Abstract: Provided is a rubber composition, which is excellent in fuel permeation resistance, and is capable of achieving improvements in low-temperature embrittlement property and solvent crack property. The rubber composition includes: a fluororubber having a fluorine concentration content of 70 to 71 wt % as a main component; a crosslink-type agent; and the following components (A) and (B), in which: the total content [(A)+(B)] of the above-mentioned components (A) and (B) falls within the range of 17 to 25 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the above-mentioned fluororubber; and a weight ratio (A)/(B) of the content of the above-mentioned component (A) to the content of the above-mentioned component (B) falls within the range of 2.0/1 to 3.0/1: (A) barium sulfate; and (B) a neutral silica.

Abstract: Presently described is a composition comprising at least one first divalent unit comprising a pendant perfluoropolyether or perfluoroalkyl group; at least one second divalent unit comprising a pendant phosphorus-containing acid group; and at least one third unit comprising a terminal or pendant alkoxy silane group. Also described is a coating comprising the composition described herein dissolved or dispersed in a solvent and a method of providing a coated article or surface. Such method is particularly useful for providing corrosion protection to a metallic surface.

Abstract: The present invention provides new polyimide materials suitable for use in optically transparent fiber composites, ribbon composites, and optical communications applications. The polyimide compounds include monomeric repeat units comprising a fluorinated moiety and a fluorene cardo structure. The polyimides exhibit good optical transparency and have a low absolute thermo-optic coefficient (|dn/dT|).

Abstract: A polymer is provided comprising a first pendant group selected from at least one of a perfluorinated ether group or a perfluoroalkanesulfonamido group, a second pendant group comprising an ammonium group, wherein the second pendant group is free of silicon, and a third pendant group comprising an ammonium group and a reactive silicon-containing group. A composition comprising the polymer is provided. The polymer and composition are useful for protecting a substrate, for example, to render the substrate oil repellent, water repellent, or both, or to provide stain repellency to the substrate.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a process for manufacturing a fluoroelastomer [fluoroelastomer (A)] having a heat of fusion of less than 5 J/g as measured by ASTM D-3418-08, said method comprising emulsion polymerizing vinylidene fluoride (VDF) in the presence of at least one additional fluorinated monomer, in an aqueous polymerization medium, said method comprising polymerizing VDF and said additional fluorinated monomer(s) in the presence of a redox radical initiator system comprising: —at least one organic oxidizing agent [agent (O)]; —at least one organic reducing agent [agent (R)]; wherein agent (O) is fed to said polymerization medium separately from agent (R), so that agent (O) comes in contact with agent (R) exclusively in said polymerization medium comprising VDF and optional additional monomer(s), to fluoroelastomers having low amount of chain defects and low amount of polar end groups, notably obtainable from said process, and to curable compositions therefrom.

Abstract: To provide an electrolyte polymer for polymer electrolyte fuel cells, made of a perfluorinated polymer having sulfonic groups, characterized in that in a test of immersing 0.1 g of the polymer in 50 g of a fenton reagent solution containing 3% of an aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution and 200 ppm of bivalent iron ions at 40° C. for 16 hours, the amount of eluted fluorine ions detected in the solution is not more than 0.002% of the total amount of fluorine in the polymer immersed. The electrolyte polymer of the present invention has very few unstable terminal groups and has an excellent durability, and therefore, is suitable as a polymer constituting an electrolyte membrane for polymer electrolyte fuel cells and a polymer contained in a catalyst layer.

Abstract: A peroxide-crosslinkable fluorine-containing elastomer IS produced by subjecting a fluorine-containing olefin and a perfluoroalkyl divinyl ether monomer represented by the general formula: CF2?CF—[OCF2CF(CF3)]aO(CF2)bO[CF(CF3)CF2O]c—CF?CF2 wherein a+c is an integer of 0 to 4 and b is an integer of 2 or more, to a copolymerization reaction; wherein the perfluoroalkyl divinyl ether monomer is added for copolymerization separately before and after the copolymerization reaction starts, or the total amount thereof is added for copolymerization after the copolymerization reaction starts. A peroxide-crosslinked molded product of the obtained fluorine-containing elastomer exhibits high compression set characteristic, while reducing a decrease in breaking strength, a decrease in elongation at break or an increase in hardness.

