Material Contains Carboxylic Acid, Salt, Ester, Or Anhydride Thereof Patents (Class 526/213)
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Patent number: 4628112Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which R represents hydrogen or a methyl group,Y.sup.1 represents an optionally branched alkylene radical with 1 to 6 C atoms,Y.sup.2 represents an optionally branched alkylene radical with 2 to 8 C atoms,X denotes oxygen or an --NH-- group,R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are identical or different and denote hydrogen, or an alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, aryl, aralkyl or alkylaryl group which has 1 to 11 C atoms and is optionally substituted by one or more,hydroxyl, amino, epoxide, urethane, urea, ester or ether groups, orR.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together form a 3-membered to 6-membered ring, which optionally contains nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur as hetero-atoms,R.sup.3 has the meaning of R.sup.1 or represents a group ##STR2## or R.sup.2 and R.sup.3, together with the ##STR3## group, form a 5-membered or 6-membered ring, which optionally contains oxygen as a further hetero-atom, andR.sup.4 and R.sup.Type: GrantFiled: November 28, 1984Date of Patent: December 9, 1986Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Jens Winkel, Gerhard Klein, Helmut-Martin Meier, Carlhans Suling, Dieter Arlt
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Patent number: 4562234Abstract: An ionically cross-linked acrylic elastomer having a glass transition temperature below 30.degree. C. is prepared by precipitation polymerization of a di- or polyvalent metal salt of acrylic, methacrylic and/or itaconic acid and/or a higher ester of methacrylic acid in an anhydrous organic solvent in which the polymer is insoluble. The metal ions comprise 0.1 to 15% of the monomer mixture.Type: GrantFiled: April 8, 1982Date of Patent: December 31, 1985Assignee: Rohm GmbH Chemische FabrikInventors: Siegmund Besecke, Gunter Schroder
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Patent number: 4544726Abstract: Disclosed as an emulsion polymerization emulsifier is a half vinyl ester of C.sub.21 -dicarboxylic acid of the general formula ##STR1## wherein x and y are integers from 3 to 9, x and y together equal 12, one Z is COOH and the other Z is hydrogen. The emulsifier may be blended as a mixture with disproportionated fatty acids and/or C.sub.21 -dicarboxylic acid.Type: GrantFiled: October 3, 1984Date of Patent: October 1, 1985Assignee: Westvaco CorporationInventors: John A. Alford, Carlton G. Force, John W. Gowan, Jr.
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Patent number: 4543401Abstract: A process for the suspension polymerization of vinyl chloride, in the presence of a redox catalyst system consisting of a peroxyester or diacyl peroxide and isoascorbic acid.Type: GrantFiled: May 4, 1981Date of Patent: September 24, 1985Assignee: Plastic Specialties and Technologies, Inc.Inventor: Norman G. Gaylord
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Patent number: 4521576Abstract: A process for the production of storable polychloroprene having reduced tackiness on mixing rolls by the continuous polymerization of chloroprene and, optionally, up to 50%, by weight, of a monomer copolymerizable with chloroprene in aqueous alkaline emulsion in the presence of emulsifiers and radical initiators at temperatures of from 0.degree. to 70.degree. C., followed by isolation, characterized in that from 90 to 150 parts, by weight, of water, from 2.5 to 4.0 parts, by weight of a potassium salt of disproportionated abietic acid (based on acid), from 0.3 to 1.0 parts, by weight, of a condensation product of naphthalene sulphonic acid and formaldehyde and from 0.2 to 1.5 parts, by weight, of potassium hydroxide, all the quantities being based on 100 parts, by weight, of monomer, are used for the polymerization reaction.Type: GrantFiled: November 30, 1983Date of Patent: June 4, 1985Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Rudiger Musch, Wilhelm Gobel, Wolfgang Konter, Wilfried Nolte
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Patent number: 4511686Abstract: Cyanoacrylate adhesive compositions containing a tannin, e.g., digallic acid, tannic acid, or other hydrolyzable or condensed tannin. The inclusion of tannin increases adhesion and heat resistance of the cured adhesive on metal substrates.Type: GrantFiled: November 14, 1983Date of Patent: April 16, 1985Assignee: Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing CompanyInventor: George H. Millet
