Material Contains Previously Formed Normally Solid Polymer Which Is Distinct From Polymer To Be Formed And Is A Polymer Formed From At Least One Ethylenic Monomer Patents (Class 526/201)
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Patent number: 4358546Abstract: A porous cross-linked copolymer of chloromethylstyrene and divinylbenzene having a divinylbenzene unit represented by Xm of from about 9.0 percent by mole to about 17.0 percent by mole based on the total moles of monomer units; a content of active chlorine atom of from about 5.25-0.08 Xm mmole/g-dry resin to about 6.43-0.10 Xm mmole/g-dry resin; a water regain of from about 0.10 ml/g-dry resin to about 1.20 ml/g-dry resin; and a total volume of micro pores having a diameter of from about 500 angstroms to about 3000 angstroms of from 0.10 ml/g-dry resin to about 1.20 ml/g-dry resin; and a porous iminodiacetic acid type chelating resin having a Xm of from about 9.0 percent by mole to about 17.0 percent by mole based on the total moles of all monomer units; an ion exchange capacity of from about 5.35-12.0 Xm/(205.6-1.30 Xm) meq/g-dry resin to about 7.93-18.1 Xm/(247.1-2.0 Xm) meq/g-dry resin; a water regain of from about 0.60 ml/g-dry resin to about 2.Type: GrantFiled: January 28, 1980Date of Patent: November 9, 1982Assignee: Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Yamaguchi Naomi, Noguchi Kohji, Tsuzura Kazuo
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Patent number: 4357269Abstract: A molding compound is disclosed comprising a diallyl phthalate compound and capsules of water.Type: GrantFiled: March 9, 1981Date of Patent: November 2, 1982Assignee: Rogers CorporationInventors: Vincent R. Landi, Jeffrey L. Dalton
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Patent number: 4357449Abstract: At least one cycloolefin monomer containing the norbornene group is polymerized by ring opening polymerization in a hydrocarbon diluent selected from C.sub.4 to C.sub.6 alkanes and isooctane that is a solvent for the monomer(s) but a nonsolvent for the resulting polymer, in the presence of a dispersant selected from terpolymers of ethylene, propylene, and dicyclopentadiene, copolymers of styrene and butadiene, and homopolymers of butadiene, whereby a dispersion of polymer particles in the diluent is produced having a particle size that is substantially smaller than polymer particles prepared in absence of the dispersant, which polymer particles, in the preferred embodiment, do not settle out almost immediately after stopping agitation and result in a much cleaner reactor than in slurry polymerization systems where dispersants are not used.Type: GrantFiled: November 16, 1981Date of Patent: November 2, 1982Assignee: The B. F. Goodrich CompanyInventor: Kong S. Yi
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Patent number: 4352916Abstract: Use of hydrophobically modified nonionic cellulose ethers or ethylene oxide copolymers leads to improved particle size and less latex formation in suspension polymerization processes. Cellulose ethers are modified with a small amount of long chain (C.sub.6 -C.sub.25) alkyl radical. Ethylene oxide copolymer is ethylene oxide copolymerized with C.sub.6 to C.sub.24 epoxide.Type: GrantFiled: July 17, 1981Date of Patent: October 5, 1982Assignee: Hercules IncorporatedInventor: Leo M. Landoll
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Patent number: 4345056Abstract: An improvement in the process of producing polyvinyl chloride by the suspension process in the presence of protective colloids by utilizing a protective colloid mixture of from 20% to 80% of the protective colloid mixture of a polyvinyl acetate having a hydrolysis degree of 40 to 55 mol % and the remainder of the protective colloid mixture of (1) a water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol having a hydrolysis degree of 70 to 90 mol %, or (2) an aminoethyl-hydroxypropyl cellulose having a molar substitution of from 0.05 to 1.5 mols of aminoethyl groups and 3 to 5 mols of hydroxypropyl groups, or (3) a vinyl acetate/vinyl pyrrolidone copolymer having a ratio of vinyl pyrrolidone to vinyl acetate in the copolymer of 50% to 70% by weight to 30% to 50% by weight and a K-value of 25 to 40. By the use of this protective colloid mixture, the polyvinyl chloride produced exhibits a large absorption of plasticizer and gives finished products having a low number of specks.Type: GrantFiled: November 13, 1978Date of Patent: August 17, 1982Assignee: Wacker-Chemie GmbHInventors: Helmut E. Thyret, Thomas Balwe, Gerhard Beier, Johann Bauer
