Abstract: A thermosetting composition that includes an ungelled copolymer composition and a crosslinking agent. The ungelled copolymer composition includes a functional group-containing copolymer that includes segments of alternating residues derived from a donor monomer composition comprising an acceptor monomer composition. The donor monomer composition includes one or both of isobutylene and diisobutylene, and the acceptor monomer composition includes acrylic monomers and monomers containing functional groups. The ungelled copolymer composition is substantially free of transition metals and Lewis acids, and the copolymer is substantially free of maleate-type monomer residues and fumarate-type monomer residues. The crosslinking agent has at least two functional groups that are reactive with the functional groups of the copolymer. The thermosetting composition may be in liquid, powder, or dispersed form and may be applied by traditional or electrocoating methods.

Abstract: A thermosetting composition that includes a co-reactable solid, particulate mixture of a film forming material having functional groups, a crosslinking agent having at least two functional groups that are reactive with the functional groups in the film forming material, and a monocarboxylic acid. Multi-component composite coatings, coated substrates, and related methods are also provided.

Abstract: A thermosetting composition that includes an ungelled copolymer composition and a crosslinking agent. The ungelled copolymer composition includes a functional group-containing copolymer that includes segments of alternating residues derived from a donor monomer composition comprising an acceptor monomer composition. The donor monomer composition includes one or both of isobutylene and diisobutylene, and the acceptor monomer composition includes acrylic monomers and monomers containing functional groups. The ungelled copolymer composition is substantially free of transition metals and Lewis acids, and the copolymer is substantially free of maleate-type monomer residues and fumarate-type monomer residues. The crosslinking agent has at least two functional groups that are reactive with the functional groups of the copolymer. The thermosetting composition may be in liquid, powder, or dispersed form and may be applied by traditional or electrocoating methods.

Abstract: A thermosetting composition that includes a co-reactable solid, particulate mixture of a film forming material having functional groups and a crosslinking agent having at least two functional groups that are reactive with the functional groups in the film forming material. The crosslinking agent includes a copolymer having at least 30 mol % of alternating structural units of a residue from a donor monomer and a residue from one or more acrylic acceptor monomers. The thermosetting composition may coat a substrate by coalescing the composition to form a continuous film and curing the composition. The thermosetting composition may be included as part of a multi-component composite coating composition that includes an optional primer coat, a base coat deposited from a pigmented film-forming composition, and a transparent top coat applied over the base coat, where either the base coat, the transparent top coat, or both, are deposited from the thermosetting composition.

Abstract: An antimicrobial agent utilizes a resin having acrylonitrile and styrene and/or a conjugated diene as units. The antimicrobial agent includes a metal-salt-containing copolymer, and the metal-salt-containing copolymer is obtained by treating a copolymer containing acrylonitrile and at least one of styrene and a conjugated diene as units with an acid to thereby introduce acid radicals into the copolymer, and converting at least part of the acid radicals into a salt of at least one metal selected from among Ag, Cu, and Zn.

Abstract: A high-molecular flocculant rendered water-soluble by conversion of cyano groups contained in a high-molecular material, a method for producing the flocculant, and a method for efficiently processing water using the flocculant. A high-molecular material containing acrylonitrile as a monomer is processed safely to impart hydrophilicity to the material and the resulting product is used for water processing to contribute to environmental conservation. An amino compound is added to a cyano group containing high-molecular material to convert at least a portion of the cyano group (—C?N) into a molecular structure portion having an imidamino structure and, if necessary, to convert at, least the portion into one of an acid salt, a quaternary ammonium salt or a hydrolyzate structure portion to give a high-molecular flocculant. Alternatively, a high-molecular material having cyano groups is hydrolysed to convert the cyano group into carbamoyl groups, carboxylic groups or their salts to give a high-molecular flocculant.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polymer composite containing at least one carboxylated nitrile rubber polymer, that is optionally hydrogenated, at least one basic compound, at least one polyhalogenated hydrocarbon, optionally at least one filler and optionally at least one cross-linking agent, a process for preparing said polymer composite wherein at least one carboxylated nitrile rubber polymer, that is optionally hydrogenated, at least one basic compound, at least one polyhalogenated hydrocarbon, optionally at least one filler and optionally at least one cross-linking agent are mixed and a shaped article containing diester bridges formed by reaction of at least one carboxylated nitrile rubber polymer, that is optionally hydrogenated, at least one basic compound and at least one polyhalogenated hydrocarbon.