Abstract: Provided are a random wrinkle structure-formable compound, a composition including the same, a film including a random wrinkle structure, a method of forming the film, and an organic light emitting device including the film. A compound according to the present invention is coated and then, a film having a surface structure of random wrinkles may be simply formed through simple ultraviolet (UV) curing or thermosetting. When the film thus formed is used in an organic light emitting device, light generated from the organic light emitting device is scattered on surfaces of the random wrinkles to prevent light guide or total reflection, and thus, light is extracted to the outside. That is, a random structure disposed at the outside of the device performs a light extraction function and consequently, light efficiency of the organic light emitting device may be increased.

Abstract: A process for the polymerization of a true tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) copolymer of the fine powder type is provided, wherein the copolymer contains polymerized comonomer units of at least one comonomer other than TFE in concentrations of at least or exceeding 1.0 weight percent, and which can exceed 5.0 weight percent, wherein the copolymer is expandable, that is, the copolymer may be expanded to produce strong, useful, expanded TFE copolymeric articles having a microstructure of nodes interconnected by fibrils.

Abstract: Method comprising contacting a hydrocarbon-bearing formation with a composition comprising solvent and a fluoropolyether compound, wherein the fluoropolyether compound comprises at least one first divalent unit represented by formula: Each Rf is independently selected from the group consisting of Rfa—(O)t—CHL?-(CF2)n—; [Rfa—(O)t—C(L)H—CF2)—O]m—W—; Rfb—O—(CF2)p-; F(CkF2k)—(O—CkF2K(p—O—CF2—; and CF3—O—(CF2)3—OCF(CF3)—CF2)z—O-L1-. Treated hydrocarbon-bearing formations are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polymerizable compounds, to processes and intermediates for the preparation thereof, to liquid-crystal (LC) media comprising them, and to the use of the polymerizable compounds and LC media for optical, electro-optical and electronic purposes, in particular in LC displays, especially in LC displays of the PS (“polymer sustained”) or PSA (“polymer sustained alignment”) type.

Abstract: The compound represented by formula (1). For example, the rings A1, A2, A3 and A4 are 1,4-phenylene, Z1 and Z2 are alkylene having 1 to 10 carbons in which at least one —CH2— may be replaced by —O— or —CH?CH—; L1, L2 and L3 are a single bond, —COO— or —CH?CH—; G1 and G2 area single bond or —O—; s, t and u are 0 or 1; and P1 and P2 is the group (P-1), the group (P-2) or the group (P-3). M1 and M2 are hydrogen or methyl.

Abstract: A composition comprises a polymer having a first pendant group selected from at least one perfluorinated ether group or perfluoroalkanesulfonamido group, a second pendant group comprising an ammonium group, wherein the second pendant group is free of silicon, and a third pendant group comprising an ammonium group and a reactive silicon-containing group. The polymer and composition are useful for protecting a substrate, for example, to render the substrate oil repellent, water repellent, or both, or to provide stain repellency to the substrate.

Abstract: A composition and method of making having a perfluoroelastomer gum with a nitrogen-containing cure site and an end group represented by —CF3—CF2H, —CFH2, and/or —CH3, and having a low carbonyl-containing end group ratio, which yield cured fluoroelastomers with improved retained sealing force and articles therefrom.

Abstract: A composition for forming an insulating material used in electronic devices which includes, as a polymerizable component, a monomer comprising two or more (meth)acrylic moieties and a polycyclic alicyclic structure.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of producing a fluoroelastomer excellent in dispersion stability at low cost, at a high rate of polymerization and in high yields. The present invention is a method of producing a fluoroelastomer comprising an emulsion polymerization of a fluorinated monomer in the presence of a water-soluble radical polymerization initiator, wherein the emulsion polymerization is carried out in the presence of a compound (1) containing a functional group reactive in radical polymerization and a hydrophilic group and a fluorinated compound (2) containing a fluorocarbon group comprising 1 to 6 continuously united carbon atom with fluorine atom directly bound to each of them as well as a hydrophilic group.

Abstract: A process for preparing a fluorine-containing polymer which includes a first step for preparing a dispersion of fluorine-containing emulsified particles (A) having ionic functional groups where a fluorine-containing monomer mixture (i) is polymerized by using a water soluble radical polymerization initiator (a) without addition of an emulsifying agent, and a second step for preparing a fluorine-containing polymer (b) having a small amount of ionic functional groups where fluorine-containing monomers (ii) are emulsion-polymerized by using a radical polymerization initiator (b) in the presence of the fluorine-containing emulsified particles (A) having ionic functional groups without addition of an emulsifying agent.

Abstract: This invention concerns copolymers that may be used for incorporation into electrolytic membranes for lithium generators, comprising at least one vinyl ether repetitive motif comprising a pendant cyclic carbonate group.

