Abstract: A process for preparing nitrogen-containing copolymers useful as dispersant-viscosity improvers for lubricating oil compositions, additive concentrates and lubricating oil compositions are described.

Abstract: Polymers containing amino acid and/or polypeptide moieties in their backbones or pendant to their backbones are made by metathesis. A method of making an amino acid or polypeptide containing polymer includes the steps of: providing a amino acid, amino alcohol, or polypeptide-containing monomer; forming a reaction mixture by contacting the monomer with an agent capable of catalyzing the polymerization of the monomer into a polymer; and placing the reaction mixture under conditions that result in the formation of the polymer in reaction mixture.

Abstract: The present invention relates to aqueous dispersions preparable by polymerization of an olefinically unsaturated, water-insoluble compound in the presence of a water-soluble allyl or vinyl ether of the formula 1 in which b is 0 or 1 n is 0 or 1 k is an integer from 1 to 20, X is O or N[(A—O)m—R] A is C2-C4-alkylene m is an integer from 5 to 900, and R is H or C1-C4-alkyl, and in which A is not exclusively C3- or C4-alkylene, by mixing the olefinically unsaturated water-insoluble compound with the water-soluble allyl and vinyl ether in water, and triggering the polymerization by a free-radical initiator.

Abstract: Polymers are disclosed having the following formula 1 or 2: Polymers of the present invention can be used as an ARC material useful for submicrolithography processes using 248 nm KrF, 193 nm ArF and 157 nm F2 lasers. The polymers contain a chromophore substituent that exhibits sufficient absorbance at the wavelengths useful for the submicrolithography process. The ARC prevents back reflection of light from lower layers and the alteration of the CD by diffracted and reflected light from the lower layers. The ARC also eliminates standing waves and reflective notching due to the optical properties of lower layers on the wafer and to changes in the thickness of the photosensitive film applied thereon, thereby resulting in the stable formation of ultrafine patterns suitable for 64M, 256M, 1G, 4G and 16G DRAMs and a great improvement in the production yield.

Abstract: Allylated amide compounds are formulated into curable compositions with a free radical curing agent, and optionally, one or more fillers, for use as adhesives in the manufacture of microelectronic devices.

Abstract: Continuous anionic polymerization and melt-spinning of a polycaprolactam includes forming a reaction mixture by bringing at least two streams of liquid caprolactam respectively containing a polymerization initiator and co-initiator into contact with one another, and then subjecting the reaction mixture to anionic polymerization reaction conditions to obtain a molten polycaprolactam. The molten polycaprolactam is the directly (i.e., without intermediate solidification) transferred to, and extruded through, a fiber-forming orifice of a spinneret to form a fiber thereof. One exemplary system to achieve such continuous anionic polymerization and melt-spinning of polycaprolactam includes a mixer for receiving and mixing at least two streams of liquid caprolactam respectively containing a polymerization initiator and co-initiator, and a reactor and melt-spinning apparatus downstream of the mixer.

Abstract: The invention provides novel additives which are useful as defoaming and anti-popping agents, or flow-and-leveling agents, for paints and inks. When the additives are blended with paints which do not use melamine resins as the curing agent, they can impart defoaming property and flow-and-leveling property to the paints without inviting white blooming or turbidity in the painted films caused by infiltration of water. Hence the additives are particularly useful when used for clear paints. The additive is characterized in that it comprises a copolymer of 2-50% by weight of a reactive monomer having isocyanate group or an isocyanate-derived group with 98-50% by weight of other monomer or polymer reactable with said reactive monomer.