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Patent number: 4334049Abstract: Finely-divided polymeric solids are prepared by free-radical polymerization on ethylenically unsaturated monomer or monomers in an organic solvent employing an alkylene oxide adduct of a styrene-allyl alcohol copolymer stabilizer.Type: GrantFiled: August 18, 1980Date of Patent: June 8, 1982Assignee: BASF Wyandotte CorporationInventors: Gerhard G. Ramlow, Duane A. Heyman, Richard A. Moore
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Patent number: 4331788Abstract: A process for the preparation of homo- and co-polymers of vinyl chloride by polymerization in seeded microsuspension, which comprises effecting polymerization in the presence of one or more seeding products in the form of dispersions of particles of polymers, the particles of at least one of the seeding products containing the initiator required for polymerization and said initiator being activated by an organosoluble metal complex and nitric acid.Type: GrantFiled: August 15, 1980Date of Patent: May 25, 1982Assignee: Chloe ChimieInventors: Claude Arnal, Nicolas Fischer, Jean-Bernard Pompon
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Patent number: 4330653Abstract: A process for the polymerization of vinyl chloride in an aqueous phase in the presence of oil-soluble free-radical initiators and a mixture of at least two high-molecular, surface-active suspending agents is described. This mixture is composed of 10 to 90% by weight (relative to the mixture) of at least one copolymer formed from vinyl acetate and a compound of the formulaR.sub.1 --CO--NR.sub.2 --CH.dbd.CH.sub.2wherein R.sub.1 is H or alkyl having 1 to 4 C atoms and R.sub.2 is H or methyl, and of 90 to 10% by weight (relative to the mixture) of at least one cellulose ether or a partially acetylated polyvinyl alcohol. Homopolymers, copolymers or graft copolymers of vinyl chloride which have an improved combination of properties are obtained.Type: GrantFiled: January 26, 1981Date of Patent: May 18, 1982Assignee: Hoechst AktiengesellschaftInventors: Heinz Klippert, Dieter Ulmschneider
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Patent number: 4328149Abstract: Polymerization method utilizing a three-phase system: water-in-oil-in-water or oil-in-water-in-oil comprising the steps (a) adding the monomer material to be polymerized into the innermost water or oil phase; (b) adding, with mechanical agitation, the product of Step a to the middle oil or water phase, said phase containing appropriate surfactant, whereby an emulsion is formed; (c) adding, with mechanical agitation, the emulsion product of Step b to the outermost water or oil phase, said phase containing appropriate surfactant, wherein polymerization proceeds in the innermost water or oil phase until complete.Type: GrantFiled: December 29, 1980Date of Patent: May 4, 1982Assignee: Calgon CorporationInventors: Lewis D. Morse, Kenneth W. Dixon
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Patent number: 4309331Abstract: Thermally coalescible acrylic resin dispersions comprising particles of single-phase, surfactant-free, random acrylic polymers or copolymers, containing at least 80% by weight of acrylic units, dispersed in a surfactant-free medium that comprises a compatible liquid plasticizer that is nonvolatile at room temperature and is not a monomer of any of the polymeric components. Incorporation of a photopolymerizable, ethylenically unsaturated compound provides photosensitive dispersions useful for making relief and planographic printing plates, photoresists, and the like.Type: GrantFiled: October 18, 1978Date of Patent: January 5, 1982Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventor: Boynton Graham
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Patent number: 4294740Abstract: A process for preparing a substantially lump free acrylic resin emulsion by emulsion polymerization of one or more acrylic monomers in water in the presence or absence of an emulsifier or a dispersing agent, wherein the polymerization is carried out in the presence a water-insoluble resin which is immiscible with the acrylic resin in the emulsion and has a softening or melting point of 20.degree. C. or higher.Type: GrantFiled: April 23, 1980Date of Patent: October 13, 1981Assignee: Nippon Paint Co., Ltd.Inventors: Ryuzo Mizuguchi, Shinichi Ishikura, Keizou Ishii, Tamotu Yoshioka