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Patent number: 4506062Abstract: A reverse phase suspension polymerization process conducted using an ionic polymerizable material and a polymerization stabilizer of opposite ionic or potentially ionic charge is modified by including also a water soluble, substantially oil insoluble, ionic non-polymerizable compound having the same charge type as the polymerizable material and having at least one alkyl group containing at least 6 carbon atoms.Type: GrantFiled: August 2, 1983Date of Patent: March 19, 1985Assignee: Allied Colloids LimitedInventors: Peter Flesher, Adrian S. Allen
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Patent number: 4452957Abstract: Homo- and copolymers of quaternary ammonium monomers are prepared directly in dry form by a process which comprises forming a solution of the monomer(s), solvent and a free-radical initiator and simultaneously polymerizing the monomers and drying the solution at a temperature above the boiling point of the solvent.Type: GrantFiled: August 11, 1982Date of Patent: June 5, 1984Assignee: National Starch and Chemical CorporationInventor: Dennis Neigel
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Patent number: 4450260Abstract: A process for the emulsion polymerization of one or more polymerizable monomers wherein the emulsion polymerization is carried out in the presence of an emulsifier in the form of a diacid of a cyclic alkane or alkene. Emulsifiers of that type have been found to provide improved latex stability, improved bloom and improved processability of the resulting polymer.Type: GrantFiled: February 7, 1983Date of Patent: May 22, 1984Assignee: Copolymer Rubber & Chemical Corp.Inventors: George A. Von Bodungen, Rudy F. Karg
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Patent number: 4448945Abstract: What are disclosed are a method for making an emulsion polymer by polymerizing water insoluble free-radically polymerizable monomers, or monomer mixtures predominantly comprising such monomers, by emulsion polymerization in the presence of a polymerization initiator which is soluble in organic solvents and has at least limited solubility in water, and in the further presence of a free non-polymerizable emulsifying acid, also soluble in organic solvents, and the conversion of such an emulsion polymer by spray drying into a polymer powder which is completely soluble in organic solvents to form clear solutions from which polymer films of reduced water sensitivity can be formed.Type: GrantFiled: September 26, 1983Date of Patent: May 15, 1984Assignee: Rohm GmbHInventors: Herbert Fink, Werner Siol, Horst Dinklage, Hubert Rauch
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Patent number: 4443583Abstract: A process for the production of polychloroprene mixtures of sol and gel polymers in a ratio, by weight, of rom 1:4 to 9:1, the gel polymer being produced by radical emulsion polymerization from chloroprene in the presence of 4 to 10% by weight of water soluble disproportionated abietic acid, and the sol polymer being produced by radical emulsion polymerization of chloroprene in the presence of not more than 3.5% by weight of a water soluble disproportionated abietic acid with the polychloroprene mixture containing at most 3.8% of said acid.Type: GrantFiled: June 10, 1982Date of Patent: April 17, 1984Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Rudiger Musch, Gottfried Pampus, Rudolf Casper, Peter Muller, Wilhelm Gobel
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Patent number: 4433090Abstract: An acrylamide polymer comprising acrylamide and a sufficient amount of cinnamic acid to substantially reduce the viscosity of the acrylamide polymer and solution.Type: GrantFiled: June 9, 1983Date of Patent: February 21, 1984Assignee: Monsanto CompanyInventor: Donald N. Van Eenam
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Patent number: 4432829Abstract: An adhesive composition, capable of functioning either aerobically or anaerobically, includes an acrylate monomer and a suitable elastomeric filler, together with an aromatic perester catalyst and a dibasic acid capable of cyclic tautomerism.Type: GrantFiled: March 8, 1982Date of Patent: February 21, 1984Assignee: American Chemical & Engineering Co.Inventor: Andrew G. Bachmann
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Patent number: 4429088Abstract: An adhesive composition, capable of functioning either aerobically or anaerobically, includes an acrylate monomer and a suitable elastomeric filler, together with an aromatic perester catalyst and a dibasic acid capable of cyclic tautomerism.Type: GrantFiled: March 8, 1982Date of Patent: January 31, 1984Inventor: Andrew G. Bachmann
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Patent number: 4396737Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid composition of a polyol(allyl carbonate) monomer; a first, low initiation temperature, short half life, polymerization initiator; and, a second, high initiation temperature, long half life, polymerization initiator. Optionally, a photochromic agent may be present. Also disclosed is a method of polymerizing the composition, and the polymerizate prepared thereby.Type: GrantFiled: November 19, 1981Date of Patent: August 2, 1983Assignee: PPG Industries, Inc.Inventor: Ivan R. Leatherman
