Abstract: The undercoating composition of the invention, useful for providing an undercoating layer for a top coat of a photosensitive resist layer on a substrate surface, comprises, as a principal ingredient thereof, a condensation product obtained by the condensation reaction between a hydroxy-substituted diphenylamine and a melamine compound substituted on the nitrogen atoms with methylol groups and/or alkoxymethyl groups. The undercoating obtained of the composition is highly resistant against the attack by the overcoating solution applied thereon so that the fidelity of the pattern reproduction by the photolithographic technique is greatly improved by virtue of the absence of any disorder at the interface between the undercoating and top coat layers. The advantage is further increased when the undercoating composition further comprises a photoextinctive agent, e.g. a dye, having absorptivity in the wave length region where the photosensitive resist of the top coat has sensitivity.

Abstract: The present invention is a fiber comprising cyanato group containing phenolic resin comprising repeating units of the formula: ##STR1## wherein p is 0 or an integer of one or more, q is 0 or an integer of 1 or more, X is a radical selected from the group consisting of: --CH.sub.2 --, --CO--, --SO.sub.2 --, ##STR2## and R is the same or different and is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and methyl radicals. The fiber of the present invention can be made a phenolic triazine derived from the cyanato group containing phenolic resin.

Abstract: This invention relates to an water-soluble or water-dispersible diphenolamine oligomeric metal-chelating compound, method for making same, aqueous composition comprising the compound useful to deposit a corrosion preventive and adhesion promoting coating on a metal substrate and a method for doing same. The composition has a pH of between about 2 and about 10.

Abstract: Compositions have melting points below 100.degree. C. which are useful in the formation of resins by reaction with polyphenolic compounds consisting of a mixture of more than two compounds having the formula ##STR1## wherein A represents a cyclic or acyclic aliphatic or substituted cyclic or acyclic aliphatic moiety having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an aromatic mono- or multi-nuclear or aliphatic substituted aryl residue having from 6 to 20 carbon atoms,R independently represents H, CH.sub.3, CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3 or C.sub.6 H.sub.5,R.sup.1 independently represents H or CH.sub.3,R.sup.2 independently represents H or CH.sub.3, andx represents an integer from 0 to 2are described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing spherical thermosetting phenolic resin particles having a size of no larger than about 1,000 microns, and the spherical thermosetting phenolic resin particles produced by this process.In accordance with the process of the present invention, a novolak resin, and a nitrogenous basic compound, and, optionally, an aldehyde, are reacted while they are suspended in an aqueous medium in the presence of a suspension stabilizer.The thermosetting phenolic resin produced by the process of the present invention not only displays superior thermal curing characteristics during molding; the cured product fabricated by molding this resin also exhibits good physical properties such as improved mechanical strength and heat resistance. Therefore, the spherical thermosetting phenolic resin particles produced by the process of the present invention can be extensively used as molding materials, binders, adhesives, and in many other applications.

Abstract: A polymerizable thermosetting composition which is a flowable liquid at moderate temperatures which comprises a mixture of:(A) from about 75% to about 95% by weight of a mixture of:(1) from about 80% to about 20% by weight of a bisoxazoline and(2) from about 20% to about 80% by weight of a polyphenolic compound and(B) from about 5% to about 25% by weight of at least one member selected from the group consisting of a monooxazoline and a monooxazine,a method for forming thermoset products therefrom and the novel thermoset products resulting from said method are described.

Abstract: The present invention is a cyanato group containing phenolic resin of the formula: ##STR1## wherein n is 0 or an integer of one or more, and R is the same or different and is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and methyl radicals. The advancement over the art is that the resin of the present invention is stable and has a long shelf life. This is indicated by the gel time of greater than 1 minute, preferably greater than 2 minutes, more preferably greater than 10 minutes, and most preferably greater than 20 minutes at 155.degree. C. Alternately, the improved phenolic triazine resin of the present invention can be characterized as having a thermal stability indicated by thermal decomposition temperature of at least 400.degree. C. and preferably of at least 450.degree. C. as measured by Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA).

Abstract: Compositions having melting points below 100.degree. C. which are useful in the formation of resins by reaction with polyphenolic compounds consisting of a mixture of more than two compounds having the formula ##STR1## wherein A represents a cyclic or acyclic aliphatic or substituted cyclic or acyclic aliphatic moiety having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an aromatic mono- or multi-nuclear or aliphatic substituted aryl residue having from 6 to 20 carbon atoms,R independently represents H, CH.sub.3, CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3 or C.sub.6 H.sub.5,R.sup.1 independently represents H or CH.sub.3,R.sup.2 independently represents H or CH.sub.3, andx represents an integer from 0 to 2as described.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon-soluble corrosion inhibitor composition comprising the reaction product obtained by the acid-catalyzed oligomerization of alkylaniline, formaldehyde, and an aromatic compound selected from aniline, phenol, alkylphenol and an ethoxylated alkylphenol. Also disclosed is a method of inhibiting corrosion of a corrodible metal utilizing said composition.