Abstract: The present invention relates compositions containing acetoacetylated polyvinyl polymers obtained from polyvinyl polymers, such as polyvinyl butyrals. These coating compositions are especially suitable for use as wash primers in automotive OEM and refinish coating applications.

Abstract: Heat-activatable adhesives comprise a semi-crystalline polymer. The semi-crystalline polymer comprises alkyl (meth)acrylate monomer units having an alkyl group that contains at least about 20 carbon atoms, alkyl (meth)acrylate monomer units having an alkyl group that contains from about 4 to about 12 carbon atoms, and optionally ethylenically-unsaturated non-acidic polar monomer units. Methods for making heat-activatable adhesives and articles therefrom are also included.

Abstract: A copolymer composition that includes a copolymer comprised of at least 30 mol % of residues having the following alternating residues from a donor monomer and from an acceptor monomer. The copolymer contains at least 15 mol % of an isobutylene type donor monomer and at least 15 mol % of an acrylic monomer as an acceptor monomer. The copolymer is substantially free of maleate or fumarate monomer segments and the copolymer composition is substantially free of Lewis acids and transition metals. Also disclosed is a thermosetting composition that includes a reactant comprising functional groups, a crosslinking agent having at least two functional groups that are reactive with the functional groups first reactant, and a copolymer flow control agent that includes the copolymer composition as well as substrates coated with the thermosetting composition.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a nitrile polymer vulcanizate having improved hot air aging characteristics. The nitrile polymer vulcanizate may be produced by admixing a composition containing: (i) a nitrile polymer; (ii) a filler; (iii) a metal salt of a secondary amine; (iv) a vulcanization system; and optionally (v) an additive selected from the group consisting of a strong base, a salt of a strong base and a weak acid, a salt of a weak acid, a carbodiimide, a polycarbodiimide and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides a vinyl polymer with an epoxy group terminally introduced therein and an epoxy resin composition comprising (A) an epoxy resin and (B) a vinyl polymer which has a main chain produced by living radical polymerization and has a reactive functional group at a main chain terminus. A flexible epoxy resin composition can be obtained using these compounds. The invention further provides an epoxy resin composition having an epoxy group at a main chain terminus thereof.

Abstract: A high-molecular flocculant rendered water-soluble by conversion of cyano groups contained in a high-molecular material, a method for producing the flocculant, and a method for efficiently processing water using the flocculant. A high-molecular material containing acrylonitrile as a monomer is processed safely to impart hydrophilicity to the material and the resulting product is used for water processing to contribute to environmental conservation. An amino compound is added to a cyano group containing high-molecular material to convert at least a portion of the cyano group (—C?N) into a molecular structure portion having an imidamino structure and, if necessary, to convert at, least the portion into one of an acid salt, a quaternary ammonium salt or a hydrolyzate structure portion to give a high-molecular flocculant. Alternatively, a high-molecular material having cyano groups is hydrolysed to convert the cyano group into carbamoyl groups, carboxylic groups or their salts to give a high-molecular flocculant.

