Abstract: The present invention provides a toner binder for electrophotography which comprises a polyester resin constituted of an alcohol component containing a polyoxyalkylene ether (A) of a bisphenol and an acid component, and the content of unreacted bisphenols in said polyester resin is 15 ppm or less.

Abstract: High heat polyethersulfone compositions are provided which possess unexpectedly high glass transition temperatures. The polyethersulfone compositions comprise structural units derived from phthalimide bisphenols such as 3,3-bis(4 -hydroxyphenyl)-N-phenylphthalimide, and structural units derived from at least one biphenyl-bissulfone such as 4,4?-bis((4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl)-1,1?-biphenyl. The novel polyethersulfone compositions may further comprise structural units derived from one or more biphenols such as 4,4?-biphenol, bisphenols such as BPA, or other electrophilic sulfone monomers, such as bis(4-chlorophenyl)sulfone. In one embodiment, the polyethersulfone composition of the present invention comprises structural groups derived exclusively from 3,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-N-phenylphthalimide, and 4,4?-bis((4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl)-1,1?-biphenyl and exhibits a single glass transition of greater than 300° C.

Abstract: Branched polyarylene polymers are provided comprising monovalent endcappers, divalent linear units, and polyvalent branching units. The composition of the polymers is controlled by adjusting the ratio of the three types of monomers.

Abstract: A bifunctional phenylene ether oligomer of the formula (1), obtained by oxidation polymerization of a bivalent phenol of the formula (2) and a monovalent phenol of the formula (3), wherein —X— is represented by the formula (2?), and Y—O— is represented by the formula (3), R2, R3, R4, R8, R9, R10 and R11 in the formula (2?) and the formula (3?) being required not to be a hydrogen atom, and its use.

Abstract: A branched (co)polyformal is disclosed. The (co)polyformal contains structural units conforming to at least one the general formulae (1a) and (1b) wherein each of -E- and -D- independently of one another denote an aromatic radical having 6 to 40 C atoms, k is 1 to 4,000, o is 1 to 4,000, m is z/o and n is (o-z)/o, where z is 0 to o. The branched (co)polyformal is characterized by its reduced water uptake and improved hydrolytic stability. Also disclosed are processes for its preparation and use in the production of molded articles.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fluorine compound having perfluorostyrene introduced at a terminal thereof, as represented in the following Formula 1, and a coating solution and an optical waveguide device using the same, characterized in that the introduction of perfluorostyrene results in a facile fabrication of thin films by a UV curing or a thermal curing, high thermal stability and chemical resistance, and low optical propagation loss and birefringence: Wherein Z is O or S; RF is an aliphatic or aromatic group; y is a natural number of 1–10; y? is an integer of 0–1; x is an integer of 0–200; and Wherein B is a single bond or selected from the group consisting of —CO—, —SO2—, —S— and —O—, and Hal is selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br and I.

Abstract: A polycarbonate resin with a polystyrene-converted weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 20,000 to 200,000 obtained by forming a carbonate bond from a dihydroxy compound represented by the general formula (1), a dihydroxy compound represented by the general formula (2) and bis(hydroxyphenyl) methane and a carbonic acid diester or phosgene, having higher stiffness and better balance of mechanical properties than conventional aromatic polycarbonate resin to be derived from 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane.

Abstract: A thermoplastic molding composition comprising a linear (co)polyformal is disclosed. The (co)polyformal corresponds to formulae (Ia) or (Ib), in which A independently denotes hydrogen or phenyl, —O-D-O— and —O-E-O— independently denote a diphenolate residue, in which -E- and -D- independently denote an aromatic radical having 6 to 40 C atoms, wherein at least one of —O-D-O— and —O-E-O— denotes 1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)cyclohexane residue. The composition is characterized in its restricted water absorption. Also disclosed is a process for the preparation of the composition.

Abstract: A process comprising: a) reacting a diphenol monomer A with a monomer B having two locations for reaction with A to form arylene ether monomer C and b) reacting arylene ether monomer C with a diphenol monomer D to form a polymer, where monomer A is HX1-Q1-X1H;??(II) monomer B is arylene ether monomer C is and monomer D is wherein: Q1 comprises at least one aryl or heteroaryl group; Q2 comprises at least one aryl or heteroaryl group; X1 is O bonded directly to an aryl carbon of Q1; X2 is O bonded directly to an aryl carbon of Q2; Z is a linker comprising at least one —(C(R2)2)— group; Y is a single bond or linker group (e.g., comprising up to about 50 carbons); R1 is independently at each occurrence H, a halogen, an alkyl group, a heteroalkyl group, an aryl group, or a heteroaryl group; R2 is independently at each occurrence H, an alkyl group, or a heteroalkyl group; and R3 is H or a crosslinkable group.

