Abstract: Synthetic resins such as absorption resins which have been cross-linked with a molecule having pendant double bonds which reacted with a reactive molecule such as molecular halogen, to eliminate unreacted pendant double bonds present in the resin. This method renders the resin less susceptible to runaway thermal reactions which can cause the resin to burn.

Abstract: Halogenated hydrocarbons are removed from hydrocarbon solvents for reuse in a butyl rubber process by contacting the halide containing hydrocarbon solvent with alumina at a temperature of at least 20.degree. C. In particular 2-methyl-3-chloropropene-1, 2-methyl-1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane and tribromo isobutane or mixtures thereof can be removed from a hydrocarbon solvent by the process of this invention. The halide removal is preferably carried out at a temperature of at least 40.degree. C., e.g., 60.degree. C. to 100.degree. C.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing high polymer, e.g. polytetrafluoroethylene, can easily and efficiently be converted into a wax-like lower molecular weight polymer by contact reaction of the high polymer with a gas comprising a fluorinating agent, which is selected from molecular fluorine, nitrogen-fluorine compounds represented by NF.sub.3, halogen fluorides represented by ClF.sub.3 and fluorides of rare gas elements represented by XeF.sub.2, at a temperature in the range from 250.degree. to 550.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for the gas phase production of a sticky, but fluidizable, polymer comprising (i) introducing at least one gaseous monomer, which is a precursor for the polymer, into a bed of particles located in a fluidized bed reactor at a velocity sufficient to cause the particles to separate and act as a fluid; (ii) introducing into the bed a catalyst adapted to cause the monomer to polymerize; (iii) contacting the catalyst with the monomer at a temperature below the sticking temperature of the polymer and at a temperature and pressure sufficient to polymerize the monomer in the presence of the catalyst whereby the polymer is produced; and (iv) passing the polymer from the fluidized bed reactor into at least one fluid bed reactor wherein a fluidizing gas is passed through a bed of particles at a velocity sufficient to cause the particles to separate and act as a fluid; the polymer is passed through the fluid bed reactor in an essentially plug flow mode; and the polymer is maintained in an agitated state.

Abstract: Oligomers of polymerizable ester-containing halopolyalkylenes are effective as cold flow improvers in middle distillate fuels.

Abstract: Chlorinated polyethylene resins which are semicrystalline yet of sufficiently low viscosity to be processible on conventional extrusion equipment are provided. The resins may be used in a variety of applications such as membranes, either theromplastic or thermoset, wire and cable jackets and the like. Plasticizers and other viscosity-reducing aids need not be used in conjunction with these resins.

Abstract: Chlorinated linear ultra low density polyethylene containing 3-40% by weight of chlorine produced by chlorinating a linear ultra low density polyethylene having the properties (i)-(iv) cited below, said polyethylene being produced by copolymerizing ethylene and an .alpha.-olefin having 3-12 carbon atoms in the presence of a catalyst comprising a solid catalyst component containing at least magnesium and titanium and an organic aluminum compound.______________________________________ (i) Melt index 0.01-100 g/10 min (ii) Density 0.860-0.910 g/cm.sup.3 (iii) Maximum peak temperature not lower than 100.degree. C.

Abstract: Polyolefin particles having a halogenated surface region, which are prepared by irradiating ultraviolet rays to an aqueous dispersion of polyolefin particles in the presence of a halogen gas. The polyolefin particles having a halogenated surface region have an improved property of retaining volatile blowing agents and can provide expandable particles having an improved storability in the open state.

Abstract: A process for preparing fluoridated surfaces of polymers includes exposing the surfaces for a period of time to the influence of a fluorine containing a treatment gas of defininte proportion for forming fluoridated hydrocarbons. A small portion of the treatment gas is drawn off during the exposure period and channeled via an activated aluminum oxide contact for carrying out the reaction Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 +3F.sub.2 .fwdarw.2AlF.sub.3 +3/20.sub.2 to determine the fluorine concentration in the residual gas by means of quantitative determination of the released oxygen and therewith the degree of fluorine coating of the surface.

