Abstract: A process for producing fluoropolymer particles includes preparing a solution/dispersion containing fluoropolymer dissolved/dispersed in a first solvent such that the swelling of fluoropolymer by the first solvent is from 50 to 1,200%, and mixing the solution/dispersion with a second solvent such that fluoropolymer forms particles and the swelling of fluoropolymer by the mixture of the first and second solvents is from 0 to 100%. WC/WB is in the range of from 1 to 5, WB represents mass of the first solvent, WC/ represents mass of the second solvent, WC/WB represents a ratio of the mass of the second solvent to the mass of the first solvent. SBC/SB is at most 0.5. SBC represents the swelling by the mixture of the first and second solvents, SB represents the swelling by the first solvent, and SBC/SB represents a ratio of the swelling by the mixture to the swelling by the first solvent.

Abstract: A composition comprises a polymer having a first pendant group selected from at least one perfluorinated ether group or perfluoroalkanesulfonamido group, a second pendant group comprising an ammonium group, wherein the second pendant group is free of silicon, and a third pendant group comprising an ammonium group and a reactive silicon-containing group. The polymer and composition are useful for protecting a substrate, for example, to render the substrate oil repellent, water repellent, or both, or to provide stain repellency to the substrate.

Abstract: The present invention includes crosslinked perfluoroelastomeric compositions and molded articles formed from a cross-linkable perfluoroelastomeric composition having a first curable perfluoropolymer having a cure site monomer and a second perfluoropolymer having a cure site monomer. The molar ratio of the tetrafluoroethylene monomer to perfluoroalkylvinyl ether in one perfluoropolymer is about 0 to 100 to about 65 to 35 in the perfluoropolymer. The molar ratio of the tetrafluoroethylene monomer to the perfluoroalkylvinyl ether monomer in the second polymer is about 65:35 to about 95:5 in the second perfluoropolymer. The composition further includes a curative.

Abstract: The invention provides a compound and tautomeric forms thereof having the formula: wherein Rf1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a straight chain, branched secondary or branched tertiary C1-C20 perfluoroalkyl group optionally containing ether or thioether linkages and C1-C10 perfluoroalicyclic group optionally containing ether or thioether groups; Rf2 is a straight or branched C1-C20 perfluoroalkylene group optionally substituted with ether and thiother linkages; and X is selected from the group consisting of fluorine and The invention also provides perfluoroelastomeric compositions cured with the perfluoroimidoylamidines of the invention as well as combinations of perfluoroimidoylamidines and other curing agents.

Abstract: Peroxide curable fluoroelastomer compositions and articles made therefrom are disclosed. The compositions contain 5 to 45 weight percent, based on total weight of all fluoroelastomers present in the composition, of a blend of dynamically cured fluoroelastomer particles in an uncured fluoroelastomer. The compositions are unfilled, but have tensile properties adequate for many end use applications and are particularly useful as seals in semiconductor manufacturing equipment.

Abstract: A polymer is provided comprising a first pendant group selected from at least one of a perfluorinated ether group or a perfluoroalkanesulfonamido group, a second pendant group comprising an ammonium group, wherein the second pendant group is free of silicon, and a third pendant group comprising an ammonium group and a reactive silicon containing group. A composition comprising the polymer is provided. The polymer and composition are useful for protecting a substrate, for example, to render the substrate oil repellent, water repellent, or both, or to provide stain repellency to the substrate.

Abstract: This invention relates to curable fluoroelastomer compositions comprising a) fluoroelastomers having either nitrile, alkyne or azide cure sites and b) fluorinated curatives containing diazide, dinitrile or dialkyne groups for reacting with cure sites on the fluoroelastomer. Fluoroelastomers having azide cure sites form crosslinks with curatives having dinitrile or dialkyne groups. Fluoroelastomers having nitrile or alkyne cure sites form crosslinks with curatives having diazide groups.

Abstract: Oligomers of perfluoro(methyl vinyl ether) with vinylidene fluoride or tetrafluoroethylene are disclosed that contain 40-90 mole percent copolymerized units of vinylidene fluoride or tetrafluoroethylene and 10-60 mole percent copolymerized units of perfluoro(methyl vinyl ether), said oligomers having two functional endgroups and having a number average molecular weight between 1000 and 25,000.

