Abstract: The repeat units of a polybenzoxazine comprise at least one unit corresponding to the formulae (I) or (II): in which Z1 represents an at least divalent, aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic bonding group comprising at least one carbon atom and optionally at least one heteroatom selected from O, S, N and P; X1 and X2, which are identical or different, represent O or S; Ar1 and Ar2, which are identical or different, represent a substituted or unsubstituted phenylene group; and Z2 represents O or (S)n, the symbol “n” representing an integer equal to 1 or greater than 1. Such a polybenzoxazine can be used as metal-adhesive layer, in particular for the adhesive bonding of a metal substrate, in particular made of carbon steel, to a rubber.

Abstract: Disclosed is a rubber composition containing main-chain benzoxazine, in which benzoxazine generates no harmful materials during vulcanization and can thus be used in lieu of a phenol novolac resin used as a resin component of a conventional rubber composition, and also in which the use of benzoxazine, especially main-chain benzoxazine having a high molecular weight, is capable of maintaining excellent mechanical properties and exhibiting high flexibility. The rubber composition of the invention can be utilized for a rubber product, especially a tire product.

Abstract: A siloxane compound containing structures represented by the following general formulae (1) and (2): wherein R1 and R2 independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a halogenated alkyl group, a thiol group, an acetyl group, a hydroxyl group, a sulfonic acid group, a sulfoalkoxyl group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyl group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms; x and y independently represent an integer of from 0 to 4; and A represents a single bond or an azomethine group, an ester group, an amide group, an azoxy group, an azo group, an ethylene group, or an acetylene group, and wherein R3 and R4 independently represent an alkyl group, a phenyl group, or a substituted phenyl group; and n represents an integer of from 1 to 100.

Abstract: Epoxy adhesive compositions contain a heat-activatable catalyst. The heat-activatable catalyst includes a tertiary amine catalyst and a novolac resin that has a weight average molecular weight of at least 3000. One-component epoxy adhesive formulations that contain the heat-activatable catalyst have unexpectedly good storage stability.

Abstract: A phenolic self-crosslinking polymer whose self-crosslinking reaction at a heating step is performed without additives for hardening the polymer, and a composition of resist-underlayer-film containing the same, are disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates a mixture of a urethane-aldehyde resin UA prepared by condensation of an aldehyde A1 and an alkyl urethane U, and of a novolak PA, to a process for the preparation of the said mixture, and a method of use thereof as adhesion promoter in rubber goods.

Abstract: Composite Maillard-resole binders to produce or promote cohesion in non-assembled or loosely assembled matter.

Abstract: A resorcinol-modified phenolic resin composition is formed by reacting a basic catalyst, formaldehyde, water and a benzene-ol to form an intermediate composition to which resorcinol is subsequently added to reduce the presence of free formaldehyde. Optionally, an alkanolamine can be combined and reacted with the resorcinol-modified phenolic resin composition to form a resorcinol-alkanolamine-modified phenolic resin composition. The resorcinol-modified phenolic resin and the resorcinol-alkanolamine-modified phenolic resin compositions can be employed to coat abrasive products having a relatively low free formaldehyde content.

Abstract: The invention relates to a curable benzoxazine macromonomer containing at least 3 benzoxazine rings and at least one aliphatic, heteroaliphatic, araliphatic, hetereoaraliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic fragment, the fragment comprising a shortest atom chain containing at least 40 consecutive atoms between two benzoxazine nitrogen atoms or between two benzoxazine oxygen atoms, and said atom chain must not include any oxazine ring atoms (“soft fragment”). The invention further relates to cured products made thereof and a method or producing the same.

Abstract: Phenolic resin binder systems for sand molds, used in metal casting, which improve the quality of thermally reclaimed sand, are described. The substantial or complete elimination of calcium compounds (e.g., calcium stearate and calcium hydroxide, conventionally employed as a mold lubricant and a resin curing catalyst, respectively) allows the thermally reclaimed sand to be reused over multiple thermal reclamation cycles without the adverse effects previously encountered.