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Patent number: 4382133Abstract: A process for the suspension polymerization of vinyl chloride, in the presence of a redox catalyst system consisting of a peroxyester or diacyl peroxide and an isoascorbic acid ester of a carboxylic acid.Type: GrantFiled: May 4, 1981Date of Patent: May 3, 1983Assignee: Dart Industries Inc.Inventor: Norman G. Gaylord
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Patent number: 4351756Abstract: The inclusion of a small amount of an ester-type plasticizer in the rubber polymerization recipe in the production of rubber-modified high nitrile copolymer resins produces resins having markedly improved impact resistance at both low and high temperatures.Type: GrantFiled: June 2, 1980Date of Patent: September 28, 1982Assignee: SOHIOInventors: Dorothy C. Prem, June T. Duke, Ralph E. Isley
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Patent number: 4340518Abstract: Process for producing a cationic polychloroprene latex by homo- or copolymerizing chloroprene in an aqueous emulsion in the presence of ammonium salts of inorganic or organic acids as emulsifiers wherein the polymerization is carried out in presence of an alkaline earth and/or alkali salt of an organic carboxylic acid or in presence of a mixture of Na.sub.2 HPO.sub.4 and KH.sub.2 PO.sub.4. The latex thus obtained may be mixed with a bitumen emulsion and can be used for the protection of building or in road construction.Type: GrantFiled: June 18, 1981Date of Patent: July 20, 1982Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Wilfried Nolte, Heinz Esser
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Patent number: 4330450Abstract: An amphoteric water-in-oil self-inverting polymer emulsion is prepared which contains a copolymer of (1) a nonionic vinyl monomer and (2) an amphoteric vinyl monomer or a terpolymer of (1) a nonionic vinyl monomer, (2) an anionic vinyl monomer and (3) a cationic vinyl monomer in the aqueous phase, a hydrocarbon oil for the oil phase, a water-in-oil emulsifying agent and an inverting surfactant. An example of a copolymer is a copolymer of (1) a nonionic vinyl monomer such as acrylamide or methacrylamide and (2) an amphoteric vinyl monomer such as a reaction product of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate and monochloroacetic acid. An example of a terpolymer is a terpolymer of (1) a nonionic vinyl monomer such as acrylamide or methacrylamide, (2) an anionic vinyl monomer such as sodium acrylate and (3) a cationic vinyl monomer such as a triethyl ammonium ethyl methacrylate methosulfate salt.Type: GrantFiled: October 15, 1979Date of Patent: May 18, 1982Assignee: Diamond Shamrock CorporationInventors: Stanley A. Lipowski, John J. Miskel, Jr.
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Patent number: 4330638Abstract: Substituted tartaric acids and tartaric acid derivatives have proved to be highly reactive initiators for starting radical polymerization resp. hardening reactions of unsaturated compounds and mixtures of compounds, particularly unsaturated polyester resins.Type: GrantFiled: February 24, 1981Date of Patent: May 18, 1982Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Heinrich Wolfers, Wolfram Mayer, Hans Rudolph, Fritz Mietzsch
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Patent number: 4326047Abstract: Polyether hydroxyl-containing compounds are prepared by reacting a monoepoxy-containing compound such as propylene oxide with a compound containing one or more OH and/or SH groups such as a low molecular weight adduct of glycerine and propylene oxide in the presence of a solid calcium naphthenate catalyst. The solid form of the catalyst is more efficient than the liquid form.Type: GrantFiled: November 6, 1980Date of Patent: April 20, 1982Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventor: Ronald L. Yates
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Patent number: 4322515Abstract: The process comprises polymerization of liquid pyrolyzates of petroleum hydrocarbons when heating them in the presence of an initiator containing an organic peroxide and a metal salt of an organic acid. Fractions having boiling point of 10.degree. to 190.degree. C. are used as liquid pyrolyzates of petrocarbons.Type: GrantFiled: January 18, 1980Date of Patent: March 30, 1982Inventors: Sakhib M. O. Aliev, Vagab S. Aliev, Tofik A. Gadzhiev, Ali R. O. Ismailov, Arif I. O. Gasanov, Vagif B. G. O. Guseinov