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Patent number: 4290930Abstract: In the manufacture of plastics dispersions on the basis of vinyl polymers water-soluble salts of polybasic phosphonic acid derivatives, especially alkane-phosphonic acids and phosphonomethyl amines are used as dispersing auxiliaries. The dispersions obtained are suitable as coating agents and for impregnating, coating or glueing solid materials.Type: GrantFiled: March 8, 1979Date of Patent: September 22, 1981Assignee: Hoechst AktiengesellschaftInventor: Ernst Nolken
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Patent number: 4282340Abstract: There is disclosed a process for the aqueous polymerization of acrylamide to produce polymers of high molecular weight utilizing mixtures of water and monomer, at least one of which can be contaminated with small amounts of polymerization inhibiting components. In the process of the invention, a minimum amount of a redox pair catalyst is utilized in order to obtain the desired high molecular weight polymer. The minimum amount of catalyst is automatically provided to the polymerization mixture by adding a first member of a redox pair to the polymerization mixture and intimately combining a second member of the redox pair catalyst with an organic polymer capable of forming a colloidal dispersion in an aqueous medium and adding this intimate mixture to the mixture of water, acrylamide monomer, and a first member of the redox pair catalyst.Type: GrantFiled: January 11, 1980Date of Patent: August 4, 1981Assignee: BASF Wyandotte CorporationInventors: Michael J. Anchor, Robert Login
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Patent number: 4271281Abstract: Styrenic polymer particles having a uniform particle size distribution are prepared without the formation of fine polymer powders. The suspension polymerization process which comprises providing a stirred, aqueous suspension of polymeric seed particles, adding gradually to the suspension styrenic monomer and polymerizing it therein, and continuing the addition of monomer as the polymerization proceeds, may be improved by introducing the styrenic monomer below the surface of the suspension.Type: GrantFiled: May 29, 1980Date of Patent: June 2, 1981Assignee: American Hoechst CorporationInventors: Donald J. Kelley, David J. Williams, Stephen V. Slovenkai
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Patent number: 4269959Abstract: An improved imbibitive polymer is prepared by a method which comprises linearly polymerizing methyl acrylate with a free radical-yielding catalyst while the acrylate is suspended in an aqueous medium containing selected suspending agent and while cross-linking the acrylate to a low level with selected cross-linking agent in a concentration of about 0.02-3%, by weight of the acrylate. The aqueous medium is heated and agitated during the reaction to keep the acrylate in fine suspension so that polymethyl acrylate beads are formed which do not agglomerate and which are capable of imbibing liquids having solubility parameters of about 8.5-11.5 Hildebrands. The catalyst concentration is usually about 1%, by weight of the methyl acrylate, and benzoyl peroxide and azo-bis-isobutyronitrile are preferred as the catalyst. The cross-linking agent is preferably divinyl benzene, 1,6-hexane-diol acrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate and mixtures thereof, and is preferably used in a concentration of about 0.11-0.Type: GrantFiled: October 22, 1979Date of Patent: May 26, 1981Assignee: Whittaker CorporationInventor: Emil A. Lawton
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Patent number: 4255545Abstract: Discrete particles of sodium polyacrylate of high molecular weight and in which the majority of the particle size is in the range of not less than 0.5 mm. nor more than 1.0 mm. diameter are achieved, in an economy of production, by suspension polymerization in stages of 40.degree. C. (2 hours), 50.degree. C. (2 hours) and 60.degree. C. (2 hours) in the presence of a protective colloid.Type: GrantFiled: January 7, 1980Date of Patent: March 10, 1981Assignee: Nalco Chemical CompanyInventors: John R. Hurlock, Louis A. Goretta
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Patent number: 4250289Abstract: A process for the preparation of copolymers of maleic anhydride and relatively long-chain alkenes by suspension polymerization of these monomers in the presence of a free radical initiator and a dispersant at an elevated temperature, in excess alkene as the suspension medium, wherein a poly(alkyl vinyl ether) is used as the dispersant.Type: GrantFiled: September 10, 1979Date of Patent: February 10, 1981Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Walter Denzinger, Claus Cordes
