Abstract: Binder compositions are described that include a phenol, a urea compound, formaldehyde, and at least one cyclic urea-dialdehyde compound. The cyclic urea-dialdehyde compound forms crosslinking bonds between polymers of phenol-urea-formaldehyde when the binder composition is cured. Also described are methods of making fiberglass insulation products using the above-described binder compositions. The methods may include contacting the binder composition with glass fibers and forming an amalgam of the binder composition and the glass fibers. The amalgam may be heated to form mats of the glass fibers and binder. The mats may be processed into the fiberglass insulation products.

Abstract: A process for the construction of a second chemical plant, which second chemical plant is suitable for the separation of cyclohexanone from a second mixture, which second mixture comprises reaction products from the hydrogenation of phenol. The process comprises providing a first chemical plant, which first chemical plant is suitable for the separation of cyclohexanone from a first mixture, and a second chemical plant comprising a distillation column suitable for distilling overhead cyclohexanone reused from the first chemical plant.

Abstract: The invention relates to an in-situ process for preparing an alkylphenol-aldehyde resin. The process comprises the step of providing a raw alkylphenol composition. The raw alkylphenol composition comprises one or more alkylphenol compounds and at least about 1 wt % phenol. Each alkylphenol compound has one or more alkyl substituents. The raw alkylphenol composition is reacted directly, without pre-purification, with one or more aldehydes to form an in-situ alkylphenol-aldehyde resin. The invention also relates to an in-situ alkylphenol-aldehyde resin formed from the in-situ process, and its use in a tackifier composition and rubber composition. The tackifier composition and rubber composition containing the in-situ alkylphenol-aldehyde resin show, inter alia, improved tack performance.

Abstract: A resol-type para-octylphenol-formaldehyde co-condensation resin and a method for producing the same are provided, the resol-type para-octylphenol-formaldehyde co-condensation resin having a content of a para-octylphenol monomer of 1 wt. % or less, having a total content of an aliphatic hydrocarbon, a halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon, an aromatic hydrocarbon, a halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon, and an alcohol having 1 to 8 carbon atoms of 1 wt. % or less, the aliphatic hydrocarbon, the halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon, the aromatic hydrocarbon, the halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon, and the alcohol having a boiling point of 60° C. or more, having a softening point of 70 to 105° C., and having an acid value of 20 to 28 KOHmg/g. The resol-type para-octylphenol-formaldehyde co-condensation resin can be used as a resin cross-linking agent for a rubber.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a printed wiring board that can prevent generation of crack and warpage is provided. A process for the preparation of a printed wiring board, comprising a step of forming a curable resin layer and a non-curable resin layer sequentially on a surface of a substrate; a step of forming depressions in the non-curable resin layer and the curable resin layer from the non-curable resin layer side; a step of applying a catalyst for plating to a surface of the non-curable resin layer and surfaces of the depressions; a step of removing the non-curable resin layer and the catalyst for plating provided on the surface of the non-curable resin layer; and a step of electroless plating the surfaces of the depressions.

Abstract: This disclosure provides a business method and system for generating sugars and recycling a non-biomass component from a waste stream. In some embodiments, a waste stream comprising cellulose and a non-biomass component is saccharified to produce glucose, followed by recovery of the glucose and non-biomass component, which may be recycled to another site associated with production of a cellulose-containing product that contains the non-biomass component. In certain scenarios, the waste stream is generated at a first location, cellulose pretreatment (if desired) and hydrolysis are conducted at a second location, and the non-biomass component is recycled to the first location or a third location. The non-biomass component may include metals, metal oxides, salts, organic compounds, inorganic compounds, oligomers, or polymers, for example.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compositions and methods related to the hydroformylation of cyclododecatriene to form cyclododecatriene trialdehyde, and the conversion of the trialdehyde to the polyphenols of Formula 1: where R, m p and Q are as defined herein. Curable compositions comprising compounds of Formula 1, including powder coating compositions, and methods of curing the compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a solid resol-type phenolic resin having: methylol groups and dimethylene ether bonds, as functional groups bound to phenolic nuclei; a content of methylol group, per 1 mol of the phenolic nuclei, of 0.8 mol or more and 1.3 mol or less; a content of dimethylene ether bond, per 1 mol of the phenolic nuclei, of 0.1 mol or less; a weight-average molecular weight of a tetrahydrofuran-soluble fraction, measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), of 800 or larger and 4,000 or smaller; and a content of mononuclear phenolic compound of 10% by weight or less.