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Patent number: 4307215Abstract: A method of using formic acid or metal salts thereof in effective concentrations as very efficient chain transfer agents to limit the molecular weight and intrinsic viscosity of acrylamide based polymers. The formic acid or metal formate is utilized in such polymers by adding to the monomer prior to polymerization amounts of 0.05-6.5% by weight to control polymer molecular weights where the subsequent polymer is to be used as a flocculating agent, sewage treatment agent, or any other appropriate use. Polymers of special interest in this invention are polyacrylamide and anionic or cationic copolymers of acrylamide. Examples of polymers which can be made according to this invention include polyacrylamide (nonionic), copolymers of acrylamide, and N,N-dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate (cationic) and copolymers of acrylamide and acrylic acid (anionic). In the manufacture of the subject polymer, the percent monomer employed can range from about 10-90% by weight and is preferably from 10-50% by weight.Type: GrantFiled: February 25, 1980Date of Patent: December 22, 1981Assignee: Nalco Chemical CompanyInventors: Louis A. Goretta, Robert R. Otremba
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Patent number: 4294945Abstract: Vinyl chloride monomer is suspension polymerized in an aqueous suspension polymerization medium in the presence of an effective amount of an organotin mercaptide and an expoxidized vegetable oil to lessen the amount of polymer scale formation from the reaction.Type: GrantFiled: April 21, 1980Date of Patent: October 13, 1981Assignee: Stauffer Chemical CompanyInventor: Chung H. Wei
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Patent number: 4292420Abstract: A method for drying a polymer latex comprising mixing with said latex a partially fugitive gas producing electrolyte and filtering said latex to recover the polymer.Type: GrantFiled: December 20, 1979Date of Patent: September 29, 1981Assignee: The B. F. Goodrich CompanyInventors: James W. Turner, Bela K. Mikofalvy
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Patent number: 4286081Abstract: There is disclosed a process for preparing vinyl dispersion resins by conducting the polymerization reaction of the vinyl monomer or monomers in an aqueous alkaline medium, using an oil-soluble polymerization initiator, at low temperatures, in the presence of an emulsifier and, optionally, at least one long straight chain alcohol containing from 14 to 24 carbon atoms, and in the presence of an electrolyte, such as for example, ammonium carbonate ((NH.sub.4).sub.2 CO.sub.3), and wherein the reaction ingredients are thoroughly mixed, or homogenized, prior to polymerization. The aqueous emulsion of the polymer(s) so produced are capable of being dried into friable aggregates of individual spheres of polymer particles. The dried resin can easily be formulated into plastisols of high North Fineness and high gloss. In addition, polymer buildup in the reactor is reduced.Type: GrantFiled: December 20, 1979Date of Patent: August 25, 1981Assignee: The BF Goodrich CompanyInventors: Bela K. Mikofalvy, James W. Turner
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Patent number: 4269960Abstract: A process for the bulk or suspension polymerization of vinyl monomers, particularly vinyl chloride, in the presence of a redox catalyst system consisting of a peroxyester or diacyl peroxide and an ascorbic acid ester of a carboxylic acid.Type: GrantFiled: December 21, 1979Date of Patent: May 26, 1981Assignee: Dart Industries Inc.Inventor: Norman G. Gaylord
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Patent number: 4269958Abstract: A process for the suspension polymerization of vinyl chloride, in the presence of a redox catalyst system consisting of a peroxyester or diacyl peroxide and stannous chloride.Type: GrantFiled: December 21, 1979Date of Patent: May 26, 1981Assignee: Dart Industries Inc.Inventor: N. Grant Gaylord
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Patent number: 4255547Abstract: A vulcanizable elastomeric composition comprising(a) from about 89-40%, by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, of an acrylic acid ester, or mixture thereof, having the formula ##STR1## wherein R is an alkyl (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4) radical, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OR', wherein R' is an alkyl (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4) radical, or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CN;(b) from about 10-45%, by weight, same basis, of bis (2-methoxyethyl) fumarate, bis (2-methoxyethyl)maleate, or mixtures thereof, and(c) from about 1-10%, by weight, same basis, of an unsaturated monomer containing a halogen atom or an epoxy group.Type: GrantFiled: March 10, 1980Date of Patent: March 10, 1981Assignee: American Cyanamid CompanyInventor: Volker D. Arendt
