Abstract: Compounds containing at least one cyanate group, at least one maleimide group and at least one mesogenic or rodlike moiety are prepared by reacting one or more aminophenols containing one or more mesogenic or rodlike moieties with a stoichimetric quantity of a maleic anhydride per amine group of said aminophenol and then cyanating the resulting phenolic functional maleimide.

Abstract: A curable composition, the cure of which can be monitored optically, comprises at least one of a hydride curable silicone, an ethylenically unsaturated compound, and a cationically polymerizable monomer, and as cure monitor dibenzofulvene or derivatives thereof. The cure monitor is a latent fluorophore which reacts under the cure conditions to form a UV-detectable fluorophore.The invention also provides a method for measuring degree of cure of a polymeric material which can be a coating or an article.

Abstract: Thiophene derivatives of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are certain specified substituent groups can be homopolymerized or copolymerized to form polymers which are electroconductive. These polymers find many uses, for example, as EMI/RF shielding materials, in electrochromic display systems, as antistatics, as ion and pH sensors, as battery electrode materials etc.

Abstract: Electrically conductive polythiophene and its derivatives are prepared by polymerizing compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently hydrogen, R.sup.3, --OR.sup.3 or --SR.sup.3 ; and R.sup.3 is aryl of 6 to 12 carbons or aliphatic of 1 to 12 carbons; comprising reacting the compound of formula I in the presence of an initiator, the initiator comprising a 2-substituted thiophene nucleus which has a lower oxidation potential than the compound of formula I and which is capable of being incorporated into the polymer resulting from the polymerization reaction; a chemical oxidant or an applied electrochemical potential; and a non-aqueous organic solvent.

Abstract: Thermosettable vinyl ester compositions are prepared from an advanced epoxy resin containing a mesogenic or rodlike moiety and a monounsaturated monocarboxylic acid and, optionally, a monoepoxide compound. These vinyl ester compounds can be mixed with polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomers which can, if desired, contain a mesogenic or rigid rodlike moiety.

Abstract: A radical polymerizable composition comprising(A) a compound having a pi-electron conjugated structure and(B) a radical polymerizable compound, which is useful for molding into an arbitrary shape, which can be rendered electrically conductive and which is, therefore, useful as a material for electrodes or circuits in the electrical and electronic industry.

Abstract: Polymers which are soluble in water and are electrically conductive. The monomer repeat unit is a thiophene or pyrrole molecule having an alkyl group substituted for the hydrogen atom located in the beta position of the thiophene or pyrrole ring and having a surfactant molecule at the end of the alkyl chain. Polymers of this class having 8 or more carbon atoms in the alkyl chain exhibit liquid crystalline behavior, resulting in high electrical anisotropy. The monomer-to-monomer bonds are located between the carbon atoms which are adjacent to the sulfur or nitrogen atoms. The number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group may vary from 1 to 20 carbon atoms. The surfactant molecule consists of a sulfonate group, or a sulfate group, or a carboxylate group, and hydrogen or an alkali metal. Negative ions from a supporting electrolyte which may be used in the electrochemical synthesis of a polymer may be incorporated into the polymer during the synthesis and serve as a dopant to increase the conductivity.

Abstract: Antithrombogenic and antibiotic composition of matter and method of preparation thereof. A random copolymer of a component of garlic and a biocompatible polymer has been prepared and found to exhibit antithrombogenic and antibiotic properties. Polymerization occurs selectively at the vinyl moiety in 2-vinyl-4H-1,3-dithiin when copolymerized with N-vinyl pyrrolidone.

Abstract: The subject of the invention is mainly an electrically conductive polymer containing repeated units derived from 3-alkythiophenes in which the alkyl substituent contains from six to nine carbon atoms.The invention also relates to a process for manufacturing these polymers and to electroconductive devices containing them.