Abstract: A water dispersion type water and oil repellent composition obtained by polymerizing the following polymerizable monomer mixture (b) in the presence of a compound (a) having a blocked isocyanate group and no polymerizable unsaturated group: (b) a mixture comprising a polymerizable monomer having a polyfluoroalkyl group and a polymerizable monomer having no polyfluoroalkyl group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes for making polymers from at least one tertiary amino-containing monomer and at least one vinyl-functional monomer, while controlling residual monomers and avoiding production of Michael addition adducts. The process employs one or more of the following steps to avoid such adducts, maintaining at least one tertiary amino-containing monomer and at least one vinyl-functional monomer separate until the polymerization reaction, maintaining the at least one tertiary amino-containing monomer and at least one vinyl-functional monomer free of water until the polymerization reaction, and employing high temperatures for the polymerization reaction. The polymers are useful in personal care products, fabric detergent, hand dishwashing detergent, oil well treating chemicals, fire-fighting foam, agricultural chemicals, flocculants, coagulants, and household cleaners.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a cationic terpolymer comprising (a) a first monomer unit selected from acrylamide and methacrylamide; (b) a second monomer unit selected from dimethylaminoethyl acrylate methyl chloride quaternary salt, 3-(acrylamido)propyltrimethylammonium chloride, 3-(methacrylamido)propyltrimethylammonium chloride, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate methyl chloride quaternary salt, dimethylaminoethyl acrylate dimethylsulfate quaternary salt, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate dimethylsulfate quaternary salt, diethylaminoethyl acrylate methyl chloride quaternary salt and diethylaminoethyl acrylate dimethylsulfate quaternary salt; and (c) a third monomer unit selected from benzyl methacrylate, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl acrylate, acrylamide diacetone, N-phenylacrylamide, 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl acrylate and poly(propylene glycol)methacrylate. The terpolymer is useful for dewatering a variety of sludges.

Abstract: A water-soluble cationic (co)polymer is obtained from a monomer composition comprising, per 100 parts by moles, from 0 to 95 parts of at least one water-soluble monomer of formula (I); 0.20 to 100 parts of at least one cationic water-soluble monomer of formulae (II) or (III); 0 to 60 parts of at least one water-soluble monomer which is potentially anionic by varying the pH; 0 to 90 parts of at least one cationic water-soluble monomer containing only one quaternary amino, of formula (IV); 0 to 10 parts of at least one hydrophobic monomer; 0 to 30 parts by moles of at least one other water-soluble monomer formulae I-IV are defined herein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the oxidation of alcohols using an oxidation agent and catalytic amounts of homogeneously soluble polymer-enlarged nitroxyl derivatives that are obtained by copolymerization of a mixture containing a compound (I) 1

Abstract: An amphipathic compound represented by any of the following Formulas: (R1 is a linear or branched, saturated hydrocarbon group having 6 to 48 carbon atoms, or a linear or branched, unsaturated hydrocarbon group containing 1 to 12 unsaturated double bond and having 6 to 48 carbon atoms; Y is NH, N—(CH2—CH═CH2), or O; Q is —CH2—C(R2)═CH2 or —R4—O—CO—C(R2)═CH2; and M is alkali metal, an ammonium group, or —(CH2CH2O)mH), a copolymer of the amphipatic compound with a copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated compound and, a paper making additive containing a water soluble or dispersible high molecular compound as an active ingredient and processes for producing these high molecular compounds.

Abstract: A polyacrylate ester, and more particularly a polymethacrylate ester based dispersant-viscosity improver for lubricating oil compositions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a high temperature continuous polymerization and condensation process for preparing a polymeric product. The process includes continuously charging into a reaction zone: at least one radically-polymerizable monomer having a radically polymerizable group and at least one condensation reactive functionality; and at least one modifying agent having a functional group capable of reacting with the condensation reactive functionality. The reaction zone includes at least one primary reactor, but may, and preferably does, contain a secondary reactor. The process further includes maintaining an effective temperature in the primary reactor to cause polymerization of the monomer and to allow at least a portion of the condensation reactive functionality to react with the functional group of the modifying agent.

Abstract: A curable composition for encapsulating an electronic component comprises one or more mono- or polyfunctional maleimide compounds, or one or more mono- or polyfunctional vinyl compounds other than maleimide compounds, or a combination of maleimide and vinyl compounds, with a free radical curing agent, and optionally, one or more fillers.

