Abstract: A method includes a step of applying an aqueous 2-package type first colored paint to form an uncured first colored coating film; a step of applying an aqueous 1-package type second colored paint to form an uncured second colored coating film; a step of applying a solvent-based 2-package type clear paint to form an uncured clear coating film; and a step of heating the uncured first colored coating film, the uncured second colored coating film and the uncured clear coating film to 75 to 100° C. to simultaneously cure these films. The solvent-based 2-package type clear paint contains a hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin and a polyisocyanate compound in a ratio of 1.5 to 2.0 equivalents of isocyanate groups in the polyisocyanate compound relative to 1 equivalent of hydroxyl groups in the hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin.

Abstract: A toner includes a plurality of toner particles each including a core and a shell layer disposed over a surface of the core. The shell layers include a resin containing a unit derived from a thermoplastic resin and a unit derived from a monomer or prepolymer of a thermosetting resin. The toner has an average roundness of no less than 0.965 and no greater than 0.975. The toner contains less than 0.5% by number of toner particles having a roundness of no greater than 0.85. The toner has a displacement rate of no less than 0.50% and no greater than 0.70% as measured in a micro-compression test that is performed on the toner under specified conditions.

Abstract: A method for making an electrode active material of a lithium ion battery is disclosed. In the method, elemental sulfur is mixed with a polyacrylonitrile to form a mixture. The mixture is heated in vacuum or a protective gas at a heating temperature of about 250° C. to about 500° C., to form a sulfur containing composite. The sulfur containing composite is reacted with a reducing agent for elemental sulfur in a liquid phase medium to remove part of the elemental sulfur from the sulfur containing composite.

Abstract: This invention relates to poly(acrylonitrile) homo- or co-polymer having a number average molecular weight (Mn) of at least 200,000 g/mol and a dispersity () of less than 1.

Abstract: Fluoroelastomer compositions comprising fluoroelastomers having copolymerized units of a nitrile-containing cure site monomer are cured with certain carbazates. The carbazate is of the general formula R1OC(O)NHNHR2, wherein R1 is 9-fluorenylmethyl, benzyl, aryl, or a heterocycle; R2 is H, alkyl, aryl, heterocycle, CO2R3 or CH2R4; R3 is alkyl, aryl, benzyl or a heterocycle; and R4 is a fluoroalkyl group.

Abstract: Fluoroelastomer compositions comprising fluoroelastomers having copolymerized units of a nitrile-containing cure site monomer are cured with certain hydrazide curatives. The hydrazide is of the general formula R1C(O)NHNHR2, wherein R1 is alkyl, aryl, benzyl, heterocycle, fluoroalkyl, or H; R2 is H, alkyl, aryl, heterocycle, CO2R3, C(O)H, or CH2R4; R3 is alkyl, CH2R4, aryl, benzyl, or heterocycle; and R4 is a fluoroalkyl group.

Abstract: A novel vulcanizable composition is provided, based on at least one hydrogenated nitrile rubber, on at least one peroxide, on at least one unsaturated carboxylic acid and/or salts thereof, and also on specific microgels. These vulcanizable compositions can be used to obtain vulcanized products which can in particular be used for drive belts, roll coverings, hoses and cables.

Abstract: An improved polymerization and work-up process makes it possible to produce specific nitrile rubbers which have a particular ion index which is responsible for an excellent vulcanization rate and leads to vulcanizates having an advantageous property profile.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a sulfurized polyacrylonitrile and a lithium-ion battery cathode active material. The sulfurized polyacrylonitrile includes a structural unit. A general molecular formula of the structural unit is C3HNSn, in which n is a positive integer. The lithium-ion battery cathode active material includes sulfurized polyacrylonitrile and a sulfurized polyacrylonitrile with inserted ions.

