Abstract: A core-shell particle including a signal-generating substance therein, wherein the core-shell particle consists of (1) a core portion substantially made of a water-insoluble polymer compound; and (2) a shell portion substantially made of a water-soluble polymer compound having a reactive functional group, and covering a surface of the core portion in the manner of bristles of a brush; and the core portion and the shell portion are, as a whole, a block copolymer of a water-insoluble polymer and a water-soluble polymer, characterized in that the signal-generating substance is included in the core portion, is disclosed, and a process for producing the same is also disclosed. The core-shell particle including a signal-generating substance therein is useful as a labeling substance in which neither radioisotopes having handling restrictions nor unstable enzymes are required, a high sensitivity superior to fluorescent substances is achieved, and nonspecific absorption does not occur.

Abstract: An adhesive composition that includes a) an emulsion that includes a multi-stage polymer that includes a first stage polymer having a Tg from ?20° C. to 90° C. and including from about 0.5% by weight to about 3% by weight latent crosslinking monomer based on the first stage monomer weight, and a second stage polymer having a Tg from 40° C. to 140° C., the second stage polymer being different from the first stage polymer, b) formaldehyde-based crosslinking agent, and c) catalyst, the composition being capable of passing the DIN EN 204 Test Method.

Abstract: The present invention, a powder composition for making powder coatings comprising one or more than one curable polymer or resin and an agglomerate of a core-shell polymer, wherein the agglomerate of a core-shell polymer has an average particle size of from 5 to 190 microns, preferably from 10 to 127 microns. The powders in accordance with the present invention provide a cured powder coating that is flexible, smooth, and which may be applied in a thickness of only from 0.3 to 8 mils. In a preferred embodiment of making a powder in accordance with the present invention, the agglomerate is cryoground to form a reduced agglomerate prior to adding it into a powder as a post-blend or a powder-forming mixture as a preblend. The preferred core-shell polymer for use in accordance with the present invention comprises an acrylic impact modifier having a poly(methyl methacrylate) shell and a poly(butyl acrylate) core.

Abstract: Polymer particles are provided having (1) a core with a glass transition temperature within a range of ?50° to +110° C. and (2) a shell surrounding the core. The core comprises at least one layer, with the layer(s) comprising at least one polymerized hydrophobic monomer and, optionally, a first cross-linker. The shell comprises a copolymerized mixture of least one hydrophobic monomer and at least one hydrophilic monomer and a second cross-linker for increasing thermal shear stability by forming cross-linkages. Use of these polymer particles in aqueous-based ink-jet inks provide laser print quality without any secondary treatment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of preparing an impact-reinforcement agent for polyvinylchloride (PVC) resin having superior anti-stress whitening properties, and specifically to a method for preparing a graft copolymer of methyl-methacrylate-butadiene-styrene (MBS) comprising 3 steps of graft-copolymerizing monomers such as alkylmethacrylate, acrylate, and an ethylene-unsaturated aromatic compound to a rubber latex, in sequence.

Abstract: A hydrophilic or hydrophobic polyurethane having at least one olefinically unsaturated group selected from the group consisting of pendant olefinically unsaturated groups, terminal olefinically unsaturated groups, and mixtures thereo wherein the pendant olefinically unsaturated groups are sele consisting of pendant olefinically unsaturated groups which are attached to a cycloaliphatic group which represents a link in the polymer main chain and pendant olefinically unsaturated groups which are present as a double bond in a cycloolefinic group which constitutes a link in the polymer main chain, and the terminal olefinically unsaturated groups are selected from the group consisting of terminal olefinically unsaturated groups which are attached to a cycloaliphatic group which forms an endgroup of the polymer main chain and terminal olefinically unsaturated groups which are present as a double bond in a cycloolefinic structure which forms en endgroup of the polymer main chain.

Abstract: Acrylic polymer fine particles which comprise primary particles P of 250 nm or more in average particle diameter having a core shell structure and plastisols prepared using the same. In the fine particles, a core polymer C and a shell polymer S are copolymers of the following monomer mixtures Mc and Ms, respectively, and the weight ratio of Mc and Ms is 10/90-90/10: Mc: methyl methacrylate 20-85 mol % (meth)acrylic ester of C2-C8 aliphatic alcohol and/or aromatic alcohol 15-80 mol % other copolymerizable monomers not more than 30 mol %; , when the total amount of these monomers is 100 mol %; Ms: methyl methacrylate 20-79.5 mol % (meth)acrylic ester of C2-C8 aliphatic alcohol and/or aromatic alcohol 5-40 mol % a monomer containing carboxyl group or sulfonic acid group 0.5-10 mol % other copolymerizable monomers not more than 30 mol %.