Abstract: To provide a fluorinated compound having an RF group with at most 6 carbon atoms, whereby a fluorinated polymer having a highly durable water/oil repellency can be produced, and an environmental load is little, and a fluorinated polymer having a highly durable water/oil repellency and presenting little environmental load, obtainable by polymerizing such a fluorinated compound. A fluorinated compound represented by the following formula (I) and its polymer: CH2?C(M)COOXPhCOO(CH2)mCrF2r+1??(I) (in the formula (I), M is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or a halogen atom, X is CHR1CH2O or CH2CHR1O, R1 is a C1-4 linear or branched alkyl group or CH2OR2, R2 is a C1-4 linear or branched alkyl group, Ph is a phenylene group, m is an integer of from 1 to 4, and r is an integer of from 1 to 6).

Abstract: A diamine compound of formula (I) is proposed as well as polymers, copolymers, polyamic acids, polyamic acid esters, or polyimides based on such compound.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are polymeric molds that can be used to make molded articles. The polymeric molds are made from cyclic olefin polymers that may be formed by ring opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of a polycyclic monomer having two or more reactive double bonds and a cyclic monomer comprising one reactive double bond. Fluorinated monomers may be used. The polymeric molds may be structured molds in that they have at least one microstructured feature having a dimension of less than about 2 mm, or less than about 500 um. The polymeric molds may also have a plurality of such microstructured features. Also disclosed herein are methods of making the polymeric molds, methods of making molded articles therefrom, and the molded articles.

Abstract: An FEP pellet having a volatile content of 0.2% by weight or less. The FEP pellet satisfies the following requirements (i) and (ii) when used to form a insulating material coating a core wire by extrusion coating at a coating speed of 2,800 ft/min.: (i) an adhesive strength between the insulating material and said core wire of 0.8 kg or more; and (ii) an average number of cone-breaks in the insulating material of one or less per 50,000 feet of the coated core wire.

Abstract: Melt-processible, thermoplastic poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) compositions are disclosed and methods for making and processing same. Additionally, products comprising these compositions are described.

Abstract: The present invention provides new polyimide materials suitable for use in optically transparent fiber composites, ribbon composites, and optical communications applications. The polyimide compounds include monomeric repeat units comprising a fluorinated moiety and a fluorene cardo structure. The polyimides exhibit good optical transparency and have a low absolute thermo-optic coefficient (|dn/dT|).

Abstract: A resist protective coating material is provided comprising a polymer having a partial structure of formula (1) wherein R0 is H, F, alkyl or alkylene, and R1 is fluorinated alkyl or alkylene. In a pattern-forming process, the material forms on a resist film a protective coating which is water-insoluble, dissolvable in alkaline developer and immiscible with the resist film, allowing for effective implementation of immersion lithography. During alkali development, development of the resist film and removal of the protective coating can be simultaneously achieved.

Abstract: A copolymer composition comprising monomers copolymerized in the following percentages by weight: (a) from about 20% to about 95% of a monomer, or mixture of monomers, of formula (I): CnF2n+1(CH2)x[(CF2CF2)y(CH2CH2)z]m-L-C(O)—C(R)?CH2??(I) wherein R is H, Cl, F or CH3, L is O, S, NH, S—(CH2)rO, S—(CH2)rNH, OC(O)NH—CH2CH2O, NHC(O)NHCH2CH2O, S—(CH2)rOC(O)NHCH2CH2O, or S(CH2)rNHC(O)NHCH2CH2O, and (b) from about 5% to about 80% of at least one of: (i) an alkyl (meth)acrylate monomer having a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group of from about 6 to about 18 carbons; or (II) a monomer of formula (II) (R2)2N—R3—O—C(O)—C(R)?CH2??(II) wherein R is H, Cl, F or CH3, each R2 is independently a C1 to C4 alkyl; and R3 is a divalent linear or branched C1 to C4 alkylene; and wherein the nitrogen is from about 40% to 100% salinized; or (iii) a mixture thereof.

Abstract: A crosslinkable polytetrafluoroethylene includes at least one type of reactive functional group selected from a group consisting of a cyano group (—CN) and a first functional group represented by where R1 and R2 are independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, —OR3, —N(R3)2, and —R3, and where R3 is an alkyl group of from 1 to 10 carbon atoms that optionally contains fluorine or is a hydrogen atom. The crosslinkable polytetrafluoroethylene has a melt viscosity of 108 poise or higher.

