graduated transition between the significantly different properties of the principal elastomer in the particle and the matrix resin with which the particles are blended. The blends produced are particularly useful in glazing and the production of sanitary-ware and other products in which impact resistance is a desired quality.

Abstract: There is provided a blend of poly(p-methylstyrene) with a small amount of a polyfunctional monomer, such as trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate. The blend can be formed into shaped articles, such as food containers, which can be crosslinked by irradiation at low doses. Such irradiated articles are resistant to microwave oven conditions.

Abstract: The invention relates to polymers and copolymers of pivaloyloxyalkyl methacrylates which contain structural units of the general formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is (CH.sub.2).sub.n.sbsb.1 --O (n.sub.1 =2 to 10) or (CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --O).sub.n.sbsb.2 (n.sub.2 =1 to 4) and to the method of their preparation and modification. The polymerization and copolymerization can be initiated by free-radical initiators of the peroxy type or by anionic initiators, e.g., alkali metal alkoxides or butyllithium, and carried out in a solution, bulk or suspension process in the presence of a crosslinking agent or without it. Anionic polymerization may result in stereoregular polymers or may be used for preparation of block copolymers by the "living" polymer technique. The polymers and copolymers can be modified by the partial or total conversion of the pivaloyloxyalkyl methacrylate units into hydroxyalkyl methacrylate units by selective hydrolysis, alcoholysis or other reaction.

Abstract: A vulcanizable elastomeric composition comprising(a) from about 89-40%, by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, of an acrylic acid ester, or mixture thereof, having the formula ##STR1## wherein R is an alkyl (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4) radical, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OR', wherein R' is an alkyl (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4) radical, or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CN;(b)from about 10-45%, by weight, same basis, of bis(2-methoxyethyl)fumarate, bis(2-methoxyethyl)maleate, or mixtures thereof,(c) from about 1-10%, by weight, same basis, of an unsaturated monomer containing a halogen atom or an epoxy group, and(d) from 0 to 5%, by weight, of polybutadiene, polychloroprene or polyisoprene.

Abstract: The production of polymer beads by a suspension polymerization process in which a vinyl aromatic monomer having a free-radical generating catalyst dissolved therein is suspended in an aqueous medium with the aid of from 0.1 to 2.0 percent by weight, based on monomer, of a finely divided phosphate suspending agent in the presence of a modifier and heated to cause the monomer to polymerize into polymer beads is improved by the addition to the suspension of at least about 0.01 percent by weight based on monomer of an adjunct modifier, such as certain aminoalkanecarboxylic acids and N-substituted derivatives thereof. The process of the invention is especially applicable in the preparation of large polymer beads.

Abstract: Branched block copolymers of from 60 to 95 percent by weight of a monovinyl-aromatic compound and from 40 to 5 percent by weight of a conjugated diene.The branched block copolymers have a structure of the general formula(A.sup.1 --A.sup.2 --B.fwdarw.A.sup.3).sub.n --X--(A.sup.3 .rarw.B--A.sup.2).sub.mwhere the A's are non-elastomeric polymer segments based on the monovinyl-aromatic compound, the B's are elastomeric polymer segments based on the conjugated diene, X is the radical of an at least trifunctional coupling agent and n and m are numbers.The branched block copolymers may be used for the manufacture of highly transparent impact-resistant shaped articles, especially packaging materials.