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Patent number: 4245072Abstract: A highly dispersed emulsion of an organosulfur compound is obtained by use of a coemulsification system of a surfactant, and an electrolyte, and a cosurfactant and optionally a hydrocarbon; such as a petroleum sulfonate with potassium chloride and hexyl alcohol. Conversion of organosulfur compounds into highly dispersed emulsions increases the reactivity of the organosulfur compound as a molecular weight modifier in an aqueous emulsion polymerization system and permits the efficient use of high molecular weight organosulfur compounds.Type: GrantFiled: March 6, 1979Date of Patent: January 13, 1981Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventors: Carl A. Uraneck, Earl Clark
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Patent number: 4230843Abstract: Compositions useful as multi-purpose lubricant and functional fluid additives and as thickeners and antisag additives for resins, paints and the like are prepared by free radical polymerization of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer in the presence of an oil-soluble dispersant. The carboxylic dispersants are preferred, especially esters of hydrocarbon-substituted succinic acids wherein the substituent contains at least about 30 carbon atoms and the reaction products of such acids or their derivatives with amines, usually polyalkylene polyamines.Type: GrantFiled: February 2, 1979Date of Patent: October 28, 1980Assignee: The Lubrizol CorporationInventor: Lester E. Coleman
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Patent number: 4229503Abstract: An uncured cementitious substrate may be coated by a method which comprises applying to the substrate an aqueous emulsion of a film-forming polymeric material, wherein the emulsion contains at least one soluble soap.Type: GrantFiled: July 5, 1977Date of Patent: October 21, 1980Assignee: Monier LimitedInventor: Henry Day
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Patent number: 4224415Abstract: 1. In a process for preparing a cation exchange resin having a water-insoluble matrix and cation exchange groups bonded thereto, the improvement comprising employing as said matrix a solid copolymer of macroreticular structure which is permeated by small channels or voids into which liquids are able to penetrate, which matrix is prepared by copolymerizing a mixture consisting essentially of (1) a monovinyl carbocyclic aromatic compound or an ester of acrylic or methacrylic acid, with (2) a polyethylenically unsaturated monomer selected from the group consisting of a polyvinyl carbocyclic aromatic compound, an ester of a dihydric alcohol and an .alpha.-.beta.Type: GrantFiled: July 18, 1958Date of Patent: September 23, 1980Assignee: Rohm and Haas CompanyInventors: Erich F. Meitzner, James A. Oline
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Patent number: 4212780Abstract: Chloroprene polymer-phenolic resin-metal oxide-solvent adhesives, which are non-phasing and which contain from about 4 to 6 parts by weight based on polymer of a rosin which must contain less than 2.16 parts by weight based on polymer of dehydroabietic acid, a constituent of rosin.Type: GrantFiled: April 24, 1978Date of Patent: July 15, 1980Assignee: Denka Chemical CorporationInventor: Kenneth D. Fitzgerald
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Patent number: 4196271Abstract: An adhesive composition comprising a 2-cyanoacrylate and at least one member selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic carboxylic acids having three or more carboxyl groups, anhydrides thereof, partial esters thereof, aromatic polycarboxylic acids having three or more carboxyl groups and anhydrides thereof. This composition has a high impact strength, is suitable for bonding metallic substrates to one another and is also excellent in resistance to heat, weather, and water.Type: GrantFiled: December 22, 1976Date of Patent: April 1, 1980Assignee: Toagosei Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.Inventors: Akira Yamada, Kaoru Kimura
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Patent number: 4196272Abstract: A continuous process for the preparation of water-soluble copolymers of vinyl carboxylic acids and lower alkyl acrylates is disclosed. The process employs a tubular reactor and polymerizes the monomers in aqueous solution in the presence of a free radical catalyst. Molecular weights of from 3,000-300,000 and preferably from about 5,000-25,000 are obtained utilizing this process.Type: GrantFiled: November 27, 1978Date of Patent: April 1, 1980Assignee: Nalco Chemical CompanyInventors: Louis A. Goretta, Robert R. Otremba
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Patent number: 4195147Abstract: The preparation of water dispersible amine-functional copolymers is disclosed in which a mixture of ethylenically unsaturated material including amine-functional monomer is slowly added to a heated heel of water miscible organic solvent containing a solubilizing acid in an amount to neutralize from 25% to 90% of the amine functionality in the copolymer, but insufficient to provide a pH below 5 when the copolymer is dispersed in aqueous medium.Type: GrantFiled: February 22, 1979Date of Patent: March 25, 1980Assignee: DeSoto, Inc.Inventors: Kazys Sekmakas, Raj Shah