Abstract: A functional TFE copolymer fine powder is described, wherein the TFE copolymer is a polymer of TFE and at least one functional comonomer, and wherein the TFE copolymer has functional groups that are pendant to the polymer chain. The functional TFE copolymer fine powder resin is paste extrudable and expandable. Methods for making the functional TFE copolymer are also described. The expanded functional TFE copolymer material may be post-reacted after expansion.

Abstract: To provide an antifouling composition which is a fluorine-type antifouling composition using a short chain perfluoroalkyl group and which is excellent in antifouling properties and water/oil repellency and presents good durability against washing. An antifouling composition comprising a fluorocopolymer which comprises from 30 to 65 mass % of polymerized units (a) having a C1-6 perfluoroalkyl group, from 1 to 67 mass % of polymerized units (b1) having —(C2H4O)— and from 3 to 34 mass % of polymerized units (b2) having —(C4H8O)—, wherein the content of —(C2H4O)— is from 20 to 65 mass %, and the content of —(C4H8O)— is from 2 to 13 mass %.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a low viscosity curable (per)fluoroelastomer [fluoroelastomer (A)] having a number-averaged molecular weight of 3 000 to 45 000, said (per)fluoroelastomer comprising at least 1% moles, with respect to the total moles of recurring units, of recurring units derived from at least one (per)fluoromethoxyalkylvinylether of formula (I): CFX??CX?OCF2ORf??formula (I) wherein X? and X?, equal to or different from each other, are independently H or F; and Rf is selected from the group consisting of C1-C6 (per)fluoroalkyls, linear or branched; C5-C6 cyclic (per)fluoroalkyls; and C2-C6 (per)fluorooxyalkyls, linear or branched, comprising from 1 to 3 catenary ethereal oxygen atoms [monomer (M)].

Abstract: There is provided a fluoroelastomer characterized by containing one type or more types of fluorinated emulsifiers represented by the formula: F—(CF2)t-[O(CF2)n]m-O—(CHF)o-(CF2)p-X where m=0 to 3; n=1 to 5; o=0 to 1; p=1 to 3; t=1 to 10; and where when t=2 than o?0; and further where X is selected from a group consisting of a carboxyl acid group and a salt of a carboxylic acid group. A method for preparing fluoroelastomers by using such fluorinated emulsifiers in emulsion polymerization of fluoromonomers and articles containing such fluoroelastomers are also provided. A fluorinated elastomer dispersion including an aqueous mixture of a crosslinkable fluorinated elastomer and such fluorinated emulsifiers are also provided. The fluoroelastomers created with such fluorinated emulsifiers are essentially free of cations other than NH4+ and H+ and have a low glass transition temperature.

Abstract: The present invention provides peroxidic fluoropolyether and a fluorine-containing dispersion obtained from polymerization of fluorine-containing monomers in the presence of peroxidic fluoropolyether as a surfactant. The peroxidic fluoropolyether can be used as surfactant for producing aqueous dispersion of fluorine-containing monomer in place of PFOA or the salts thereof. Thus the amount of PFOA or the salts thereof is reduced and the natural environment is protected. In addition, applying peroxidic fluoropolyether as surfactant and combining it with adjuvants, such as initiator, can induce the reaction moderate and can be beneficial to the polymerization control, thus reducing the amount of initiator or shortening the reaction time.

Abstract: A resist composition for immersion exposure including: a base component (A) which exhibits changed solubility in an alkali developing solution under the action of acid; an acid-generator component (B) which generates acid upon exposure; and a fluorine-containing resin component (F); dissolved in an organic solvent (S), the fluorine-containing resin component (F) including a structural unit (f1) containing a fluorine atom, a structural unit (f2) containing a hydrophilic group-containing aliphatic hydrocarbon group, and a structural unit (f3) derived from an acrylate ester containing a tertiary alkyl group-containing group or an alkoxyalkyl group.

Abstract: Fluoroelastomeric gel having the following properties: appearance: transparent gelatinous solid; water content between 10% and 90% by weight; a density between 1.1 and 2.1 g/cm3; said gel satisfies the following test: dried in a stove at 90° C. until a constant weight gives curable fluoroelastomers.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing unsaturated carboxylic acid represented by formula (1), wherein R1 represents a polymerizable double-bond containing group, R3 represents a fluorine atom or fluorine-containing alkyl group, and W represents a bivalent linking group. This compound can provide a fluorine-containing polymer compound that has a weight-average molecular weight of 1,000-1,000,000 and contains a repeating unit represented by formula (2), wherein R3 and W are defined as above, each of R4, R5 and R6 independently represents a hydrogen atom, fluorine atom or monovalent organic group, at least two of R4, R5 and R6 may be combined to form a ring. This polymer compound can provide a chemically amplified resist composition that is transparent to KrF or ArF excimer laser light and has a high resolution and is capable of forming a pattern having a rectangular section with no swelling.