Abstract: The present invention provides a branched polyvinyl imidazoline acid salt which, when used in waste water treatment, especially sewage treatment, forms flocs and decreases the water content of a dehydrated cake, a polymeric flocculent comprising the branched polyvinyl imidazoline acid salt, and a process for preparing the branched polyvinyl imidazoline acid salt. The branched polyvinyl imidazoline acid salt has a Huggins' constant k? of 0.2 to 1.2 and an intrinsic viscosity [?] of 2 to 20 based on measurements at 30° C. in a 0.1 mol/l aqueous solution of sodium chloride.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of vulcanized bonding of heat resistant rubber. Vulcanized bonding of a hydrogenated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (H-NBR) and an acrylic rubber (ACM) comprises a step for mixing zinc oxide (ZnO) and magnesium oxide (MgO) as acid acceptors into non-vulcanized H-NBR; and a step for the peroxide vulcanization of the H-NBR at the same time as the vulcanized bonding of the ACM, which is of an epoxy cross-linking type. Thus, hydrogenated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (H-NBR) and acrylic rubber (ACM) are vulcanized bonded securely while also providing heat resistance.

Abstract: The present invention is directed primarily to an interlinked crystalline solid polyethylene glycol composition (I-PEG) having a molecular weight of at least 20 kDa and a melting temperature of at least 40° C. and its use as an absorbable device having hydrolabile ester or carbonate interlinks that allow in vivo dissociation of the interlinked chain into excretable, low molecular weight PEG segments.

Abstract: In one embodiment, this invention relates to a solventless liquid nitrile compound. The compound includes a liquid nitrile rubber. The compound also includes a curing agent selected from sulfur and/or sulfur donors. The curing agent is present in an amount of at least about 3% by weight of the compound. The compound contains substantially no solvent. In another embodiment, this invention relates to a solventless liquid nitrile compound. The compound includes a liquid nitrile rubber. The compound also includes a nonsulfur curing agent. The curing agent is present in an amount of at least about 5% by weight of the compound. The compound contains substantially no solvent.

Abstract: The present invention provides: a process for producing a water-absorbing agent at low temperature in a short time, wherein the water-absorbing agent has excellent balance between the absorption capacity without load and the absorption capacity under a load, high fluidity under a hygroscopic atmosphere, and excellent safety; and a novel water-absorbing agent and a novel crosslinking agent particularly suitable for crosslinking water-absorbent resins. The water-absorbing agent, having excellent balance between the absorption capacity without load and the absorption capacity under a load, high fluidity under a hygroscopic atmosphere, and excellent safety, can be obtained by using an oxetane compound and/or an imidazolidinone compound for a water-absorbent resin.

Abstract: A composition that includes a fluorine-containing copolymer containing at least 30 mol % of residues having the following alternating structural unit: —[DM—AM]— where DM represents a residue from a donor monomer having the following structure (I): where R1 is linear or branched C1 to C4 alkyl; R2 is selected from methyl, linear, cyclic or branched C1 to C20 alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, alkaryl and aralkyl; and AM represents an acceptor monomer. The copolymer contains at least 5 wt. % fluorine. The composition may include co-reactive functional groups and may be a thermosetting composition, which can be used to coat a substrate. The thermosetting composition may be part of a multi-component composite coating composition that includes a base coat deposited from a pigmented film-forming composition and a substantially pigment free top coat applied over at least a portion of the base coat.

Abstract: A thermosetting composition that includes an ungelled copolymer composition and a crosslinking agent. The ungelled copolymer composition includes a functional group-containing copolymer that includes segments of alternating residues derived from a donor monomer composition comprising an acceptor monomer composition. The donor monomer composition includes one or both of isobutylene and diisobutylene, and the acceptor monomer composition includes acrylic monomers and monomers containing functional groups. The ungelled copolymer composition is substantially free of transition metals and Lewis acids, and the copolymer is substantially free of maleate-type monomer residues and fumarate-type monomer residues. The crosslinking agent has at least two functional groups that are reactive with the functional groups of the copolymer. The thermosetting composition may be in liquid, powder, or dispersed form and may be applied by traditional or electrocoating methods.

Abstract: A controlled free-radical polymerization process for forming end-functionalized polymers is disclosed, particularly by degenerative iodine transfer. The end-functionalized polymers are characterized by a polydispersity less than 2.5 and a predetermined molecular weight. The end-functionalized polymers are useful as reactive intermediates in condensation polymerization, chain polymerization and heterogeneous polymerization reactions.

