Abstract: Fluorescent monomers are described and claimed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes for making polymers from at least one tertiary amino-containing monomer and at least one vinyl-functional monomer, while controlling residual monomers and avoiding production of Michael addition adducts. The process employs one or more of the following steps to avoid such adducts, maintaining at least one tertiary amino-containing monomer and at least one vinyl-functional monomer separate until the polymerization reaction, maintaining the at least one tertiary amino-containing monomer and at least one vinyl-functional monomer free of water until the polymerization reaction, and employing high temperatures for the polymerization reaction. The polymers are useful in personal care products, fabric detergent, hand dishwashing detergent, oil well treating chemicals, fire-fighting foam, agricultural chemicals, flocculants, coagulants, and household cleaners.

Abstract: Water-soluble polymers of Formula Useful comprising from about 0.001 to about 10.0 mole percent of a Repeating Mer Unit represented by the formula: wherein a is an integer of from 1 to 10, R1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and methyl groups, R2 and R3 are methyl groups, and R9 is selected from the group consisting of NH and O; and TAG is a fluorescing moiety; are described and claimed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cyclic dione polymer, which is a homopolymer or a copolymer of a cyclic dione monomer selected from those represented by formulae (I) and (II) wherein A and B may be the same or different and are independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, hydrogen, C3-20 cyclic or pericyclic alkyl, C1-20 linear and branched alkyl, C6-20 aryl, C7-20 arylalkyl, C7-20 alkylaryl, silyl, alkylsilyl, germyl, alkylgermyl, alkoxycarbonyl, acyl, and a heterocylic group; or, A and B are linked together to form a C3-20 saturated or unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbon group or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group; C is selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur, —CH2—, and —SiH2—, wherein each R1 is independently selected from C1-20 alkyl and phenyl.

Abstract: Copolymers containing repeating units polymerized from at least one polycyclic monomer and at least one acrylic monomer are disclosed. The copolymer is formed by addition polymerization in the presence of a Group VIII transition metal catalyst. The copolymers contain hydrocarbyl and/or functional substituents pendant from the polymer backbone. In one embodiment the copolymer contains pendant ester substituents containing acid labile groups. The copolymers are useful as resist materials that are sensitive to imaging radiation.

Abstract: Activation of ruthenium based catalyst compounds with acid to improve reaction rates and yields of olefin metathesis reactions, including ROMP, RCM, ADMET and cross-metathesis reactions is disclosed. The ruthenium catalyst compounds are ruthenium carbene complexes of the general formula AxLyXzRu═CHR′ where x=0, 1 or 2, y=0, 1 or 2, and z=1 or 2 and where R′ is hydrogen or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl, L is any neutral electron donor, X is any anionic ligand, and A is a ligand having a covalent structure connecting a neutral electron donor and an anionic ligand. The use of acid with these catalysts allows for reactions with a wide range of olefins in a variety of solvents, including acid-initiated RIM processes and living ROMP reactions of water-soluble monomers in water.

Abstract: The present patent of invention describes the obtention of lasers in solid condition of dyes of the family of Rhodamines. More particularly, it describes lasers in which said dye or chromophore is to be found covalently anchored to a solid matrix, consisting in a transparent organic polymer and suficiently stable to the pumping radiation. Its application is the production of the laser emittance by an organic dye in a solid matrix and polymers containing rhodamines.

Abstract: A copolymer having low birefringence substantially consisting of a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (1) and a repeating unit of a (meth)acrylate: wherein, R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 25 carbon atoms, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group or a substituted hydrocarbon group.). This copolymer has low birefringence and low hydrophilia, is excellent in transparency, heat-resistance and mechanical strength, and can be applied to lenses, optical disks, optical fibers and the like.

Abstract: Novel silicon-containing polymer compounds, based on cyclic olefins. These polymer compounds can be used as photoresist materials and because they are transparent to radiation in the spectral range from 193 to 13 nm, which is highly energetic and strongly attenuated, are particularly advantageous as refractory bilayer photoresist materials for semiconductor wafer patterning processes that employ deep ultraviolet (DUV) and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiation.

Abstract: This invention relates to (co)polymers which contain at least one repeat chain unit of the general formula (1) or (2) and optionally contain repeat units of the general formula (3) in which L1 and L2 mean a photoluminescent residue, wherein the proportion of structural units of the formulae (1) and/or (2) is in each case 0.5 to 100 mol. %, and (3) 0 to 99.5 mol. %, and the molar percentages add up to 100, to the use thereof for the production of electroluminescent devices and to the electroluminescent devices.