Abstract: To provide a fluorinated elastic copolymer which is excellent in crosslinking reactivity and extrusion moldability and which is curable to obtain a rubber excellent in permanent compression set resistance, base resistance and oil resistance and particularly suitable as a covering material for electric wires. A fluorinated elastic copolymer obtained by copolymerizing tetrafluoroethylene, propylene and optionally another monomer, wherein the molar ratio (a)/(b) of repeating units (a) derived from tetrafluoroethylene to repeating units (b) derived from propylene in the fluorinated elastic copolymer is from 60/40 to 75/25, and repeating units (c) derived from said another monomer is from 0 to 10 mol % in the fluorinated elastic copolymer.

Abstract: Embodiments in accordance with the present invention provide forming polynorbornenes useful for forming pervaporation membranes, the membranes themselves and methods of making such membranes.

Abstract: A process for the purification of a tetraol PFPE derivative [tetraol (T)] of formula (I): HO—CH2—CH(OH)—CH2—O—CH2—CF2—O—Rf—CF2—CH2O—CH2—CH(OH)—CH2OH, wherein Rf represents a fluoropolyoxyalkene chain (chain Rf), from a mixture (M) of hydroxyl (per)fluoropolyether derivatives, said mixture comprising said tetraol (T) and at least one hydroxyl (per)fluoropolyether [PFPE (OH)] comprising a chain Rf terminated with at least one end group of formula: —CF2CH2OH; —CF2CH2O—CH(OH)—CH2—O—CH2—CH(OH)—CH2OH; said process comprising: step 1: reacting the mixture (M) with ketones and/or aldehydes so as to selectively protect couples of hydroxyl groups on vicinal carbon atoms by forming corresponding cyclic ketal/acetal derivatives, so as to yield a protected mixture (P); step 2: reacting residual hydroxyl groups of the mixture (P) with suitable functionalizing agents enabling substantial volatility modification, so as to obtain a functionalized protected mixture (Pf); step 3: fractional distillation of the mixture (Pf) so a

Abstract: Oligomers of perfluoro(methyl vinyl ether) with vinylidene fluoride or tetrafluoroethylene are disclosed that contain 40-90 mole percent copolymerized units of vinylidene fluoride or tetrafluoroethylene and 10-60 mole percent copolymerized units of perfluoro(methyl vinyl ether), said oligomers having two functional endgroups and having a number average molecular weight between 1000 and 25,000.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a process for preparing compounds of formula (I-A) or (I-B) here below: by reaction of perfluoroallylfluorosulfate (FAFS) of formula (II): with at least one hypofluorite of formula (II-A) or (II-B): wherein: RF in formulae (I-A) and (II-A) is a monovalent fluorocarbon C1-C20 group, optionally comprising oxygen catenary atoms, optionally comprising functional groups comprising heteroatoms (e.g. —SO2F groups); R?F in formulae (I-B) and (II-B) is a divalent fluorocarbon C1-C6 group, preferably a group of formula wherein X1 and X2, equal to or different from each other, are independently a fluorine atom or a C1-C3 fluorocarbon group. The FAFS-hypofluorite adducts of formulae (I-A) and (I-B) can be produced with high selectivity so as to access useful intermediates which can further be reacted taking advantage of the un-modified fluorosulfate group chemistry.

Abstract: A polymerization process for producing a tetra-fluoroethylene copolymer, and the copolymer produced thereby, are provided. The copolymer is of the dispersion/fine powder type and contains polymerized tetrafluoroethylene monomer units and co-polymerized higher homologous comonomer units having the formula (CnF(2n+1))CH?CH2, wherein 6?n<10, in which the primary particles are believed to have a core and shell structure and the polymerized comonomer units are present in an amount from 0.01 mol % to 0.3 mol %, based upon total copolymer composition. The copolymer has a raw dispersion primary particle size (RDPS) of less than 0.210 microns coupled with a standard specific gravity (SSG) of less than 2.143. Preferably the copolymer has comonomer units present in an amount from 0.05 mol % and 0.25 mol % and the RDPS is within the range between 0.178 microns and 0.200 microns, coupled with a SSG of less than 2.140.

Abstract: A solid polymer electrolyte material made of a copolymer comprising a repeating unit based on a fluoromonomer A which gives a polymer having an alicyclic structure in its main chain by radical polymerization, and a repeating unit based on a fluoromonomer B of the following formula (1): CF2?CF(Rf)jSO2X??(1) wherein j is 0 or 1, X is a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom or OM {wherein M is a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal atom or a group of NR1R2R3R4 (wherein each of R1, R2, R3 and R4 which may be the same or different, is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group)}, and Rf is a C1-20 polyfluoroalkylene group having a straight chain or branched structure which may contain ether oxygen atoms.