Abstract: Disclosed are an acrylonitrile copolymer excellent in thermal stability as a solution (spinning dope) when dissolved in an amide solvent and capable of forming dense polyacrylonitrile fiber suitable for production of carbon fiber, an acrylonitrile copolymer solution in which the acrylonitrile copolymer is dissolved in an amide solvent, and a method for producing polyacrylonitrile precursor fiber for carbon fiber by use of the acrylonitrile copolymer solution. Specifically, an acrylonitrile copolymer contains a sulfonate group derived from a polymerization initiator in an amount of 1.0×10?5 equivalent/g or more, and the value (equivalent ratio) of (the content of a sulfate group derived from the polymerization initiator/the total content of the sulfonate group and the sulfate group) is 0.4 or less; an acrylonitrile copolymer solution contains the aforementioned acrylonitrile copolymer and an amide solvent.

Abstract: An improved polymerization and work-up process makes it possible to produce specific nitrile rubbers which have a particular ion index which is responsible for an excellent vulcanization rate and leads to vulcanizates having an advantageous property profile.

Abstract: A flame retardant resin composition in which an acrylonitrile-styrene based polymer, into which sulfonic acid groups and/or sulfonate groups have been introduced by sulfonating processing with a sulfonating agent containing less than 3 wt % of moisture, is contained in a resin to be made flame retardant, so that flame retardant properties will be conferred on the resin flame resistant.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a 68Ga generator, wherein the 68Ge parent nuclide thereof is attached specifically to a support through a triethoxyphenyl group and continuously disintegrates to 68Ga, the triethoxyphenyl group being covalently bound to a support material through a linker.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for making a conjugated polymer. In the method, polyacrylonitrile, a solvent, and a catalyst are provided. The polyacrylonitrile is dissolved in the solvent to form a polyacrylonitrile solution. The catalyst is uniformly dispersed into the polyacrylonitrile solution. The polyacrylonitrile solution with the catalyst is heated to induce a cyclizing reaction of the polyacrylonitrile, thereby forming a conjugated polymer solution with the conjugated polymer dissolved therein.

Abstract: A nitrile group-containing highly saturated copolymer rubber having an iodine value of 80 or less and containing a caprate in 0.01 to 0.4 wt %. Preferably, the caprate is an alkaline earth metal caprate or Group XIII metal caprate. According to present invention, it is possible to provide a nitrile group-containing highly saturated copolymer rubber improved in mold fouling resistance while maintaining good normal state physical properties and heat resistance when being made into a cross-linked product.

Abstract: In a method for making sulfurized polyacrylonitrile, polyacrylonitrile, a first solvent, a catalyst, and sulfur or sodium thiosulfate are provided. The polyacrylonitrile is dissolved in the first solvent to form a polyacrylonitrile solution. The catalyst is uniformly dispersed in the polyacrylonitrile solution. The polyacrylonitrile solution with the catalyst is heated to induce a cyclizing reaction of the polyacrylonitrile, thereby forming a first conjugated polymer solution with a conjugated polymer. The sulfur or sodium thiosulfate is uniformly mixed with the conjugated polymer to form a mixture. The mixture is heated to form sulfurized polyacrylonitrile.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a 68Ga generator, wherein the 68Ge parent nuclide thereof is attached specifically to a support through a triethoxyphenyl group and continuously disintegrates to 68Ga, the triethoxyphenyl group being covalently bound to a support material through a linker.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for making a conjugated polymer. In the method, polyacrylonitrile, a solvent, and a catalyst are provided. The polyacrylonitrile is dissolved in the solvent to form a polyacrylonitrile solution. The catalyst is uniformly dispersed into the polyacrylonitrile solution. The polyacrylonitrile solution with the catalyst is heated to induce a cyclizing reaction of the polyacrylonitrile, thereby forming a conjugated polymer solution with conjugated polymer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the in situ acid end group functionalization of polymer chains which have been prepared by means of atom transfer radical polymerization, and to the simultaneous removal of transition metals from polymer solutions.