Abstract: Underfill encapsulants are prepared from allylated amide compounds and a curing initiator.

Abstract: This invention relates to underfill encapsulant compositions prepared from allylated amide compounds to protect and reinforce the interconnections between an electronic component and a substrate in a microelectronic device.

Abstract: The present invention provides a high temperature continuous polymerization and condensation process for preparing a polymeric product. The process includes continuously charging into a reaction zone: at least one radically-polymerizable monomer having a radically polymerizable group and at least one condensation reactive functionality; and at least one modifying agent having a functional group capable of reacting with the condensation reactive functionality. The reaction zone includes at least one primary reactor, but may, and preferably does, contain a secondary reactor. The process further includes maintaining an effective temperature in the primary reactor to cause polymerization of the monomer and to allow at least a portion of the condensation reactive functionality to react with the functional group of the modifying agent.

Abstract: The &bgr;-hydroxy carbamate, ethylenically unsaturated monomer of the invention can be polymerized as a homopolymer or copolymerized with other monomers. The polymerization can be carried out in an aqueous medium. The &bgr;-hydroxy carbamate monomer is polymerized to form water-soluble homopolymers or, if polymerized as a mixture with one or more comonomers, copolymers that are soluble, emulsifiable, or dispersible in water. The &bgr;-hydroxy carbamate monomer can be used as a replacement monomer for acrylamide.

Abstract: A multipurpose cement dispersing, shrinkage compensating and anticorrosive polymer and an admixture comprising said polymer, which improve the workability and the early strength development of fresh concrete, are described.

Abstract: A process for preparing nitrogen-containing copolymers useful as dispersant-viscosity improvers for lubricating oil compositions, additive concentrates and lubricating oil compositions are described.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid water-swellable coating compound, which is substantially devoid of volatile non-reactives. The water-swellable coating compound can be applied, to an article and cross-linked in place on the article to create a water-swellable, super absorbent polymer coating. The super absorbent polymer coating of the present invention is a flexible water-absorbent coating and comprises a cross-linked polymer prepared by polymerizing a reactive mixture, which comprises: substantially between thirty-five weight percent (35%) and ninety-nine and nine-tenths weight percent (99.9%) of one or more amine neutralized monomer; substantially between one tenth of one weight percent (0.1%) and fifteen weight percent (15%) cross-linking monomer; substantially between zero weight percent (0%) and fifty weight percent (50%) water soluble, substantially monofunctional oligomer; and substantially between one-half of one weight percent (0.

Abstract: A polymeric colorant represented by the following formula: A1—N═N—A2—O—(CH2)n-X wherein, A1 represents an aryl group which may have a substituent group, A2 represents an arylene group which may have a substituent group, X represents one of an acryloyloxy group, a methacryloyloxy group, a vinylphenyl group, a vinylphenyloxy group, and a vinylphenylalkyloxy group whose alkyl portion has 1-5 carbon atoms, and n is an integer of 1-5, and a colored material for an ocular lens which uses to the polymeric colorant is also disclosed.

Abstract: The objects of the present invention are: a self-light-stabilized photochromic thermoplastic or thermoreticulated polymer carrying non-cyclic tertiary amide-functionalized pendant groups; its preparation method; photochromic articles constituted, wholly or in part of such a polymer. Said polymer is obtained advantageously by radical co-polymerization of a composition containing an effective amount of at least one monomer of the formula: in which: R1 is hydrogen or a methyl group; n is 2 or 3; R2 and R3 are identical or different and represent independently a methyl or ethyl group; and are advantageously identical; said monomer providing said photostabilizing non-cyclic tertiary amine-functionalized pendant groups.