Abstract: A polymer having the formula wherein M1 and M2 signify monomer units for homo- or copolymers. “x” and “y” indicate the mole fractions of the comonomers, with in each case 0<x≦1 and 0≦y<1 and x+y=1. The symbol “p” signifies 4 to 30,000 and “S1” and “S2” signify spacer units. “Q1” signifies a structural unit of the formula —A—(Z1—B)z—Z2— and “Q2” signifies a structural unit of the formula —A—(Z1—B)zR1. “A” and “B” each independently signify pyridine-2,5-diyl, pyrimidine-2,5-diyl, 1,4—Cyclohexylene,1,3-dioxane-2,5-diyl or optionally substituted 1,4-phenylene.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a cross-linking monomer for a photoresist polymer represented by following Chemical Formula 1: <Chemical Formula 1> wherein, V represents CH2, CH2CH2, oxygen or sulfur; Y is selected from the group consisting of straight or branched C1-10 alkyl, oxygen, and straight or branched C1-10 ether; R′ and R″ individually represent H or CH3; i is a number of 1 to 5; and n is a number of 0 to 3; and a process for preparing a photoresist copolymer comprising the same.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cyclic dione polymer, which is a homopolymer or a copolymer of a cyclic dione monomer selected from those represented by formulae (I) and (II) wherein A and B may be the same or different and are independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, hydrogen, C3-20 cyclic or pericyclic alkyl, C1-20 linear and branched alkyl, C6-20 aryl, C7-20 arylalkyl, C7-20 alkylaryl, silyl, alkylsilyl, germyl, alkylgermyl, alkoxycarbonyl, acyl, and a heterocylic group; or, A and B are linked together to form a C3-20 saturated or unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbon group or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group; C is selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur, wherein each R1 is independently selected from C1-20 alkyl and phenyl.

Abstract: The present invention relates to oxabicyclo compounds and a method of preparing the same. The compounds of the present invention can be used as monomers for preparing a photoresist resin which is useful in photolithography processes using ultra-violet light sources, and are represented by the following Formula 1: ##STR1## wherein, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same or different, and represent a hydrogen or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 straight or branched chain substituted alkyl group; and m is a number from 1 to 4.In other embodiments, the present invention relates to an ArF or a KrF photoresist resin containing an oxabicyclo monomer, and compositions and photoresist micro pattern forming methods using the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to (co)polymers which contain at least one repeating structural chain unit of the general formula (1) and/or (2) and optionally repeating units of the general formula (3) ##STR1## in which L.sup.1 and L.sup.2, independently of each other, represent a photoluminescent grouping, a process for their preparation, their use in electroluminescent devices and the electroluminescent devices.

Abstract: This invention relates to dye complexing polymers, and, more particularly, to water soluble poly(vinylpyridine betaines) containing a quaternary nitrogen and a carboxylate salt. The polymers herein have effective dye transfer inhibitor (DTI) properties for use, for example, laundry detergent and fabric softener compositions.

Abstract: An image recording medium is disclosed which comprising: an acid generating agent capable of generating an acid by the action of heat or an acid, which is represented by the following formula (1); and a compound of causing variation in the absorption region of from 360 to 900 nm by the intramolecular or intermolecular reaction triggered by the action of an acid:W.sup.1 OP (1)wherein W.sup.1 represents a residue of an acid represented by W.sup.1 OH, and P represents an acid-sensitive substituent capable of splitting off at a temperature of 150.degree. C. or less due to catalysis by W.sup.1 OH.

Abstract: The present invention has for subjects, novel benzopyran derivatives, substituted in position 2 with an adamantyl group as well as the compositions and (co)polymer matrices containing such derivatives. Said derivatives possess interesting photochromic properties.

Abstract: The invention relates to photochromic compounds of general formula (I), in which: R3 and R5 are C1-C6 alkoxy groups and the rest of the R groups represent various substituents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to (co)polymers which contain at least one repeat chain unit selected from the group comprising the general formula (1) and (2) and optionally (3), ##STR1## in which L.sup.1 and L.sup.2 mutually independently mean a photoluminescent residue.