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Patent number: 4247434Abstract: Monodisperse latexes having a particle size in the range of 2 to 40 microns are prepared by seeded emulsion polymerization in microgravity. A reaction mixture containing smaller monodisperse latex seed particles, predetermined amounts of monomer, emulsifier, initiator, inhibitor and water is placed in a microgravity environment, and polymerization is initiated by heating. The reaction is allowed to continue until the seed particles grow to a predetermined size, and the resulting enlarged particles are then recovered. A plurality of particle-growing steps can be used to reach larger sizes within the stated range, with enlarged particles from the previous steps being used as seed particles for the succeeding steps. Microgravity enables preparation of particles in the stated size range by avoiding gravity-related problems of creaming and settling, and flocculation induced by mechanical shear that have precluded their preparation in a normal gravity environment.Type: GrantFiled: December 29, 1978Date of Patent: January 27, 1981Inventors: Alan M. Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, with respect to an invention of Lovelace, John W. Vanderhoff, Fortunato J. Micale, Mohamed S. El-Aasser, Dale M. Kornfeld
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Patent number: 4241191Abstract: Styrene polymers are prepared by suspension polymerization using, as suspension stabilizers, mixtures of(A) a sparingly soluble inorganic metal compound and(B) a fine polymer dispersion.The styrene polymers may be used, together with blowing agents, for the manufacture of foams.Type: GrantFiled: November 24, 1978Date of Patent: December 23, 1980Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Hans G. Keppler, Erhard Stahnecker, Rolf Moeller
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Patent number: 4238569Abstract: This invention relates to a method for preparing globular, hydrophilic copolymers which have reticulated internal structures and are suitable for gas and gel chromatography. The method comprises polymerization by suspension polymerization methods of hydrophilic and hydrophilic monomers in aqueous medium in the presence of a component which prevents transfer of the hydrophilic monomer into the aqueous medium and the solubility of the aqueous medium in the monomeric phase.Type: GrantFiled: November 24, 1978Date of Patent: December 9, 1980Assignee: Ceskoslovenska akademie vedInventors: Drahoslav Lim, Jiri Coupek, Miroslava Krivakova, Svatopluk Pokorny
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Patent number: 4237255Abstract: In the aqueous suspension polymerization of p-methylstyrene, in which a difficultly soluble phosphate is used as a suspension stabilizer, the improvement which comprises adding to the aqueous suspension, as an extender, sulfonated poly(p-methylstyrene).Type: GrantFiled: December 31, 1979Date of Patent: December 2, 1980Assignee: Mobil Oil CorporationInventor: James G. Murray
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Patent number: 4229547Abstract: This invention relates to a new and improved quiescent polymerization process which produces spherical beads of polymer having excellent porosity and unusually high bulk density. The process comprises polymerizing discrete droplets of liquid monomer containing a monomer-soluble free radical type catalyst while suspended in an aqueous mucilage having plastic flow properties and in the presence of a nonionic surfactant having the proper Hydrophile-Lipophile Balance (HLB), such as, for example, sorbitan monooleate. The porous bead polymers have the advantage of providing for lower cost bulk shipping, better extrusion feed, and for easy monomer stripping.Type: GrantFiled: March 19, 1979Date of Patent: October 21, 1980Assignee: The B. F. Goodrich CompanyInventors: Louis Cohen, Pijus K. Basu
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Patent number: 4228264Abstract: A method of suspension polymerization is carried out by dispersing vinyl chloride in an aqueous medium in the presence of an oil soluble catalyst for polymerization and a polymerization improver having units ##STR1## wherein M represents hydrogen atom or an alkali metal; R represents --H, --CH.sub.3, --C.sub.2 H.sub.5, --C.sub.3 H.sub.7 or --C.sub.4 H.sub.9 and n represents an integer of 10 to 1500.Type: GrantFiled: March 27, 1978Date of Patent: October 14, 1980Assignee: Nissan Chemical Industries, LimitedInventors: Akira Yamamoto, Masaru Iida, Satoru Miyake, Hideo Yamaura, Takeshi Inoue