Abstract: Phenolic resins obtained by condensation from alkylphenol, aldehyde, polyamine and polyether in a molar ratio of 1:0.7 to 1.3:0.005 to 0.2:0.001 to 0.3 are suitable as tackifiers for rubber mixtures.

Abstract: Phenol resins which are modified with compounds possessing amide and/or imide groups and are based on phenol resol ethers bonded via o,o'-methylene ether groups, and a process for their preparation.The novel modified phenol resol ethers are useful for the preparation of coating systems, in particular as crosslinking agents for cathodic electrocoating binders, and for the preparation of adhesives and rubber assistants.

Abstract: A solution comprising an effective amount of a water soluble or water dispersible compound selected from the group consisting of polymeric compounds generally described as substituted poly [[2,2-bis (4 hydroxyphenyl)]] alkyl materials as well as acid salts thereof and mixtures thereof, which solution is useful for treating metal surfaces to impart corrosion resistance and paint adhesion characteristics and processes for manufacturing and using the same.

Abstract: Method and composition for modifying moisture retention of hair and thus improving its settability which comprises applying to hair an aqueous solution containing a heximinium salt and a resorcinol under conditions promoting in situ polymerization.

Abstract: In a process for hardening phenol-formaldehyde resol resins, comprising conducting the hardening of the resins with an acidic solution of water and/or an organic solvent having dissolved therein an aromatic sulphonic acid and/or concentrated sulphuric acid, the improvement comprising the hardening in the presence of aniline added to the phenolic resin beforehand in a quantity of between about 0.5 and 2% relative to the weight of the phenolic resin whereby the pot life is extended and the cure time is satisfactory, the resultant products being especially useful as prepegs.

Abstract: Cresol-formaldehyde novolak resins made from a mixture containing meta- and paracresol or ortho-, meta- and paracresol in a ratio selected from a given range for use in fast positive photoresist compositions together with one or more sensitizing compounds. When dissolved in a mixture of organic solvents, the photoresist compositions are suitable for application as a thin coating to a substrate. After the coating has been dried, the coated substrate can be exposed to image-wise modulated actinic radiation and developed in alkaline solution, yielding a relief pattern of resist on substrate useful for a number of applications.

Abstract: Molded glass fiber parts are formed by depositing a phenolic resin and liquid polyisocyanate on the glass fibers as they are emitted from a fiber forming means, accumulating the glass fibers as a pack and molding the pack in contact with a tertiary amine to cure said resin and polyisocyanate and to produce a molded glass fiber part.

Abstract: An aqueous dispersion comprising a poly(3,4-dihydro-3-substituted-1,3 benzoxazine) and a protonated reactive polyamine, wherein the polyamine is at least difunctional, its reactive groups being primary or secondary amine and is protonated with an inorganic or organic acid and wherein the poly(dihydrobenzoxazine) is the reaction product of about 1 equivalent of a primary amine, about 1 equivalent of a phenol and about two equivalents of formaldehyde. The dispersions can be dried and cured to provide useful surface coatings and primers. The curing step occurs without evolution of volatile matter.

Abstract: Phenol-novolaks containing amino groups of formulas VI and VII ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkoxy or phenyl, R.sup.2 is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, phenyl or furfuryl, R.sup.3 is hydrogen or alkyl, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 independently are alkyl, halogen, nitro or cyano, and x is 1 to 8, are obtained by reacting the corresponding phenol-novolak with an aldehyde or ketone of formula II ##STR2## and with a substituted aniline of formula III or IV ##STR3## in a molar ratio of 1 mol of phenol-novolak to 2 mols of compound of formula II and to 2 mols of compound of formula III or IV in an acid medium at a pH value of 0.5 to 3.0. The phenol-novolaks containing amino groups are useful curing agents for epoxy resins and are also suitable as starting compounds for the preparation of epoxy resins.