Abstract: Chemical modification of crystalline poly-1,6-di-(N-carbazolyl)-2,4-hexadiyne is disclosed. There is provided a chlorinated poly-1,6-di-(N-carbazolyl)-2,4-hexadiyne having at least 12 chlorine atoms per repeat unit. The chlorinated poly-1,6-di(N-carbazolyl)-2,4-hexadiyne of the invention is characterized by a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum including peaks at about 745.+-.5, 798.+-.5, and 851.+-.5 cm.sup.-1. There is also provided a nitrated poly-1,6-di-(N-carbazolyl)-2,4-hexadiyne having at least 2 nitro groups per repeat unit. The nitrated poly-1,6-di-(N-carbazolyl)-2,4-hexadiyne of the invention is characterized by an FTIR spectrum including absorption at about 1511.+-.5, 1342.+-.5, 794.+-.5, 751.+-.5, and 718.+-.5 cm.sup.-1.

Abstract: Halogenated poly(alloocimene) is described. The polymer is useful in coatings as barrier resin, slow release material for pesticides and the like.

Abstract: A halogenated ethylene-vinyl acetate-isobutene terpolymer is provided that has improved thermal stability.

Abstract: Crystalline brominated poly-1,6-di-(N-carbazolyl)-2,4-hexadiyne having at least two bromine atoms per repeat unit is disclosed. The crystalline brominated poly-1,6-di-(N-carbazolyl)-2,4-hexadiyne of the invention is characterized by a Fourier transform infrared spectrum which includes absorption at 795.+-.5, 835.+-.5, and 865.+-.5 cm.sup.-1. A method for preparing the crystalline brominated poly-1,6-di-(N-carbazolyl)-2,4-hexadiyne of the invention is also disclosed.

Abstract: A halogenated product of a low-molecular weight ethylene random copolymer comprising ethylene and at least one alpha-olefin having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, wherein:(i) the starting low-molecular weight ethylene random copolymer contains 30% to 75% by mole of the ethylene component and 25% to 70% by mole of the alpha-olefin component;(ii) the halogen content of the halogenated product is 5% to 75% by weight;(iii) the intrinsic viscosity [.eta.] of the halogenated product is 0.01 to 0.5 dl/g determined at 135.degree. C. in decalin;(iv) the molecular weight distribution Mw/Mn of the halogenated product, wherein Mw and Mn represent a weight-average molecular weight and a number-average molecular weight, respectively, determined by gel permeation chromatography is 5 or less; and(v) the number-average molecular weight of the halogenated product is 300 to 1000, determined by gel permeation chromatography.

Abstract: Pelletized thermoplastic polymers or resins containing (--CONH--) groups such as the nylons can readily be brominated or chlorinated in organic solvents to convert the (--NH--) units to (--NBr--) or (--NCl--) units and to form solutions of the N-brominated or N-chlorinated thermoplastic polymers or resins. These N-brominated or N-chlorinated thermoplastic polymer solutions can be coated on a cellular or solid rubbery hydrocarbon polymer substrate, such as an EPDM rubber in the form of a weatherstrip or glass run channel, dried and irradiated with ultraviolet light or heated at a temperature and for a period of time sufficient to reform the amide (--CONH--) groups and to provide the rubbery substrate with an adherent and abrasion resistant coating which also exhibits reduced ice adhesion and coefficient of friction.

Abstract: A novel route to the manufacture of substituted polyacetylenes is disclosed in which polyacetylene is first reduced to render it n-type conductor and then treated with an organic halide to form an organic-substituted polyacetylene.

Abstract: A process and the product made thereby are disclosed in the preferred form of this process, chlorinated polyethylene is first fluorinated ambient temperature for an interval of contact with elemental fluorine. Then, contact with a strong base converts the polymer into conjugated double bonds, reducing electrical resistance. The double bonds yield a surface layer able to controllably conduct electrical current.

Abstract: Chemical modification of crystalline poly-1,6-di-(N-carbazolyl)-2,4-hexadiyne is disclosed. There is provided a chlorinated poly-1,6-di-(N-carbazolyl)-2,4-hexadiyne having at least 12 chlorine atoms per repeat unit. The chlorinated poly-1,6-di-(N-carbazolyl)-2,4-hexadiyne of the invention is characterized by a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum including peaks at about 745.+-.5, 798.+-.5, and 851.+-.5 cm.sup.-1. There is also provided a nitrated poly-1,6-di-(N-carbazolyl)-2,4-hexadiyne having at least 2 nitro groups per repeat unit. The nitrated poly-1,6-di-(N-carbazolyl)-2,4-hexadiyne of the invention is characterized by an FTIR spectrum including absorption at about 1511.+-.5, 1342.+-.5, 794.+-.5, 751.+-.5, and 718.+-.5 cm.sup.-1.