Abstract: Photocurable fluorine compound, compatible with non-fluorine organic compounds, of formula (1), wherein: a is 1-4, b is 0-3, c is 1-4, provided that a+b+c is 3-5; e is 2-8; R1 has formula (2), (C4H8O)f(C3H6O)g(C2H4O)h(CH2O)iR3??(2) wherein f, g, h, and i are independently 0-100, and R1 has an MW of 30-3000, these repeating units may be sequenced at random, and R3 is C1-10 hydrocarbon; R2 is independently H, F, CH3, or CF3; Rf is a perfluoropolyether residue represented by the following formula (3), wherein j, k, l, and m are independently of each other integers of 0 to 50, provided that a molecular weight of Rf is in a range of 200 to 6000, X is F or CF3, and these repeating units may be sequenced at random; Z is a divalent organic group; and d is 0 or 1.

Abstract: Polymer ion-exchange membranes having outstanding electrical conductivity, water retention and oxidation resistance are produced by the steps of uniformly mixing an organic high-molecular weight resin with functional inorganics having the abilities to promote graft polymerization of polymerizable monomers, adsorb water and conduct protons, irradiating the resulting functional inorganics/polymer membrane to initiate graft polymerization or graft copolymerization of polymerizable monomers having functional groups, and then introducing sulfonic acid groups into the graft chains.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fluorene-based resin polymer, and a photosensitive resin composition including the same, and the fluorene-based resin polymer according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention has a high molecular weight, a low acid value, and excellent developing property, adhesive property and stability.

Abstract: To provide a fluorinated compound having an RF group with at most 6 carbon atoms, whereby a fluorinated polymer having a highly durable water/oil repellency can be produced, and an environmental load is little, and a fluorinated polymer having a highly durable water/oil repellency and presenting little environmental load, obtainable by polymerizing such a fluorinated compound. A fluorinated compound represented by the following formula (I) and its polymer: CH2?C(M)COO(CH2)nPhXPhZCrF2r+1??(I) (in the formula (I), M is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or a halogen atom, n is an integer of from 0 to 2, Ph is a phenylene group, X is CH2O or OCH2, Z is a single bond, a C1-4 alkylene group containing an etheric oxygen atom, or COO(CH2)m (wherein m is an integer of from 1 to 4), and r is an integer of from 1 to 6).

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method to produce a semi-crystalline fluoro-polymer film. A semi-crystalline fluoro-polymer material is used. The material is compressed to produce the film. During compression, the material is maintained at a temperature below the melting point of the material. The compression step can be cycled to allow cooling of the material between compression stages. Alternative methods are provided for compressing the material with a co-extrusion substrate, extruding the material and utilizing mandrel expansion for the material.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are novel fluoroolefins of formula Rf—O—(CF2CF2)n(CH2CF2)m—CH?CH2, wherein n is 1 or 2, m is 0 or 1 and Rf is a C1-C8 fluoroalkyl or fluoroalkoxy group. The fluoroolefins may be oxidized to manufacture fluorinated carboxylic acids. Also disclosed are fluoropolymers comprising copolymerized units of the fluoroolefins of the invention and at least one other fluoromonomer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fluorine-containing polymer obtained by polymerizing a 1,6-diene-type ether compound represented by formula [1] and, for example, a (meth)acrylic acid compound represented by formula [2]. The fluorine-containing polymer shows high transparency, has a high glass transition point, and is soluble in a solvent and therefore has moldability. In the case where a (meth)acrylic unit has a reactive substituent, by utilizing the crosslinking reaction thereof, a thin film having high solvent resistance can be produced. In formulae [1] and [21, R1 and R2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, which may be substituted, R3 represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, or a methyl group, and R4 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, which may be substituted, or an aromatic group having 5 to 10 ring members, which may be substituted.

Abstract: An intermediate transfer media, such as a belt, that includes a polyaniline grafted to or chemically bonded to a perfluoropolyether phosphoric acid polymer.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing elastomer composition assuring a low compression set and comprising a perfluoroelastomer (A) comprising (a) 18 to 33% by mole of a perfluoro(alkyl vinyl ether) unit, (b) 0.3 to 0.6% by mole of a monomer unit having at least one selected from the group consisting of a nitrile group, a carboxyl group and an alkoxycarbonyl group and (c) a tetrafluoroethylene unit.