Abstract: A water-insoluble curing agent for epoxy resins, made by mixing a major amount by weight of a water-insoluble propylene diamine chosen from the group consisting of the C.sub.8 to C.sub.20 fatty propylene diamines and the C.sub.12 to C.sub.15 ether propylene diamines with a minor amount by weight of a water-soluble polyamine suitable for rapid cure of epoxy resins, mixing the resulting mixture with a water-insoluble substituted phenol to give a water-insoluble reaction product, and then reacting said reaction product with formaldehyde. A novel cured epoxy resin is produced by reacting the agent with an uncured epoxy resin, and the reaction can be done in a wet environment or even under water.

Abstract: A method of producing polymers of the polyurethane type without the use of isocyanates is characterized by that compounds containing active atoms of hydrogen, preferably oligoesterols or oligoetherols, are amidated with isocyanic acid, preferably obtained "in statu nascendi", and then amide compounds thus obtained, preferably oligourethanes, oligoallophanates or oligourethanallophanates, are condensed with an aldehyde in a medium of pH not higher than 10, till obtaining a polymer.It is preferable to amidate oligoesterols or oligoetherols with isocyanic acid obtained from urea in the presence of hydrochloride of a tertiary amine. Oligourethanes, oligoallophanates or oligourethanallophanates can be condensed alone with formaldehyde or in the presence of other compounds able to react with formaldehyde or their hydroxymethyl derivatives.

Abstract: A granular or powdery resin which is a condensation product of a phenol and an aldehyde and optionally a nitrogen-containing compound having at least two active hydrogens, said granular or powdery resin being characterized by(A) containing spherical primary particles and secondary particles resulting from the agglomeration of the primary particles, each of said particles having a particle diameter of 0.1 to 150 microns,(B) having such a size that at least 50% by weight thereof can pass through a 100 Tyler mesh sieve,(C) having a free phenol content, determined by liquid chromatography, of not more than 500 ppm, and(D) having a methanol solubility (S) of more than 20% by weight when about 10 g of the resin is heated under reflux in 500 ml of substantially anhydrous methanol.

Abstract: A bath composition for cataphoretic electrocoating of conductive surfaces contains coating agents which have been rendered soluble or dispersible with acid, contain basic nitrogen groups and carry groups of the general formulae (1) and (11) ##STR1## and, optionally, also groups of the general formulae (III) and/or (IV) ##STR2## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or alkoxyalkyl, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each hydrogen or methyl, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are each hydrogen, alkyl or a divalent radical of a polymer molecule which is bonded to a phenol or phenol ether, n.sup.1 is 1, 2 or 3 and n.sup.2 is 1 or 2, and where the oxygen bonded to the phenyl radical is either in the form of the OH group or etherified.

Abstract: Thermoplastic and thermoset polymeric compositions, having particular utility in the area of molding applications, are obtained by reacting a compound containing a plurality of oxazoline groups with a phenol or a phenolic resin each containing a plurality of aromatic hydroxyl groups.

Abstract: A granular or powdery nitrogen-containing phenol-aldehyde copolymer resin which is a condensation product of a phenol, a nitrogen-containing compound having at least two active hydrogen atoms and an aldehyde, said granular or powdery resin being characterized by(A) containing spherical primary particles and secondary particles resulting from the agglomeration of the primary particles, each of said particles having a particle diameter of 0.1 to 100 microns,(B) having such a size that at least 50% by weight thereof can pass through a 150 Tyler mesh sieve,(C) having a free phenol content, determined by liquid chromatography, of not more than 50 ppm, and(D) having a D.sub.960-1020 /D.sub.1450-1500 ratio of from 0.1 to 2.0 in its infrared absorption spectrum.

Abstract: Condensation products of aniline, a phenol or alkylated phenol and an aldehyde, especially formaldehyde, may be used as tackifiers and aging retardants for rubber, especially natural rubber.

Abstract: Disclosed is a color-developer for pressure-sensitive recording sheets, comprising a co-condensate of a reaction intermediate of a p-substituted phenol and a trifunctional or higher phenol, or a polyvalent metal salt of said co-condensate, said reaction intermediate being obtained by the reaction of said p-substituted phenol under alkaline conditions with formaldehyde or a substance capable of generating formaldehyde.

Abstract: Tris (hydroxymethyl) nitromethane is used as the formaldehyde-source, cross-linking agent for a phenol-formaldehyde or resorcinol polymer resin binder system for a plugging refractory to enhance the plugging refractory's ability to withstand residence periods in a mud gun without premature solidification.