Abstract: A cationic water-soluble polymer comprising from 0.001 to 10 mole percent of a repeating mer unit represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein a is an integer of from 1 to 10, R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and methyl groups, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are methyl groups, fluor is a fluorescing moiety and X is selected from the group consisting of chloride, iodide and bromide ions and wherein the polymer also contains from 90 to 99.

Abstract: The present invention relates to (co)polymers which contain at least one repeat chain unit of the general formula (1) or (2) and optionally repeat units of the general formula (3), ##STR1## in which L.sup.1 and L.sup.2 mutually independently mean a photoluminescent residue, to a process for the production thereof, to the use thereof in electroluminescent devices and to the electroluminescent devices.

Abstract: Process for the polymerization of cyclic olefins by photochemical ring-opening metathesis polymerization by irradiation, using catalytic amounts of a heat-stable ruthenium or osmium catalyst which has at least one photolabile ligand, the other coordination sites being occupied by non-photolabile ligands.

Abstract: This invention relates to (co)polymers which contain at least one repeat chain unit of the general formula (1) or (2) and optionally repeat units of the general formula (3), ##STR1## in which L.sup.1 and L.sup.2 denote a photoluminescent residue,wherein the proportion of structural units of the formulae (1) and/or (2) is in each case 0.5 to 100 mol. % and of (3) is 0 to 99.5 mol. % and the molar percentages add up to 100,to the use thereof for the production of electroluminescent arrangements and to the electroluminescent arrangements.

Abstract: Disclosed are the Rhodamine B esters of hydroxy C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 lower alkyl acrylates. Specifically, the hydroxy lower alkyl radical is a linear hydroxy lower alkyl radical having the hydroxy group attached to the terminal carbon atom. Also shown are copolymers of diallyldimetyl ammonium chloride which contains from 0.01-2 mole percent of these Rhodamine B esters and their use in treating industrial waters.

Abstract: The invention discloses methods of preparing copolymers from norbornene-type monomers and cationically polymerizable monomers or polymers from catalytically polymerizable monomers by employing Group VIII transition metal ion source in a solvent for said monomers at a temperature in the range from -100.degree. C. to 120.degree. C. Also disclosed are copolymers from norbornene-type monomers and catalytically polymerizable monomers.

Abstract: In a liquid crystalline optical device, a light modulating layer composed of a liquid crystal and a high polymer resin is sandwiched between two substrates having electrode layers, at least one of the substrates being transparent. The polymer is a compound which is obtained by photopolymerization of a prepolymer containing a (meth)acryloyl compound having a stilbene skeleton, or a (meth)acryloyl compound including dioxane group or dioxolane group. The liquid crystalline optical device can be driven with a lower applied voltage and exhibits a reduced hysteresis.

Abstract: A novel copolymer affording a highly efficient electroluminescent element by the use of which the movement of electric charge occurs very efficiently and a full color luminescence is possible, a process for producing the same and an electroluminescent element, are provided, which copolymer is prepared by copolymerizing N-vinylcarbazole as an electron-transporting compound with a specified cumarin derivative as a luminescent compound; which process comprises copolymerizing a specified quantity of a specified cumarin derivative with a specified quantity of N-vinylcarbazole in the presence of a polymerization initiator or a catalyst; and which electroluminescent element is prepared by using a thin film obtained from the copolymer.

Abstract: A polymer represented by the following formula (III) ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each independently represents H, a straight or branched alkyl group or alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, X is S, O, or NR.sub.3, R.sub.3 represents a straight or branched akyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a phenyl group, Y represents R.sub.4 S.sup.+ R.sub.5 M.sup.- or OR.sub.6, R.sub.4 and R.sup.5 each independently represent a straight or branched alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or form a heterocyclic ring together with sulfur, and M.sup.- is an anion, R.sub.6 represents H or a straight or branched alkyl group having 1 to 10, m is 1 to 2, and n represents a degree of polymerization and is a value larger than 5.

Abstract: A fiber optic sensing device for measuring a chemical or physiological parameter of a body fluid or tissue is provided. To one end of the fiber is attached a polymer including a plurality of photoactive moieties selected from the group consisting of chromophores and lumophores, the photoactive moieties spaced apart so as to minimize chemical or physical interaction therebetween while optimizing the density of photoactive moieties. In one embodiment, a polymer chain is covalently bound to photoactive moieties through functional groups such as esters, amides, or the like. In a second embodiment, a polymer chain is inherently fluorescent and is formed from at least one monomeric unit. These devices are particularly useful as pH and oxygen sensors.