Abstract: Water-based adhesive compositions are described that includes epoxy capsules and a polymeric amine that is water soluble or water dispersible. The epoxy capsules include an outer shell material and an epoxy resin encapsulated by the outer shell material. The polymeric amine functions as an epoxy curative and as a binder resin. The compositions are substantially free of other additional organic binders. The compositions are suitable for use as mechanical fastener adhesives.

Abstract: A cross-linkable fluoropolymer dispersion is described and involves a polymer product of at least one polymerizable acrylic and/or vinyl containing monomer and at least one hydrolytically stable silane containing monomer which are in the presence of an aqueous dispersion of at least one fluoropolymer. The present invention further relates to cross-linkable fluoropolymer blends wherein at least one polymer contains acrylic units, vinyl units, or both and at least one hydrolytically stable silane or silane containing group in the presence of at least one thermoplastic fluoropolymer. The silane or silane containing group can alternatively be present in the thermoplastic fluoropolymer. Methods of making the cross-linkable fluoropolymers are also described as well as products containing the cross-linkable fluoropolymer dispersions such as paints and coatings.

Abstract: Obtention of the amorphous polyester resin compositions having improved impact resistance, by using the core-shell impact resistance improving agents which comprises: (A) from 40 to 90 parts by weight of a core made of a butadiene-based copolymer; (B) from 5 to 40 parts by weight of an inner layer shell obtained by polymerizing a monomer mixture containing a (meth) acrylate monomer having hydroxyl or alkoxy group; and (C) from 5 to 20 parts by weight of an outer layer shell obtained by polymerizing a monomer mixture containing an aromatic vinyl monomer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a thermosetting composition which is excellent especially in storage stability and solid physical properties and can be used as automotive body sealers or undercoats. The thermosetting composition according to the present invention comprises an acrylic plastisol consisting of a plasticizer having acrylic resin particles having a gradient-type structure in which the monomer unit proportion changes from the core to the shell multistep-wise or continuously and a filler dispersed therein and therewith formulated, as a thermosetting material, a blocked urethane prepolymer or blocked polyisocyanate compound and a latent curing agent therefor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to preparation of fluorinated core-shell particles with water and oil repellency, and more particularly, to preparation of emulsion-type coating material with good water and oil repellency using only small amount of expensive fluorinated monomers, which comprise a shell wherein a large amount of hydrophobic fluorinated monomers are included and a core wherein no fluorinated monomers are included.

Abstract: Compositions containing core-shell particles having a core polytetrafluoroethylene-based polymers (PTFE) and shell styrene-based polymers (PS), wherein the particles contain an amount by weight of PTFE from 3 to 50%, preferably from 5 to 30% by weight, wherein the core PTFE particles have an average diameter from 5 to 100 nm, preferably from 10 to 70 nm, the core-shell particles having an average diameter from 10 to 170 nm, preferably from 20 to 100 nm.

Abstract: A core-shell particle for use as filler in rubber compositions. In one embodiment, the particle comprises a crosslinked core having repeat aromatic vinyl units. During an emulsion polymerization, a crosslinked shell comprising of conjugated diene units is grafted onto the core through residual vinyl units. The polymeric shell provides for better interaction and dispersion of the styrene core in an otherwise immiscible polymer matrix, particularly diene-based polymers. In another embodiment, the core has repeat units of (i) about 0% to about 25% by weight of a conjugated diene unit, (ii) about 70% to about 85% by weight of an aromatic vinyl unit, and (iii) about 15% to about 30% by weight of a crosslinking monomer unit.

Abstract: Polymer obtainable by a multistage polymerization process which involves conducting, in a first step, an aqueous-phase polymerization of at least one ethylenically monofunctional compound alone or together with at least one ethylenically difunctional or poly-functional compound together in the presence of a polyesterpolyol, polyurethane and/or polyacrylate; and, in a subsequent step, a reaction of the resulting product with at least one ethylenically monofunctional compound alone or together with at least one ethylenically difunctional or polyfunctional compound; followed by a reaction of the resulting product with a crosslinker; and its use.