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Patent number: 4212782Abstract: Disclosed are solid, readily water-soluble addition polymers of acid addition salts of methacrylic acid and a 2-mono(lower)alkylaminoethyl methacrylate, whose lower alkyl group has up to 6 carbons and is straight or branched chain or cyclic. These polymers are insoluble in pentane, hexane and butane below their boiling points, and their aqueous solutions show amphoteric activity. These polymers result from polymerizing the starting monomeric acid addition salt of methacrylic acid and a 2-mono(lower)alkylaminoethyl methacrylate in the ratio of from about one mol to about 1.5 mols of one of them per mol of the other. Also disclosed is the method of producing these addition polymers by heating the starting acid addition salt under pressure in a low boiling aliphatic solvent at a temperature above its boiling point, from which after lowering the temperature the resulting addition polymer readily is separated as a light weight finely divided product.Type: GrantFiled: May 8, 1978Date of Patent: July 15, 1980Assignee: Normac, Inc.Inventor: Max Klein
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Patent number: 4189559Abstract: Production of polymers in bead form by forming a water-in-oil suspension of an aqueous solution containing at least one water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer in an inert hydrophobic liquid organic dispersion medium and polymerizing the suspended monomer in the presence of a polymerization initiator and a protective colloid obtained by reacting an oily or resinous polymer of an olefin and/or diolefin, said polymer containing hydrogen atoms in the allyl position, with 2 to 30% by weight, based on the oil and/or resin, of maleic anhydride.Type: GrantFiled: July 20, 1977Date of Patent: February 19, 1980Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Uwe Bueltjer, Dietmar Jung, Hans-Uwe Schenck, Herbert Spoor
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Patent number: 4184020Abstract: This invention relates to a method for preparing globular, hydrophilic copolymers which have reticulated internal structures and are suitable for gas and gel chromatography. The method comprises polymerization by suspension polymerization methods of hydrophilic and hydrophilic monomers in aqueous medium in the presence of a component which prevents transfer of the hydrophilic monomer into the aqueous medium and the solubility of the aqueous medium in the monomeric phase.Type: GrantFiled: August 19, 1977Date of Patent: January 15, 1980Assignee: Ceskoslovenska akademie vedInventors: Drahoslav Lim, Jiri Coupek, Miroslava Krivakova, Svatopluk Pokorny
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Patent number: 4182810Abstract: An olefin or mixture of olefins is polymerized in a hydrocarbon diluent in a turbulent reaction zone to produce particles of polymer which are substantially insoluble in the diluent (particle form process). Fouling of the reactor by adherence of polymer particles to the walls of the reactor is reduced by adding to the reaction medium a composition which comprises a mixture of (a) a polysulfone copolymer, (b) a polymeric polyamine, and (c) an oil-soluble sulfonic acid.Type: GrantFiled: April 21, 1978Date of Patent: January 8, 1980Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventor: Kenneth W. Willcox
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Patent number: 4180619Abstract: Crosslinked acrylic polymer microparticles having a particle size of from 0.1 to 10 microns are produced in relatively high concentrations by a method comprising the free radical addition copolymerization of at least one monoethylenically unsaturated monomer with alpha, beta-ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid and crosslinking monomer selected from the group consisting of (1) epoxy group-containing compound and (2) a mixture of alkylenimine and organoalkoxysilane in the presence of a dispersion stabilizer and an aliphatic hydrocarbon dispersing liquid in which the crosslinked polymer particles are insoluble.The crosslinked acrylic polymer microparticles are useful as additives to protective and decorative coatings.Type: GrantFiled: August 16, 1978Date of Patent: December 25, 1979Assignee: PPG Industries, Inc.Inventors: Joseph M. Makhlouf, Samuel Porter, Jr.
