Abstract: A process for preparing a polyether ether ketone. Sodium carbonate is used alone as the condensation agent, and 4,4?-difluorodibenzophenone, p-benzenediol and biphenyldiol are subjected to polymerizing. After the corresponding prepolymer is obtained, the reaction temperature is elevated and p-benzenediol is further added as a chain extender to react for a period of time to produce high-viscosity polyether ether ketone.

Abstract: There is disclosed A resist underlayer film composition, wherein the composition contains a polymer obtained by condensation of, at least, one or more compounds represented by the following general formulae (1-1) and/or (1-2), one or more kinds of a compound represented by the following general formula (2), and one or more kinds of a compound, represented by the following general formula (3), and/or an equivalent body thereof. There can be provided an underlayer film composition, especially for a trilayer resist process, that can form an underlayer film having reduced reflectance, (namely, an underlayer film having optimum n-value and k-value as an antireflective film), excellent filling-up properties, high pattern-antibending properties, and not causing line fall or wiggling after etching especially in a high aspect line that is thinner than 60 nm, and a patterning process using the same.

Abstract: A transparent gel is disclosed which has an interpenetrating polymer network of a copolymer containing a polysiloxane structure and a polycarbonate structure and a hydrophilic polymer obtained by polymerizing a hydrophilic monomer. The transparent gel is useful as a cultivation substrate, a container for storage and an ophthalmic material, comprising an easily synthesizable and purifiable silicon-containing resin, wherein a gel strength, transparency, oxygen permeability, birefringence and other characteristics are excellent.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus and a process for devolatilizing solvent-containing polycarbonate solutions. By employing the inventive apparatus, polycarbonates with low residual values of volatile constituents are produced from solvent-containing polymer melts, which improved optical properties, especially yellowness index, with the aid of an apparatus combination of a heatable tubular devolatilizer and a vented extruder.

Abstract: To provide a crosslinkable fluorinated aromatic prepolymer which is capable of forming a cured product having a low relative permittivity, high heat resistance, low birefringence and high flexibility, and its uses.

Abstract: A compound having an excellent activity to inhibit a lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor has been identified. There are provided a drug for inhibiting a lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor characterized by including a trimeric or higher polymeric procyanidin as an active ingredient, which is useful in treating and preventing diseases, in particular, arteriosclerotic diseases, for which a lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor acts as an aggravating factor; the aforementioned drug for inhibiting a lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor, characterized in that the procyanidin is derived from a plant material selected from the group consisting of apples, grape seeds, peanut seed coats and pine barks; and a drug for preventing arteriosclerosis including a trimeric or higher polymeric procyanidin as an active ingredient, and characterized by having an activity to inhibit a lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor.

Abstract: Novel aromatic AB2 imide monomer with thermally reactive trialkylsiloxy and aryl fluoride moieties, which can be polymerized to form hyperbranched aromatic polyimides in the presence of a metal fluoride catalyst. Nanoclay composites were generated by either (i) direct blending of a preformed hyperbranched aromatic polyimide and Closite nanoclay (?20 wt %) or (ii) blending of the AB2 monomer, CsF catalyst and Closite nanoclay (?20 wt %) followed by thermal solid-state polymerization of the AB2 monomer homogeneously dispersed in the nanoclay.

Abstract: A curing agent composition for a water-soluble phenol resin used to produce a mold, which comprises a branched ester compound that is derived from a carboxylic acid having a branched chain, and an alcohol, and has 5 to 13 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A proton conductive membrane displays sufficient proton conductivity even at low humidities and low temperatures. The proton conductive membrane includes: a block copolymer including an ion conductive polymer segment (A) and an ion nonconductive polymer segment (B), the segment (A) and the segment (B) being covalently bound in a manner such that main chain skeletons of the segments are covalently bound at aromatic rings thereof through binding groups, (i) the membrane having a morphology including a microphase separated structure, (ii) the ion conductive polymer segment (A) forming a continuous phase.