Abstract: Aromatic polycyanate compounds which comprise cycloaliphatic moieties, a process for the production thereof and resins and thermoset products which are based on these compounds.

Abstract: Described herein are alkyl phenolic resins and methods of producing them. The content of residual phenol in the alkyl phenolic resin may be less than about 2% w/w, the softening point of the alkyl phenolic resin may be about 85° C. to about 105° C., the tackiness of the alkyl phenolic resin may be about 8 N to about 25 N, the alkyl group of the alkyl phenol may have 6-12 carbon atoms, and the content of 4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) phenol in the alkyl phenol may be from about 0% to about 85% w/w. The invention also relates to a use of the alkyl phenolic resin as rubber tackifier.

Abstract: Methods of extracting recycling carbon fibers are provided. Method of extracting and recycling carbon fibers with furan-2-carbaldehyde are provided and systems for performing the same are also provided. Compositions comprising resin composites, carbon fibers, and/or furan-2-carbaldehyde are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a production process for a phenols novolac resin obtained by reacting phenols with formaldehydes, wherein they are reacted in the presence of a metal compound used as a catalyst for the reaction described above, and a chelating agent is further added in order to deactivate a catalytic action of the metal compound and a resin-coated sand prepared by using the above phenols novolac resin. It is possible to provide a process for producing a phenols novolac resin having an ortho rate of 30 to 60%, suitably 40 to 55% at a good yield (70% or more) and a resin-coated sand having a high curing property prepared by using the above phenols novolac resin.

Abstract: A heat-treated polymer particle comprising an addition polymer core particle which has had swollen and polymerised therein a blend of an aromatic alcohol with an aldehyde or a blend of an aromatic amine or urea with an aldehyde and which has been subsequently heat treated, e.g. to a temperature of at least 150° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for the production of a resin such as a thermosetting resin, particularly a bioresin, components for use in the methods, and products obtained from the methods. In one aspect the method of forming a resin comprising the steps of: (1) providing an aldehyde-cross-linking agent condensate obtained by reacting a volatile aldehyde with a cross-linking agent; (2) providing a non-volatile aldehyde; and (3) combining the aldehyde-cross-linking agent condensate and the non-volatile aldehyde, thereby forming the resin.

Abstract: Disclosed is a solid resol-type phenolic resin having: methylol groups and dimethylene ether bonds, as functional groups bound to phenolic nuclei; a content of methylol group, per 1 mol of the phenolic nuclei, of 0.8 mol or more and 1.3 mol or less; a content of dimethylene ether bond, per 1 mol of the phenolic nuclei, of 0.1 mol or less; a weight-average molecular weight of a tetrahydrofuran-soluble fraction, measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), of 800 or larger and 4,000 or smaller; and a content of mononuclear phenolic compound of 10% by weight or less.

