Abstract: A hydrophilic polymer alloy which has a permanent hydrophilic nature, a sufficient mechanical strength and a high safety and which is suitable for the formation of hydrophilic porous membranes manufacturable by an industrially advantageous process can be prepared by blending an amorphous hydrophilic copolymer (X) containing 10 mole % or more of an ethylene unit, 10 to 60 mole % of a vinyl alcohol unit and 1 mole % or more of a vinyl acetate unit with a polyolefin (Y). Furthermore, this polymer alloy is also suitable for the formation of hydrophilic (porous) fibers having a sufficient mechanical strength and antistatic function.

Abstract: The present invention relates to degradable thermoplastic compositions comprising at least one polycaprolactone property modifier blended with at least one water soluble polymer and/or at least one alkaline soluble polymer. Articles produced with this composition have a long and useful life under dry or aqueous conditions. When such articles are exposed to a hot aqueous alkaline solution, the composition dissolves and is readily disposed.

Abstract: Disclosed are a polyphenylene sulfide composition having excellent impact characteristics, melt flow characteristics and flexibility which comprises, as indispensable components, (A) a polyphenylene sulfide, (B) an epoxy group-containing olefinic polymer, and (C) at least one elastomer selected from ethylene/propylene copolymers, ethylene/butene copolymers, ethylene/propylene/diene copolymers, hydrogenated styrene/butadiene/styrene block copolymers, copolymers of ethylene with a monomer selected from acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and alkyl esters and metal salts thereof, and polyamide elastomers; and a shaped article made from the polyphenylene sulfide composition.

Abstract: Polymers containing a high percentage of vinyl alcohol units may be blended with copolymers of alkyl methacrylates and unsaturated organic acids and processed into sheet, film, fiber and other objects which exhibit an useful balance of barrier and strength properties.

Abstract: A homogeneous polyolefinic blend and a preparation process thereof, are provided wherein the blend comprises polyolefin and a polymer which has a barrier property to organic liquid and vapor permeability. The barrier property is improved through the inclusion of mixed compatibilizing substances comprising an alkylcarboxyl-substituted polymer and reactive low molecular weight compounds. The compatibilizing substances are included by the means of ordinary processing equipment. The polymer with the barrier property having low organic liquid and vapor permeability is distributed as a multitude of thin, wide, disc-like layers in a polyolefin phase. The compatibilizing substances minimize the interfacial energy between the two polymers to adhere them together.

Abstract: Disclosed is a water-shrinkable film prepared from a composition comprising an elastomeric polymer and a water-dispersible polymer. Also disclosed is a disposable absorbent product, intended for the absorption of body fluids, including the film. The film is useful in imparting improved water-shrinkability properties to the disposable absorbent product.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a suspending agent for suspension polymerization of a vinyl compound which comprises a polyvinyl alcohol polymer (A) having a degree of hydrolysis of at least 60 mol % and a mercapto group at an end thereof; and furthermore a suspending agent for suspension polymerization of a vinyl compound which comprises a polyvinyl alcohol polymer (A) having a degree of hydrolysis of at least 60 mol % and a mercapto group at an end thereof and a polyvinyl ester polymer (B) having a degree of hydrosis of less than 60 mol %, weight ratio of component (A)/component (B) being 40/60 to 95/5.The suspending agent for suspension polymerization of a vinyl compound of the present invention has an excellent less-foaming effect and an effect of giving uniform and porous vinyl polymer granules.

Abstract: A multi-layer molded polymer composition comprising a polyolefin layer and a immiscible polymer layer adjacent the polyolefin layer. The immiscible polymer layer is selected from a polymer that is normally immiscible for the polyolefin layer. A compatibilizer is blended into either the polyolefin layer or the immiscible polymer layer or optionally into both layers. The compatibilizer has a polyolefin backbone that is miscible in the polyolefin layer and one or more functional polymer grafts attached to the compatibilizer polyolefin backbone. The functional polymer grafts are miscible in the immiscible polymer layer whereby the compatibilizer bonds with both the polyolefin layer and the immiscible polymer layer.

Abstract: A method for compatibilizing at least two thermoplastic resins each having hydroxyl group(s), with each other, which method comprises reacting at least one of the thermoplastic resins with a boron compound simultaneously with or before mixing of the resins, to form a boric acid ester at least at the boundary of the resins; a resin composition comprising resins compatibilized with each other, obtained by the method; and a laminate whose at least one layer consists of the resin composition.