Abstract: A fluorocopolymer capable of exhibiting excellent water and oil resistance even with its perfluoroalkyl group being a short chain, and a water and oil proofing composition containing it, are provided. A water and oil proofing composition containing a fluorocopolymer (A) comprising from 40 to 98 mass % of polymerized units (a?) having a C1-6 perfluoroalkyl group, from 1 to 50 mass % of polymerized units (b?) having an alkylene oxide and from 1 to 10 mass % of polymerized units (c?) based on a monomer represented by CH2?C(COOH)-Q-COOH (wherein Q is a C1-4 alkylene group, etc.).

Abstract: Cationic poly(ester ether amide)s (PEEAs) and compositions comprising PEEAs and biomolecules such as nucleic acids and proteins. Also, a method for intracellular delivery of biomolecules using complexes of the PEEAs and biomolecules. For example, PEEAs can be used as transfection agents for nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fluorine-containing unsaturated carboxylic acid represented by formula (1), wherein R1 represents a polymerizable double-bond containing group, R3 represents a fluorine atom or fluorine-containing alkyl group, and W represents a bivalent linking group. This compound can provide a fluorine-containing polymer compound that has a weight-average molecular weight of 1,000-1,000,000 and contains a repeating unit represented by formula (2), wherein R3 and W are defined as above, each of R4, R5 and R6 independently represents a hydrogen atom, fluorine atom or monovalent organic group, at least two of R4, R5 and R6 may be combined to form a ring. This polymer compound can provide a chemically amplified resist composition that is transparent to KrF or ArF excimer laser light and has a high resolution and is capable of forming a pattern having a rectangular section with no swelling.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fluorine-containing elastomer having a copolymerization composition containing (A) 72.8 to 74.0 mol % of tetrafluoroethylene, (B) 26.8 to 24.0 mol % of perfluoro(lower alkyl vinyl ether) or perfluoro(lower alkoxy-lower alkyl vinyl ether), and (C) 0.2 to 3.0 mol % of a perfluoro unsaturated nitrile compound, and having a Mooney viscosity ML1+10(121° C.) of 70 to 115. The fluorine-containing elastomer is compounded with a bisamidoxime compound, which is used as a vulcanizing agent, in an amount of 0.2 to 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the fluorine-containing elastomer to form a fluorine-containing elastomer composition. The vulcanizate of the composition, even when used under plasma irradiation conditions or at temperatures as high as 300° C., can prevent weight loss caused by plasma irradiation and exhibits excellent heat resistance at temperatures as high as 300° C. or more.

Abstract: A production method of fluorinated compounds, for producing a compound represented by formula (3) in a fluorine-based solution in a flow of fluorine gas after reaction of at least one type of compounds represented by formula (1) and at least one type of compounds represented by formula (2). Similarly, fluorinated compounds represented by formula (4) prepared by the fluorination of compounds obtained by the reaction of formula (1) and formula (2)?. The fluorinated polymers obtained by the polymerizations of formula (3) and (4) compounds are useful as an optical or electrical materials. wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, Rff1, Rff2, Rff3, Rff4, X, Y, Z, and n are defined in the specification respectively.

Abstract: A water/oil repellent composition which imparts sufficient dynamic water repellency and post-air-drying water repellency to a surface of an article and has a low environmental impact; a method for producing the composition; and a method of treating an article. The water/oil repellent composition contains: a copolymer which has a mass average molecular weight of at least 40,000 and includes structural units based on monomer (a), monomer (b), and monomer (c); and a medium. Monomer (a) is a compound represented by (Z—Y)nX, wherein Z is a C1-6 polyfluoroalkyl group, Y is a bivalent organic group, n is 1 or 2, and X is a polymerizable unsaturated group. Monomer (b) is an olefin, a homopolymer of which has a glass transition temperature of at most 50° C. Monomer (c) is a (meth)acrylate having no polyfluoroalkyl group and having a C12-30 alkyl group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polymeric compositions useful in the manufacture of biocompatible medical devices. More particularly, the present invention relates to certain cationic monomers capable of polymerization to form polymeric compositions having desirable physical characteristics useful in the manufacture of ophthalmic devices. The polymer compositions comprise polymerized fluorinated polyether monomer end-capped with ethylenically unsaturated cationic hydrophilic groups.