Abstract: This invention relates to curable fluoroelastomer compositions comprising a) fluoroelastomers having either nitrile, alkyne or azide cure sites and b) fluorinated curatives containing diazide, dinitrile or dialkyne groups for reacting with cure sites on the fluoroelastomer. Fluoroelastomers having azide cure sites form crosslinks with curatives having dinitrile or dialkyne groups. Fluoroelastomers having nitrile or alkyne cure sites form crosslinks with curatives having diazide groups.

Abstract: Provided is a film for a film capacitor in which electrical insulation, and especially electrical properties at high temperatures are improved while a high dielectric constant of a vinylidene fluoride resin is maintained. The film for a film capacitor includes a tetrafluoroethylene resin (a1) that includes a vinylidene fluoride unit and a tetrafluoroethylene unit in the vinylidene fluoride unit/tetrafluoroethylene unit ratio (mol %) of 0/100 to 49/51 as a film-forming resin (A).

Abstract: Disclosed is a melt-flowable fluoropolymer comprising repeating units arising from (a) tetrafluoroethylene and (b) a monomer having at least one functional group and a polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, wherein the sum of the weight percent of (a) and (b) comprises at least about 99 weight percent of all repeating units comprising the melt-flowable fluoropolymer.

Abstract: A noncrystalline fluoroelastomer which is a copolymer consisting essentially of vinylidene fluoride and a fluoromonomer represented by the general formula (1): CH2?CFRf??(1) wherein Rf is a straight or branched fluoroalkyl group containing 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and has a vinylidene fluoride units/fluoromonomer units mol ratio of 78/22 to 22/78 and a glass transition temperature of not higher than 25° C.

Abstract: Provided are a tetrafluoroethylene copolymers having a melting point of at least 317° C., a melt flow index (MFI) at 372° C. and a 5 kg load (MFI 372/5) of from about 0.60 g/10 min up to about 15 g/10 min. Also provided are methods of forming a shaped article using the copolymers described above, shaped articles made with those copolymers and compositions containing such copolymers.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fluorocarbon polymer material comprising a backbone with the following unit: wherein: Z is a quaternary ammonium group, Y1 and Y2 are each independently an oxygen heteroatom or a sulphur heteroatom, A is a fluorinated or perfluorinated straight chain having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms, R1 represents a phenyl or aryl group or a —CR2R3— group, and R4 is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a straight or branched, cyclic or acyclic, alkyl or halogenated alkyl group, and a group represented by the following formula: m is an integer comprised between 0 and 10, preferably between 0 and 3; m?, n and r are integers, each independently equal to 0 or 1; and s is equal to 0 or 1, provided that when s is equal to 0, then R4 is different from the hydrogen atom.

Abstract: A composition including at least one first divalent unit represented by formula: Each Rf is independently selected from the group consisting of Rfa—(O)t—CHF—(CF2)n—; [Rfa—(O)t—C(L)H—CF2—O]m—W—; Rfb-O—(CF2)p-; F(CkF2k)—(O—CkF2k)P—O—CF2—; and CF3—O—(CF2)3—(OCF(CF3)—CF2)Z—O-L1-. Each Q is independently selected from the group consisting of a bond, —C(O)—N(R1)—, and —C(O)—O—. Each X is independently selected from the group consisting of alkylene and arylalkylene, wherein alkylene and arylalkylene are each optionally interrupted by at least one ether linkage and optionally terminated by —N(R1)—C(O)— or —O—C(O)—. R and R1 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Rfa represents a partially or fully fluorinated alkyl group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms and optionally interrupted with at least one oxygen atom. Rfb is selected from the group consisting of CF3CFH— and F(CjF2j)-.

Abstract: A solid polymer electrolyte material made of a copolymer comprising a repeating unit based on a fluoromonomer A which gives a polymer having an alicyclic structure in its main chain by radical polymerization, and a repeating unit based on a fluoromonomer B of the following formula (1): CF2?CF(Rf)jSO2X??(1) wherein j is 0 or 1, X is a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom or OM {wherein M is a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal atom or a group of NR1R2R3R4 (wherein each of R1, R2, R3 and R4 which may be the same or different, is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group)}, and Rf is a C1-20 polyfluoroalkylene group having a straight chain or branched structure which may contain ether oxygen atoms.