Abstract: A cross-linkable polymeric casting composition including an effective amount of A: an acrylic or methacrylic monomer which provides high rigidity and low color dispersion (High Abbe number) to the final product; B: a di- or polythiol compound; C: a di- or polyvinyl monomer; and optionally D: a polymerizable comonomer.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a paper surface sizing composition comprising a copolymer having: a) structural units derived from ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbons; structural units derived from monomers selected from esters of ethylenically unsaturated mono-carboxylic acids, half-esters of ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, allylethers and vinylethers and mixtures thereof; optionally c) structural units derived from ethylenically unsaturated monomers selected from monocarboxylic acids as well as salts and amides thereof, dicarboxylic acids as well as salts, amides and half-amides thereof, and cyclic anhydrides and imides of dicarboxylic acids and mixtures thereof; and optionally d) structural units derived from alkyl or amino-substituted alkyl acrylates or methacrylates with the proviso, that if no structural units c) are present, the structural units b) are derived from monomers selected from half esters of ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids.

Abstract: A photosensitive composition comprising a polyimide precursor, a photosensitive material having a structure represented by the following formula wherein A1 is an atom belonging to Group VI of the periodic table, in the molecule thereof and/or a photosensitive material having a structure represented by the following formula: wherein A2 is O, S or N atom, in the molecule thereof is suitable for formation of a positive tone pattern excellent in heat resistance, and applicable to electronic devices.

Abstract: A polymeric colorant represented by the following formula:

Abstract: A non-crosslinked biocompatible polymer is formed from a radical polymerisable ethylenically unsaturated zwitterionic monomer containing a sulpho-betaine zwitterionic group and a radical polymerisable ethylenically unsaturated comonomer containing a hydrophobic group selected from C6-24-alkyl, C1-24-fluoroalkyl and siloxane groups. Suitable copolymers are of N,N-dimethyl ammonium-N-propylsulphonate-N-ethyl methacrylate and dodecylmethacrylate. The polymer may be used to coat substrates to render them biocompatible, especially hemocompatible. The hydrophobic groups render the polymer particularly suitable for coating hydrophobic substrates.

Abstract: There is provided a material for a soft intraocular lens, which has excellent transparency and flexibility, can be inserted from a small incision and has an high refractive index independent on a water content. The material comprises (A) 5-25 % by weight of acrylate containing an aromatic ring, (B) 50-90 % by weight of 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, and (C) 5-45 % by weight of a (meth)acrylate monomer having the coefficient of water absorption of the homopolymer thereof of not more than 30 % by weight, except for (A) acrylate containing an aromatic ring and (B) 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate.

Abstract: Water-soluble polymers whose characteristic structural elements comprise units of the formulae I and/or II where R1 is H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl, R2 and R3 independently are as defined for R1 or are selected from substituted alkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted aryl or substituted aralkyl, the substituents being selected from OH, O-alkyl, O-aryl, SH, S-alkyl, S-aryl, NH2, NH-alkyl, NH-aryl, N(alkyl)2, possibly in protinated form, N(Alkyl)3+3Z−, where Z is the radical of an inorganic or organic acid, COOH, COO-alkyl, CONH2, CONH-alkyl, CON(alkyl)2, CN and SO3H; and the indices x are each independently an integer from 1 to 20; and the acid addition salts of these polymers, (processes for whose preparation are also described), are used in cosmetic compositions.

Abstract: Phosphonomethylated poly-vinylamines which contain as characteristic structural elements units of the formula where R1 is hydrogen, C1-C6-alkyl or and X is hydrogen, an alkali metal, ammonium or one equivalent of an alkaline earth metal, are obtainable by phosphonomethylation of polymers which contain N-vinyl-amide or vinylamine groups and are useful as detergent additives and water treatment agents.

Abstract: The present invention provides a high temperature continuous polymerization and condensation process for preparing a polymeric product. The process includes continuously charging into a reaction zone: at least one radically-polymerizable monomer having a radically polymerizable group and at least one condensation reactive functionality; and at least one modifying agent having a functional group capable of reacting with the condensation reactive functionality. The reaction zone includes at least one primary reactor, but may, and preferably does, contain a secondary reactor. The process further includes maintaining an effective temperature in the primary reactor to cause polymerization of the monomer and to allow at least a portion of the condensation reactive functionality to react with the functional group of the modifying agent.