Abstract: A method for enhancing surface properties of a polymeric solid is disclosed involving chlorination in the presence of actinic light to a depth substantially not in excess of 1800 .ANG. and to a chlorine content by weight in said 1800 .ANG. layer not exceeding 20%. Such limited chlorination of only the molecular surface layer provides enhancement of the polymeric solids' surface and barrier properties without any perceptible deterioration of the polymer's bulk physical properties.

Abstract: A chlorinated ethylene copolymer resin having a chlorine content of 5-50% by weight obtained by chlorinating an ethylene copolymer resin by the aqueous suspension method at a temperature of 100.degree. C. or higher in at least one chlorination stage, said copolymer resin being obtained by copolymerizing ethylene and as at least one comonomer 0.02-2.0 mol % of a nonconjugated diene using a polymerization catalyst comprising a solid catalytic component containing at least magnesium and titanium and an organic aluminum compound and having a maximum peak temperature according to the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) of 100.degree. C. or higher.

Abstract: In a process for the continuous halogenation of polymers by contacting polymer and halogenating agent in a continuous flow device in which means are provided for disengaging reaction by-products and unreacted halogenating agent from the reaction mixture, by deforming and disrupting the halogenated polymer surface and injecting an inert and/or reactive gas into the halogenated polymers immediately after reaction thereby neutralizing the product. In a preferred embodiment the process is carried out in an extruder-reactor and an optional, supplementary inert and/or reactive gas scrubbing zone is included. The process is amenable to saturated and unsaturated polymers.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a thin transparent polytetrafluoroethylene film having:(1) a film thickness of 0.1-100 .mu.m;(2) a parallel light transmittance of at least 70% (as measured in accordance with JIS K 7105); and(3) a tensile strength of at least 1 kg/mm.sup.2 (as measured in accordance with JIS K 6887 except for the use of a pulling speed of 10 mm/min.).The film is produced by fluorinating with a fluorine gas a thin film formed from a solution of a fluoroethylene polymer having an inherent viscosity of at least 2.5 dl/g (as measured at a temperature of 30.degree. C. and a solution concentration of 0.4 g/dl) in accordance with the casting process and having a thickness of 0.1-100 .mu.m.

Abstract: An undoped semiconducting polymeric material is provided which is composed of a plurality of parallel sheets of regular two dimensional networks of polydiacetylene and polyacetylene chains interconnected by a plurality of spacer units. In the preferred embodiment the spacer units are methylene with the number of methylene units ranging from 5 to 8. The polymeric material is preferably formed by polymerizing a monomer having the structural formula CH.tbd.C--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --C.tbd.C--C.tbd.C--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --C.tbd.CH. In the preferred embodiment n has a value of 5 to 8.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of making perfluorinated elastomeric materials, and to materials made by such methods. In the full synthetic scheme, a partially fluorinated polymeric compound, with moieties to prevent crystallization, is created. It is then crosslinked to a desired degree, then perfluorinated.Various intermediate materials, such as partially fluorinated crosslinked polymers, have useful properties, and are or may become commercially available. One embodiment of this invention therefore relates to perfluorination of a selected partially fluorinated, crosslinked material, which is one step of the full synthetic scheme.

Abstract: Electrically conductive polymer blends of an acetylene polymer, such as poly(acetylene), and a triblock thermoplastic elastomer, such as styrene-butadiene-styrene, are disclosed. In addition, a method for preparing such blends wherein the acetylene polymer is preferentially formed in the central elastomeric block of the triblock copolymer is disclosed. These blends exhibit high conductivity and elasticity upon doping with electron donors or electron acceptors.

Abstract: An iodine-containing conductive resin composition, said composition obtained by dispersing a carbon in a complex adduct of iodine and a polymer capable of forming a complex adduct with iodine and/or a mixture obtained by dispersing iodine in said polymer.