Abstract: Cationic benzoxazine (co)polymers wherein at least 5% of all nitrogen atoms are in the form of quaternary nitrogen atoms, and to a method for producing said polymers. The invention also relates to a washing and cleaning agent, a textile treatment agent or a cosmetic agent containing at least one cationic benzoxazine (co)polymer according to the invention.

Abstract: The invention relates to washing and cleaning agents for washing or cleaning colored textile surface structures, used for improving the color-fastness thereof. The aim was substantially met by adding polymers obtained by the polymerization of benzoxazine monomers to the agent.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hydroxy-aromatic resin, prepared by bringing together and letting react a hydroxy-aromatic compound of formula (I) and an alkanol hemiacetal compound of formula (II). Formula (I) is: wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 may be the same or may be different and are H, OH, a C1-C20 alkyl group, or an oligomeric or polymeric system, whereby at least one of the set consisting of R1, R3, and R5 is H, Formula (II) is: wherein R6 is a C1-C12 alkyl group, aryl group, aralkyl group or cycloalkyl group and wherein R12 is H, a C1-C12 alkyl group, aryl group, aralkyl group or cycloalkyl group. The invention further relates to use of the resin in adhesives, laminates, and coatings.

Abstract: The present invention involves the design of a radiation curable organic pre polymer resin material based on urethane acrylic linkage synthesized from the natural renewable resource cardanol or a derivative thereof, for coating application. These new molecules have a faster and better curing rate compared to the starting renewable resource—cardanol. This is brought about by the hydrogen bonding of the urethane linkage which leads to a pre organization of the molecules in such a way as to bring the cross linkable double bonds closer to each other. The present invention also involves a UV curable formulation of the above mentioned resins along with 2-10 parts by weight of a photopolymerization initiator. The resin, either in a formulation or alone turns into a cross linked film upon photopolymerization in presence of photoinitiator under a UV curable radiation source like a mercury vapor pressure lamp.

Abstract: A heat curable epoxy composition comprising the contact product of an epoxy resin, an epoxy curing agent and an accelerator for the epoxy curing agent, the curing agent or the accelerator comprising the reaction product of (a) a phenolic resin and (b) a urea compound which is the reaction product of an isocyanate and an alkylated polyalkylenepolyamine having one primary or secondary amine and at least two tertiary amines of the general formula: where R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 independently represent hydrogen, methyl or ethyl; n and m are independently integers from 1 to 6 and; X is an integer from 1 to 10.

Abstract: The invention relates to a curable benzoxazine macromonomer containing at least 3 benzoxazine rings and at least one aliphatic, heteroaliphatic, araliphatic, hetereoaraliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic fragment, the fragment comprising a shortest atom chain containing at least 40 consecutive atoms between two benzoxazine nitrogen atoms or between two benzoxazine oxygen atoms, and said atom chain must not include any oxazine ring atoms (“soft fragment”). The invention further relates to cured products made thereof and a method or producing the same.

Abstract: A photosensitive compound has two or more structural units, in a molecule, represented by the following general formula (1): wherein R1 to R10 are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atom, halogen atom, alkyl group, alkoxy group, phenyl group, naphthyl group, and alkyl group in which a part or all of hydrogen atoms are substituted with fluorine atom; and X is a substituted or unsubstituted phenylene group or a substituted or unsubstituted naphthylene group.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hydroxy-aromatic resin, prepared by bringing together and reacting a hydroxy-aromatic compound and glyoxylic acid, The invention further relates to use of the resin in adhesives, laminates, and coatings.