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Patent number: 4174425Abstract: In a suspension polymerization process of preparing styrenic polymer particles from a styrenic monomer and small particles of a styrenic polymer in a definite particle size range, styrenic polymer particles having a uniform particle size are obtained without the formation of fine polymer powders by simultaneously but separately dropwise adding to an aqueous suspension of the small particles of the styrenic polymer (1) a solution of 100-60% by weight of a suspension polymerization catalyst and 1-10% by weight of the styrenic monomer and (2) a solution of 0-40% by weight of the catalyst and 99-90% by weight of the styrenic monomer simultaneously but separately from each other.Type: GrantFiled: January 11, 1978Date of Patent: November 13, 1979Assignees: Sekisui Kasehin Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha, Sekisui Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Fumio Saito, Fumito Yamai, Yositugu Beppu, Shinpei Nakayama
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Patent number: 4166152Abstract: Infusible, solvent-insoluble, solvent-dispersible, inherently tacky, elastomeric polymeric microspheres which are formed from non-ionic monomers and comprise at least one oleophilic water-emulsifiable alkyl acrylate or methacrylate ester, and a suspension polymerization technique for producing the microspheres, which includes the use of an ionic suspension stabilizer.Type: GrantFiled: August 17, 1977Date of Patent: August 28, 1979Assignee: Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing CompanyInventors: William A. Baker, Warren D. Ketola
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Patent number: 4164613Abstract: Production of polymers in bead form by forming a water-in-oil suspension of an aqueous solution containing at least one water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer in an inert hydrophobic liquid organic dispersion medium and polymerizing the suspended monomer in the presence of a polymerization initiator and a protective colloid obtained by polymerizing (A) 60 to 100% by weight of at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of cyclopentadiene, dicyclopentadiene, tricyclopentadiene and alkyl-substituted derivatives thereof, and (B) 0 to 40% by weight, based on the mixture of (A) and (B), of a mono- or diethylenically unsaturated monomer copolymerizable with (A).Type: GrantFiled: July 20, 1977Date of Patent: August 14, 1979Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Richard Hoene, Dietmar Jung, Hans-Uwe Schenck, Herbert Spoor
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Patent number: 4146588Abstract: An aerobic composition which comprises (A), (B), (C), (D) and (E) and which begins to polymerize upon coming in contact with oxygen, wherein said components are;(A): at least one compound selected from (1) trivalent cerium compounds and (2) chelated trivalent cerium compounds,(B): when (A) is (1) a compound capable of forming a chelate with trivalent cerium ion and with tetravalent cerium ion and when (A) is (2), a compound capable of forming a chelate with tetravalent cerium ion,(C): at least one reducing sulfur compound capable of producing ions represented by S.sub.x O.sub.y.sup..dbd., wherein x and y are integers such that 1.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.6 and 1.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.7, or R.sub.6 SO.sub.2.sup.- ions, wherein R.sub.6 is an alkyl group of 1-15 carbon atoms, C.sub.6 H.sub.5 (CH.sub.2).sub.n.sup.- (wherein n is 1-3) or Y-C.sub.6 H.sub.4 (wherein Y is H, CH.sub.3, Cl, Br, CN, CH.sub.3 O, C.sub.2 H.sub.5 O, CH.sub.3 CONH, NO.sub.Type: GrantFiled: April 11, 1977Date of Patent: March 27, 1979Assignee: Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.Inventors: Takashi Sunamori, Noburu Nishii
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Patent number: 4145499Abstract: Disclosed is a process for polymerizing vinyl chloride, alone or in combination with a comonomer, in the vapor phase maintained at a pressure lower than the vapor pressure of the monomer at the polymerization temperature employed, and in the presence of the specified seed vinyl chloride polymer particles. The seed polymer particles used are prepared by polymerizing vinyl chloride, along or in combination with a comonomer, under bulk conditions, in the presence of 0.001% to 2% by weight, based on the weight of the monomer, of a cellulose ether soluble in the monomer.Type: GrantFiled: April 28, 1978Date of Patent: March 20, 1979Assignee: Toyo Soda Manufacturing Co., Ltd.Inventors: Mineo Nagano, Shigeru Awazawa, Tatsuhiko Niwa
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Patent number: 4145494Abstract: In the aqueous emulsion free radical polymerization of dienes and copolymerization of dienes and vinyl monomers using mercaptan modifiers there is added at at least 75% conversion a large amount of mercaptan modifier as compared to that previously added and the polymerization is stopped at about 90-99+% conversion to provide processable polymers having a reduced amount of or no gel.Type: GrantFiled: May 10, 1978Date of Patent: March 20, 1979Assignee: The General Tire & Rubber CompanyInventor: Terry C. Neubert