Abstract: A flame retardant with which fire retardancy is improved and the fire retardancy is able to be secured stably for a long time is provided. An internal layer 11 containing a polymer and a flame retardant factor layer 12 that is formed outside of the internal layer 11 and that contains a polymer to which at least one of a sulfonate group and a sulfonate base is bonded are included. Thereby, compared to a case that the flame retardant factor layer 12 is not included, moisture is hardly absorbed, and respective particles of the flame retardant are inhibited from being adhered to each other. Accordingly, blocking is inhibited.

Abstract: In a method of producing a sheet of paper and/or cardboard and similar products, prior to the formation of the sheet from a fibrous suspension, at least two dry strength agents are added to the suspension either separately in any order or mixed together and at one or more injection points, namely: a first agent corresponding to a product for Hofmann degradation in solution on a base (co)polymer comprising at least one non-ionic monomer which is selected from the group containing acrylamide and/or methacrylamide, N,N dimethylacrlamide and/or acrylonitrile; and a second agent corresponding to a (co)polymer having an anionic charge density greater than 0.1 meq/g. The Hofmann degradation product comprises an organic polymer produced at a concentration greater than 3.5% by weight, and preferably greater than 4.5% and the first and second agents are each introduced into the pulp suspension at a concentration of between 0.

Abstract: Disclosed are an acrylonitrile copolymer excellent in thermal stability as a solution (spinning dope) when dissolved in an amide solvent and capable of forming dense polyacrylonitrile fiber suitable for production of carbon fiber, an acrylonitrile copolymer solution in which the acrylonitrile copolymer is dissolved in an amide solvent, and a method for producing polyacrylonitrile precursor fiber for carbon fiber by use of the acrylonitrile copolymer solution. Specifically, an acrylonitrile copolymer contains a sulfonate group derived from a polymerization initiator in an amount of 1.0×10?5 equivalent/g or more, and the value (equivalent ratio) of (the content of a sulfate group derived from the polymerization initiator/the total content of the sulfonate group and the sulfate group) is 0.4 or less; an acrylonitrile copolymer solution contains the aforementioned acrylonitrile copolymer and an amide solvent.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for cementing applications. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a method of cementing comprising the steps of: providing a cement composition that comprises: a polyelectrolyte and/or an alkenoic acid first monomer; a filler; and a crosslinking agent; placing the cement composition in a desired location; and allowing the cement composition to set therein.

Abstract: The present application provides novel nitrile rubbers comprising repeating units of at least one ?,?-unsaturated nitrile, at least one conjugated diene and optionally one or more further copolymerizable monomers which nitrile rubbers are distinguished by a specific calcium content as well as a specific chlorine content and dispose of specific thio end groups. Additionally, an improved polymerization and work-up process is provided to produce the aforementioned nitrile rubbers.

Abstract: A method for making a sheet of paper and/or cardboard and the like, comprises, prior to forming said sheet, adding to the fibrous suspension, separately or mixed, in any sequence of introduction, into one or more injection points, at least three dry strength agents respectively: first agent corresponding to a (co)polymer having a cationic filler density higher than 1 meq/g and exhibiting primary amine functions; a second agent corresponding to a synthetic organic (co)polymer having cationic filler density higher than 0.1 meq/g; and a third agent corresponding to a (co)polymer having an anionic filler density higher than 0.1 meq/g.

Abstract: A controlled molecular weight polymer of styrene is provided having bromine substituted thereon. Control of molecular weight is achieved by the use of alpha-methyl styrene dimer as a chain transfer agent. The brominated polymer of styrene is useful as a flame retardant, particularly for polyamides giving improved properties including color retention after molding.

Abstract: A polymer composite material includes metal (oxide) nanoparticles chemically bonded to a vinyl polymer. Some embodiments may additionally comprise thermoplastic resin through which the nanoparticles and vinyl polymer are dispersed. In some embodiments, the composite materials have improved impact strength, tensile strength, heat resistance, and flexural modulus.