Abstract: The present invention involves the design of a radiation curable organic pre polymer resin material based on urethane acrylic linkage synthesized from the natural renewable resource cardanol or a derivative thereof, for coating application. These new molecules have a faster and better curing rate compared to the starting renewable resource—cardanol. This is brought about by the hydrogen bonding of the urethane linkage which leads to a pre organization of the molecules in such a way as to bring the cross linkable double bonds closer to each other. The present invention also involves a UV curable formulation of the above mentioned resins along with 2-10 parts by weight of a photopolymerization initiator. The resin, either in a formulation or alone turns into a cross linked film upon photopolymerization in presence of photoinitiator under a UV curable radiation source like a mercury vapor pressure lamp.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of producing a copolymer of hydroxytyrosol, or its derivative, and at least one flavonoid comprising reacting hydroxytyrosol monomers or derivative with at least one flavonoid in the presence of an enzyme and hydrogen peroxide in an aqueous solution.

Abstract: A process for preparing a polyether ether ketone. Sodium carbonate is used alone as the condensation agent, and 4,4?-difluorodibenzophenone, p-benzenediol and biphenyldiol are subjected to polymerizing. After the corresponding prepolymer is obtained, the reaction temperature is elevated and p-benzenediol is further added as a chain extender to react for a period of time to produce high-viscosity polyether ether ketone.

Abstract: A light emitting material includes a polyfluorene derivative having a liquid crystal side group is provided. The polyfluorene derivative has a chemical structure as described in structure 1: wherein Ar is an aromatic ring containing the liquid crystal side group, R1 and R2 are alkanes and n is 20 to 500.

Abstract: A method for producing an aromatic polymer includes polycondensing an aromatic compound represented by formula (I) in the presence of a nickel complex containing a phosphine compound represented by formula (II), wherein, Ar denotes an aromatic ring containing organic group, which aromatic ring may contain an oxygen atom and/or a nitrogen atom; R denotes a monovalent group containing a hydrocarbon group; k is an integer of 1 or more; X denotes an halogen atom, a nitro group or a group represented by —SO3Q, wherein Q denotes a monovalent hydrocarbon group; Y denotes O, S, an imino group, an ethenylene group, or an ethynylene group; n denotes 0 or 1; and M denotes H, —B(OQ1)2, —Si(Q2)3, —Sn(Q3)3 or —Z1(Z2)m, wherein Q1 denotes H or a monovalent hydrocarbon group; Q2 and Q3 denote a monovalent hydrocarbon group; Z1 denotes a metal atom or a metal ion; Z2 denotes a counter ion; and m is an integer of 0 or higher; wherein, R1 denotes a monovalent hydrocarbon group, and R2 denotes a divalent hydrocarbon gro

Abstract: Disclosed is an alicyclic diepoxy compound which gives a cured article suffering from no deterioration in properties even when used in hot and humid surroundings or used under such conditions as to give a strong acid, which is highly reactive upon curing, and which gives a cured article superior typically in thermal stability. Specifically, the alicyclic diepoxy compound includes a 3,4,3?,4?-diepoxybicyclohexyl compound represented by following Formula (1): wherein R1 to R18 each represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydrocarbon group which may have an oxygen atom or a halogen atom, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, in which the alicyclic diepoxy compound contains isomers of the 3,4,3?,4?-diepoxybicyclohexyl compound in a content of less than 20% based on the total of the 3,4,3?,4?-diepoxybicyclohexyl compound and the isomers thereof in terms of peak area ratio as determined by gas chromatography.

Abstract: A copolymer comprising a repeating unit of the following formula (1) and a repeating unit of the following formula (2): (wherein, a ring A and ring B represent each independently an aromatic ring optionally having a substituent. X is —O—, —S—, —S(?O)—, —S(?O)2—, —Si(R1)2—Si(R1)2—, —Si(R1)2—, —B(R1)—, —P(R1)—, —P(?O)(R1)—, —O—C(R1)2— or —N?C(R1)—, and R1 represents a substituent. When there are two or more R1s in the same formula, they may be the same or different.) (wherein, Y is —O—, —S— or —C(?O)—. Ar1 represents an aryl group optionally having a substituent or a monovalent heterocyclic group optionally having a substituent, and there is no substituent connected to atoms of the ring of Ar1, the atoms being adjacent an atom of Ar1 connected to a nitrogen atom in the formula. R2 represents a substituent, and n represents an integer of from 0 to 3. When there are two or more R2s in the formula, they may be the same or different.).