Abstract: This invention concerns cationic core-shell particles having a polymeric core component and a polymeric shell component disposed generally about said core, wherein said shell contains a stabilizer that is covalently bonded to the polymeric shell component. More particularly, the invention concerns the use of these core-shell particles in formulating ink jet receptive coatings.

Abstract: Aqueous based emulsion copolymers containing vinyl ethylene carbonate, vinyl acetate, and one or more other ethylenically unsaturated monomers, and aqueous based poly(vinyl alcohol)-containing emulsion copolymers formed by emulsion copolymerization of vinyl ethylene carbonate, vinyl acetate, and optionally one or more other ethylenically unsaturated monomer, in the presence of poly(vinyl alcohol). These emulsion copolymers can be used in a variety of applications such as adhesives and coatings.

Abstract: Porous films are provided which include a blend of a film forming polymer and a non-film forming material, the film having a network of pores or channels throughout the film. The porous polymer films are formed between 0° and 80° C. retain porosity at elevated temperatures and are non-friable. A process for preparing porous polymer films and their applications are disclosed.

Abstract: Anionic electrodeposition coating compositions for forming matte films containing acrylic resin; alkoxysilyl group containing emulsified polymer produced by a multiple stage emulsion polymerization of unsaturated monomer in the presence of water and a emulsifier, wherein the unsaturated monomer containing alkoxysilyl group-containing unsaturated monomer is present in an amount of 5 to 40% by weight based on a total amount of all the unsaturated monomers used in the multiple stage emulsion polymerization; and crosslinking agent.

Abstract: Core/shell particles having a core of a porous polymer and a shell of an inorganic colloid, the inorganic colloid having a median diameter of less than about 0.07 &mgr;m, and the core/shell particles having a median diameter of less than about 50 &mgr;m.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing caoutchouc particles (K) by means of emulsion polymerisation in the presence of an emulsifier and a polymerisation initiator. Said particles contain A) 80 to 100 wt. % of one or more conjugated diene monomers (A) in relation to (K) and B) 0 to 20 wt. % of one or more monoethylenically unsaturated comonomers (B) in relation to (K) in the polymerised form. The inventive method is characterised in that 1) a mixture (M1) containing water and an emulsifier is provided, 2) a mixture (M2) containing one or more monomers in the monomer or polymerised form selected from styrole, &agr;-methylstyrole, butadiene, n-butylacrylate, MMA and acrylnitrile and optionally comonomers is added, 3) polymerisation of the obtained mixture starts in the presence of a polymerisation initiator at temperature of 5 to 95° C., 4) a mixture (M3) containing 0 to 100 wt. % of the comonomers (B) in relation to (B) and 0 to 25 wt.

Abstract: Disclosed are a plurality of particles having a narrow particle size distribution, a processes for forming the same, and films containing the same. The plurality of particles, includes one or more discrete polymer shells, wherein at least one of the polymer shells is crosslinked with at least one monomer containing two or more double bonds polymerizable by free radical means; and a core material encased in the polymer shells, wherein the plurality of particles have a polydispersity of from 1.3 to 1.0.

Abstract: The invention relates to transparent, impact-resistant thermoplastic molding materials containing A) a matrix consisting of at least two different mixture components, B) an impact-resistance modifier, C) an additive, essentially consisting of c1) at least one 2,6-disubstituted phenol, and c21) at least one organic phosphite of general formula (I) P(OR1)n(OAr)3−n, c22 at least one organic phosphite of general formula (IIa) and/or (IIb), or c23) a mixture of compounds in accordance with c21) and c22).

Abstract: A latex composition for hair care containing a spray-dried hybrid-graft copolymer of a sulfopolyester and an acid-functional polymer segment. The acid-functional polymer segment is formed from at least one acid-functional monomer, at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer, and at least one amide-containing monomer. Such compositions exhibit superior curl retention even at high humidity.