Abstract: The process of the present invention is directed toward conducting highly selective, high yield post polymerization reactions on polymers to prepare functionalized polymers. An embodiment of the present invention comprises conducting click chemistry reactions on polymers. Preferably, the polymers were prepared by controlled polymerization processes. Therefore, embodiments of the present invention comprise processes for the preparation of polymers comprising conducting a click chemistry reaction on a functional group attached to a polymer, wherein the polymer has a molecular weight distribution of less than 2.0. The functional polymers may be prepared by converting an attached functional unit on the polymer thereby providing site specific functional materials, site specific functional materials comprising additional functionality, or chain extended functional materials.

Abstract: Film-forming materials include nonionic metal coordinating structures. Nonionic metal coordinating structures can coordinate metals, such as metal catalysts and metal substrates. Example film-forming materials can be the product of a poly-functional epoxide and a nucleophilic ligand having a nonionic metal coordinating structure, or the product of a poly-functional alcohol and an electrophilic ligand having a nonionic metal coordinating structure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to nitrile rubber polymers having lower molecular weights and narrower molecular weight distributions than those known in the art. The present invention also relates to a process for the manufacture of said nitrile rubber and the use of said nitrile rubber for the manufacture of shaped articles.

Abstract: An elastomer composition includes a polymer system made up of a majority of HNBR polymer and an optional polymer additive such as carboxylated nitrile, ethylene-propylene-diene rubber, isoprene rubber, chloroprene rubber, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, butyl rubber, isoprene rubber, natural rubber and hydrogenated carboxylated butadiene acrylonitrile terpolymer, and combinations thereof. The polymer system totals 100 parts by weight. A cure system for the elastomer composition includes 1.5 to 30 parts by weight of zinc, magnesium or calcium oxide, 15 to 50 parts by weight of an ?,?-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid and an organoperoxide. Under vulcanization conditions, the elastomer composition cures through the in situ formation of a metal carboxylate. A degradation inhibitor for an elastomer composition that includes an amine and an imidazole along with an optional polymerized quinoline is noted to be particularly effective.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for cementing applications. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a method of cementing comprising the steps of: providing a cement composition that comprises: a polyelectrolyte and/or an alkenoic acid first monomer; a filler; and a crosslinking agent; placing the cement composition in a desired location; and allowing the cement composition to set therein.

Abstract: The present invention provides fiber and a fiber structure having a high flame-retarding property and high moisture-absorptive property which do not generate noxious gases such as hydrogen halide gas upon burning, do not elute heavy metal compounds and phosphorus compounds therefrom even when reclaimed upon discarding including a burning treatment and have an excellent processing property. The present invention discloses a highly flame-retarding and moisture-absorptive fiber, characterized in that, it comprises an organic polymer having a cross-linking structure and a salt-type carboxyl group in which at least a part of such a salt-type carboxyl group is a magnesium salt type and a saturated moisture absorption rate at 20° C. and 65% relative humidity and a limiting oxygen index are not less than 35% by weight and not less than 35, respectively, and a flame-retarding fiber structure wherein the highly flame-retarding and moisture-absorptive fiber is used in at least a part of the structure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of hydrogenated nitrile rubber polymers having lower molecular weights and narrower molecular weight distributions than those known in the art in the characterized that the process is carried out in the presence of hydrogen and optionally at least one co-(olefin).

Abstract: Nitrile rubber polymers, optionally hydrogenated, having lower molecular weight and narrower molecular weight distribution than those known in the art, are prepared by metathesis of nitrile butadiene rubber, optionally followed by hydrogenation. The process comprises the steps of a) reacting a nitrile rubber in the presence of at least one compound which is a ruthenium or osmium based indenylidene complex and optionally b) hydrogenating the resulting lower molecular weight nitrile rubber using standard techniques known in the art. The optionally hydrogenated nitrile rubber, with lower molecular weight and narrower molecular weight distribution has very good heat resistance, excellent ozone and chemical resistance and excellent oil resistance. It is used in automotive, oil, electrical, mechanical engineering and shipbuilding industries.