Abstract: A polymer having hole transport functionality and antioxidant properties is disclosed. The polymer comprises a phenolic segment and a hole transport segment. The polymer is suitable for use in the charge transport layer of an imaging member. Processes for producing the polymer are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a thermosetting resin having a dihydrobenzoxazine ring structure, characterized by heating and reacting a) a multi-functional phenolic compound represented by the following general formula (I), b) a diamine compound represented by the following general formula (II) and c) an aldehyde compound: wherein X is an organic group containing an aromatic ring and having 6 or more carbon atoms, Y is an organic group having 5 or more carbon atoms, while both X and Y optionally have N, O, F as a heteroatom, and the benzene rings of both sides of X and Y are bonded to different atoms in X and Y.

Abstract: Processes of synthesizing aromatic amine-based benzoxazine resins are disclosed. The processes provide new routes for synthesizing benzoxazine from aromatic diamines or multifunctional aromatic amines that may solve the problem of insoluble products resulted from the condensation of hydroxymethylamine with amine by using aromatic diamine, phenol and formaldehyde as a raw materials.

Abstract: There is provided a polymer electrolyte which shows excellent characteristics as proton conductive membrane of fuel cells and the like. This polymer electrolyte contains an aromatic polymer which is characterized by having a super strong acid group in a side chain.

Abstract: Polyamides and polyimides containing flexible isopropylidene, trifluoromethyl and tetramethyl substituents and their synthetic method are disclosed. Polyamide containing flexible isopropylidene, trifluoromethyl and tetramethyl substituents is synthesized by reacting diamine compound (2,2-bis[4-(2-trifluoromethyl-4-aminophenoxy)-3,5-dimethylphenyl]propane) with an equimolar diacid via a polycondensation reaction. Polyimide containing flexible isopropylidene, trifluoromethyl and tetramethyl substituents is synthesized by reacting diamine compound with an equimolar dianhydride via a polycondensation reaction.

Abstract: Described are prepolymer compositions on the basis of novolak cyanates of the general formula wherein n is a number from 0 to 20 and the radicals R are identical or different and represent hydrogen or methyl. The compositions contain: 30 to 90 parts by weight of a prepolymer from novolak cyanates (I) wherein R=hydrogen (Ia) and 10 to 70 parts by weight of novolak cyanates (I) wherein R=methyl (Ib), and optionally highly disperse silicon dioxides and/or particulate or fibrous fillers. The inventive compositions are solid at normal temperature and can be ground to flowable powders. They have excellent stability when stored and are easy to process and especially suitable for use as the resin component in base materials for printed circuits on resin-bound abrasive products.

Abstract: A functionalized poly(arylene ether) having a pendant carbon—carbon double bond is prepared by reacting the hydroxy end group of a poly(arylene ether) with a polyisocyanate compound to produce a urethane-capped poly(arylene ether) having pendant isocyanate functionality, which is then reacted with a polyfunctional compound having a carbon—carbon double bond and a hydroxy, thiol, or amino group. The functionalized poly(arylene ether) is useful as a component of a curable composition in which its carbon—carbon double bond copolymerizes with one or more olefinically unsaturated comonomers.

Abstract: A water-soluble composition including a water soluble polyamine adduct which is a reaction product of: (a) an alkoxy group modified polyepoxide resin containing an average of at least 1.5 epoxide groups per molecule; and (b) a Mannich base polyamine. The Mannich base polyamine is a reaction product of a polyamine containing at least two amino groups with a N-Mannich condensate prepared from a reaction of a phenolic compound, an aldehyde, and a secondary amine wherein the secondary amine of the N-Mannich condensate is replaced by one of the at least two amino groups of the polyamine, and wherein the ratio of the Mannich base polyamine to the alkoxy group modified polyepoxide resin contains an excess of an active amine hydrogen relative to epoxide groups so that the water soluble polyamine adduct has an amine hydrogen equivalent weight of at most 1000 based on solids content.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of forming a polyphenylene ether resin containing residual aliphatic unsaturation. A polyphenylene ether is reacted with a capping agent in a solvent to form the polyphenylene ether resin containing residual aliphatic unsaturation, which is precipitated from solution by combining the solution with an antisolvent. The precipitated polyphenylene ether resin containing residual aliphatic unsaturation has lower levels of residual impurities than the same compound isolated by devolatilization.