Abstract: The invention provides a production method capable of reducing the amount of the chemical liquid (hydrazine and sodium carbonate, etc.) for applying a crosslinking treatment and a hydrolytic treatment, capable of shortening the treatment time, and capable of obtaining crosslinked acrylic moisture absorbing fibers having a sufficient moisture absorbing-moisture releasing performance and provides crosslinked acrylic moisture absorbing fibers. In the case of producing the crosslinked acrylic moisture absorbing fibers by applying a crosslinking treatment and a hydrolytic treatment to acrylic fibers, acrylic fibers made of a copolymer containing from 1 to 5% by weight a comonomer having an acidic group as a comonomer component are used as the raw material fibers to be treated.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for crosslinking copolymers of acrylic esters by converting some of the ester groups to ester or amide groups which contain unsaturation, and then sulfur or peroxide curing the resulting polymers. The resulting crosslinked polymers often have excellent vulcanizate properties, and are useful especially in elastomeric form as seals and gasket.

Abstract: The present invention provides: a process for producing a water-absorbing agent at low temperature in a short time, wherein the water-absorbing agent has excellent balance between the absorption capacity without load and the absorption capacity under a load, high fluidity under a hygroscopic atmosphere, and excellent safety; and a novel water-absorbing agent and a novel crosslinking agent particularly suitable for crosslinking water-absorbent resins. The water-absorbing agent, having excellent balance between the absorption capacity without load and the absorption capacity under a load, high fluidity under a hygroscopic atmosphere, and excellent safety, can be obtained by using an oxetane compound and/or an imidazolidinone compound for a water-absorbent resin.

Abstract: Disclosed is a treating method of a resin composition comprising: kneading a resin composition comprising a thermoplastic resin, 0 to 0.7 part by weight, based on 1 part by weight of the thermoplastic resin, of a treating agent having a capacity of hydrogenating a halogen and a halide, at 280 to 450° C., in the presence of a metal compound which combines with a halogen atom to generate a metal halide compound having a boiling point or sublimation point not greater than 450° C. at atmospheric pressure, to thereby convert the halide into a metal halide; and separating and collecting, from the resin composition, each of a mixture of the thermoplastic resin and the treating agent having a capacity of hydrogenating a halogen, and the metal halide. This makes it possible to treat a waste without conducting gasification or liquefaction of a resin by combustion or thermal decomposition, thereby removing and collecting the halogen such as bromine and the metal oxide therefrom in a high yield in a short time.

Abstract: The present invention provides a branched polyvinyl imidazoline acid salt which, when used in waste water treatment, especially sewage treatment, forms flocs and decreases the water content of a dehydrated cake, a polymeric flocculent comprising the branched polyvinyl imidazoline acid salt, and a process for preparing the branched polyvinyl imidazoline acid salt. The branched polyvinyl imidazoline acid salt has a Huggins' constant k′ of 0.2 to 1.2 and an intrinsic viscosity [&eegr;] of 2 to 20 based on measurements at 30° C. in a 0.1 mol/l aqueous solution of sodium chloride.

Abstract: A process for reducing the residual monomer amount in aqueous polymer dispersions comprises aftertreating with a redox initiator system.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of superabsorbent polymers by alkaline hydrolysis of polyacrylonitrile emulsions is disclosed. In an embodiment of the invention the process comprise preparing a PAN emulsion, subjecting the emulsion to alkaline hydrolysis, neutralizing the hydrolysate followed by drying, granulation and modifying the surface of the granular polymer by crosslinking. The process is characterized in that the isolation of the superabsorbent polymer entails neither alcohols nor organic solvents.