Abstract: A method of preparing a polymerizate from a reactant monomer of prepolymer which undergoes shrinkage during the formation of said polymerizate which comprises reacting said reactant monomer or prepolymer in the presence of a monomer selected from the group consisting of: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 -R.sub.8 are as defined herein to form a polymerizate containgin said reactant monomer or prepolymer as chemically contained constituents thereof, and resinous compositions and composites as well as polymers polymerized from such monomers or prepolymers.

Abstract: A laminated structure (1) comprising a substrate (3) and a polymer layer (5) is provided. The polymer layer consists of conductive areas (7) having a sheet resistance of maximally 1000 .OMEGA./sqaure. The adjacent parts of the polymer layer are substantially non-conductive and have a sheet resistance which is a factor of 10.sup.6 higher. An electrodeposited metal layer (9), for example of copper, is present on the conductive areas (7).A simple method of photochemically generating the conductive pattern (7) which can be reinforced in an aqueous metal-salt solution by electrodeposition of a metal layer (9) is also provided and most preferably the conductive pattern is inter alia, the patterned exposure of a layer of 3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene or polyaniline. The method can very suitably be used for the manufacture of metal patterns on insulating substrates, such as printed circuit boards.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an alkylidenenorbornene polymer comprising as the essential constituent at least one kind of the structural unit represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 denotes an alkyl group of 1-4 carbon atoms and R.sub.2 denotes a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group of 1-5 carbon atoms, and a process for producing the same.According to the present invention, an alkylidenenorbornene polymer is obtained which is excellent in light resistance, transparency, heat resistance and moisture resistance and is useful as an optical polymeric material.

Abstract: Polycondensation of, for example, squaric acid with a benzodihydropyrrole, benzodithiazole, neocuproine, terthienyl or an aromatic diamine gives a semiconductive alternating copolymer having a small band gap. It is alternatively possible to use croconic acid or 5,6-dihydroxy-5-cyclohexene-1,2,3,4-tetraone instead of squaric acid.

Abstract: A fiber optic sensing device for measuring a chemical or physiological parameter of a body fluid or tissue is provided. To one end of the fiber is attached a polymer including a plurality of photoactive moieties selected from the group consisting of chromophores and lumophores, the photoactive moieties spaced apart so as to minimize chemical or physical interaction therebetween while optimizing the density of photoactive moieties. In one embodiment, a polymer chain is covalently bound to photoactive moieties through functional groups such as esters, amides, or the like. In a second embodiment, a polymer chain is inherently fluorescent and is formed from at least one monomeric unit. These devices are particularly useful as pH and oxygen sensors.

Abstract: Optically active oxirane derivatives containing a mesogenic molecular unit are suitable as dopes in liquid-crystal mixtures. They give liquid-crystalline ferroelectric phases having short response times and electroclinic phases having large electroclinic coefficients. A further advantage is that they induce a helix of very small pitch, so that they are also suitable for helix compensation in LC mixtures.

Abstract: Phenolphthaleinic bis(acrylate), phenolphthaleinic bis(methacrylate), and phenolphthaleinic (acrylate) (methacrylate) may be polymerized to form polymerizates especially useful for lenses and lens blanks.

Abstract: A room-temperature curable resin composition comprising (a) an acrylic polymer having a plurality of alicyclic epoxide functions, and (b) an amount effective to initiate the curing reaction at room-temperature of the acrylic polymer (a) of a proton-donating cation polymerization initiator. The composition finds its uses in coating compositions, sealants, potting and casting compositions.