Abstract: Sulfonated condensation products that are stable in storage and have increased thermal stability are based on aminoplastic formers having at least two amino groups or naphthalene and formaldehyde and, optionally include organic nitrogen bases which additionally contain, as nitrogenous formulation auxiliary agents, compounds of general formula (I) R1—NH—X—Y—R2, wherein R1 and R2 independently represent H, —CH3, —C2H5, —C3H7, —(CH2)n—CH2—; X?—CH2, CO, CS; Y?S, NH, —(CH2)m—; n=0 to 9; m=1 to 4; and/or compounds of general formula (II), wherein Z?—OCH3, —SO3—H, —SO3Na+, —NO2, —NH2, —NH—NH2, —CO2—Na+, —CHO. The mole ratio of aminoplastic formers: formaldehyde: sulfite: nitrogenous formulation auxiliary agents rangin from 1:1.9 to 6.0:1.0 to 2.0:0.01 to 1.5 and/or the mole ratio of naphthalene sulfonic acid: formaldehyde; nitrogenous formulation auxiliary agents equals 1:0.7 to 3.0:0.01 to 1.5. Method for preparing these condensation products of using them, e.g.

Abstract: The invention relates to a polyphenylene ether resin containing residual aliphatic unsaturation as well as composites, blends, and articles made from the polyphenylene ether resin containing residual aliphatic unsaturation. Also included are reaction products between the polyphenylene ether resin containing residual aliphatic unsaturation and other resins and unsaturated resin formulations, e.g., thermosetting polyesters, acrylics, bismaleiimides, silicones, and allylics, and thermoplastics such as polyolefins, styrenics, rubbers, etc.

Abstract: Described are prepolymer compositions on the basis of novolak cyanates of the general formula 1

Abstract: Disclosed is an azaoxa heterocyclic compound represented by the following formula (I): 1

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrodepositable coating composition having a resinous phase dispersed in an aqueous medium. The resinous phase includes (a) an ungelled, active hydrogen-containing, ionic salt group-containing resin; and (b) a curing agent reactive with the active hydrogens of the resin (a). The resinous phase has a covalently bonded halogen content based on total weight of resin solids present in the resinous phase such that when the composition is electrodeposited and cured, the cured film passes flame resistance testing in accordance with IPC-TM-650, and has a dielectric constant of less than or equal to 3.50. The invention also is directed to a method for forming a dielectric coating on an electroconductive substrate using the electrodepositable coating composition, as well as to a substrate coated with the electrodepositable composition.

Abstract: Infinitely water soluble, storage stable, low molecular weight, amine-modified resins/binders (e.g., phenol-formaldehyde resole resins and binders made therefrom) are used to produce low odor fiberglass products, such as fiberglass insulation for automobile headliners and room dividers. The cured, bonded fiberglass products have low TMA (trimethylamine) emission because the free formaldehyde in the resin has been scavenged with melamine, which resists thermal decomposition, and because the binder contains a relatively low urea content, which is a TMA contributor. The resole resin production process includes adding two different formaldehyde scavengers (e.g., melamine and urea) to produce a modified phenol-formaldehyde resole resin. This resole resin is produced into a binder by mixing with water, optionally in the presence of a latent acid catalyst (e.g., an ammonium salt of a strong acid).