Abstract: A curable resin composition comprising a mixture and/or a preliminary reaction product of (a) polyfunctional cyanate ester, prepolymer of the cyanate ester, or coprepolymer of the cyanate ester and an amine, and (b) alkenyl acrylic esters, alkenyl methacrylic esters, prepolymers of alkenyl acrylic esters, prepolymers alkenyl methacrylic esters, coprepolymers of alkenyl acrylic esters and alkenyl methacrylic esters and mixtures thereof, and a curable resin composition comprising a mixture or a preliminary reaction product of above component (a), above component (b) and (c) a polyfunctional maleimide, prepolymer of the maleimide or coprepolymer of the maleimide and an amine are disclosed. Cured resin having excellent impact-resistance, adhesive power, heat-resistance and chemical-resistance can be prepared from the compositions.

Abstract: Resinous coating compositions can be expediently heat cured by phenol compounds containing at least two methylene amine groups which are conjugated with the aromatic alcohol group or phenol group. The hydroxyl group substantially increase the reactivity of the aminomethyl functionality whereby active hydrogen containing resins can be effectively cross-linked.

Abstract: Particulate resoles are produced by mixing phenol, formaldehyde and amine in an aqueous medium containing a protective colloid. The resoles exhibit improved cure rate and sinter resistance when an alkaline compound is added to the reaction mixture after particulate formation.

Abstract: A water-dilutable thermo-setting resol is prepared from phenol, formaldehyde, an amide and a sugar type compound. The invention provides advance in the art by allowing replacement of some of the phenol-formaldehyde resin contained in the resol with sugar type compounds.

Abstract: An ultraviolet-absorbing amino compound; a paint containing the aforesaid ultraviolet-absorbing amino compound; and a coated article having on its surface a coated film containing the aforesaid ultraviolet-absorbing amino compound are provided. The ultraviolet-absorbing amino compound is produced by reacting (a) a compound having a light absorption maximum within a wavelength region of 300 to 400 m.mu. and containing a mono-, di- or tetra-hydroxyphenyl group, (b) at least one compound containing a amino group and (c) formaldehyde, in the presence of at least one alcohol. The ultraviolet-absorbing amino compound of this invention is used in resin products which undergo photodegradation by ultraviolet light, for example, paints or molded articles of resins, and is especially effective for use in thermosetting synthetic resin paints.

Abstract: Polyadducts, free from epoxide groups, are obtained from ammonia and epoxide compounds by reacting 1 mole of ammonia with from 1.2 to 2.0 equivalents of epoxide, so that if diepoxide compounds are used products of the general formula (I) ##STR1## are obtained, while if triepoxides and/or tetraepoxide compounds are used, by themselves, or together with diepoxide compounds, products of the general formula II ##STR2## are produced; in these formulae, the E.sup.1 's are identical or different hydroxyl-containing divalent radicals and the E.sup.2 's are identical or different hydroxyl-containing trivalent or tetravalent radicals, resulting from the opening of the oxirane rings of epoxide compounds containing two, three or four epoxide groups in the molecule, n.sup.1, n.sup.3 and n.sup.5 are from 0 to 3, n.sup.2 and n.sup.4 are from 1 to 3 and X is 0 or 1, and one or more of the divalent radicals E.sup.1 in the general formula (II) may or may not be replaced by polyvalent radicals E.sup.2.

Abstract: Photosensitive compositions which contain as a photosensitive resin prepared by the condensation of the co-condensated novolak resin of the mixture of phenols such as in a combination of tert-butyl (or tert-octyl) phenol and phenol and/or cresol and formaldehyde, with o-quinonediazido sulfonic (or carboxylic) acid or contain said novolak resin as an additive for a photosensitive o-quinonediazido compound are discosed.

Abstract: A photosensitive composition useful for making a photosensitive lithographic printing plate are made from a condensation product of sulfonyl chloride of o-benzoquinone diazide or o-naphthoquinone diazide and a polyhydric phenol resin obtained by condensing a polyhydric phenol such as 2-methyl resorcinol with an aldehyde or ketone.

Abstract: A photosensitive composition useful for making a photosensitive lithographic printing plate are made from a condensation product of sulfonylchloride of o-benzoquinone diazide or o-naphthoquinone diazide and a polyhydric phenol resin obtained by condensing a polyhydric phenol such as resorcinol with a benzaldehyde, an acetophenone, or a benzophenone.

Abstract: Heat-curable mixtures of one or more epoxide compounds, which, on average, have more than one epoxide group in the molecule, and one or more .beta.-aminocrotonic acid derivatives, such as .beta.-aminocrotononitrile, .beta.-aminocrotonamide or .beta.-aminocrotonic acid esters, and also, if desired, a polyamine or polycarboxylic acid anhydride or a maleimide. The novel curable mixtures are distinguished by outstanding stability on storage, can be processed easily and give moulded materials with good mechanical properties.