Abstract: There is disclosed a resist underlayer film composition, wherein the composition contains a polymer obtained by condensation of, at least, one or more compounds represented by the following general formula (1-1) and/or general formula (1-2), and one or more kinds of compounds and/or equivalent bodies thereof represented by the following general formula (2). There can be provided an underlayer film composition, especially for a trilayer resist process, that can form an underlayer film having reduced reflectance, (namely, an underlayer film having optimum n-value and k-value), excellent filling-up properties, high pattern-antibending properties, and not causing line fall or wiggling after etching especially in a high aspect line that is thinner than 60 nm, and a patterning process using the same.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hydroxy-aromatic resin, prepared by bringing together and reacting a hydroxy-aromatic compound and glyoxylic acid. The invention further relates to use of the resin in adhesives, laminates, and coatings.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hydroxy-aromatic resin, prepared by bringing together and letting react a hydroxy-aromatic compound of formula (I) and an alkanol hemiacetal compound of formula (II). Formula (I) is: wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 may be the same or may be different and are H, OH, a C1-C20 alkyl group, or an oligomeric or polymeric system, whereby at least one of the set consisting of R1, R3, and R5 is H, Formula (II) is: wherein R6 is a C1-C12 alkyl group, aryl group, aralkyl group or cycloalkyl group and wherein R12 is H, a C1-C12 alkyl group, aryl group, aralkyl group or cycloalkyl group. The invention further relates to use of the resin in adhesives, laminates, and coatings.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention may include one or more high-density textile fibers with a density from about 1 to about 11 g/mL. Some embodiments may include fabrics and/or garments made from such fibers. Embodiments comprising garments can include, for instance, exercise aids for providing extra mass to the wearer. Other embodiments can comprise, without limitation, building materials, safety equipment, armor, body armor, protective apparel, marine repair materials, marine protective devices, boat hulls, vehicle chassis, or blast-resistant materials.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a production process for a phenols novolac resin obtained by reacting phenols with formaldehydes, wherein they are reacted in the presence of a metal compound used as a catalyst for the reaction described above, and a chelating agent is further added in order to deactivate a catalytic action of the metal compound and a resin-coated sand prepared by using the above phenols novolac resin. It is possible to provide a process for producing a phenols novolac resin having an ortho rate of 30 to 60%, suitably 40 to 55% at a good yield (70% or more) and a resin-coated sand having a high curing property prepared by using the above phenols novolac resin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for continuously preparing cyclohexanone from phenol making use of a catalyst comprising at least one catalytically active metal selected from platinum and palladium comprising hydrogenating phenol to form a product stream comprising cyclohexanone and unreacted phenol; separating at least part of the product stream, or at least part of the product stream from which one or more components having a lower boiling point than cyclohexanone have been removed, into a first fraction comprising cyclohexanone and a second fraction comprising phenol and cyclohexanol, using distillation; separating the second fraction into a third fraction, rich in cyclohexanol, and a fourth fraction, rich in phenol, using distillation;—subjecting at least part of the fourth fraction to a further distillation step, thereby forming a fifth fraction and a sixth fraction, wherein the fifth fraction is enriched in phenol compared to the sixth fraction, and wherein the sixth fraction comprises side-pr

Abstract: Aromatic polycyanate compounds which comprise cycloaliphatic moieties, a process for the production thereof and resins and thermoset products which are based on these compounds.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polyfunctional dimethylnaphthalene formaldehyde resin which is polyfunctional, rich in reactivity and useful as a variety of raw materials to be modified, specifically a dimethylnaphthalene formaldehyde resin obtained by allowing (1) one kind or two or more kinds of a dimethylnaphthalene having one methyl group on each of two benzene rings in a naphthalene ring thereof and selected from the group consisting of 1,5-dimethylnaphthalene, 1,6-dimethylnaphthalene, 2,6-dimethylnaphthalene, 1,7-dimethylnaphthalene, 1,8-dimethylnaphthalene and 2,7-dimethylnaphthalene; and (2) formaldehyde to react with each other in the presence of water and an acid catalyst, the polyfunctional dimethylnaphthalene formaldehyde resin having a mean value of the number of hydrogen atoms substituted by the reaction among the six hydrogen atoms directly bonded on the naphthalene ring in the dimethylnaphthalene of from 1.8 to 3.5.