Abstract: A polyacrylic acid ester derivative having repeating units represented by the formula: ##STR1## (wherein R and R' independently represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R.sub.1 represents a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 linear or branched alkyl group, A represents a structural unit derived from a group copolymerizable with an acrylic acid ester, and l, m and n are, respectively, from 0.04 to 1.0, from 0 to 0.96 and from 0 to 0.5 in this order, provided that their sum is 1, and when m is not higher than 0.2, n is a number of not higher than 0.01) and having a molecular weight of from about 5,000 to about 1,000,000, is capable of being molded, and is useful as an optical material.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (1) ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 have the meanings given in the description, and the other radicals have the following meanings:X, Y and Z denote identical or different divalent radicals --O--, --S--, --N(R.sup.9)-- or --C(R.sup.10).dbd.C(R.sup.11)--, with the proviso that at least one of the radicals, X, Y and Z is not a radical of the formula --C(R.sup.10).dbd.C(R.sup.11)--, and whereinR.sup.9 is a hydrogen atom, a branched or unbranched C.sub.1 - to C.sub.8 -alkyl radical or an optionally substituted phenyl radical, andR.sup.10 and R.sup.11 are, in each case, identical or different radicals which have one of the meanings of R.sup.1,R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 denote identical or different radicals, that is to say hydrogen atoms or C.sub.1 - to C.sub.6 -alkyl or phenyl radicals, andn, m and o denote identical or different integers with a value of from 1 to 10.

Abstract: A curable composition, the cure of which can be monitored optically, comprises at least one of a hydride curable silicone, an ethylenically unsaturated compound, and a cationically polymerizable monomer, and as cure monitor dibenzofulvene or derivative thereof. The cure monitor is a latent fluorophore which reacts under the cure conditions to form a UV-detectable fluorophore.The invention also provides a method for measuring degree of cure of a polymeric material which can be a coating or an article.

Abstract: This invention relates to a solvent process for the conversion of aromatic propargyl ethers into chromenes. The process can be catalyzed with copper or zinc salts. The preferred salt is cuprous chloride. The most preferred solvent is a dichlorobenzene. The invention also relates to chromene products formed using the process and to the polymerization of that chromene product and its polymerized product, the latter product having substantially improved flexural modulus and flexural strength properties. The polymerized product is also moisture insensitive.

Abstract: The invention provides a photo-crosslinkable resin composition consisting essentially of an acrylic resin having alicyclic epoxy groups and a photo cationic polymerization initiator.

Abstract: Polymers having repeating units of the general formula I ##STR1## where Y and Z are the same or different and each denote --H, --COOR.sup.1 or --CON(R.sup.2)R.sup.3, with the proviso that Y and Z do not both denote --H, or Y and Z together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached denote a divalent cyclic group of formula ##STR2## A denotes --O-- or --N(R.sup.4)--, R.sup.1 denotes --H, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl or C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 hydroxyalkyl, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each denote --H, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 hydroxyalkyl, and R.sup.4 denotes --H, --OH, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 hydroxyalkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy. The carboxyl-containing polymers are useful in water treatment.

Abstract: A curable composition, the cure of which can be monitored optically, comprises at least one of a hydride curable silicone, an ethylenically unsaturated compound, and a cationically polymerizable monomer, and as cure monitor dibenzofulvene or derivatives thereof. The cure monitor is a latent fluorophore which reacts under the cure conditions to form a UV-detectable fluorophore.The invention also provides a method for measuring degree of cure of a polymeric material which can be a coating or an article.

Abstract: A self-curing aqueous resin dispersion obtained by neutralizing a resin having at least one alicyclic epoxy group and at least two carboxyl groups in the molecule, with a base and dispersing the neutralized resin in water.

Abstract: A process is provided for the polymerization of 7-oxanorbornene and its derivatives. The process involves the ring opening metathesis of 7-oxanorbornene and its derivatives, preferably using water as the solvent. Such materials may be homopolymerized or, alternatively, copolymerized with other cyclic olefins such as norbornene. The resulting polymers are also novel.

Abstract: A process is provided for the polymerization of 7-oxanorbornene and its derivatives. The process involves the ring opening metathesis of 7-oxanorbornene and its derivatives, preferably using water as the solvent. Such materials may be homopolymerized or, alternatively, copolymerized with other cyclic olefins such as norbornene. The resulting polymers are also novel.

Abstract: A process is provided for the polymerization of 7-oxanorbornene and its derivatives. The process involves the ring opening metathesis of 7-oxanorbornene and its derivatives, preferably using water as the solvent. Such materials may be homopolymerized or, alternatively, copolymerized with other cyclic olefins such as norbornene. The resulting polymers are also novel.

Abstract: Carboxy-functional copolymers are prepared from acrylate and methylene-substituted-heterocyclic compounds which are biodegradable and exhibit strong metal ion chelating properties. Detergent compositions including such copolymers as detergent builders are also provided.