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Patent number: 4135043Abstract: Polymers in powder form are manufactured by polymerizing water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomers, which form hydrophilic polymers, in a powder bed of polymers of water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated compounds in the presence of polymerization initiators and water as an auxiliary liquid, the water being entirely or partially removed from the polymerization zone by evaporation during the polymerization.Type: GrantFiled: August 1, 1977Date of Patent: January 16, 1979Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Bernd Kast, Joachim Stedefeder, Axel Sanner, Hans-Uwe Schenck, Richard Thoma, Hermann Fischer
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Patent number: 4129706Abstract: Process for the manufacture of styrene polymers optionally containing blowing agent by polymerization in aqueous suspension using as the suspension stabilizer a calcium phosphate which after its manufacture by precipitation has been heated in aqueous dispersion for at least 2 hours at from 70.degree. to 130.degree. C. The styrene polymers may be used for the manufacture of foams.Type: GrantFiled: August 17, 1977Date of Patent: December 12, 1978Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Hans G. Keppler, Erhard Stahnecker, Rolf Moeller
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Patent number: 4112211Abstract: Polymers on the basis of tetrafluoroethylene are produced in the presence of a redox system as catalyst consisting of a usual peroxidic compound as oxidizing component and a water-soluble nitrogen compound liberating in situ a diimine under the polymerization conditions. The polymers obtained can be processed, inter alia, into thick walled articles on a ram extruder or into large sintered block free from crack formation.Type: GrantFiled: May 20, 1976Date of Patent: September 5, 1978Assignee: Hoechst AktiengesellschaftInventors: Jurgen Kuhls, Alfred Steininger, Herbert Fitz
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Patent number: 4110413Abstract: This invention concerns a method of polymerizing high acrylonitrile resins in the presence of polymerized copolymers or terpolymers to produce thermoplastic products susceptible to molding and processing operations and having high impact strength and high heat distortion temperatures.Type: GrantFiled: March 31, 1976Date of Patent: August 29, 1978Assignee: The Goodyear Tire & Rubber CompanyInventor: George A. Kuhar
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Patent number: 4104457Abstract: Polymers and copolymers of vinyl chloride having a narrow grain size distribution and a large average mean diameter and a process for the preparation of same in which the polymerization of vinyl chloride is carried out in the presence of a prepolymer composition obtained by polymerization, under high turbulence, of a monomeric composition containing vinyl chloride and acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, an aliphatic ester thereof or a diester of a dihydric alcohol.Type: GrantFiled: February 3, 1977Date of Patent: August 1, 1978Assignee: Rhone-ProgilInventors: Daniel Debord, Salomon Soussan
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Patent number: 4098980Abstract: A process for the non-aqueous dispersion polymerization of a conjugated diolefin monomer, for instance, butadiene or isoprene, in a liquid hydrocarbon dispersion medium, for instance, n-butane or n-pentane with a Ziegler Natta catalyst, for instance, triisobutylaluminum/titanium tetrachloride while said conjugated diolefin is in the presence of a block copolymer dispersion stabilizer. The block copolymer dispersion stabilizer is a copolymer which contains at least two blocks of polymer linked by chemical valences, at least one block (A block) is soluble in liquid organic dispersion medium and at least another block (B block) is insoluble in the dispersion medium and the stabilizer acts to disperse polymers of conjugated diolefins which are formed in the stabilizer's presence. The A block is exemplified by polyisoprene, poly(t-butyl styrene) and poly(vinyl toluene). The B block is exemplified by polystyrene, poly(.alpha.Type: GrantFiled: June 24, 1976Date of Patent: July 4, 1978Assignee: The Goodyear Tire & Rubber CompanyInventors: Richard A. Markle, Richard G. Sinclair
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Patent number: 4092470Abstract: Stable, pumpable, highly concentrated aqueous suspensions of organic peroxides containing (a) nonionic emulsifiers having a maximum HLB value of 12.5 and (b) nonionic emulsifiers having a minimum HLB value of 12.5 or anionic emulsifiers.Type: GrantFiled: February 28, 1977Date of Patent: May 30, 1978Assignee: Akzona IncorporatedInventors: Hendrik Harm Jannes Oosterwijk, Reinder Torenbeek
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Patent number: 4091054Abstract: In a suspension polymerization process of preparing styrenic polymer particles from a styrenic monomer and small particles of a styrenic polymer in a definite particle size range, styrenic polymer particles having a uniform particle size are obtained without the formation of fine polymer powders by simultaneously but separately dropwise adding to an aqueous suspension of the small particles of the styrenic polymer (1) a solution of 100 - 60% by weight of a suspension polymerization catalyst and 1 - 10% by weight of the styrenic monomer and (2) a solution of 0 - 40% by weight of the catalyst and 99 - 90% by weight of the styrenic monomer simultaneously but separately from each other.Type: GrantFiled: July 17, 1975Date of Patent: May 23, 1978Assignees: Sekisui Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha, Sekisui Kaseihin Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Fumio Saito, Fumito Yamai, Yositugu Beppu, Shinpei Nakayama