Abstract: Solid organic polymers are chlorinated with chlorine to give chlorinated polymers in the presence of a solvent which contains from 20 to 100% by weight of phosgene and in which the polymer is dissolved or suspended, at or below the boiling point of the mixture of chlorine and solvent, by initiating the reaction with actinic light or another initiator which produces free radicals. A mixture of not less than 50% by weight of phosgene and a chlorofluorocarbon or chlorofluorohydrocarbon, such as chlorotrifluoromethane, can also be used as the solvent, but phosgene is most suitable.

Abstract: A halogenated ethylene-vinyl acetate-isobutene terpolymer is provided that has improved thermal stability.

Abstract: Synergically stabilized mixed form halogenated and/or interhalogenated forms of the freebase polyvinyl-pyridine resin for disinfecting water. The resins may be employed in a single pass column or bed system to provide instantaneous disinfection of bacterially contaminated water.

Abstract: Fluorinated polymer surfaces are provided by a process in which ultraviolet radiation is used to assist the surface fluorination reaction.

Abstract: A process of modifying ethylene polymers by reacting granular ethylene polymers having a density of about 0.87 to about 0.92 gram per cc and a pore volume of about 0.1 to about 1 cc per gram with a gaseous chlorinating agent to produce elastomeric, granular, chlorinated polymers having a tensile modulus of less than about 2,000 psi and a crystallinity of less than about 10 percent.

Abstract: An uncured chlorinated polyethylene elastomer having a molecular weight distribution of about 6-13, as determined by the ratio of Mw/Mn where Mw represents the weight average molecular weight and Mn represents the number average molecular weight, a chlorine content of about 20-28% by weight, a Mooney viscosity value, determined according to ASTM D 1646-81, ML.sub.(1+4) at 100.degree. C., of about 15-36; and, optionally, a sulfur content of about 0.2-2% by weight and a process for their preparation.

Abstract: This invention relates to polyalkylenes which contain both halogen and ester groups, to the preparation thereof, and to the use thereof as pour depressants for fuel oils. This invention also relates to polyalkylene esters.

Abstract: This invention relates to polyalkylenes which contain both halogen and ester groups, to the preparation thereof, and to the use thereof as pour depressants for fuel oils. This invention also relates to polyalkylene esters.

Abstract: A process for the continuous bromination of butyl rubber polymer by contacting the polymer with a brominating agent in a continuous flow device in which means are provided for disengaging reaction by-products and unreacted halogenating agents from the reaction mixture, by deforming and disrupting the brominated polymer surface and injecting a neutralizing agent into the polymer immediately after reaction thereby neutralizing the polymer, comprising contacting a polymer substantially free of acid scavengers, with the brominating agent at elevated temperatures the bromination reaction being carried out in an acid atmosphere, thereby producing a polymer having a substantial fraction of the bromine in the primary allylic position.

Abstract: This invention relates to polyalkylenes which contain both halogen and ester groups, to the preparation thereof, and to the use thereof as pour depressants for fuel oils. This invention also relates to polyalkylene esters.

Abstract: In a process for the continuous halogenation of polymers by contacting polymer and halogenating agent in a continuous flow device in which the polymer and halogenating agent are subjected to deformation during reaction and in which means are provided for disengaging reaction by-products and unreacted halogenating agent from the reaction mixture, a significant process improvement is realized by injecting an inert gas into the halogenated polymers immediately after reaction in order to neutralize the product. In a preferred embodiment the process is carried out in an extruder-reactor and an optional, supplementary inert gas scrubbing zone is included. The process is amenable to saturated and unsaturated polymers.

Abstract: In a process for the continuous halogenation of polymers by contacting polymer and halogenating agent in a continuous flow device in which means are provided for disengaging reaction by-products and unreacted halogenating agent from the reaction mixture, by deforming and disrupting the halogenated polymer surface and injecting an inert gas into the halogenated polymers immediately after reaction thereby neutralizing the product. In a preferred embodiment the process is carried out in an extruder-reactor and an optional, supplementary inert gas scrubbing zone is included. The process is amenable to saturated and unsaturated polymers.

Abstract: This invention relates to polyalkylenes which contain both halogen and ester groups, to the preparation thereof, and to the use thereof as pour depressants for fuel oils. This invention also relates to polyalkylene esters.

Abstract: This invention relates to polyalkylenes which contain both halogen and ester groups, to the preparation thereof, and to the use thereof as pour depressants for fuel oils. This invention also relates to polyalkylene esters.