Abstract: A multi-layer nano-particle composition including a polymer core and at least two additional layers is provided. The nano-particles have a mean average diameter less than about 100 nm. The nano-particles can be modified via, for example, hydrogenation or functionalization. The nano-particles can be advantageously incorporated into rubbers, elastomers, and thermoplastics.

Abstract: Hydrophobically modified polymers containing vinylamine or ethylenimine units and obtainable by reacting (a) polymers containing vinylamine or ethylenimine units with (b) compounds of the formula R-A-(EO, PO, BuO)n—X??(I), where R is C4- to C26-alkyl or C4- to C26-alkenyl, A is O, NH or COO, EO is an ethylene oxide unit, PO is a propylene oxide unit, BuO is a butylene oxide unit, n is from 1 to 250 and X is a functional group which can be covalently bonded to an OH group, process for the preparation of hydrophobically modified polymers containing vinylamine or ethylenimine units by reacting polymers containing vinylamine or ethylenimine units with a water repellent of the formula I and use of the polymers thus obtainable as an additive to paperstock in papermaking.

Abstract: A liquid sealing agent used for automobile parts, electric parts, various kinds of machine parts and the like exhibits good oil resistance, heat resistance, adhesiveness and flexibility. A vinyl polymer has at least one crosslinkable silyl group and can yield a cured product exhibiting an oil resistance superior to that of a cured product from a reference polymer obtained by replacing the repeating unit thereof with butyl acrylate alone, in any one item of the immersion test according to JIS K 6258 for the land use 3-5 lubricating oil specified in JIS K 2215.

Abstract: To provide moisture absorptive and desorptive ultrafine particles having high moisture absorptive and moisture desorptive properties and particularly having an excellent moisture absorptive rate and also a product using said ultrafine particles. Moisture absorptive and desorptive ultrafine particles, characterized in that, the said particles consist of a cross-linked polymer containing 1.0 to 10.0 meq/g of a salt-type carboxyl group as a polar group where an average primary particle size is not more than 0.2 ?m and saturated moisture absorptive ratios at 65% RH and 90% RH at 20° C. are not less than 20% by weight and not less than 40% by weight, respectively.

Abstract: An acrylic rubber, comprising an alkoxyalkyl(meth)acrylate monomer unit in an amount of 70.1 to 99.8 wt %, a methacrylonitrile monomer unit in an amount of 0.1 to 9.9 wt % and a butenedionic acid monoester monomer unit in an amount of 0.1 to 20 wt %; and a cross-linkable acrylic rubber composition made by containing the acrylic rubber and a cross-linking agent. According to the invention, it is possible to provide a cross-linkable acrylic rubber composition having excellent scorch stability and an acrylic rubber cross-linked product, which can be obtained by cross-linking the cross-linkable acrylic rubber composition, having excellent heat resistance, cold resistance and fuel oil resistance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of hydrogenated nitrile rubber polymers having lower molecular weights and narrower molecular weight distributions than those known in the art in the absence of a co-(olefin).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for hydroxyalkylating terminal carboxylic acid groups. More specifically, this invention provides a process for preparing hydroxyl-functionalized materials, such as butadiene nitrile polymers, from carboxylic acid-functionalized materials, such as butadiene nitrile polymers, using a carbocyclic carbonate, such as ethylene carbonate, or a carbocyclic sulfite, such as ethylene sulfite.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a block polymeric material. Typically the block polymer comprises units capable of having an average cationic charge density of about 15 or less, preferably 5 or less, more preferably from about 0.05 to about 5, even more preferably from about 0.05 to about 2.77, even more preferably from about 0.1 to about 2.75, most preferably from about 0.75 to about 2.25 units per 100 daltons molecular weight at a pH of from about 4 to about 12. The polymeric material is a suds enhancer and a suds volume extender for personal care products such as soaps and shampoos. The compositions have increased effectiveness for preventing re-deposition of grease during hand and body washing. The polymers are also effective as a soil release agent in fabric cleaning compositions.