Abstract: An acid anhydride of the formula (4), and a polyimide using the acid anhydride, wherein anhydrides are substituted at sites 3 or sites 4, which acid anhydride is obtained from, as a raw material, a bifunctional phenylene ether oligomer having a number average molecular weight of 500 to 3,000, represented by the formula (1).

Abstract: The present invention relates to molding compositions comprising A) from 39 to 99% by weight of at least one polyarylene ether sulfone built up from bifunctional monomer units, B) from 1 to 20% by weight of at least one polyarylene ether sulfone containing, based on the total weight of component B, from 0.1 to 10% by weight of units which derive from 1,1,1-tris(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethane, C) from 0 to 60% by weight of at least one filler, D) from 0 to 40% by weight of at least one impact-modifying rubber, and E) from 0 to 40% by weight of one or more various additives, where the percentages by weight of components A to E give 100% in total, and also to a process for preparing these molding compositions, to their use, and to moldings, films, fibers, or foams obtainable from these molding compositions.

Abstract: Disclosed is an aromatic sulfonic acid ester derivative represented by the formula (1); in the formula, X is an atom or a group selected from a halogen atom excluding fluorine, —OSO3CH3 and —OSO3CF3, A is a divalent electron attractive group, B is a divalent electron donating group or a direct bonding, Ra is a hydrocarbon group of 1 to 20 carbon atoms, Ar is an aromatic group having a substituent of —SO3Rb (wherein Rb is a hydrocarbon group of 1 to 20 carbon atoms), m is an integer of 0 to 10, n is an integer of 0 to 10 and k is an integer of 1 to 4. Also disclosed is a process for producing a polyarylene having a sulfonic acid group, which process comprises the steps of coupling polymerization of an aromatic compound containing the derivative of the formula (1), to prepare a polyarylene and hydrolysis of the polyarylene, and which process has high safety and is easily capable of controlling the amount of sulfonoc acid group introduced into a polymer and the introducing position thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel novolac resins obtained by coupling at least one aromatic compound (A) comprising at least two hydroxyl groups and at least one aldehyde (B) in the presence of an acid catalyst and in the presence of water and/or an organic solvent, followed by a step of alkylating the coupling resin thus obtained with at least one unconjugated diene (C), preferably containing no indene. These novolac resins are advantageously used in vulcanized and crosslinked elastomeric compositions since their viscosity, which is lower than that of the resins of the prior art, allows them to be handled easily. They are also used as adhesion promoters for improving the adhesion of rubber to reinforcing materials such as organic fibres made in particular of rayon, polyesters, polyamides or aramids, and metal cords made of steel, in particular brass steel or galvanized steel.

Abstract: Crosslinked polymer blends comprising a poly(arylene ether) and a nonlinear optical chromophore. Also featured are electro-optic devices incorporating these blends.

Abstract: A continuous process comprising: contacting a mixture comprising dihydroxy aromatic compound, water and an alkylating agent with a catalyst system in the presence of a flowing carrier gas, to form a mono alkylated dihydroxy aromatic compound, wherein the catalyst system is obtained by the calcination of a catalyst precursor system comprising a metal oxide precursor, a transition metal element and a pore former.

Abstract: A polymer comprising units having the formula (I) wherein: Q1 comprises at least one aryl or heteroaryl group; Q2 comprises at least one aryl or heteroaryl group; X1 is O bonded directly to an aryl carbon of Q1; X2 is O bonded directly to an aryl carbon of Q2; Z is a linker comprising at least one —C(R2)2)— group; Y is a single bond or linker group (e.g., comprising up to about 50 carbons); R1 is independently at each occurrence H, a halogen, an alkyl group, a heteroalkyl group, an aryl group, or a heteroaryl group; R2 is independently at each occurrence H, an alkyl group, or a heteroalkyl group; and R3 is H or a crosslinkable group.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to manufacture high quality thermotropic liquid-crystalline polymer generating no low boiling gas and inducing no discoloration resulted from thermal degradation at high yield. To manufacture a liquid-crystalline polymer having 50 mol % or larger ratio of constitutive unit introduced from 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, the reaction is conducted under the presence of an acylating agent and of a catalyst quantity of aromatic sulfonic acid.