Abstract: The present invention describes plastic materials and food additives that are free or substantially free from endocrine disruptive chemicals. The plastic materials may be used in products which are exposed to individuals in which endocrine disruptive activity is particularly disadvantageous, such as baby bottles, baby toys, food containers, medical containers, animal cages and medical products. The food additives may be used in food products that are ingested by individuals in which endocrine disruptive activity is particularly disadvantageous, such as newborns or the physically infirm. The present invention also describes a series of assays which, when performed in combination, provide a novel method for determining the presence of endocrine disruptive activity.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of producing a copolymer of hydroxytyrosol, or its derivative, and at least one flavonoid comprising reacting hydroxytyrosol monomers or derivative with at least one flavonoid in the presence of an enzyme and hydrogen peroxide in an aqueous solution.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a cationic curable composition which has low viscosity, can be rapidly photo-cured even in the air, has good adhesion to a substrate such as glass or resin, and is excellent in glass cleaner resistance and water resistance; an ink jet ink, a gravure ink and a hard coating material which comprise the composition; and cured products thereof. A cationic curable composition comprising: (A) 1 to 100 parts by weight of a phenol derivative having 3 or more aromatic rings per molecule, wherein the aromatic ring has a structure in which some or all of hydrogen atoms of phenolic hydroxyl groups of the aromatic ring are substituted by polymerizable functional groups; (B) 1 to 500 parts by weight of a cationic polymerizable compound; and (C) 0.05 to 20 parts by weight of a photo- and/or thermo-cationic initiator is provided.

Abstract: A crosslinked fluoroaromatic polymer having at least one crosslinked fluoropolymer chain and at least one fluorinated aromatic segment, wherein the crosslinked fluoropolymer chain is crosslinked to the fluorinated aromatic segment via a nucleophilic curing agent, and processes for preparation thereof.

Abstract: According to an aspect of the invention, medical devices are provided which include (a) a substrate and (b) a coating that includes an antifouling copolymer, an adhesive copolymer, or both. Antifouling copolymers for use in conjunction with the present invention contain (i) at least one antifouling polymer block having multiple pendant alkoxy functional groups along the polymer backbone and (ii) at least one additional polymer block. Adhesive copolymers for use in conjunction with the present invention contain (i) at least one adhesive polymer block having multiple pendant ring-hydroxyl-substituted aromatic groups along the polymer backbone and (ii) at least one additional polymer block.

Abstract: An epoxy resin composition comprising an epoxy resin and, as the effective curing agent, an epoxy-reactive polyphosphonate which can be of the formula (I) where “Y” is an arylene and “n” can range from about 2 to about 30.

Abstract: A polycarbonate copolymer contains: 0.1 to 50 mol % of a monomer unit represented by the following formula (1); and a monomer unit represented by the following formula (2). In the polycarbonate copolymer, the content of biphenols having a structure represented by the following formula (3) is 90 mass ppm or less. In the formula, R1 and R2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms or a halogen atom. In the formula: R3 and R4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms or a halogen atom; and X represents any one of bonding groups represented by —O—, —S—, —SO—, —SO2—, —CO— and 9,9-fluorenylidene group. In the formula, R1 and R2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms or a halogen atom.

Abstract: A polycarbonate copolymer contains: 0.1 to 50 mol % of a monomer unit represented by the following formula (1); and a monomer unit represented by the following formula (2). In the polycarbonate copolymer, the content of biphenols having a structure represented by the following formula (3) is 90 mass ppm or less. In the formula, R1 and R2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms or a halogen atom. In the formula: R3 and R4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms or a halogen atom; and X represents any one of bonding groups represented by —O—, —S—, —SO—, —SO2—, —CO— and 9,9-fluorenylidene group. In the formula, R1 and R2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms or a halogen atom.

Abstract: A composition comprising a homopolymer or a copolymer comprising bithiophene units for use in, for example, low band gap materials including uses in organic photovoltaic active layers. The band gap and other properties can be engineered by polymerization methods including selection of monomer structure and ratio of monomer components. In addition, a dimer adapted for making alternating copolymers further comprising one first monomer moiety comprising at least one bithiophene moiety compound covalently linked to one second monomer moiety comprising a different bithiophene moiety or at least one moiety that is not a bithiophene. The composition can be copolymerized to form an alternating copolymer that can be further processed to form a polymeric film used in a printed organic electronic device.