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Patent number: 4090994Abstract: A process for preparing a polyvinylchloride composition by polymerizing vinyl chloride or vinyl chloride and a comonomer comprises polymerizing vinyl chloride or a mixture of vinyl chloride and a comonomer in the gaseous phase under a polymerization pressure which is less than the saturated vapor pressure of vinyl chloride at the polymerization temperature, in the presence of additives required for later formation of a molded product.Type: GrantFiled: January 8, 1976Date of Patent: May 23, 1978Assignee: Toyo Soda Manufacturing Co., Ltd.Inventors: Mineo Nagano, Michio Saitoh, Shigeru Awazawa, Koji Tanaka
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Patent number: 4089815Abstract: Ethylenically unsaturated monomers in the presence of a novel aromatic oligomeric compound or polymer having a polyhaloacetyl moiety attached thereto are polymerized upon exposure to a source of radiation.Type: GrantFiled: February 24, 1976Date of Patent: May 16, 1978Assignee: Sun Chemical CorporationInventors: Ralph H. Reiter, George Rosen
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Patent number: 4079101Abstract: A polymerization process is described in which conjugated diolefin polymers are prepared by free-radical polymerization at improved rates by conducting the polymerization in a batch charge of all ingredients in aqueous emulsion in the presence of some preformed seed polymer having small particle size.Type: GrantFiled: September 2, 1975Date of Patent: March 14, 1978Assignee: The Standard Oil CompanyInventors: June T. Duke, Dorothy C. Prem
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Patent number: 4060680Abstract: A process which comprises producing a uniform copolymer of acrylonitrile and at least one faster-reacting aromatic olefine containing 50-95% molar of acrylonitrile units wherein the polymerization is conducted in the presence of at least one thiol as chain-transfer agent and the reaction medium is maintained at pH .ltoreq. 4.5, e.g. by using dilute sulphuric acid.Type: GrantFiled: March 22, 1976Date of Patent: November 29, 1977Assignee: Imperial Chemical Industries LimitedInventor: Brian Norman Hendy
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Patent number: 4059552Abstract: Cross-linked water-swellable polymers are described, having a particle size of less than 4 microns. They are used as thickening agents for aqueous dispersions or solutions, particularly useful where high shear conditions are encountered in the application.Type: GrantFiled: October 23, 1975Date of Patent: November 22, 1977Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Maurice L. Zweigle, Jack C. Lamphere
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Patent number: 4048147Abstract: A novel compound represented by the formula, ##STR1## WHEREIN R is a hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, said four R's being the same or different; R.sup.1 is hydrogen, an alkali metal, an ammonium group, a mono-to tetra-hydric aliphatic alcohol moiety having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or an organic amine residue; n is an integer of 1 to 4; and R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are independently hydrogen or alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 may form a ring when taken together. Said novel compound has properties similar to those of natural rosin or a disproportionated rosin, and is useful as a vehicle for coating compositions and printing inks, as an emulsifier for emulsion polymerization, and as a sizing agent.Type: GrantFiled: November 26, 1975Date of Patent: September 13, 1977Assignee: Japan Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd.Inventors: Masatoshi Arakawa, Ryotaro Ohno, Katuhiro Ishikawa, Noboru Yamahara, Hisashi Matsui
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Patent number: 4036794Abstract: A process for the manufacture of expandable styrene polymers by suspension polymerization of the monomers in the presence of blowing agents and suspension stabilizers, the latter having been manufactured by polymerization of vinyl monomers in the presence of vinylpyrrolidone polymers. The expandable styrene polymers can be further processed to give foams.Type: GrantFiled: October 8, 1976Date of Patent: July 19, 1977Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Hans Georg Keppler, Erhard Stahnecker, Rolf Moeller
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Patent number: 4035563Abstract: A method of suspension polymerizing in an aqueous medium vinyl chloride or a mixture of 50% or more vinyl chloride and remainder other monomers copolymerizable therewith in the presence of an oil soluble initiator, a suspension stabilizer and 0.005 to 50 ppm of nitrite, and 10 to 1000 ppm of water soluble metallic salt, the parts being based on the amount of aqueous medium.Type: GrantFiled: March 12, 1975Date of Patent: July 12, 1977Assignee: Kanegafuchi Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Hiromitsu Tachibana, Toshiaki Sasaki, Toshiaki Sugita, Kazuo Saito