Abstract: This invention relates to polyalkylenes which contain both halogen and ester groups, to the preparation thereof, and to the use thereof as pour depressants for fuel oils. This invention also relates to polyalkylene esters.

Abstract: This invention relates to polyalkylenes which contain both halogen and ester groups, to the preparation thereof, and to the use thereof as pour depressants for fuel oils. This invention also relates to polyalkylene esters.

Abstract: Method for the fluorination of a surface layer of articles molded from plastic, vulcanized rubber or other such macromolecular substances by the exposure of at least a part of the article's surface to a fluorine-yielding liquid in a controllable reaction, the liquid consisting of a solvent or solvent mixture containing dissolved elemental fluorine. Suitable solvents are especially halogen hydrocarbons in accordance with DIN 8962, which are liquid within a temperature range from -30.degree. C. to +10.degree. C., but also water and solvents having perfluoroalkyl groups. The liquid, in which a fluorine concentration between 0.5.times.10.sup.-3 and 1.times.10.sup.-2 mol/l is established by the introduction of fluorine diluted with inert gas, is used to treat the articles for about 20 seconds to 30 minutes; the fluorine can be activated if desired. The liquid can additionally contain sulfur dioxide, oxygen, carbon monoxide, chlorine, bromine, or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparation of a highly fluorinated polymer by converting a polymer containing the recurring unit R--S'--X.sub.m, in which R denotes a base unit forming the matrix, X denotes identical or different functional groups, with the exception of halogen, and S' is an aromatic or araliphatic radical with m+1 free valencies, m being at least 1, into a highly fluorinated polymer by fluorination with elementary fluorine. The process is particularly useful for the preparation of cation exchangers, such as those which contain the unit ##STR1## in which C.sub.6 F.sub.10 represents a perfluorinated cyclohexyl ring.

Abstract: Continuous halogenation of polymers is achieved by contacting polymer and halogenating agent in a continuous flow device in which the reactants are present as either co-continuous phases or wherein the halogenating agent is present as a continuous phase and the polymer is present as a discontinuous phase, the polymer is subjected to deformation during reaction and in which means are provided for disengaging reaction by-products and unreacted halogenating agent from the reaction mixture. In a preferred embodiment the polymer passes through three extruder-reactor zones under controlled conditions to achieve halogenation: feed, reaction (preferably vented), neutralization, and optionally a wash and exit zone. A continuous halogenating agent phase is achieved during reaction by avoiding complete filling of the reaction zone with polymer. Various halogenated polymers are produced, for example, halogenated linear low density polyethylene and halogenated butyl rubber.

Abstract: Continuous halogenation of polymers is achieved in an extruder-reactor employing reactants, conditions and design features directed to maximizing mixing and contact of the polymer with the halogenating agent and neutralizing agent while simultaneously minimizing side reactions and polymer degradation. The polymer passes through three extruder-reactor zones under controlled conditions to achieve halogenation: feed, reaction, neutralization, and optionally a wash and exit zone. Various halogenated polymers are produced, for example, halogenated linear low density polyethylene and halogenated butyl rubber.

Abstract: A surface modifying composition for vulcanized rubber comprises a halogen-releasable halogenoid and a waxy substance having a melting point of not more than 100.degree. C. and is non-solvent type. In the surface modification of vulcanized rubber, the surface coated with the surface modifying composition is heated at 60.degree.-150.degree. C.

Abstract: Polyacetylene, doped with iodine, can be stabilized against aqueous deterioration by immersion in moderately concentrated chloride solutions.

Abstract: Conductive materials are formed by implanting high energy ions (30 keV to 300 keV) into rigid backboned polymers, such as poly (p-phenylene sulfide); conductivities on the order of 10.sup.-3 (ohm-cm).sup.-1 are demonstrated and the materials remain stable over periods as long as a year.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for fluorinating the surface of a polymeric solid for improving a surface property of such solid while substantially maintaining the bulk physical properties of said solid. This method comprises contacting the polymeric solid with dilute fluorine gas at a temperature not substantially above about room temperature and at a pressure not substantially above about 1 atmosphere for a time adequate to partially fluorinate said solid surface by forming stable fluorocarbon groups wherein the ratio of --CF.sub.2 -- groups to --CHF-- groups is not substantially above about 1:1, the proportion of oxygen-providing groups presend during said fluorination being restricted to an amount whereby substantially no oxidation of said surface occurs.