Abstract: Phenol formaldehyde resins that have low free formaldehyde when produced, that maintain their low free formaldehyde levels during storage, and that demonstrate low levels of formaldehyde emissions during processing, curing, and thereafter.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compositions and a process leading to colorless or light colored aqueous phicinol-formaldelhyde resoles. Unlike previous technologies, these compositions lead to clear storage stable fast curing, high molecular weight resins. These materials are also capable of producing composite wood panels with superior water absorption and thickness swell test results when soaked in water. The invention essentially consists of an aqueous copolymer of phenol, formaldehyde, and a phenolic carboxylate (e.g. salicylic acid). Methylol phenols are formed under alkaline conditions in the presence of metal chelating agents. These are then condensed into a polymer under alkaline, neutral or acidic conditions. The finished aqueous polymer solution is then acidified to the desired pH using a benzoic acid or a phelnol-carboxylic acid.

Abstract: Water-dilutable binders which are self-crosslinking at room temperature, comprising reaction products ABF with epoxy-amine adducts A and formaldehyde resin formers B selected from phenols B1, (substituted) ureas B2, melamine B3, guanamines B4, and mixtures of said resin formers, with formaldehyde F or compounds which give off formaldehyde under the reaction conditions, may be formulated, following at least partial neutralization, to give aqueous coating materials which give coatings affording outstanding corrosion protection.

Abstract: Block copolymers suitable as molding resins are provided having polycarbonate blocks and polysiloxane blocks of the structure where R1, R2, Y and m are as defined herein, and where the weight percentage of blocks of polycarbonate blocks is from 92 to 96% and the weight percentage of siloxane from blocks of polysiloxane blocks is from 4 to 8%.

Abstract: A phenol-formaldehyde resole resin is prepared using a high level of catalyst at a polymerization temperature of about 63° C. The endpoint, measured by salt water tolerance, is selected so that the resulting resin has a water dilutability of 20:1 at neutral pH after storage for three weeks at a temperature of about 13° C., with a free phenol level of no more than 0.50 percent.

Abstract: The invention relates to a polyphenylene ether resin containing residual aliphatic unsaturation as well as composites, blends, and articles made from the polyphenylene ether resin containing residual aliphatic unsaturation. Also included are reaction products between the polyphenylene ether resin containing residual aliphatic unsaturation and other resins and unsaturated resin formulations, e.g., thermosetting polyesters, acrylics, bismaleiimides, silicones, and allylics, and thermoplastics such as polyolefins, styrenics, rubbers, etc.

Abstract: The invention relates to formulations and methods of manufacturing spray-dried phenol-formaldehyde resin that contain highly reactive phenolic compounds that include resorcinol, alkyl resorcinols, meta-amino phenol or/and phloroglucinol. The powder resin contains 0.02 to 0.09 moles of the free (unreacted) highly reactive phenolic compound per 100 parts of the solids of the dried phenol-formaldehyde resin. The powder resin composition has fast curing property and desirable shelf life for manufacturing wood composite products.

Abstract: The invention relates to Mannich bases prepared using alkyldipropylenetriamines and to addition compounds (adducts) of alkyldipropylenetriamines with acrylonitrile and ethylene oxide or propylene oxide, and to products obtained therefrom by the further addition of epoxy compounds having on average at least one epoxy group per molecule, and to the use of such products as hardeners for curable epoxy resin systems.

Abstract: The invention relates to a polyphenylene ether resin containing residual aliphatic unsaturation as well as composites, blends, and articles made from the polyphenylene ether resin containing residual aliphatic unsaturation. Also included are reaction products between the polyphenylene ether resin containing residual aliphatic unsaturation and other resins and unsaturated resin formulations, e.g., thermosetting polyesters, acrylics, bismaleiimides, silicones, and allylics, and thermoplastics such as polyolefins, styrenics, rubbers, etc.

Abstract: Blends of novolaks and cyanates, such blends can be thermally hardened in a short time and without using a catalyst and have an excellent storage stability. The resins obtained by the blends can be used as binding agents in abradants or as chip coverings or printed circuit boards (PCB) in electronics.