Abstract: A plastics material comprises an acrylic polymer containing 5-50% of a rubbery copolymer and a biocidal compound. The plastic material is useful as a component of a refrigerator, worktop etc. or as a building material. The material may be used as a coating for a substrate. Method of manufacturing laminate materials comprising the plastics material are also claimed.

Abstract: A polyurethane comprising lateral and/or terminal ethenylarylene groups produced by reacting a polyurethane prepolymer containing free isocyanate groups with an adduct obtained by reacting an ethenylarylene monoisocyanate with a polyol, polyamine, and/or a compound containing hydroxyl and amino groups in a molar ratio of 1:1. Also, a graft copolymer comprising a hydrophobic core comprising at least one monomer and a hydrophilic shell comprising the polyurethane, or a hydrophobic core comprising the polyurethane and a hydrophilic shell that comprises at least one monomer. Also, a graft copolymer comprising a hydrophobic core comprising at least one monomer and a hydrophilic shell comprising a polyurethane produced by dispersing at least one hydrophilic olefinic unsaturated polyurethane comprising lateral, and optionally terminal, ethenylarylene groups in an aqueous medium and copolymerizing at least one hydrophobic monomer in the polyurethane in emulsion.

Abstract: The plastics additives powder compositions of the present invention are provided as powder particles having impact modifier particles and processing aid particles which are coagulated and dried. When blended in thermoplastic resins, such as PVC, the subject plastics additives powders both increase the impact strength and improve process efficiency and melt strength. The impact and processing properties achieved by the present invention are more efficient than using separate impact modifier and processing aid powders. The method of preparing the powder compositions of the present invention also enable impact modifier particles having rubber weight fractions greater than 88% to be isolated as free-flowing powders.

Abstract: A storage stable monomer/polymer composition comprises a component A and a component B. Component A comprises an emulsion polymer formed by the polymerization of 1-99% by weight of a C1-C10 alkyl acrylate, 99-1% by weight of C1-C10 alkyl methacrylate, and 0-0.5% by weight of a first graft component, which is then swollen by a mixture of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer and a polymerization initiator. Component B also comprises an emulsion polymer formed by the polymerization of 1-99% by weight of C1-C10 alkyl acrylate, 99-1% by weight of C1-C10 alkyl methacrylate, and 0-0.5% by weight of a second graft component, swollen with at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer and a polymerization activator. Curing of the monomer/polymer composition begins only after the water has evaporated from the dispersion. The aqueous monomer/polymer compositions are used as binders for road marking paints, floor coating compositions, coating materials and sealing compositions.

Abstract: Polymer alloy comprising a) one or more cycloolefin copolymers and b) one or more types of core/shell particles.

Abstract: This invention concerns cationic core-shell particles having a polymeric core component and a polymeric shell component disposed generally about said core, wherein said shell contains a stabilizer that is covalently bonded to the polymeric shell component. More particularly, the invention concerns the use of these core-shell particles in formulating ink jet receptive coatings.

Abstract: A composite powder prepared by coating a ramentaceous substrate with at least two color layers. A difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the ab hue angle hab (hmax−hmin) as defined in the recommendation on uniform color space by CIE is in the range from 10° to 180°. A ratio of the maximum value vs the minimum value of the brightness L* as defined in the recommendation is in the range from 1.0 to 2.0. According to the viewing angle, the color tone of the composite powder changes.

Abstract: Aqueous emulsions of amine functionalized organopolysiloxane particles useful in personal care applications and methods for making are described. Useful compositions can be made by contacting at elevated temperatures, aqueous emulsions of organopolysiloxane particles having a volume average particle diameter in a range between about 300 nanometers and about 1 micron with an amine functionalized organosilicon source material, such as an aminoorganopolyalkoxysilane or an aminoorganopoly(diorganosiloxane) fluid.

Abstract: An aromatic carbonate polymer composition having improved thermal stability consisting of an aromatic carbonate polymer such as a polycarbonate or polycarbonate/polyester blend and an impact modifier which is free of alkali materials which catalytically degrade a polycarbonate. Also an impact modifier which is preferably of a shell-core structure prepared by the emulsion polymerization process and has a pH of about 3 to about 8. A preferred emulsifier is an alkyl sulfonate having an alkyl group of C6-C18 carbons.