Abstract: An improvement in the continuous two-phase interfacial condensation process for preparing polycarbonate is disclosed. In the process that entails at least one diphenol, phosgene, at least one chain terminator, and optionally branching agents and is carried out in the presence of a catalyst the improvement comprising maintaining the concentration of the catalyst at a level of at least 0.012 mol per mol of diphenol.

Abstract: A curable resin composition containing a polyfunctional cyanate ester resin and a bifunctional phenylene ether oligomer having a number average molecular weight of 500 to 3,000 and having a specific structure represented by the formula (1), and a cured product thereof.

Abstract: A polymer comprising units having the formula (I) wherein: Q1 comprises at least one aryl or heteroaryl group; Q2 comprises at least one aryl or heteroaryl group; X1 is O bonded directly to an aryl carbon of Q1; X2 is O bonded directly to an aryl carbon of Q2; Z is a linker comprising at least one —(C(R2)2)— group; Y is a single bond or linker group (e.g., comprising up to about 50 carbons); R1 is independently at each occurrence H, a halogen, an alkyl group, a heteroalkyl group, an aryl group, or a heteroaryl group; R2 is independently at each occurrence H, an alkyl group, or a heteroalkyl group; and R3 is H or a crosslinkable group.

Abstract: The present invention is generally directed to a polymeric metal complex comprising a polymeric material having a plurality of a first-type functional groups, wherein at least a portion of the functional groups are coordinated to at least one metal containing complex, polymeric-metal complex salts comprising at least one polymeric material having a plurality of first-type functional groups having a charge, and at least one metal complex having an opposite charge. It further relates to devices that are made with the polymeric metal complex or the polymeric-metal complex salt.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing an ?-dihydroxy derivative from an aryl allyl ether wherein such ?-dihydroxy derivative can be used to prepare an ?-halohydrin intermediate and an epoxy resin prepared therefrom including epoxidizing an ?-halohydrin intermediate produced from a halide substitution of an ?-dihydroxy derivative which has been obtained by a dihydroxylation reaction of an aryl allyl ether in the presence of an oxidant or in the presence of an oxidant and a catalyst.

Abstract: A benzobisazole polymer having repeating units of the formula: wherein Q is and wherein Z is —O—, —S— or —NH—. A new method for preparing 1,5-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid from 1,5-diaminonaphthalene under relatively mild conditions in good yields is also described.

Abstract: A process comprising: a) reacting a diphenol monomer A with a monomer B having two locations for reaction with A to form arylene ether monomer C and b) reacting arylene ether monomer C with a diphenol monomer D to form a polymer, where monomer A is HX1—Q1—X1H;??(II) monomer B is arylene ether monomer C is and monomer D is wherein: Q1 comprises at least one aryl or heteroaryl group; Q2 comprises at least one aryl or heteroaryl group; X1 is O bonded directly to an aryl carbon of Q1; X2 is O bonded directly to an aryl carbon of Q2; Z is a linker comprising at least one —C(R2)2)— group; Y is a single bond or linker group (e.g., comprising up to about 50 carbons); R1 is independently at each occurrence H, a halogen, an alkyl group, a heteroalkyl group, an aryl group, or a heteroaryl group; R2 is independently at each occurrence H, an alkyl group, or a heteroalkyl group; and R3 is H or a crosslinkable group.

Abstract: The present invention provides an energy curable composition including a compound having an aromatic or heteroaromatic moiety; at least two fluorinated alkylene, arylene or polyether moieties, each fluorinated alkylene, arylene or polyether moiety being linked to the aromatic or heteroaromatic moiety through an ether or thioether; and at least one ethylenically unsaturated moiety, each ethylenically unsaturated moiety being linked to one of the fluorinated alkylene, arylene or polyether moieties. The present invention also provides an energy curable composition including a compound having an isocyanurate moiety, three fluorinated alkylene, arylene, or polyether moieties linked to the isocyanurate moiety at the nitrogens of the isocyanurate, and at least one ethylenically unsaturated moiety linked to one of the fluorinated alkylene, arylene, or polyether moieties. The present invention further provides polymeric materials and optical devices made using these compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of preparing a solution of a polymer comprising recurring azole units, which comprises dissolving a sufficiently dried polymer comprising recurring azole units of the formula where the radicals Ar, Ar1 and Ar2 are tetravalent, divalent or trivalent aromatic or heteroaromatic groups and the radicals X, which are identical within a repeating unit, are each an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or an amino group bearing a hydrogen atom, a group having 1–20 carbon atoms, preferably a branched or unbranched alkyl or alkoxy group, or an aryl group as further radical, in N,N-dimethylacetamide having a sufficiently low water content at a temperature above room temperature under an inert gas atmosphere, wherein a sufficiently dried polymer comprising recurring azole units of the formula (1) or (2) of which 90% by weight based on the total weight of the polymer comprising recurring azole units has a particle size of less than 1 mm is used.