Abstract: The invention relates to a substrate comprising a layer of crystalline triazine with a protective compound having a retention of oxygen barrier at 85% RH of about 50% or better. The protective compound preferably contains an azine-formaldehyde or phenol-formaldehyde resin, preferably with an hydroxy-functional polymer, and is cured.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a pre-mix for a syntactic phenolic foam composition; a syntactic phenolic foam composition; and a process for preparing the syntactic phenolic foam composition. The pre-mix comprises thermally expandable and/or expanded thermoplastic microspheres, the microspheres comprising a thermoplastic polymer shell made of a homopolymer or copolymer of 100 to 25, for example 93 to 40, parts by weight of a nitrile-containing, ethylenically unsaturated monomer, or a mixture thereof; and 0 to 75, for example 7 to 60, parts by weight of a non-nitrile-containing, ethylenically unsaturated monomer, or a mixture thereof; and a propellant, or a mixture thereof, trapped within the thermoplastic polymer shell; and one of either a highly reactive phenolic resole resin capable of fully crosslinking at temperatures between 15° C. and 60° C.

Abstract: Disclosed is a thermofusible and thermosetting phenol resin powder having an average particle diameter of not more than 20 ?m and a single particle ratio of not less than 0.7. This phenol resin powder preferably has an average particle diameter of not more than 10 ?m, a variation coefficient of the particle size distribution of not more than 0.65, a particle sphericity of not less than 0.5 and a free phenol content of not more than 1000 ppm. Also disclosed are a dispersion liquid of such a phenol resin powder, and a method for producing a phenol resin powder having such characteristics.

Abstract: Disclosed is a non-thermofusible phenol resin powder having an average particle diameter of not more than 20 ?m and a single particle ratio of not less than 0.7. This non-thermofusible phenol resin powder preferably has a chlorine content of not more than 500 ppm. This non-thermofusible phenol resin powder is useful as an organic filler for sealing materials for semiconductors and adhesives for semiconductors. The non-thermofusible phenol resin powder is also useful as a precursor of functional carbon materials such as a molecular sieve carbon and a carbon electrode material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hydroxy-aromatic resin, prepared by bringing together and reacting a hydroxy-aromatic compound and glyoxylic acid, The invention further relates to use of the resin in adhesives, laminates, and coatings.

Abstract: It is a main object of the present invention to provide an alkylphenol resin for rubber compounding to obtain a rubber composition having high tackiness, and a rubber composition using the same. The present invention solves the above object by providing a resin for rubber compounding synthesized from a phenol having a para-substituted alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms and an aldehyde other than formaldehyde.

Abstract: Fuel oils, especially heavy fuel oils that are subject to instability on storage can be treated with additives in order to stabilizer the fuel oil in regard to precipitating contaminants such as asphaltenes. Alkylphenol resins, either with or without components selected from the group consisting of a fatty acid amides, mannich resins and mixtures thereof are effective additives for stabilizing fuel oils. It is emphasized that this abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract which will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims. 37 CFR 1.

Abstract: A phenol-formaldehyde novolac resin having a low concentration of free phenol prepared by distilling residual phenol from a molten novolac resin and replacing at least a portion of the phenol with a solvent having a volatility equal to or less than phenol. Such modified novolac resins are suitable for the production of resin coated molding sands for shell molding and sand cores, as well as for the production of resin coated proppants for use in oil and gas recovery operations.

Abstract: A method of stabilizing a resorcinol-aldehyde resin comprises heating a resorcinol-aldehyde resin in the substantial absence of an acid or base catalyst at a temperature from about 130° C. to about 180° C. for a sufficient amount of time to render the resin stable in an aqueous solution, wherein the resorcinol-aldehyde resin prior to heating is a novolak resin. The stabilized resins have many useful applications. For example, they can be used to make aerogels and xerogels. They also can be used to make dipping solutions to improve the adhesion between rubber and tire cords in a tire, belt, or hose.