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Patent number: 4189551Abstract: Presence of a selected carboxylic acid in the aqueous polymerization mixture during suspension polymerization of tetrafluoroethylene has been found to reduce the amount of adhesions formed during the polymerization.Type: GrantFiled: June 19, 1978Date of Patent: February 19, 1980Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventor: Subhash V. Gangal
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Patent number: 4186121Abstract: Presence of a selected carboxylic acid in the aqueous polymerization mixture during polymerization of tetrafluoroethylene to obtain a colloidal dispersion of polymeric tetrafluoroethylene has been found to reduce the amount of coagulum formed during the polymerization.Type: GrantFiled: June 19, 1978Date of Patent: January 29, 1980Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours & CompanyInventor: Subhash V. Gangal
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Patent number: 4186259Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing vinyl dispersion resins by conducting the polymerization reaction of the vinyl monomer or monomers in an aqueous alkaline medium, using an oil-soluble polymerization initiator, at temperatures preferably below about 48.degree. C., in the presence of an emulsifier system comprising the ammonium salt of a high fatty acid containing from 8 to 20 carbon atoms, at least one long straight chain alcohol containing from 14 to 24 carbon atoms, and a sulfate or sulfonate type soap of C.sub.12 to C.sub.20 alkyl or aryl hydrocarbons, wherein the ratio of alcohol to emulsifier is equal to or greater than 1.0 and wherein the reaction ingredients are thoroughly mixed, and preferably homogenized, prior to polymerization. The process produces paste resins having improved plastisol foam properties, especially when sodium metabisulfite is added to the polymer recipe or the polymer slurry prior to spray drying.Type: GrantFiled: July 31, 1978Date of Patent: January 29, 1980Assignee: The B. F. Goodrich CompanyInventors: Charles N. Bush, Bela K. Mikofalvy
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Patent number: 4180637Abstract: Low molecular weight polymers of an unsaturated dicarboxylic anhydride monomer (e.g., maleic anhydride) and a copolymerizable monomer (e.g., styrene) are prepared by an improved process which comprises polymerizing the monomers in the presence of the hydroxide or a nucleophilic salt of a monovalent cation (e.g., a nucleophilic salt or the hydroxide of an ammonium compound or of an alkali metal). By the practice of this process, low molecular weight polymers are conveniently and economically obtained without the use of high catalyst concentrations, high temperatures, conventional chain transfer agents, high boiling chain transfer solvents or combinations thereof.Type: GrantFiled: November 7, 1977Date of Patent: December 25, 1979Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Syamalarao Evani, Russell J. Raymond
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Patent number: 4177340Abstract: A process for the manufacture of ethylene polymers by polymerizing ethylene under high pressures and at high temperatures in the presence of from 0.01 to 0.5 percent by weight of an alkyl ester (alkyl being of 1 to 8 carbon atoms) of an alkenemonocarboxylic acid of 3 or 4 carbon atoms. n-Butyl acrylate is a particularly suitable polymerization activator. Although the start temperature of the ethylene polymerization is relatively low, there is no difference in mechanical and optical properties of a blown film manufactured from the resulting ethylene polymer and of a blown film of pure polyethylene.Type: GrantFiled: November 30, 1977Date of Patent: December 4, 1979Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Klaus Boettcher, Heinrich G. Hoerdt, Klaus Pfleger, Wieland Zacher, Hans Gropper
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Patent number: 4168359Abstract: Novel copolymers of maleic anhydride and dimers of cyclic conjugated dienes such as cyclopentadiene in which the maleic anhydride/dimer mole ratio ranges from 1/1 to 2/1. The copolymers are prepared by heating the dimer and maleic anhydride at a temperature of 50.degree.-170.degree. C., in the presence of a polar solvent and a free radical precursor which has a half-life of no more than 2 hours at the reaction temperature.Type: GrantFiled: April 21, 1977Date of Patent: September 18, 1979Assignee: Borg-Warner CorporationInventor: Norman G. Gaylord