Abstract: The present invention involves a method of making a multiblock copolymer containing two or more types of sequences of derivatives of acrylic acid with at least one derivative being acrylic acid salt and at least one being acrylamide. The method includes: (e) in sequence, a first step being a catalytic reaction of nitrile groups in polyacrylonitrile dissolved in an inorganic aqueous solvent of polyacrylonitrile; and, (f) at least one subsequent step being at least one catalytic reaction of nitrile groups in absence of polyacrylonitrile solvents. The present invention also pertains to the products resulting from the method.

Abstract: A three dimensional copolymer network of polyphenylene ether segments and styrenic resins such as styrene/acrylonitrile copolymers provide articles of high heat reesistance and dielectric properties suitable for use in electronic components. Methods for preparing the copolymers employ polyphenylene ether polymers with end caps having at least one pair of unsaturated aliphatic carbon atoms, i.e. carbon-carbon double bond, and polymerize styrene monomers and acrylonitrile monomers or styrene/acrylonitrile copolymers or both in the presence of these polyphenylene ether polymers.

Abstract: Ethylene copolymer elastomer compositions, acrylate rubber compositions, nitrile rubber compositions, fluoroelastomer compositions, and chlorinated olefin elastomer compositions are provided which are curable by exposure to UV radiation. The compositions are particularly suited for production of elastomeric seals using hot melt equipment and a gasketing in place technique.

Abstract: The present invention involves a method of making a multiblock copolymer containing two or more types of sequences of derivatives of acrylic acid with at least one derivative being acrylic acid salt and at least one being acrylamide.

Abstract: A method of crosslinking polystyrene polymers and co-polymers for the formation of macroreticular materials of an Mc 30,000 to 50,000 is described. The materials forming an insoluble gel which is shaped in an extruder to 3 to 5 cm pieces and is subject to sulphonation with dense sulphuric acid, with oleum sulphuric acid with sulphur trioxide and with chlorosulphonic acid, and the introduction of sulphonic groups to a high density and with the introduction of nitric group and with the introduction of carboxylic group with the copolymer styrene-acrylonitrile.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for crosslinking copolymers of acrylic esters by converting some of the ester groups to ester or amide groups which contain unsaturation, and then sulfur or peroxide curing the resulting polymers. The resulting crosslinked polymers often have excellent vulcanizate properties, and are useful especially in elastomeric form as seals and gasket.

Abstract: A process is described for reducing the residual monomer content in a liquid solution, mixture, melt, suspension or dispersion of a polymer by postpolymerization with addition of a redox initiator system at a reaction temperature appropriate to it and with an extremely short mixing time of the liquid system in the production reactor by metering—gradually, in portions or continuously—at least one of the redox initiator components required to initiate polymerization of the residual monomers over a period (metering time) which is from about 10 to 250 times the mixing time of the liquid system in said reactor.

Abstract: The present invention involves a method of making a multiblock copolymer containing two or more types of sequences of derivatives of acrylic acid with at least one derivative being acrylic acid salt and at least one being acrylamide. The method includes: (e) in sequence, a first step being a catalytic reaction of nitrile groups in polyacrylonitrile dissolved in an inorganic aqueous solvent of polyacrylonitrile; and, (f) at least one subsequent step being at least one catalytic reaction of nitrile groups in absence of polyacrylonitrile solvents.The present invention also pertains to the products resulting from the method.

Abstract: A process is described for effectively reducing the residual monomer content of an aqueous polymer dispersion by aftertreatment at atmospheric pressure or above with an initiator system comprising a) a hydroperoxide, hydrogen peroxide or a peracid, and b) an &agr;-hydroxy carboxylic acid, such as tartaric acid, or with a salt thereof.

Abstract: The present invention involves a method of making a multiblock copolymer containing two or more types of sequences of derivatives of acrylic acid with at least one derivative being acrylic acid salt and at least one being acrylamide.