Abstract: This invention relates to an adhesive composition comprising: an elastomeric latex; a phenol, an aldehyde and an alkylated melamine-formaldehyde resin suitable for use in the adhesion of textile material to rubber. This invention also relates to a method of promoting the adhesion of a textile material to rubber comprising the step of contacting the textile material with an adhesive composition comprising an elastomeric latex; a phenol; an aldehyde; and an alkylated melamine-formaldehyde resin. The adhesive composition of this invention provides equal or better retention of adhesive strength after heat aging.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an epoxy resin composition which has high flexibility, can be molded to a thin membrane, and can become a noninflammable cured product. The present invention comprises a polyphenol compound obtained by reacting to condense phenol with bischloromethyl biphenyl or bismethoxymethyl biphenyl, removing unreacted phenol and then reacting with BCMB again, wherein the polyphenol compound has a weight-average molecular weight of 3,000 or more as determined by GPC, and using the polyphenol compound as an agent for curing an epoxy resin.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing phenol-dicarbonyl condensates high in fluorescence by reacting a phenolic compound with a 1,2-dicarbonyl compound in the presence of a catalyst selected from one or more carboxylic acid(s) or one or more carboxylic acid precursor(s). The present invention further provides phenol-dicarbonyl condensates, epoxy resins, epoxy resin systems and laminates prepared using these phenol-dicarbonyl condensates.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of resols by reacting phenolic compounds with aldehydes with catalysis by metal salts whose cation can easily be precipitated as low-solubility salts in industrial processes. In this process, a dispersant is added to the reaction mixture comprising phenolic compound, aldehyde and metal salt before, during or after the condensation reaction, and a complexing agent is admixed after the condensation reaction is complete and after the dispersant has been admixed. The resultant resins are transparent even after neutralization using sulphuric acid.

Abstract: A water insoluble, aqueous alkali soluble novolak resin, process for producing such a novolak resin, a photoresist containing such a novolak resin, and a method for producing a semiconductor device, wherein the resin is isolated by sub surface forced steam distillation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a film forming, fractionated novolak resin having consistent molecular weight and superior performance in photoresist composition, by isolating such a novolak resin fraction. A method is also provided for producing photoresist composition from such a fractionated novolak resin and for producing semiconductor devices using such a photoresist composition.

Abstract: One of the objects of the present invention is to offer novolak type phenolic resins which use phenols and aldehydes as raw materials and give narrow molecular weight distributions.The novolak type phenolic resins of the present invention are those obtained by condensation reaction of phenols with aldehydes in the presence of an oxycarboxylic acid having carboxyl groups, --COOH, and alcoholic hydroxyl groups, --OH, in one molecule. Thus obtained novolak type phenolic resins show narrow molecular weight distributions, lower viscosity in molten state and, as a consequence, uniformity in curing time.

Abstract: Provided is a high-molecular weight high-ortho novolak type phenolic resin excellent in handleability, heat resistance characteristics, curability and electric characteristics suitable for various uses and superior in balance of properties. This high-molecular weight high-ortho novolak type phenolic resin is a condensate of a trifunctional phenol compound with an aldehyde compound, is soluble in solvents, has a weight-average molecular weight of 50,000 or more calculated by polystyrene standard, has methylene bonds at ortho-ortho position in respect to phenolic hydroxyl group in an amount of 55% or more based on total methylene bonds, and has an extraction water electric conductivity of 10 .mu.S/cm or less.

Abstract: A process for producing a water insoluble, aqueous alkali soluble, film forming novolak resin having low metal ions, made by the fractionation of a phenol formaldehyde condensation product, a process for producing a resin a photoresist composition of superior quality containing such novolak resin, and a method for producing a semiconductor device using such photoresist composition.