Abstract: The synthesis of thiophene based conducting polymer molecular actuators, exhibiting electrically triggered molecular conformational transitions is reported. Actuation is believed to be the result of conformational rearrangement of the polymer backbone at the molecular level, not simply ion intercalation in the bulk polymer chain upon electrochemical activation. Molecular actuation results from ?-? stacking of thiophene oligomers upon oxidation, producing a reversible molecular displacement that leads to surprising material properties, such as electrically controllable porosity and large strains. The existence of active molecular conformational changes is supported by in situ electrochemical data. Single molecule techniques have been used to characterize the molecular actuators.

Abstract: A polyol compound for photoresists has at least one aliphatic group and at least one aromatic group bound to each other alternately, in which the aromatic group has at least one aromatic ring and two or more hydroxyl groups bound to the aromatic ring. The polyol compound for photoresists can be prepared through an acid-catalyzed reaction, such as a Friedel-Crafts reaction, between an aliphatic polyol and an aromatic polyol. The aliphatic polyol is preferably an alicyclic polyol. The aromatic polyol is preferably hydroquinone. By protecting phenolic hydroxyl group(s) thereof with a protecting group capable of leaving with an acid, the polyol compound for photoresists gives a compound for photoresists. A photoresist composition containing this compound can form a resist pattern which shows less line edge roughness (LER), excels in resolution and etching resistance, and is fine and sharp.

Abstract: A composition that includes: a compound of the formula (I) in which R1, R2, R3 and R4 are identical or different and represent, independently from each other, a hydrogen atom, a methyl radical or an ethyl radical, A and B are identical or different and represent, independently from each other, a number between 0 and 10 with the proviso that the sum of A+B is higher than zero; and a compound of formula (II).

Abstract: Polymerizable monomers comprising at least one 1- or 2-propylene moiety and further comprising both aromatic moieties and additional aliphatic moieties and polymerizable mixtures, resins and thermoset products based on these monomers.

Abstract: A composition for dental use containing a polymerizable monomer (a) having an aromatic ring and a hydroxyl group, a polymerizable monomer (b) having an aromatic ring without having any hydroxyl groups, and a polymerizable monomer (c) other than the polymerizable monomers (a) and (b), wherein the composition for dental use contains the polymerizable monomers (a), (b), and (c) in an amount of from 10 to 30% by weight, from 50 to 70% by weight, and from 10 to 30% by weight, respectively, of all the polymerizable monomers. The composition for dental use of the present invention can be suitably used as a product capable of substituting a part or all of a natural tooth in the field of dental therapy.

Abstract: A process for producing a low-molecular polyphenylene ether having a content of components with molecular weights of 20,000 or more of 10 mass % or less and a number average molecular weight of 4,000 or less by a redistribution reaction which involves reacting a raw polyphenylene ether having a number average molecular weight of 10,000 or more with a polyphenol compound and a radical initiator, characterized in that the redistribution reaction step is a step conducted in a solvent; the ratio of the raw polyphenylene ether to the solvent (raw polyphenylene ether:solvent) (mass ratio) is provided at 0.4:100 to 40:100 (mass ratio); and the ratio of the radical initiator to the solvent (radical initiator:solvent) (mass ratio) is provided at 0.5:100 to 5:100 (mass ratio).

Abstract: The invention relates to compositions comprising pholyphenol derivatives, characterised in that said polyphenols contain monomers, oligomers or polymers with units having formula (I), said units being characterised by the simultaneous presence of a resorcinol nucleus (nucleus A) and a para-phenol nucleus (nucleus B) which are interconnected by a carbon bond C, said derivatives being over-activated, in respect of the nucleophilic power thereof, by alkylation of at least one phenol function of each constituent monomer unit and stabilised by sterification by mixtures of fatty acids in proportions reflecting those of vegetable oils formed mainly by unsaturated fatty acids of all of the other phenol functions. The invention is suitable for use in cosmetics, dietetics and therapeutics.

Abstract: A conjugated polymer having a phenoxazine structure and a phenothiazine structure as subsituents.