Abstract: This invention concerns cationic core-shell particles having an acid-insoluble polymeric core and an acid-swellable polymeric shell component disposed generally about said core so that upon neutralizing said shell with acid, a portion of said shell remains attached or associated with said core. This invention further concerns polymer latex compositions wherein said polymeric shell component has been neutralized and substantially, but not totally, dissolved so as to form a blend of neutralized core-shell polymer and an aqueous solution of neutralized shell polymer. More particularly, the invention concerns the use of latex compositions produced from these cationic core-shell particles to formulate ink jet receptive coatings.

Abstract: This invention concerns cationic core-shell particles having an acid-insoluble polymeric core component and an acid-swellable polymeric shell component disposed generally about said core so that upon neutralizing said shell with acid, a portion of said shell remains attached or associated with said core; and wherein said shell contains a stabilizer that is covalently bonded to the polymeric shell component. This invention further concerns polymer latex compositions wherein said polymeric shell component has been neutralized and substantially, but not totally, dissolved so as to form a blend of neutralized core-shell polymer and an aqueous solution of neutralized shell polymer. More particularly, the invention concerns the use of latex compositions produced from these cationic core-shell particles to formulate ink jet receptive coatings.

Abstract: Aqueous self-crosslinking copolymer dispersions ABC obtainable by free-radically initiated copolymerization in the first stage of a monomer mixture A comprising olefinically unsaturated monomers A1 having carbonyl groups, unsaturated carboxylic acids or monoesters of unsaturated dicarboxylic acids A2, monomers A3 selected from vinylaromatic compounds, n-butyl methacrylate and also alkyl esters of unsaturated carboxylic acids or dialkyl esters of unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, esters A4 selected from alkyl esters of unsaturated carboxylic acids of dialkyl esters of unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, and other free-radically polymerizable monomers A5, and subsequent addition of a second monomer mixture B and further polymerization in the second stage, the mixture B comprising olefinically unsaturated monomers B1 corresponding to A1, esters B2 corresponding to A4, and monomers B3 corresponding to A5, and subsequently adding compounds C having hydrazine or hydrazide groups.

Abstract: A method of preparing rubber substrate is provided. In the method, 50 to 95 parts by weight of conjugated diene monomer is first-polymerized, until the resulting first rubber substrate has gel content of 5 to 70 wt %. Thereafter, the first rubber substrate is second-polymerized with 5 to 50 parts by weight to obtain a second rubber substrate. The obtained second rubber substrate has higher gel content in core than outer layer.

Abstract: A cement composition comprising a polymeric latex prepared by aqueous emulsion polymerization of a monomeric mixture comprising styrene and butadiene in the presence of a seed polymer prepared by aqueous emulsion polymerization of styrene and a salt of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid.

Abstract: Structures for transport and containment of hydrocarbon fluids for motorized transportation vehicles are made from a blend of polar-grafted fluoropolymer dispersed in a matrix of polar polymer. The blend can be in a component element of a composite structure.

Abstract: A thermoplastic molding composition which features improved surface appearance is disclosed. The composition contains a blend of (A) a grafted rubber comprising a crosslinked rubber substrate which contains a styrenic core and an acrylate rubber shell, to which grafted is a grafted phase, and (B) a copolymeric matrix containing a copolymer such as styrene/acrylonitrile, and (C) an aromatic (co)polycarbonate resin. The composition is useful in the preparation of molded articles which are characterized in having low haze, high gloss and the absence of corona defect.

Abstract: Aqueous self-crosslinking copolymer dispersions ABC obtainable by free-radically initiated copolymerization in the first stage of a monomer mixture A comprising olefinically unsaturated monomers A1 having carbonyl groups, unsaturated carboxylic acids or monoesters of unsaturated dicarboxylic acids A2, monomers A3 selected from vinylaromatic compounds, n-butyl methacrylate and also alkyl esters of unsaturated carboxylic acids or dialkyl esters of unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, esters A4 selected from alkyl esters of unsaturated carboxylic acids of dialkyl esters of unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, and other free-radically polymerizable monomers A5, and subsequent addition of a second monomer mixture B and further polymerization in the second stage, the mixture B comprising olefinically unsaturated monomers B1 corresponding to A1, esters B2 corresponding to A4, and monomers B3 corresponding to A5, and subsequently adding compounds C having hydrazine or hydrazide groups.