Abstract: Polymers containing a high percentage of vinyl alcohol units are difficult to process into sheet, film, injection-molded objects, or fibers. Such melt-processing is greatly enhanced by admixing certain core/shell copolymers having either a rubbery, crosslinked core mainly formed from polymerization of butadiene and/or of an alkyl acrylate, or a non-cross-linked core derived mainly of units derived from an alkyl acrylate, and an outer shell mainly formed from polymerization of methyl methacrylate. Such copolymers do not require the presence of functional groups capable of reaction with the hydroxyl groups of the poly(vinyl alcohol) to impart the improved processing.

Abstract: A water based coating composition provides a stain resistant layer which adheres well to a substrate and is resistant to chemical attack by common household cleaning solvents such as isopropyl alcohol. The coating composition has a very low volatile organic compound content, thus providing an environmentally desirable alternative to organic solvent based coatings. The low volatile organic compound content of the composition substantially or completely eliminates the problems and expenses associated with solvent recovery for meeting chemical emission standards, and the potential for human exposure to solvent vapor is substantially eliminated or significantly reduced. The coating composition is aqueous based and incorporates a crosslinkable acrylic polymer latex, an amino resin crosslinking agent and a crosslinking catalyst. The polymer, crosslinking agent and catalyst are dispersed and/or solubilized in an aqueous medium.

Abstract: A processing aid system composition containing fluoropolymer processing aid, polar-side-group-containing extrusion adjuvant, and poly(oxyalkylene) polymer enhances extrusion of polyolefins.

Abstract: Hot melt adhesive compositions, particularly biodegradable hot melt adhesives are prepared from 10 to 90% by weight of a thermoplastic methylol polyester prepared from the reaction of at least one dicarboxylic acid with a diglycidyl ether, a diglycidyl ester or a combination thereof; 0 to 90% by weight of a compatible tackifier; 0 to 80% by weight of a compatible plasticizer; 0 to 50% by weight of a compatible wax diluent and 0 to 3% by weight of a stabilizer.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a gas barrier film formed from a mixture containing polyvinyl alcohol and a partially neutralized product of poly(meth)acrylic acid in a weight ratio of 95:5 to 10:90, and having an oxygen permeability constant of 1.25.times.10.sup.-3 ml(STP).multidot.cm/m.sup.2 .multidot.h.multidot.atm{Pa} or smaller as measured under conditions of 30.degree. C. and 80% relative humidity. A production process of the gas barrier film, in which a film formed from a mixture containing polyvinyl alcohol and a partially neutralized product of poly(meth)acrylic acid is subjected to a heat treatment under specific conditions, is also disclosed. The gas barrier film of the invention is excellent in water resistance and oxygen gas barrier property, free of any chlorine atom, and scarcely colored.

Abstract: Polymer blends of at least one polar polymer are prepared by admixture with a poly(vinyl alcohol) and a (meth)acrylate copolymer also containing vinyl amide and/or unsaturated acid units. The ternary compositions have attractive processing and performance properties.

Abstract: The invention provides a redispersibte dispersion powder composition comprisinga) a base polymer selected from the group consisting of vinyl ester polymers, styrene polymres, acrylate polymers and vinyl chloride polymers,b) from 2 to 15% by weight, based on the weight of the base polymer, of polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of hydrolysis of from 85 to 95 mol % and a Hoppler viscosity of from 2 to 25 mPa.s,c) from 3 to 30% by weight, based on the total weight of polymeric components, of fine antiblocking agent, andd) from 1 to 15% by weight, based on the weight of the base polymer, of an aminofunctional polyvinyl alcohol soluble in cold water and having a Hoppler viscosity of from 1 to 20 mPa.s and a saponification number of from 0 to 250, which comprises residues of aminofunctional vinyl units of the formula CH.sub.2 .dbd.CH--(CH.sub.2).sub.x --NH.sub.2, wherein x is a number of from 0 to 4.

Abstract: Polymers containing a high percentage of vinyl alcohol units may be blended with copolymers of alkyl methacrylates and unsaturated organic acids and processed into sheet, film, fiber and other objects which exhibit an useful balance of barrier and strength properties.