Abstract: The invention relates to compositions of polyphenol derivatives, characterised in that said polyphenols contain monomers, oligomers or polymers of units of the formula (I), wherein said units are characterised by the simultaneous presence of a phloroglucinol-type core (core A) and of a catechol-type core (core B) bonded together by a segment of 3 carbons such as C, said derivatives being over-activated in terms of nucleophilic power by the alkylation of at least one phenol function of each constituent monomer unit, and stabilised by the esterification of all the others with mixtures of fatty acids in proportions representing those of vegetable oils mainly consisting of AGI. These compositions can particularly be used in cosmetics, nutrition and therapy.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a branched and sulphonated multi block copolymer and an electrolyte membrane using the same, more precisely, a branched and sulphonated multi block copolymer composed of the repeating unit represented by formula 1 and a preparation method thereof, a hydrogenated branched and sulphonated multi block copolymer, a branched and sulphonated multi block copolymer electrolyte membrane and a fuel cell to which the branched and sulphonated multi block copolymer electrolyte membrane is applied. The electrolyte membrane of the present invention has high proton conductivity and excellent mechanical properties as well as chemical stability, so it can be effectively used for the production of thin film without the decrease of membrane properties according to the increase of sulfonic acid group since it enables the regulation of the distribution, the location and the number of sulfonic acid group in polymer backbone.

Abstract: In a magnetic disk has at least a magnetic layer, a carbon-based protective layer, and a lubricating layer formed in this order over a substrate, the lubricating layer contains a lubricant compound including a compound which has a perfluoropolyether main chain in a structure thereof, an aromatic group located at a position except each end of a molecule thereof, and a polar group at each end of the molecule.

Abstract: Disclosed is a resin composition which can firmly bond a metal with a molding material, a composite material including the resin composition and use of the composite material. The resin composition of the present invention includes: an organic compound having at least one secondary thiol group per molecule; and a curable compound having at least one hydroxyl group per molecule.

Abstract: A curable composition includes an olefinically unsaturated monomer and a poly(arylene ether) having two polymerizable groups and an intrinsic viscosity of about 0.05 to about 0.30 deciliters per gram. The composition exhibits an improved combination of high flow during molding and high post-cure stiffness and impact strength. The composition is particularly useful for fabricating plastic-packaged electronic devices.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polycarbonate resin composition which comprises a polycarbonate resin having the repeating unit that is represented by the following general formula (1) and a hydroxyl group at terminal thereof and has the concentration of the terminal hydroxyl group of 1000 ppm or more.

Abstract: A photosensitive compound has two or more structural units, in a molecule, represented by the following general formula (1): wherein R1 to R10 are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atom, halogen atom, alkyl group, alkoxy group, phenyl group, naphthyl group, and alkyl group in which a part or all of hydrogen atoms are substituted with fluorine atom; and X is a substituted or unsubstituted phenylene group or a substituted or unsubstituted naphthylene group.

Abstract: A method for carrying out a chemical reaction between at least two reactants occupying separate phases within a multiphase reaction mixture has been discovered in which at least one phosphazenium salt is employed as a phase transfer catalyst. The remarkable utility of phosphazenium salts as phase transfer catalysts is illustrated by the preparation of aromatic ethers. The phosphazenium salt phase transfer catalysts are shown to be especially useful in the preparation of aromatic polyethers such as polyether sulfones.

Abstract: A copolymer comprising a repeating unit of the following formula (1) and a repeating unit of the following formula (2): (wherein, a ring A and ring B represent each independently an aromatic ring optionally having a substituent. X is —O—, —S—, —S(?O)—, —S(?O)2—, —Si(R1)2—Si(R1)2—, —Si(R1)2—, —, —B(R1)—, —P(R1)—, —P(?O)(R1)—, —O—C(R1)2— or —N?C(R1)—, and R1 represents a substituent. When there are two or more R1s in the same formula, they may be the same or different.) (wherein, Y is —O—, —S— or —C(?O)—. Ar1 represents an aryl group optionally having a substituent or a monovalent heterocyclic group optionally having a substituent, and there is no substituent connected to atoms of the ring of Ar1, the atoms being adjacent an atom of Ar1 connected to a nitrogen atom in the formula. R3 represents a substituent, and n represents an integer of from 0 to 3. When there are two or more R2s in the formula, they may be the same or different.).

Abstract: A method for producing an aromatic polymer including polycondensing an aromatic compound represented by the following general formula (I) in the presence of a nickel complex containing a phosphine compound represented by the following general formula (II). (Wherein, Ar denotes an aromatic ring containing organic group having an aromatic ring which may contain an oxygen atom and/or a nitrogen atom; R denotes a monovalent group which contains a hydrocarbon group; k is an integer of 1 or more; X denotes an halogen atom, a nitro group or a group represented by —SO3Q (wherein Q denotes a monovalent hydrocarbon group); Y denotes O, S, an imino group, an ethenylene group, or an ethynylene group; n denotes 0 or 1; and M denotes H, —B(OQ1)2, —Si(Q2)3, —Sn(Q3)3 or —Z1(Z2)m (wherein Q1 denotes H or a monovalent hydrocarbon group; Q2 and Q3 denote a monovalent hydrocarbon group; Z1 denotes a metal atom or a metal ion; Z2 denotes a counter ion; and m is an integer of 0 or higher.