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Patent number: 4165432Abstract: Compounds containing peroxy linkages connecting similar polyol ester constituents are described. These peroxy di-ester polyols are prepared by the direct esterification of peroxy diacids with polyols, in the presence of a strong mineral acid catalyst. The peroxy di-ester polyol products function as free radical initiators and grafting bases in the graft copolymerization of unsaturated monomers with polyols. These graft copolymers are useful in the formulation of polyurethanes.Type: GrantFiled: October 18, 1977Date of Patent: August 21, 1979Assignee: Olin CorporationInventors: Frank J. Preston, Theodore C. Kraus, Kiran B. Chandalia
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Patent number: 4161571Abstract: A process for production of the maleic anhydride adduct of a liquid polymer having a maleic anhydride addition amount of 2 to 70% by weight, which comprises reacting a liquid polymer having a molecular weight of 150 to 5,000 and a viscosity of 2 to 50,000 cp at 30.degree. C. in the presence of at least one compound, as a gelation inhibitor, selected from the group consisting of imidazoles, thiazoles, metallic salts of mercaptothiazoles, urea derivatives, naphthylamines, nitrosamines, iron, iron compounds and specific halogen compounds, said liquid polymer being selected from the group consisting of liquid polybutadienes, liquid polyisoprenes and liquid copolymers comprising units of butadiene or isoprene and units of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of other diolefins, olefins and aromatic vinyl compounds.Type: GrantFiled: October 18, 1977Date of Patent: July 17, 1979Assignee: Sumitomo Chemical Company, LimitedInventors: Seimei Yasui, Takao Oshima
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Patent number: 4147850Abstract: By conducting solution polymerization in the presence of minor amounts of water, higher molecular weight polymers are obtained.Type: GrantFiled: May 18, 1977Date of Patent: April 3, 1979Assignee: Rohm and Haas CompanyInventors: Thomas W. Hutton, Pamela J. Rogers
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Patent number: 4134815Abstract: A process of manufacturing an amphoteric composite resin which process comprises first polymerizing a dispersion comprising two liquid phases wherein the first liquid phase comprises at least one monomer containing a basic group or a precursor or derivative thereof and a crosslinking agent, and the second liquid phase comprises at least one monomer containing an acidic group or a precursor or derivative thereof and a crosslinking agent, and wherein the monomers are not of opposite charge, the two liquid phases are substantially immiscible and partitioning of the monomers from one liquid phase to the other is minimal, to form a composite polymeric material; and second treating the composite polymeric material to convert any acidic group precursor or derivative and any basic group precursor or derivative to the free acid and free base respectively to form an amphoteric composite resin.Type: GrantFiled: May 20, 1977Date of Patent: January 16, 1979Assignees: ICI Australia Limited, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research OrganizationInventors: Mervyn B. Jackson, Brian A. Bolto
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Patent number: 4110293Abstract: Latex is stabilized by the addition of small amounts of salts of maleic anhydride/alpha-methylstyrene adduct and maleic anhydride/alpha-methylstyrene dimer adduct. The adduct salt is incorporated into the emulsifier solution used in the emulsion polymerization system.Type: GrantFiled: April 22, 1977Date of Patent: August 29, 1978Assignee: The Goodyear Tire & Rubber CompanyInventor: Paul H. Sandstrom
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Patent number: 4105519Abstract: A method for polymerizing or copolymerizing water-soluble monomers, in a layer thickness between 2 and 100 mm, and at a temperature between 0.degree. C. and 100.degree. C., by irradiation with ultraviolet light in the presence of atmospheric oxygen, wherein the material to be polymerized contains at least 1 ppm of a water-soluble anthraquinone unsubstituted in the 1,4,5, and 8-positions and at least 10 ppm of dissolved chloride ions.Type: GrantFiled: October 5, 1976Date of Patent: August 8, 1978Assignee: Rohm GmbHInventors: Horst Pennewiss, Hermann Plainer, Peter Quis, Hans Trabitzsch, Juergen Masanek, Juergen Jakob
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Patent number: 4098981Abstract: Storage stable liquid compositions are prepared from solid acyl alkylsulfonyl peroxides and polar or polarizable solvents or solvent mixtures. The compositions are liquid at 0.degree. C to -40.degree. C and are useful as free-radical initiators for polymerization of vinyl monomers.Type: GrantFiled: May 4, 1977Date of Patent: July 4, 1978Assignee: Pennwalt CorporationInventor: Jose Sanchez