Abstract: Preparation of polyvinyl acetals which can form emulsifier- and surfactant-free aqueous dispersions and redispersible dry powders and contain copolymeric polyvinyl acetals with, in amounts sufficient to form a dispersion, comonomer units carrying sulfo salt groups which are derived from copolymeric polyvinyl alcohol (PVALs) which contained comonomer units carrying sulfonate groups in the salt form. The preparation is carried out by acetalization of the starting polyvinyl alcohols to be used with aldehydes or aldehyde acetals under acid-catalyzed acetalization conditions in an aqueous medium, emulsifier-free stable aqueous polyvinyl acetal dispersions being obtained, from which dry redispersible polyvinyl acetal powders can be obtained by spray drying or freeze drying. The polyvinyl acetals according to the invention can be plasticized by mixing in plasticizers both in their aqueous dispersion form and in the dry powder form.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a gas barrier film formed from a mixture containing polyvinyl alcohol and poly(meth)acrylic acid at a weight ratio of 95:5 to 20:80, and having an oxygen permeability constant of 1.25.times.10.sup.-3 ml(STP).cm/m.sup.2.h.atm{Pa} or smaller as measured under conditions of 30.degree. C. and 80% relative humidity. A production process of the gas barrier film, in which a film formed from a mixture containing polyvinyl alcohol and poly(meth)acrylic acid is subjected to a heat treatment under specific conditions, is also disclosed. The gas barrier film of the invention are far excellent in gas barrier property under high-humidity conditions and also superb in water resistance.

Abstract: Aqueous emulsion adhesives having a pH from 2 to 6 which comprise homo- or copolymeric polyvinyl esters, polymeric protective colloids, water-soluble compounds which can be complexed with the polymeric protective colloids, and at least partially masked polyaldehydes having at least 3 carbon atoms from which aldehyde groups can be released in a controlled manner in acidic media are suitable for bonding porous and semiporous substrates.

Abstract: Polymers containing a high percentage of vinyl alcohol units may be blended with copolymers of alkyl methacrylates and unsaturated organic acids and processed into sheet, film, fiber and other objects which exhibit an useful balance of barrier and strength properties.

Abstract: Polymers containing a high percentage of vinyl alcohol units may be blended with copolymers of alkyl methacrylates and unsaturated organic acids and processed into sheet, film, fiber and other objects which exhibit an useful balance of barrier and strength properties.

Abstract: A nonwoven surface treating article suitable for treating surfaces while emitting little formaldehyde includes an open, lofty, three-dimensional nonwoven web of a plurality of thermoplastic organic fibers a bound together at places where they contact by a binder, binder comprising 1) a copolymer of an acrylate monomer and an acrylamide monomer, 2) the crosslinked reaction product of a polyol and a melamine crosslinking agent, and 3) the reaction product of a urea derivative and formaldehyde.

Abstract: Solid state conductive polymer compositions which are ionically-conductive regardless of the amount of water present in the composition are disclosed. The compositions have solvating polymer, ionic salt, and optionally if the composition is not cohesive and pliable, essentially non-volatile plasticizer in an amount sufficient to render the composition cohesive and pliable. Biomedical electrodes having means for electrical communication contacting the compositions are also disclosed. Methods of making the compositions and electrodes are also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to water dispersible polymeric films, to processes for the film preparation and materials for use in forming the water dispersible polymeric films.

Abstract: A method for preparing an acrylic polymer powder which is redispersible in water by atomizing an aqueous polymer dispersion containing a dispersing aid, the improvement which comprises employing an acrylic polymer containing 1-15 wt % olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid comonomer and an effective amount of a dispersing aid consisting essentially of polyvinyl alcohol.

Abstract: Polymers containing a high percentage of vinyl alcohol units may be blended with copolymers of alkyl methacrylates and unsaturated organic acids and processed into sheet, film, fiber and other objects which exhibit an useful balance of barrier and strength properties.