Abstract: New polymers comprising repeat units represented by the formula ##STR1## where R is a hydrogen or a halogen atom, a cyanide group or an alkyl group,R1, R2 and R3 are identical or different, and each denotes a hydrogen or a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group or an alkoxycarbonyl group,R4 is a hydrogen atom or a divalent radical,A denotes the atoms required for completing a mononuclear or dinuclear aromatic ring system andm is 2 or 3,are used as binders in positive-working, radiation-sensitive recording materials.

Abstract: A thiophene derivative polymer comprising repeating units of the formula: ##STR1## (wherein R stands for one member selected from the group consisting of ##STR2## and a polymer composition having the polymer doped with an anion and consequently possessing a semiconducting characteristic.

Abstract: Water-soluble sulfonium salts are converted, without the elimination of odorous volatile by-products, to water-insoluble products useful as binders in coating formulations by heating a water-soluble cyclic sulfonium salt in which the sulfonium sulfur is bonded only to aliphatic carbons.

Abstract: Polymers which are soluble in water and are electrically conductive. The monomer repeat unit is a thiophene or pyrrole molecule having an alkyl group substituted for the hydrogen atom located in the beta position of the thiophene or pyrrole ring and having a surfactant molecule at the end of the alkyl chain. Polymers of this class having 8 or more carbon atoms in the alkyl chain exhibit liquid crystalline behavior, resulting in high electrical anisotropy. The monomer-to-monomer bonds are located between the carbon atoms which are adjacent to the sulfur or nitrogen atoms. The number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group may vary from 1 to 20 carbon atoms. The surfactant molecule consists of a sulfonate group, or a sulfate group, or a carboxylate group, and hydrogen or an alkali metal. Negative ions from a supporting electrolyte which may be used in the electrochemical synthesis of a polymer may be incorporated into the polymer during the synthesis and serve as a dopant to increase the conductivity.

Abstract: A thiophene derivative polymer comprising repeating units of the formula: ##STR1## (wherein R stands for one member selected from the group consisting of ##STR2## and a polymer composition having the polymer doped with an anion and consequently possessing a semiconducting characteristic.

Abstract: Polymerization of acetylenic monomers is achieved by using a catalyst which is the reaction product of a tungsten compound and a reducing agent effective to reduce W(VI) to W(III and/or IV), e.g., WCl.sub.6.(organo-Li, organo-Mg or polysilane). The resultant silylated polymers are of heretofore unachievable high molecular weight and can be used as precursors to a wide variety of new acetylenic polymers by application of substitution reactions.

Abstract: Heterocyclic styryl compounds are prepared by condensing nitrogen heterocyclic compounds such as trimethyl pyridine with dialdehydes and heterocyclic aldehydes such as furfural. These can be further reacted and chain extended with bismaleimides or p olymaleimides. The compounds and their reaction products are useful to make heat resistant composites with various fibers such as graphite fibers.

Abstract: An electrically conducting organic material for use on battery electrodes and the like, which comprises a polymer optionally doped with an n- or p-type dopant, wherein the polymer contains along its backbone at least one .pi.-conjugated linear unit of formula (i), wherein A is a divalent optionally-substituted conjugated organic cyclic group containing a .pi.-conjugated sequence of single bonds and at least two double bonds; B is a tetravalent optionally-substituted conjugated organic cyclic group containing a .pi.-conjugated sequence of single bonds and at least one double bond; A and B have the same molecular and structural formula except that they contain a different configuration of double and single bonds; Y is a trivalent group containing m linking atoms between adjacent groups A and B where m is an odd number from 1 to 11, provided that when Y contains more than one linking atom between said adjacent groups, the linking atoms form a .pi.

Abstract: Disclosed are a five-membered heterocyclic compound polymer substantially constituted of repeat units represented by the following general formula: ##STR1## and a process for preparing the five-membered heterocyclic compound polymer described above by electrolytic oxidation of a monomer represented by the following formula in the presence of a supporting electrolyte and a solvent: ##STR2## The five-membered heterocyclic compound polymer of the present invention is high in electric conductivity and stable in the air. This polymer is, therefore, utilized for electronic materials, display materials and coating materials for electric conductive substances.