Abstract: Fluoropolymers are disclosed. The fluoropolymers include (i) units derived from a fluoromonomer composition comprising chlorotrifluoroethylene, and (ii) units derived from at least one donor monomer composition. In the disclosed fluoropolymers, units (i) and (ii) are distributed along the fluoropolymer chain in a substantially alternating fashion. Also disclosed are thermosetting compositions containing such fluoropolymers, substrates coated with such compositions, methods for making such compositions, and methods for coating substrates with such compositions.

Abstract: Fluoropolymers are disclosed. The fluoropolymers include (i) units derived from a fluoromonomer having the formula F2C?CXY, where X is CF3 and Y is either F or CF3, and (ii) units derived from at least one donor monomer. In the disclosed fluoropolymers, units (i) and (ii) are distributed along the fluoropolymer chain in a substantially alternating fashion. Also disclosed are thermosetting compositions containing such fluoropolymers, substrates coated with such compositions, methods for making such compositions, and methods for coating substrates with such compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polymer composites containing at least one, optionally hydrogenated, nitrile rubber polymer having a Mooney viscosity (ML 1+4 @ 100° C.) in the range of from 50–30 at least one filler and optionally at least one cross-linking agent, a process for preparing said polymer composite wherein at least one, optionally hydrogenated, nitrile rubber polymer having a Mooney viscosity (ML 1+4 @ 100° C.) in the range of from 50–30, at least one filler and optionally at least one cross-linking agent are mixed and a process for the manufacture of a shaped article including the step of injection molding a polymer composite containing at least one, optionally hydrogenated, nitrile rubber polymer having a Mooney viscosity (ML 1+4 @ 100° C.) in the range of from 50-30, at least one filler and at least one cross-linking agent.

Abstract: A liquid sealing agent used for automobile parts, electric parts, various kinds of machine parts and the like has encountered a problem that it is difficult to combine good oil resistance, heat resistance, adhesiveness and flexibility. The present invention provides a liquid gasket which improves these problems, and a material thereof. In the present invention, it is used a vinyl polymer which has at least one crosslinkable silyl group and can yield a cured product exhibiting an oil resistance superior to that of a cured product from a polymer obtained by replacing the repeating unit thereof with butyl acrylate alone, in any one item of the immersion test according to JIS K 6258 for the land use 3-5 lubricating oil specified in JIS K 2215.

Abstract: A curable, aqueous film-forming composition is provided, comprising: (a) a copolymer containing reactive functional groups and comprising at least 30 mol % of residues having alternating structural units: -[DM-AM]- wherein DM represents a residue from a donor monomer, and AM represents a residue from an acceptor monomer, at least 15 mol % of the copolymer comprising a donor monomer having the structure (I): wherein R1 is linear or branched C1 to C4 alkyl, R2 is selected from methyl, linear, cyclic or branched C1 to C20 alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, alkaryl and aralkyl; and (b) a curing agent having functional groups reactive with the reactive functional groups of (a). The invention is also directed to a multi-component composite coating composition including a base coat deposited from a pigmented film-forming composition and a transparent topcoat applied over the base coat. At least one-coat is the film-forming composition described above.

Abstract: The alkaline saponification of acrylonitrile bead polymers provides weakly acidic cation exchangers with little intrinsic color and with reduced residual nitrogen content if the saponification is begun at a temperature T1 of from 70 to 120° C. and, once a degree of saponification of at least 65% has been reached, is completed at a temperature T2 of from 120 to 180° C.

Abstract: A composition containing a graft polymer based on acrylonitrile/ethylene propylene rubber/styrene (AES) and an additive is disclosed. The additive is one which increases the “?soft phase” of the composition making it possible to produce moldings with improved toughness at low temperatures, without substantially changing the melt volume rate.