Abstract: Ferric ions may be removed very selectively from aqueous solutions by means of a metal-chelating resin consisting of the acid-quaternized form of a cross-linked polymer produced by the condensation of a phenolic component comprising one or more phenols, formaldehyde, and a diamino component comprising one or more di-(secondary amino) compounds under neutral conditions. The resin is prepared by treating the cross-linked polymer with an aqueous solution of a strong mineral acid.

Abstract: An etherified phenolic chelate resin prepared by stabilizing and protecting the chelate groups of a phenolic chelate resin and then converting some or all of the phenolic hydroxyl groups into ether groups; a process for the production of the etherified phenolic chelate resin; and a method for separating a heavy metal ion from an aqueous solution having a pH of at least 7 by using this etherified phenolic chelate resin.

Abstract: An acid agent comprises a liquid water-insoluble product of concurrent reaction of:(a) one mole of an hydroxy(R)-methyl derivative of phenol in which 0.4-2.0 moles of HO--CH(R)-groups are present per one mole of phenol, wherein R equals H--, CH.sub.3 --, or(b) one mole of phenol and 0.3-2.0 moles of an aldehyde and(c) 0.03-100.0 moles of an aryl sulphonic acid, having an acid number from 10 to 300 (mg.KOH/g) with a maximum water content of 35% by weight.The process of reacting said components is conducted in a flow reactor for 0.1-10 minutes at 50.degree.-150.degree. C.The acid agent according to the invention may be modified with other substances, such as amines, alcohols, or acids to impart additional useful properties thereto. The acid agent has low viscosity, low corrosive activity, improves the strength of phenol-formaldehyde resins cured therewith by 30% and lowers their water absorption capacity by 2-10 times.

Abstract: Phenolic aldehyde resins used in adhesive coatings for binding substrates to rubber are modified to provide better adhesion and to decrease the problem of blowholes on the substrate coated with the adhesive coating. The resin is modified by incorporating into the resin a compound selected from the group consisting of urea, thiourea, thionamide having one to six carbon atoms or mixture thereof. In the method of preparing the modified phenolic aldehyde resin about 1 to about 10 weight percent based on the resin is added to the aqueous solution either simultaneously with or sequentially after the addition of the phenolic compound and aldehyde. The modified phenolic resin is then combined with an elastomeric latex or latices to produce the improved adhesive coating.

Abstract: A process for the accelerated cure of an epoxy resin is disclosed. The resulting epoxy resin may be used in protective coatings, adhesives, seamless and terrazo flooring and caulking and sealing compositions. The resulting resin system is also useful, for example, in casting, potting, in escapulating, grouting and patching. The process involves mixing an epoxy resin of the polyhydric phenol, polyglycidyl ether type with a novel accelerator-hardener which is a condensation product of phenol, formaldehyde and an aminoalkylene derivative of a polyoxyalkylenepolyamine.

Abstract: A resin for sorption of tungsten is prepared by copolymerization of 8-hydroxyquinoline, a polyamine, resorcinol and formaldehyde. The resin finds particular utility for recovery of tungsten from alkaline brines.

Abstract: A granular thermosetting composition free from a tendency to release dust and transformable into molded articles free from surface defects, is obtained by forming the composition into granules of from 2 to 8 mm in size and mixing said granules with from 0.5 to 3 wt.% of one or more substances, in liquid form, chosen from acetone, phenol, aniline and reaction products of phenol with styrene.

Abstract: A method of making zinc-modified phenol-aldehyde novolak resins for use as a color-developing agent in pressure-sensitive record sheet material involving the addition of certain dry particulate zinc compounds and an ammonium carboxylate to the melted resin. Specifically, a phenol-formaldehyde resin is reacted with zinc oxide or zinc carbonate and ammonium formate.

Abstract: A method of making zinc-modified phenol-aldehyde novolak resins for use as a color-developing agent in pressure-sensitive record sheet material involving the addition of certain dry particulate zinc compounds and an ammonium carboxylate to the melted resin. Specifically, a phenol-formaldehyde resin is reacted with zinc oxide or zinc carbonate and ammonium benzoate.

Abstract: New cationic flocculants are prepared by polycondensation of an epihalohydrin and Mannich reaction products of phenol, formaldehyde, and dialkylamine. The flocculants are useful for flocculation of various kinds of suspension such as various industrial waste waters, pulp slurry in paper making and the like.