Abstract: Disclosed is an image-forming material having a high sensitivity to high-energy beams and excellent in dry etching resistance, heat stability and resolution which comprises a copolymer containing a total of 1 to 99 mole-% of at least one of recurring structural units represented by the following formulas [A] and [A'] and 1 to 99 mole-% of at least one recurring structural unit represented by the following formula [B] and having a number-average molecular weight of 500 to 1,000,000: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 of the formulas [A] and [A'] represents a hydrogen or halogen atom, or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, the substituent groups R.sub.

Abstract: A 3-n-alkylthiophene polymer of the general formula: ##STR1## (wherein n stands for an integer in the range of 5 to 11 and m for an integer in the range of 80 to 350) and a composition containing this polymer.

Abstract: Oxime sulfonates of formula I ##STR1## wherein Y is a polymerizable unsaturated group or epoxide group or an --OH, --NHR.sup.5, --COOH, COOR.sup.6, --COCl, --CH.sub.2 Hal, --SO.sub.2 Cl or --NCO group, Z is an (x+y)-valent connecting member, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are monovalent organic radicals, m is 0 or 1, x is 1 or 2 and y is 1 or 2, can be converted into polymers which can be thermally or photochemically dissociated to form free sulfonic acid groups. Said polymers can therefore be used as photoresists which can be developed with aqueous alkalis.

Abstract: Essentially colorless, hydrophilic ligand-releasing polymers are prepared from ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable monomers represented by the structure: ##STR1## wherein R' is hydrogen or lower alkyl, COUP is a photographic color coupling moiety, LINK is a coupling-off group which can be cleaved by an oxidized developer composition, and LIG is a ligand capable of complexing with metal ions, while joined to the polymer, to form a dye. These polymers also have recurring units which impart hydrophilicity to the polymer. These polymers form metal complex dyes in unexposed areas of photographic elements only, while the ligand is cleaved from the polymer in the exposed areas and washed out of the element.

Abstract: Highly conjugated, soluble polymers are prepared by ring opening polymerization of cyclobutenes of the formula: ##STR1## where R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are individually selected from H, alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, alkoxy of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, phenyl or R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are combined into a divalent CR.sup.5, O, N=R or S group where R.sup.5 is H, alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms or alkoxy of 1 to 4 carbon atoms with a mild ring opening olefin metathesis catalyst such as a metal carbene. Random copolymers or block copolymers may also be prepared with comonomers capable of olefin metathesis polymerization such as norbornene or cyclopentene.

Abstract: Polymers comprising recurring units having cyclic .beta.-elimination moieties capable of undergoing .beta.-elimination in an alkaline environment and are disclosed for use in diffusion control layers in diffusion transfer photographic products.

Abstract: Thioxanthone carboxylic acid esters, thioesters and amides with reactive functional groups of the formula ##STR1## in which X, Y, Z, n and Q are as defined in the patent claim and Q is, for example, --OCH.dbd.CH.sub.2, --OCH.sub.2 CH.dbd.CH.sub.2, --SCH.sub.2 CH.dbd.CH.sub.2 or --NHCH.sub.2 CH.dbd.CH.sub.2 (n=1), --OH, --SH, --NH.sub.2, --COOH, --COCl or --OCO--C(R").dbd.CH.sub.2, in which R" is methyl or hydrogen (n=2), are suitable for the preparation of polymers with thioxanthone radicals in side chains. The compounds (I) and also the polymers which can be prepared therefrom can be employed as sensitizers for photocrosslinkable polymers or as initiators, if desired in a mixture with amines, for the photopolymerization of ethylenically unsaturated compounds or for the photochemical crosslinking of polyolefines.