Abstract: A polymer in the form of a novolac resin is provided wherein the novolac resin has a weight average molecular weight of 1,000-30,000, some of the hydrogen atoms of hydroxyl groups are replaced by 1,2-naphthoquinonediazidosulfonyl ester groups, and some of the hydrogen atoms of the remaining hydroxyl groups are replaced by substituted acetal groups and/or crosslinked within a molecule or between molecules with crosslinking groups having C—O—C linkages. The polymer is formulated into a positive resist composition having improved uniformity, sensitivity, resolution and pattern profile as well as improved heat resistance, film retention, substrate adhesion and storage stability.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel process for the manufacture of polyphenylene ether resin containing residual aliphatic unsaturation. The invention also relates to the polyphenylene ether resin containing residual aliphatic unsaturation as well as composites, blends, and articles made from the polyphenylene ether resin containing residual aliphatic unsaturation. Also included are reaction products between the polyphenylene ether resin containing residual aliphatic unsaturation and other resins and unsaturated resin formulations, e.g., thermosetting polyesters, acrylics, and thermoplastics such as polyolefins.

Abstract: This invention relates to a composition, comprising: (I) an aromatic Mannich compound derived from: (A) a hydroxy containing aromatic compound having the formula  wherein in Formula (A-1): Ar is an aromatic group; m is 1, 2 or 3; n is a number from 1 to about 4; with the proviso that the sum of m and n does not exceed the number of available positions on Ar that can be substituted; each R1 independently is a hydrocarbyl group of up to about 400 carbon atoms; and R2 is H, amino or carboxyl; (B) an aldehyde or ketone having the formula  or a precursor thereof; wherein in Formula (B-1): R1 and R2 independently are H or hydrocarbyl groups having from 1 to about 18 carbon atoms; and R2 can also be a carbonyl-containing hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to about 18 carbon atoms; and (C) a mixture of water and an amine, said amine containing at least one primary or secondary amino group; and (II) alcohol.

Abstract: There is provided a composition comprising tannin containing hydroxyl groups which has been (a) chemically modified by reaction of at least one of said hydroxyl groups with at least one member selected from the group consisting of an esterification agent (e.g. acetic anhydride), etherification agent (e.g. dichloromethane or quaternary organic amine such as N-(3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl) trimethyl ammonium chloride) to form the corresponding ester, or ether, through said hydroxyl group, and (b) derivatized. The chemically modified tannin is derivatized by reaction with aldehyhde (e.g. formaldehyde), or aldehyde and at least one member selected from the group consisting of ammonia and organic amine containing at least one primary or secondary nitrogen (e.g. cyclohexyl amine); said derivatized tannin being water soluble or dispersable at a pH below 7 and water insoluble at a pH above 7.

Abstract: The invention relates to a Bismaleimide-Triazine resin (BT resin ) and production method thereof and in particular, a series of novel BT resin prepared by reacting a novel bismaleimide with various aromatic cyanate esters. By combining said novel bismaleimide monomer with various proportions of cyanate esters having different structures, BT resins having various processing temperature conditions can be formulated, which, after polymerizing and crosslinking, can provide materials with various thermal stability, dielectric constants, and mechanical properties for various applications.

Abstract: A process for the production of a storage-stable, modified phenol-aldehyde resol resin includes the use of an alkylresorcinol modifier and preferably a readily-available mixture of alkylresorcinols. A binder system includes the modified phenol-aldehyde resin combined with a curing agent that includes an additional source of an aldehyde, e.g., a phenol-formaldehyde resin. The resin and binder system are useful in the production of a wood composite (such as plywood, oriented strandboard, or fiberboard).

Abstract: A process for hardening a composition and a hardenable composition, in wh there are used:at least one novolac resin;at least one hardener of the resin, selected from the group consisting of substituted melamines;at least one compound comprising at least one ##STR1## group, this compound being without methylol group and ether group corresponding to methylol, and/or at least one reagent capable of giving such a compound under the conditions of the hardening.The hardening of the resin is caused by the action of heat.