Abstract: A process peroxidically treats olefin polymers with di-tert-butyl peroxide in an extruder. The olefin polymers together with di-tert-butyl peroxide under an inert gas are fed to an extruder. The olefin polymers are used in a finely divided form at from 55 to 110° C. The use of peroxidically treated olefin polymers for producing moldings, fibers, films or nonwoven spunbond fabrics is described, as is a process for producing moldings, fibers, films or nonwoven spunbond fabrics.

Abstract: A copolymer which can provide an aqueous solution thereof having high viscosity, a cationic high molecular weight flocculating agent comprising the copolymer and a process for producing the copolymer. The copolymer is formed by a process where copolymer units necessary to form the copolymer are reacted with a polyamine in the presence of ammonium chloride and/or a hydrochloride of an amine. The copolymer has units represented by the following formulae (1) and (2) where substituents are defined in the specification: The copolymer has a Brookfield viscosity as a 1 wt % aqueous solution thereof of 10 to 10,000 centipoise.

Abstract: An antimicrobial agent utilizes a resin having acrylonitrile and styrene and/or a conjugated diene as units. The antimicrobial agent includes a metal-salt-containing copolymer, and the metal-salt-containing copolymer is obtained by treating a copolymer containing acrylonitrile and at least one of styrene and a conjugated diene as units with an acid to thereby introduce acid radicals into the copolymer, and converting at least part of the acid radicals into a salt of at least one metal selected from among Ag, Cu, and Zn.

Abstract: Water-soluble homo- and/or copolymers containing alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal carboxylate groups and based on acrylic or methacrylic derivatives, and corresponding water-soluble homo- and/or copolymers containing carboxyl groups and homo- and/or copolymers containing ammonium carboxylate groups are provided, which homo- and/or copolymers possess excellent suitability for increasing the viscosity of aqueous systems, in particular of print pastes for textile treatment.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of a nonwoven water blocking tape for use in cable manufacture, which process comprises the steps of: (i) forming a coating of an aqueous solution of a water soluble polymer containing anionic groups and a multivalent ionic crosslinking agent on at least one surface of a nonwoven substrate material; and (ii) drying and/or curing the coating in order to form a partially crosslinked water swellable polymer coating on the at least one surface of the nonwoven substrate material. Water blocking tapes are also provided which comprise a nonwoven substrate material having a coating on at least one surface thereof of a water soluble polymer containing anionic groups which is partially crosslinked with a multivalent ionic crosslinking agent.

Abstract: A polymer composition useful to produce a vulcanizate having improved compound scorch safety is described. The polymer composition includes three components. The first component is a polymer selected from the group comprising nitrile polymers and ethylene polymers. The second component is a salt of a strong base and a weak acid, the salt comprising a metal selected from Group I of the Periodic Table of Elements. The third component is a vulcanization system comprising an inorganic peroxide compound and a sulfur containing compound. The polymer compositions may further comprise optional ingredients such as one or more of: a polycarbodiimide and a filler. Vulcanizates produced from the polymer composition have a surprising and unexpected combination of properties.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of making acrylonitrile copolymers having multi block structure comprising acrylic acid, acryl amids and acrylamidine hydrophilic groups in hydrophilic blocks and residual nitrile groups in hydrophobic blocks, by partial hydrolysis of polyacrylonitrile to a predetermined hydrolysis conversion at which the hydrolysis is self terminating by a process that improves quality and reduces product heterogeneity.

Abstract: A permselective graft polymer is disclosed that is formed by converting into intermediate reactive sites a portion of the cyano groups of a backbone polymer containing —CH2—CH(—C≡N)— units, and grafting polyalkylene oxide polymer chains to the backbone polymer through the reactive sites. Either the backbone polymer of a polymer resin or a permselective polymer membrane can be grafted. When a resin is used, it is formed into a permselective polymer membrane using known methods. The resulting permselective membrane can be formed into hollow fibers or flat sheets for the encapsulation of living cells. The encapsulated cells are then implanted into a patient in need of the biologically active factors produced by the cells. The permselective graft polymer membrane exhibits good molecular diffusion with minimal protein adsorption.