Abstract: Polymerizable monomeric carbamates are disclosed. Polymers comprising recurring units from such carbamates undergo .beta.-elimination in an alkaline environment and are useful in diffusion control layers in diffusion transfer photographic products.

Abstract: A linear poly(3-alkyl-2,5-thienylene) polymer having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R represents a lower alkyl group and n is 20 to 100. The polymer can be used to provide a semiconductor. A method for making the polymer comprises reacting 3-alkyl-2,5-dihalogenated thiophene with magnesium in an inert solvent in the substantial absence of water, in the presence of a nickel compound as a catalyst in an inert atmosphere.

Abstract: Novel polymers having high activity as cationic surface-active agents are prepared by the addition polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated aromatic sulfonium salts, e.g., ##STR1## When such polymers are heated and/or dried, they are irreversibly converted to inert, nonionic residues without the elimination of odorous by-products. The novel sulfonium salt polymers having relatively low molecular weight and low charge density are particularly useful as surfactants or emulsifiers in the emulsion polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers such as styrene, butadiene, alkyl acrylates and the like. The polymers having high molecular weight and high charge density are useful as thickeners and flocculants.

Abstract: Photocrosslinkable polymers which have a mean molecular weight of not less than 5,000 and contain, in side chains, thioxanthone groupings of the formula ##STR1## and, in side chains, imidyl groupings of the formula ##STR2## in which X, Y, Z, n, G.sub.1 and G.sub.2 are as defined in the patent claim, are suitable for the production of highly light-sensitive image materials, for the production of printing plates for the offset printing process and in particular as so-called photoresists for the production of printed circuits. The thioxanthone groupings (I) act as sensitizers for the photocrosslinkable groups of the polymer, so that it is not necessary to add further sensitizers.

Abstract: A polymerized resin capable, upon electronic irradiation, of undergoing a cross-linking completing the polymerization and rendering it insoluble in certain solvents. Such a negative resin is ten times more sensitive to electrons than the best known resin. It is obtained by copolymerization of an epithiopropylmethacrylate: ##STR1## and of a vinyl monomer such as methyl methacrylate.

Abstract: A resin crosslinkable by electron or photon irradiation (gamma rays, X-rays or ultraviolet rays), which is (after crosslinking) very stable under the action of ambient light and heat. It contains a substance the chemical formula of which comprises a thietane ring: ##STR1## notably a compound of the methacrylic ester polymer type wherein the monomer has the general formula: ##STR2## wherein n may be zero or equal to an integer from 1 to 10. The process for using such a resin consists of dissolving it in a solvent, then applying a thin layer of the solution on the object to be coated and finally treating the coating by irradiation.

Abstract: A family of negative resins, capable of undergoing crosslinking under the effect of more or less energetic photons (gamma radiation, X-rays, ultraviolet or visible light), applicable to the protection of objects against atmospheric agents and to the production of masks of the type used in the production of integrated circuits. The typical compound according to the invention contains at least one substance of which the chemical formula comprises a thiirane ring: ##STR1## such as 2,3-epithiopropyl methacrylate copolymerized with a vinyl monomer, such as methyl methacrylate. Crosslinking is facilitated by photoinitiators, such as aryl diazonium and aryl iodonium salts liberating Lewis acids. By selecting the photoinitiator, it is possible to act on the spectral region where irradiation is effective.

Abstract: Processes for increasing the molecular weight of bis-maleimides are provided. The bis-maleimides are reacted with certain cyclic dienes to form reversible adducts. These adducts, upon elimination of the cyclic diene, yield an extension of the bis-maleimides to higher molecular weight polymers, ultimately to thermally stable, infusible polymers. The process can be interrupted to yield tractable polymers which are also convertible to cross-linked, infusible products. Modifications of the process include preparing the adducts in the presence of aprotic solvents as well as Bronsted acid salt catalysts, and the isolation of intermediate solid products.