Abstract: A polymeric colorant represented by the following formula: A1—N═N—A2—O—(CH2)n—X wherein, A1 represents an aryl group which may have a substituent group, A2 represents an arylene group which may have a substituent group, X represents one of an acryloyloxy group, a methacryloyloxy group, a vinylphenyl group, a vinylphenyloxy group, and a vinylphenylalkyloxy group whose alkyl portion has 1-5 carbon atoms, and n is an integer of 1-5, and a colored material for an ocular lens which uses the polymeric colorant is also disclosed.

Abstract: A latex is prepared by polymerizing a polymerizable monomer having an active methylene group in the presence of a hydrophilic polymer. The hydrophilic polymer comprises an isoprene sulfonic acid or salts thereof as a monomer unit. A sheet material is prepared having a support with a hydrophilic layer containing the latex thereon.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved method of making polymers. The method utilizes at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer and at least one polymerizable surface active agent. The polymerizable surface active agent is capable of co-polymerization with traditional monomers and/or polymerization with itself (i.e. homopolymerization) and is preferably substantially completely consumed during the course of the polymerization. Polymers produced by the method of the present invention are well suited for use in coatings, adhesives, sealants, elastomers and the like, as they form stable films, possess excellent adhesion properties and have improved hydrolytic stability characteristics. The present invention also encompasses homopolymeric surface active agents and their use in polymerization reactions.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing crosslinkable redispersible powders containing isocyanate groups by aqueous, emulsion copolymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers, at least one of which is isocyonate-functional, followed by drying, preferably spray drying, in the presence of a protective colloid.

Abstract: A biocompatibilizing process in which the surface of a material in need of being biocompatibilized is coated with a copolymer formed by radical polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers comprising a zwitterionic monomer having a sulphobetaine group and a comonomer having a group selected for providing a stable coating of polymer on the said surface. The comonomer may have a hydrophobic group for binding to oppositely charged ionic groups at the surface or a reactive group for forming a covalent bond with functional groups at the surface and/or for forming cross-links in the polymer coating.

Abstract: The invention relates to ophthalmic mouldings, especially contact lenses, obtainable by cross-linking a prepolymer that corresponds essentially to formula (1) wherein the variables are as defined in the claims, in the absence or presence of an additional vinyl comonomer.

Abstract: Solubilizers, emulsifiers and dispersing agents having the effects of moisturizing the skin when used as washing agents and having the character of elevating the concentration of a material to be solubilized, emulsified or dispersed in solvents including water as compared with the case where the material is employed alone, or elevating the apparent concentration of a material to be emulsified or dispersed in solvents by increasing homogeneity of the emulsion or dispersion which contain as the active ingredient polymers obtained by polymerizing monomer compositions containing at least one hydrophilic monomer (a) having a group represented by general formula (1) in the side chain, wherein R1, R2 and R3 represent each H or C1-4 alkyl.

Abstract: The invention relates to polymers with antimicrobial properties, consisting of: a) 99-40 wt % non functional vinylically polymerizable monomers and b) 1-60 wt % functional vinylically polymerizable monomers of general formula (I) wherein V=vinyl, (meth)acroyl, allyl or styryl, A=a possibly available linking unit, which can be alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl or hydroxy alkyl, which can also be interrupted by hetero atoms, e.g. by hetero atoms in urethane, carbonate, ester, amide or ether groups, wherein y=0 or is 1, Hsp=a hydrophilic spacer of general formula (i) —(O—CH2—CH2)r— and/or (ii) —(O—CH2—CH(CH3))s with r=0-40, s=0-40 and r+s=2-40, also m=1.2 or 3 and R1=CH3, ethyl or benzyl, R2=an alkyl radical with 8-20 C-atoms, wherein t=1, 2 or 3 and X−=Cl−, Br−, I− or alkyl sulphate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel antireflective coating solution and a process for its use in photolithography. The antireflective coating solution comprises a novel polymer and an organic solvent or mixture of solvents, where the novel polymer comprises a unit containing a dye that absorbs from about 180 nm to about 450 nm and does not contain a crosslinking group.