Abstract: A hyper-branched polymer having a degree of branching in the range of about 0.05 to about 1 includes a dendritic unit, a linear unit, and a terminal unit, wherein the hyper-branched polymer, an electrode for a fuel cell including the hyper-branched polymer, an electrolyte membrane for a fuel cell including the hyper-branched polymer, and a fuel cell including at least one of the electrode and the electrolyte membrane. Such a hyper-branched polymer included in a fuel cell provides excellent thermal resistance and phosphoric acid resistance and increase the performance of the fuel cell.

Abstract: Bio-derived bisphenol A is made by combining bio-derived phenol and/or bio-derived acetone in the presence of a catalyst, The phenol or the acetone or both contain at least 0.5%, for example at least 1 weight % of bio-derived impurities. In the case of bio-derived phenol, these impurities may include one or more of 2-methylbenzofuran, 2-methoxyphenol, 2-methylphenol, 4-methylphenol (para-cresol) or 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol. In the case of acetone, the impurity may be ethanol, mesityl acetone and/or diacetone alcohol. This bio-derived BPA can be used in the production of polycarbonates with less fossil fuel-based carbon content.

Abstract: An oligomer having the formula: Ar1 and Ar2 are each an aromatic group or a bisphenol residue. At least one of Ar1 and Ar2 is the aromatic group. The value of m is zero or one, and n is a positive integer. A polymer made by reacting the above oligomer with a crosslinker having at least two silyl hydrogen atoms. A method of: reacting a compound having the formula: with vinyl(dimethylchloro)silane to form the above oligomer. T is —OH, —Br, or —I.

Abstract: Poly(1,4-dihydroxy)-phenylenes (polyhydroquinones) having antihypoxic and antioxidative properties and prolonged paramagnetism, and represented by general formula: where n=0-13. The polyhydroquinones possess the possibility to increase significantly the labour-efficiency of an organism. The polyhydroquinones can be produced by hydrolysis of arbutin containing vegetable raw material followed by its polymerization; by polymerization of hydroquinone in the presence of catalyst (and without it); or by reduction of hydroquinone followed by polymerization along with purification.

Abstract: An aromatic polymer, containing a repeating unit represented by Formula (I), and having properties (A1) and (B1): (A1) the number average degree of polymerization of an acetylated product obtained by acetylation of the hydroxyl groups of the polymer is 3 or more, and (B1) at a wavelength where an absolute value of molar ellipticity (degree·cm?2·dmol?1) per mole of the repeating unit of the acetylated product in a circular dichroism spectrum of the acetylated product reaches maximum in a wavelength range of from 200 to 350 nm, the absolute value is 50,000 or more: wherein R represents a hydrocarbon, hydrocarbon-oxy, hydrocarbon-mercapto or hydrocarbon-amino group that may be substituted; the two R's may bind to each other to form a ring; and the repeating unit represented by Formula (I) has no symmetrical plane that has two binding sites and that is perpendicular for the benzene ring.

Abstract: Polyether polymers, such as polyetherimides, are prepared by the reaction of a dihydroxy-substituted aromatic hydrocarbon alkali metal salt, such as bisphenol A disodium salt, with a bis(N-(chlorophthalimido))aromatic compound, such as 1,3- and/or 1,4-bis(N-(4-chlorophthalimido))benzene, in a solvent such as o-dichlorobenzene and in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst such as a hexaalkylguanidinium chloride. Several embodiments may be employed to improve the method. They comprise employing substantially dry reagents, employing a high solids level in solvent, beginning with an excess of bis(N-(chlorophthalimido))-aromatic compound and incrementally adding alkali metal salt, employing alkali metal salt of small particle size, and using reagents of high purity.

Abstract: Polyfluorene polymers and copolymers having substantial amounts (10-100%) of fluorenes coupled at the 2 and 5 positions of fluorene are useful as active layers in OLED devices where triplet energies >2.10 eV are required.