Abstract: The claimed invention relates to a method for producing a melt-moldable tetrafluoroethylene copolymer containing repeating units (a) based on tetrafluoroethylene and repeating units (b) based on another fluoromonomer, wherein the amount of the repeating units (a), based on the total mass of the repeating units (a) and the repeating units (b), is from 97.3 to 99.5 mass %, and the volume flow rate of the copolymer is from 0.1 to 1000 mm3/s; the process including radical suspension-polymerization of tetrafluoroethylene and the fluoromonomer in an aqueous medium in the presence of a radical polymerization initiator and at least one chain transfer agent selected from the group consisting of methane, ethane, a hydrochlorocarbon, a hydrofluorocarbon and a hydrochlorofluorocarbon.

Abstract: Provided are curable fluoroelastomers. Further provided are methods of making the curable elastomers, curable fluoroelastomer compositions and methods of making them and shaped articles made from the curable fluoroelastomer compositions.

Abstract: Provided is an actinic-ray- or radiation-sensitive resin composition including a resin (B) containing at least either a fluorine atom or a silicon atom, the resin (B) containing any of repeating units of general formulae (I-1) and (I-2) below: Wherein each of R1s independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or a halogen atom, X1 represents a bivalent organic group, X2 represents a single bond or a bivalent organic group, each of Ar1s independently represents a monovalent aromatic ring group, Ar2 represents a bivalent aromatic ring group, and each of L's independently represents a single bond or a bivalent organic group.

Abstract: This invention relates to certain photocrosslinkable fluoropolymers, processes for crosslinking the fluoropolymers using UV radiation, and the photocrosslinked fluoropolymers produced.

Abstract: To provide a curable composition which is sufficiently cured even without a heating step at high temperature and from which a low dielectric constant cured film excellent in the solvent resistance is obtained. A curable composition comprising a fluorinated polyarylene prepolymer (A) having a crosslinkable functional group, a compound (B) having a number average molecular weight of from 140 to 5,000, having at least two crosslinkable functional groups and having no fluorine atoms, a copolymer (C) having the following units (c1) and (c2) and a radical polymerization initiator (D): unit (c1): a unit having a fluoroalkyl group having at most 20 carbon atoms, which may have an etheric oxygen atom between carbon atoms, and having no crosslinkable functional group; unit (c2): a unit having a crosslinkable functional group.

Abstract: A fluorinated monomer of cyclic acetal structure has formula (1) wherein R is a C1-C20 alkyl group which may be substituted with halogen or separated by oxygen or carbonyl, and Z is a divalent organic group which forms a ring with alkylenoxy and contains a polymerizable unsaturated group. A polymer derived from the fluorinated monomer may be endowed with appropriate water repellency, water sliding property, lipophilicity, acid lability and hydrolyzability and is useful in formulating a protective coating composition and a resist composition.

Abstract: Obtaining a crosslinked rubber with high flexibility at low temperature includes crosslinking a fluororubber composition. The fluororubber composition includes a fluororubber and a compound of formula (X—)x(Z—)zY. In the formula, X is U—(CF2)aO(CF2CF2O)b—; Z is RFO(CF2CF2O)c—; Y is a (x+z) valent perfluoro saturated hydrocarbon group, optionally interrupted by an etheric oxygen atom; x is an integer of at least 3; z is an integer of at least 0; U is a monovalent group with an unsaturated hydrocarbon, a bromine atom, an iodine atom, or a combination thereof; RF is a C1-20 linear perfluoroalkyl group, optionally interrupted by an etheric oxygen atom; a is an integer of from 0 to 20; b is an integer of from 1 to 200; and c is an integer of from 3 to 200.

Abstract: The present invention provides an ETFE-type copolymer having a high melt tension and excellent blow moldability. An ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer which comprises ethylene units, tetrafluoroethylene units and units of a monomer (A) having at least two copolymerizable double bonds and which has a ratio (X/W) of its melt tension (XmN) to a load (Wkg) applied for the measurement of the melt tension being at least 0.8.

Abstract: Ionic polymers are made from selected partially fluorinated dienes, in which the repeat units are cycloaliphatic. The polymers are formed into membranes.