Abstract: A diamine compound of formula (I) is proposed as well as polymers, copolymers, polyamic acids, polyamic acid esters, or polyimides based on such compound.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing polymer of the present invention contains a repeating unit (a) of the general formula (2) and has a mass-average molecular weight of 1,000 to 1,000,000. This polymer is suitably used in a resist composition for pattern formation by high energy ray radiation of 300 nm or less wavelength or electron beam radiation or a top coat composition for liquid immersion lithography and is characterized as having high water repellency, notably high receding contact angle. In the formula, R1 represents a polymerizable double bond-containing group; R2 represents a fluorine atom or a fluorine-containing alkyl group; R8 represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group or the like; and W1 represents a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted methylene group or the like.

Abstract: Fluoroalcohol compounds of formula (1) are useful in producing polymers which are used as the base resin to formulate radiation-sensitive resist compositions having transparency to radiation having a wavelength of up to 500 nm and improved development characteristics. R1 is hydrogen or a monovalent C1-C20 hydrocarbon group in which any constituent —CH2— moiety may be replaced by —O— or —C(?O)—, Aa is a (k1+1)-valent C1-C20 hydrocarbon or fluorinated hydrocarbon group, and k1 is 1, 2 or 3.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide an organic silicon compound which has a vinyl group more reactive than those of the conventional organic silicon compounds and can be bonded with another compound. The present organic silicon compound is represented by the following formula (1), wherein R1 is, independently of each other, a vinyl group or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R2 is an alkylene group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, and R3 is, independently of each other, a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and optionally substituted with one or more fluorine atoms.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of removing and preventing water and condensate blocks in wells by contacting a subterranean formation with a composition comprising a low molecular weight fluorinated copolymer having perfluoro alkyl moieties which are no longer than C6. A fluorinated copolymer of low molecular weight of about 50,000 g/mol and a method of preparing the same are also disclosed.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing polymer obtained using a 1,6-diene ether compound represented by formula [1] is a high-performance polymer exhibiting a low refractive index, high glass transition point, a high degree of transparency, and solubility in solvents. There are many potential uses, such as use as a coating material or bulk material. For example, said polymer could be effectively used in high-tech fields such as: optical materials such as low-reflection films and optical waveguide cladding; semiconductor materials such as pellicles and resists in semiconductor lithography; and protective film materials, insulating film materials, and water-repellent materials. (In the formula, R1 represents a C6-18 aryl group or a C1-12 alkyl group, which may be substituted.

Abstract: A catalyst composition comprising a cation and an anion of the formula Anq?Qpm+, wherein m, n, p, and q are positive integers, wherein m*p=n*q, wherein Qm+ is an organo onium, and Aq? is an anion, provided that at least one Aq? is selected from the formula (I) wherein each R independently is H, halo, alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, or cycloalkyl, and which also may be halogenated, fluorinated, or perfluorinated, wherein two or more of R and R? groups may together form a ring, wherein each R group independently may contain one or more heteroatom(s), wherein R? can be the same as R, with the proviso that R? cannot be halo, and wherein the catalyst composition is essentially free of hydrocarbon containing alcohol.

Abstract: Embodiments in accordance with the present invention provide for the use of polycycloolefins in electronic devices and more specifically to the use of such polycycloolefins as interlayers applied to fluoropolymer layers used in the fabrication of electronic devices, the electronic devices that encompass such polycycloolefin interlayers and processes for preparing such polycycloolefin interlayers and electronic devices.

Abstract: A crosslinkable fluorine-containing compound, which is an adduct compound having a crosslinkable group, wherein the adduct compound is an adduct of a fluorine-containing compound having, per molecule, 2 or more terminal fluorine-containing vinyl groups each directly bonded to an oxygen atom, and a compound having 2 or more groups represented by —XH, where X represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom.

Abstract: A process comprising polymerizing tetrafluoroethylene in an aqueous emulsion in the presence of a non-telogenic surfactant having an anionic portion with the general formula (I): Rf—O-L-CO2—??(I) wherein Rf is selected from a partially fluorinated alkyl group, a perfluorinated alkyl group, a partially fluorinated alkyl group interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms, and a perfluorinated alkyl group interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms, wherein Rf has from 1 to 10 carbon atoms; and L is an alkylene group having the general formula (CX2)n wherein each X is independently selected from Rf, fluorine, and hydrogen and n is selected from 1 to 5, with the proviso that the surfactant contains at least one unit selected from a —CH2— unit and a —CHF— unit. Also provided are aqueous dispersions comprising these surfactants and methods of coating substrates with the aqueous dispersions.