Abstract: A polymeric latex prepared by aqueous emulsion polymerization of a monomeric mixture comprising styrene and butadiene in the presence of a seed polymer prepared by aqueous emulsion polymerization of styrene and a salt of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid.

Abstract: The properties of ink-jet inks containing a colorant (pigment, macromolecular chromophore, or dye) are improved by adding thereto an additive, specifically, one or more polymers derived from unsaturated surfactants. The unsaturated surfactant(s) has at least one carbon-carbon double bond (C═C). The polymer may be simply an polymer of the unsaturated surfactant. Alternatively, the polymer may be co-polymerized with one or more vinyl monomers or one or more polymers based on the vinyl monomers may be mixed with the unsaturated surfactant polymer. The vinyl monomer(s) or polymer(s) are used to adjust or “tweak” the properties of the resultant polymer. For example, the more hydrophobic the polymer or the higher its molecular weight, then the greater the water-fastness afforded the ink-jet ink. The polymeric additive of the invention improves bleed control, water-fastness, and smear-fastness of ink-jet inks, particularly thermal ink-jet inks.

Abstract: The invention relates to moulded ophthalmic articles, especially contact lenses, which are obtainable by cross-linking a prepolymer which is the copolymerization product of (a) at least one polyalkylene glycol of the formula (1): HO--(CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O).sub.n --(CHY.sub.1 --CHY.sub.2 --O).sub.m --(CHY.sub.3 --CHY.sub.4 --O).sub.p --H or (1'): HO--[(CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O--)].sub.q --H, (b) at least one polyhydroxy compound selected from the group consisting of (I) a linear or branched aliphatic polyhydroxy compound of the formula (2): R.sub.1 --(OH--).sub.x or a polyether polyol or polyester polyol derived therefrom, and (ii) a cycloaliphatic polyol selected from the group polyhydroxy-C.sub.5 -C.sub.8 -cycloalkane and unsubstituted mono- or disaccharide, (c) at least one di- or polyisocyanate of the formula (3): R.sub.2 --(NCO).sub.

Abstract: Carbamate-functional allyl monomers and methods for making them are disclosed. The monomers, which are easy to prepare, readily polymerize with common ethylenic monomers to give low-molecular-weight resins without the need for solvents or chain-transfer agents. Coatings made from the resins should have good durability, good acid etch resistance, good mar resistance, high gloss, and high DOI.

Abstract: Multifunctional chelating groups are covalently bound to acrylate or methylate monomers. These monomers are polymerized. The resulting polymers are highly substituted with chelating groups and are useful for removing metals from fluids such as liquid hydrocarbons. An example of a polymer according to this invention has the following structure: ##STR1## wherein Q is a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic group having 1 to about 200 carbon atoms and is typically an unsubstituted unbranched alkylene, a substituted unbranched alkylene, a substituted branched alkylene, or an unsubstituted branched alkylene, and is an integer having a value of at least 1.

Abstract: This invention discloses a composition and a method of using the composition to cement a borehole penetrating a subsurface earth formation. The composition, the random polymerization product of two or three different vinyl-containing monomers including a vinylamide morpholine derivative, operates to reduce fluid loss from the cement slurry used to cement the borehole to the subsurface formation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of manufacturing dispersions of water-sble cationic vinyl polymers which can be used as process aids for separation processes, e.g. as flocculation aids, coagulation agents, retention agents or dehydration accelerators. The dispersions are produced by radical homopolymerization of cationic, hydrophobically modified vinyl monomers or their copolymerization with water-soluble vinyl monomers in aqueous saline solutions. In this respect block copolymers are used as dispersion stabilizers, and which are formed from a cationic vinyl monomer and ethyleneoxide.