Abstract: Provided is an ether composition containing at least two ether compounds each of which has from 1 to 4 groups represented by formula (X) and from 0 to 3 groups represented by formula (Z), where the total number of groups represented by formula (X) and (Z) is 4: HO—(CH2CH2O)a.(CH2CH(OH)CH2O)b-Q-??(X), CF3(CF2)sO(CF2CF2O)g—??(Z), where a, b, s, g and Q are defined herein. The ratio (CF3/(OH+CF3)) of the total molar amount of CF3 groups in the groups represented by formula (Z) to the sum of the total molar amount of CF3 groups in the groups represented by formula (Z) and the total molar amount of OH groups in the groups represented by formula (X) is from 0.01 to 0.5.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fluorine-containing polymer aqueous dispersion in which a fluorine-containing polymer is dispersed using, as an emulsifier, a polyfluoroalkylphosphonic acid salt represented by the general formula: CnF2n+1(CH2CF2)a(CF2CF2)b(CH2CH2)cP(O)(OM1)(OM2)??[I], wherein M1 is a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal, an ammonium base, or an organic amine base, M2 is an alkali metal, an ammonium base, or an organic amine base, n is an integer of 1 to 6, a is an integer of 1 to 4, b is an integer of 1 to 3, and c is an integer of 1 to 3. This fluorine-containing polymer aqueous dispersion uses a polyfluoroalkylphosphonic acid salt with a low bioaccumulation potential as an emulsifier, and has excellent mechanical stability.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a telechelic diacrylate fluoropolymer and a process for manufacture of the fluoropolymer. The diacrylate copolymer is of formula CH2?CR?COO—(CH2)n—R—(CH2)n—OOCCR??CH2, wherein R is selected from the group consisting of i) an oligomer comprising copolymerized units of vinylidene fluoride and perfluoro(methyl vinyl ether), ii) an oligomer comprising copolymerized units of vinylidene fluoride and hexafluoropropylene, iii) an oligomer comprising copolymerized units of tetrafluoroethylene and perfluoro(methyl vinyl ether), and iv) an oligomer comprising copolymerized units of tetrafluoroethylene and a hydrocarbon olefin, R? is H or —CH3, n is 1-4 and wherein said oligomer has a number average molecular weight of 1000 to 25,000 daltons.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a crosslinked fluoropolymer network formed by the free radical initiated crosslinking of a diacrylate fluoropolymer The diacrylate copolymer is of formula CH2?CR?COO—(CH2)n—R—(CH2)n—OOCR??CH2, wherein R is selected from the group consisting of i) an oligomer comprising copolymerized units of vinylidene fluoride and perfluoro(methyl vinyl ether), ii) an oligomer comprising copolymerized units of vinylidene fluoride and hexafluoropropylene, iii) an oligomer comprising copolymerized units of tetrafluoroethylene and perfluoro(methyl vinyl ether), and iv) an oligomer comprising copolymerized units of tetrafluoroethylene and a hydrocarbon olefin, R? is H or —CH3, n is 1-4 and wherein said oligomer has a number average molecular weight of 1000 to 25,000 daltons. The source of the free radicals may be a photoinitiator or an organic peroxide.

Abstract: Provided is a fluorine compound represented by the following general formula (1) which has excellent compatibility with a resin and the like, and can be produced into a coating film having excellent stain-proof properties. Also provided is an active energy ray-curable resin composition using the compound. (In the general formula (1), X1 represents a poly(perfluoroalkylene ether) chain; and R1 to R4 independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, following general formula (2) or (3), provided that at least one of R1 and R2 is following general formula (2) or (3) and at least one of R3 and R4 is following general formula (2) or (3).) (In the general formula (2), X2 represents a linear or branched hydrocarbon group; X3 represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom; X4 represents a linear or branched alkylene group; R5 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; and p represents an integer of 1 to 5.) (In the general formula (3), X2, X3, R5 and p are as described above.

Abstract: A polymerization medium having small ozone depletion potential and small global warming potential and having a small chain transfer constant is used, to efficiently produce a fluoropolymer having a high molecular weight and having excellent heat resistance, solvent resistance, chemical resistance, etc. A process for producing a fluoropolymer, which comprises polymerizing a fluoromonomer having a carboxylic acid type functional group and a fluoroolefin using a hydrofluorocarbon as a medium, wherein the hydrofluorocarbon as the medium has 4 to 10 carbon atoms and has a ratio (molar basis) of the number of hydrogen atoms/the number of fluorine atoms (H/F ratio) of from 0.05 to 20.

Abstract: There is provided a material which is free from fading into white due to surface scattering and is useful as a laminated article having excellent adhesion and practical low reflection.