Abstract: To provide a thermoplastic polyester resin composition which has a very good durability to alkaline solutions for a long period of time. That is, a thermoplastic polyester resin composition, wherein a thermoplastic polyester resin (A) is compounded with 1-25% by weight (in the total composition) of impact resistance rendering materials (B), 0.1-15% by weight (in the total composition) of a silicone compound and/or a fluorine compound (C), 1-50% by weight (in the total composition) of an inorganic filler (D), and 0.1-10% by weight of at least one polyfunctional compound (E) selected from the group consisting of an epoxy compound, an isocyanate compound and a carboxylic acid dianhydride. A molded article of the present invention has anti-stress properties even in a weld part thereof.

Abstract: TADDOL dendrimers are described. Their use as crosslinkers in polymerisation reactions and the use of Ti salts of polymer-bound TADDOL dendrimers as catalysts in enantioselective addition reactions is disclosed.

Abstract: A latex as a binder for nonwoven applications to form a permeable sublayer of personal hygiene articles. The latex is prepared by a process including the steps of (1) polymerizing a monomer mixture comprising styrene, itaconic acid, surfactant and water soluble free radical initiator to form a seed; (2) sequentially adding equal increments of a monomer mixture of styrene, butadiene and acrylic acid to the seed under emulsion polymerization conditions to form a styrene-butadiene-acrylic acid copolymer; and then (3) neutralizing the styrene-butadiene-acrylic acid copolymer to a pH of about 4.5 to 7 to form the latex.

Abstract: A process for preparing aqueous polymer dispersions comprises first of all subjecting ethylenically unsaturated monomers to free-radical aqueous emulsion polymerization to prepare an aqueous dispersion of a polymer 1 having a glass transition temperature Tg1, then dissolving further, comparatively hard monomers in the dispersed particles of the polymer 1, and subsequently carrying out free-radical polymerization of said monomers dissolved in said particles.

Abstract: An aqueous coating composition comprising a mixture of 90 to 99 wt. % of a filmforming binder composition comprising an alkali non-swellable core-shell addition polymer dispersion (I), and 1-10 wt. % of a rheology modifying addition polymer dispersion (II). It is required that the total amount of (meth)acrylic acid in 100 parts of the total addition polymer (I) is less than 1.75 wt. %. The aqueous coating composition of the present invention can be advantageously used as a base coat in a base coat/clear coat system. This use shows a decrease in strike-in effect compared to previous known base coat/clear coat systems.

Abstract: A polymeric latex prepared by aqueous emulsion polymerization of a monomeric mixture comprising styrene and butadiene in the presence of a seed polymer prepared by aqueous emulsion polymerization of styrene and a salt of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid.

Abstract: Particles have a hydrophilic core, for instance including an enzyme and a polymer, surrounded by a shell formed by interfacial condensation polymerisation in the presence of a polymeric stabilizer. Preferably the polymeric stabilizer is a random copolymer which will concentrate at the interface between oil and water and association by ionic interaction, condensation or otherwise is achieved between the stabilizer and one of the reactants before reaction with the other reactant. Dispersions of aqueous capsules in an aqueous medium are also disclosed.

Abstract: The plastics additives powder compositions of the present invention are provided as powder particles having impact modifier particles and processing aid particles which are coagulated and dried. When blended in thermoplastic resins, such as PVC, the subject plastics additives powders both increase the impact strength and improve process efficiency and melt strength. The impact and processing properties achieved by the present invention are more efficient than using separate impact modifier and processing aid powders. The method of preparing the powder compositions of the present invention also enable impact modifier particles having rubber weight fractions greater than 88% to be isolated as free-flowing powders.

Abstract: A latex as a binder for nonwoven applications to form a permeable sublayer of personal hygiene articles. The latex is prepared by a process including the steps of (1) polymerizing a monomer mixture comprising styrene, itaconic acid, surfactant and water soluble free radical initiator to form a seed; (2) sequentially adding equal increments of a monomer mixture of styrene, butadiene and acrylic acid to the seed under emulsion polymerization conditions to form a styrene-butadiene-acrylic acid copolymer; and then (3) neutralizing the styrene-butadiene-acrylic acid copolymer to a pH of about 4.5 to 7 to form the latex.