Abstract: Phenolic resin curatives having a majority of dibenzyl ether linkages were unexpectedly found to be very effective in curing unsaturated rubbers in a blend of a crystalline polyolefin and said rubber. Their effectiveness exceeds that of conventional phenolic resins for many thermoplastic vulcanizate compositions allowing for the reformulation of the recipes with lower amounts of curatives and equivalent or superior physical properties in the resulting thermoplastic vulcanizate.

Abstract: This invention relates to alternating and block copolymer resins of uniform and controlled chain length and methods for preparing the same. The alternating copolymer resins are formed from the reaction of a bisoxymethylphenol, a reactive phenolic compound and a monooxymethylphenol. The alternating copolymer may then be further reacted with a second reactive compound in the presence of an aldehyde to form the substantially blocked copolymer. The resins of the invention are characterized by a low molecular weight distribution. The resins are useful for the formulation of high resolution photoresist materials.

Abstract: One of the objects of the present invention is to offer novolak type phenolic resins which use phenols and aldehydes as raw materials and give narrow molecular weight distributions.The novolak type phenolic resins of the present invention are those obtained by condensation reaction of phenols with aldehydes in the presence of an oxycarboxylic acid having carboxyl groups, --COOH, and alcoholic hydroxyl groups, --OH, in one molecule. Thus, obtained novolak type phenolic resins show narrow molecular weight distributions, lower viscosity in molten state and, as a consequence, uniformity in curing time.

Abstract: Disclosed is a stabilized phenolic resin melamine dispersion comprising a liquid alkaline resole resin composition and solid melamine crystal dispersed throughout the resin composition. The liquid alkaline resole resin composition comprises the reaction product of combining formaldehyde and phenol at a formaldehyde to phenol mole ratio of about 0.5:1 to about 3.5:1 in the presence of a basic catalyst. The melamine crystal to phenol mole ratio ranges from about 0.01:1 to about 1:1. Moreover, the composition has a free formaldehyde content of at most about 0.5 weight percent. A method for making this dispersion is also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to an emulsifiable melamine-modified phenolic resole resin composition useful as a binder for glass fibers. The invention is more particularly directed to the process of preparing the resole resin composition using an alkaline condensation in the presence of a polyhydroxyl compound.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for producing water insoluble, aqueous alkali soluble novolak resins having a very low level of metal ions, utilizing treated ion exchange resins. A method is also provided for producing photoresist composition having a very low level of metal ions from such novolak resins and for producing semiconductor devices using such photoresist compositions.

Abstract: An essentially aromatic alkali soluble novolak resin comprising the product resulting from the acid condensation of an aromatic aldehyde and a phenol where the resin has a molecular weight in excess of 1500 and a glass transition temperature in excess of 125.degree. C. If desired, the aromatic novolak resin may be blended with a conventional novolak resin to regulate the glass transition temperature of the resin. The aromatic novolak resin and blends formed therefrom are especially suitable as coating resins and are useful for the formation of photoresist coating compositions.

Abstract: A hydroxymethylated resorcinol coupling agent is provided, including a hydroxymethylated resorcinol as an active ingredient, which enables commercial thermosetting adhesives such as bisphenol-A epoxy, phenol-resorcinol-formaldehyde, emulsion-polymer isocyanate, phenol-formaldehyde, resorcinol-formaldehyde and other resins of similar chemical nature to develop strong and durable bonds to a variety of untreated and preservatively treated woods. The resulting bonds to wood withstand delaminating stresses that occur with weather and water in exterior environments.

Abstract: Described is an acidic glass fiber binding composition comprising an aqueous soluble phenol formaldehyde resin having low free formaldehyde, an effective amount of a formaldehyde scavenger, and an effective amount of a strong aqueous soluble acid, wherein the composition has an acidic pH and the solids content ranges from about 1 to about 30% by weight of the total composition. Also described is a method of binding glass fibers such as newly formed warm glass fibers at junctions of the fibers by applying the composition as described above to the fibers and then drying the composition. Also described are B-staged and C-staged glass fiber compositions having a alkylamine content less than 5 ppm.