Abstract: Compositions of stabilized stereoregular polymers of branched higher alpha-olefins, grafting compounds, free radical generators, glass and epoxy resins and/or epoxy-functional silanes and/or hydroxy functional compounds are provided as well as methods for making these compounds and articles thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel process for the manufacture of mouldings, especially contact lenses, in which a soluble prepolymer comprising crosslinkable groups is crosslinked in solution, and also to mouldings, especially contact lenses, obtainable in accordance with that process. The present invention relates also to novel prepolymers that can be used in the process according to the invention, especially derivatives of a polyvinyl alcohol having a molecular weight of at least about 2000 that, based on the number of hydroxy groups of the polyvinyl alcohol, comprise from approximately 0.5 to approximately 80% of units of formula I ##STR1## wherein R is lower alkylene having up to 8 carbon atoms,R.sup.1 is hydrogen or lower alkyl andR.sup.

Abstract: Resin compositions, melt-extruded articles, oriented articles and packaging materials for foods obtained from these articles are disclosed. The resin composition includes: (a) from 40 to 80% by weight of a PVA (A) having a degree of saponification of from 60 to 95 mole % by weight, (b) from 5 to 40% by weight of EVOH (B), (c) from 1 to 15% by weight of a thermoplastic resin (C) having a softening temperature not higher than 130.degree. C. and (d) from 5 to 15% by weight of a PEG (D), the total of (A), (B), (C) and (D) being 100% by weight.

Abstract: Polymers containing a high percentage of vinyl alcohol units may be blended with copolymers of alkyl methacrylates and unsaturated organic acids and processed into sheet, film, fiber and other objects which exhibit an useful balance of barrier and strength properties.

Abstract: Polymers containing a high percentage of vinyl alcohol units may be blended with copolymers of alkyl methacrylates and unsaturated organic acids and processed into sheet, film, fiber and other objects which exhibit an useful balance of barrier and strength properties.

Abstract: Polymer blends of at least one polar polymer are prepared by admixture with a poly(vinyl alcohol) and a (meth)acrylate copolymer also containing vinyl amide and/or unsaturated acid units. The ternary compositions have attractive processing and performance properties.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of polypropylene glycol as a shrinkage-reducing additive in dispersion powder compositions for construction materials containinga) a base polymer from the group consisting of vinyl ester polymers, (meth)acrylate and/or styrene (co)polymers and vinyl chloride polymers, andb) eitherb1) 2 to 20% by weight, based on the base polymer, of polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of hydrolysis of 85 to 94 mol % and a Hoppler viscosity of 2 to 40 mPa.s orb2) 2 to 20% by weight, based on the base polymer, of alkali metal salts or alkaline earth metal salts of phenolsulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensation products, andc) 3 to 30% by weight, based on the total weight of polymeric components, of fine antiblocking agents, whereind) the content of polypropylene glycol is 1 to 20% by weight, based on the base polymer.

Abstract: A method for compatibilizing at least two thermoplastic resins each having hydroxyl group(s), with each other, which method comprises reacting at least one of the thermoplastic resins with a boron compound simultaneously with or before mixing of the resins, to form a boric acid ester at least at the boundary of the resins; a resin composition comprising resins compatibilized with each other, obtained by the method; and a laminate whose at least one layer consists of the resin composition.

Abstract: Ink jet printing materials comprise a support and an ink receiving layer containing a pigment, a hydrophilic binder comprising polyvinyl alcohol, vinylpyrrolidone homopolymer and/or vinylpyrrolidone copolymer, and a quaternary ammonium compound.

Abstract: Hot water and superheated steam resistant barrier films, well adopted as packaging materials, e.g., for perishable comestibles, notably foodstuffs, at least in part include at least one layer of a polymer alloy comprising (a) at least one ethylene-vinyl alcohol (EVOH) copolymer, (b) at least one polypropylene and (c) a compatibilizing amount of at least one compatibilizing agent therefor.

Abstract: A process for making a spray dried redispersible polymer powder, especially a VAE copolymer powder, by spray drying a polymer emulsion containing a polyvinyl alcohol redispersant. A sufficient amount of the total polyvinyl alcohol redispersant is added to the polymer emulsion prior to spray drying and the remaining amount of polyvinyl alcohol redispersant is added as a dry powder to the spray dried polymer powder.

Abstract: A resin composition comprises an EVOH (A) and a thermoplastic polymer (B) having at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of boronic acid group, borinic acid group and boron-containing groups convertible into boronic acid group or borinic acid group in the presence of water. The composition may further comprise a thermoplastic polymer (C) other than (A) or (B). The resin compositions thus obtained have good compatibility and give molded products having superior transparency and good mechanical properties.

Abstract: A thermoplastic resin composition including (A) an ethylenic copolymer containing at least one of acrylamide derivative units and methacrylamide derivative units and (B) other thermoplastic resin and a laminate containing at least one layer prepared from the thermoplastic resin composition.

Abstract: Polymers containing a high percentage of vinyl alcohol units may be blended with copolymers of alkyl methacrylates and unsaturated organic acids and processed into sheet, film, fiber and other objects which exhibit an useful balance of barrier and strength properties.

Abstract: Compositions based on blends of certain specified poly(vinyl alcohol) copolymers and other poly(vinyl alcohol) polymers are described which are useful as sizes, and have improved ability to be desized from fabrics compared with the other poly(vinyl alcohol) polymers alone. The specific poly(vinyl alcohol) copolymers useful in the blends with other poly(vinyl alcohol) polymers are copolymers having a high level of acrylic ester comonomer. The blend sizes are useful in producing woven materials since they are excellent sizes, and are uniquely adaptable to caustic desizing.

Abstract: This invention provides an improved adhesive layer for multi-layer films and bottles, the adhesive layer being a graft copolymer of a polyolefin backbone with a methyl methacrylate graft. The graft copolymer sufficiently improves the compatibility between barrier resins and polyolefins to permit the production of monolithic or single layer bottles comprised of a blend of those three components. The resultant products have improved physical properties while retaining acceptable permeability to gases.

Abstract: A sealing composition for a container closure comprises a polymeric matrix material and its oxygen permeability is reduced by incorporating ethylene vinyl alcohol polymer into the composition. The composition can be in fluid or meltable form ready for application to a closure or it can be present as a deposit on the closure, for instance a gasket around the closure.

Abstract: Paintable thermoplastic polyolefin compositions are disclosed which comprise (i) 30 to about 70 wt % of at least one polypropylene or graft-modified polypropylene, (ii) 0 to about 40 wt % of at least one nongrafted or graft-modified substantially linear ethylene polymer, and (iii) 0 to about 50 wt % of an interpolymer of ethylene and an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carbonyl copolymer, e.g. a copolymer of ethylene and acrylic acid. The polypropylene and substantially linear ethylene polymer are grafted with an unsaturated organic compound containing at least on ethylenic unsaturation and at least one carbonyl group, e.g. maleic anhydride. The compositions exhibit excellent paintability with conventional paints without prior application of a primer or surface treatment, good heat resistance, and good low temperature impact resistance and they can be recycled by melt blending the compositions with thermoplastic materials, e.g., in an extruder.

Abstract: A tire cord made of a multifilament yarn of polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of polymerization of at least 1500, the yarn having a tensile strength of at least 10 g/d and an index of hot water resistance of at least 50.

Abstract: The laminar article of the invention comprises a mixture of a polyolefin matrix with a barrier resin of polyethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer and a compatibilizer selected from an ethylene-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer such as ethylene methacrylic acid or ethylene acrylic acid, ethylene vinyl acetate, polyethylene vinyl alcohol or mixtures thereof. A process is also claimed for preparing a laminar article with multiple thin, overlapping layers, comprising preparing a melted heterogeneous blend of a polyolefin, an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, and the above compatibilizer; extending the body of the melt; and cooling the extended body to below the melting point of the polyolefin.

Abstract: Polymer alloys that can facilely be shaped into gas barrier, crack-resistant packaging materials, e.g., by thermoforming, include an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer matrix, a polypropylene disperse phase and a phase-compatibilizing amount of an .alpha.-monoolefin graft copolymer.

Abstract: Semi-interpenetrating polymeric networks comprising a blend of hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymers wherein at least one of the polymeric components is crosslinked after blending to form a continuous network throughout the bulk of the material, and through which the uncrosslinked polymeric components are intertwined in such a way as to form a macroscopically homogeneous composition. The integrity of such networks persists even after absorption of solvent. These materials can be used to form durable, non-tacky, ink-absorbent, transparent coatings for graphical materials.

Abstract: Polymers containing a high percentage of vinyl alcohol units may be melt-blended with copolymers of alkyl(meth)acrylates and unsaturated organic acids. Flexible films are formed when one of the methacrylic monomers is a monoterminally (meth)acrylated oligomer or polymer of ethylene glycol or propylene glycol.