Abstract: A phenolic resin obtainable by reacting a dihydroxy compound of the following formula (1) with a phenolic compound, wherein the dihydroxy compound is partially dehydrated.

Abstract: A method for making an amine-terminated polyarylene polyether thermoplastic in which a liquid/solid slurry reaction mixture is formed in an oxygen-free atmosphere. The reaction mixture is composed of a dihydroxyaromatic compound, a dihaloaromatic compound, an amino-hydroxyaromatic compound, a weak base, an aprotic polar solvent and a non-aromatic azeotrope former which is substantially imiscible with the aprotic polar solvent, said azeotrope former consisting of a molecule which has from 6 to 10 carbon atoms. The reaction mixture is refluxed at an elevated temperature to eventually produce a solution of the amine-terminated polyarylene polyether in the polar solvent. The method is designed for use in producing large amounts of thermoplastic in a simple, efficient and reliable manner.

Abstract: A polymeric network comprises a plurality of monomers that include a cage compound with at least three arms, wherein at least one of the arms has two or more branches, and wherein each of the branches further comprises a reactive group. Monomers in contemplated polymeric networks are covalently coupled to each other via the reactive groups. Particularly contemplated cage compounds include adamantane and diamantane, and especially contemplated branched arms comprise ortho-bis(phenylethynyl)phenyl. Especially contemplated polymeric networks have a dielectric constant of no more than 3.0, and are formed on the surface of a substrate.

Abstract: A bifunctional phenylene ether oligomer of the formula (1), obtained by oxidation polymerization of a bivalent phenol of the formula (2) and a monovalent phenol of the formula (3), (wherein —X— is represented by the formula (2?), and Y—O— is represented by the formula (3), R2, R3, R4, R8, R9, R10 and R11 in the formula (2?) and the formula (3?) being required not to be a hydrogen atom, and its use.

Abstract: A heat-resistant polyether having a heat resistance to a temperature of 300° C. or higher, sufficient solubility in organic solvents, low water absorption and high adhesion to substrates is provided by a heat-resistant polyether including a repeating unit represented by the formula (1) and having a polystyrene-converted weight-average molecular weight determined by GPC of not less than 1000 and not more than 50000: wherein Ar represents a bivalent organic group having an aromatic ring; R1 to R8 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an aryl group which may be substituted; and when at least one of R1 to R8 is an aryl group which may be substituted, X represents a direct bond or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, while when all of R1 to R8 are hydrogen atoms, X is represented by the formula (2): —CR9(R10)—??(2) wherein R9 and R10 each independently represent an aryl group which may be substituted.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel epoxy resins and epoxy resin compositions comprising said epoxy resins or cured articles thereof. The cured articles have excellent properties in respect to flame retardance, adhesiveness, moisture resistance and heat resistance and can be used in applications such as lamination, molding, casting and adhesion. The epoxy resins of this invention are represented by the following formula (3) wherein Y1 denotes a glycidyloxyarylmethyl group represented by —CH2—Ar—OG, Y2 and Y3 denote independently a glycidyl group or the aforementioned glycidyloxyarylmethyl group, Ar denotes a phenylene group which can be substituted with up to two hydrocarbon groups and G denotes a glycidyl group.

Abstract: An aromatic ether oligomer or polyaromatic ether comprising the formula: wherein Ar is an independently selected divalent aromatic radical; formed by reacting a dihydroxyaromatic with a dihaloaromatic; and wherein the reaction is performed in the presence of a copper compound and cesium carbonate. The polyaromatic ether is formed when neither the dihydroxyaromatic nor the dihaloaromatic is present in an excess amount. The aromatic ether oligomer is formed by using an excess of either dihydroxyaromatic or dihaloaromatic. A phthalonitrile monomer comprising the formula: formed by reacting a 3- or 4-nitrophthalonitrile with a hydroxy-terminated aromatic ether oligomer. A thermoset formed by curing the phthalonitrile monomer. Processes for forming all the above.

Abstract: To provide a fluorinated aromatic polymer having excellent heat resistance and a low relative permittivity; and an insulating film for electronic devices and an insulating film for multilayered wiring boards, which are made of the polymer. A fluorinated aromatic polymer which contains two or more crosslinkable functional groups (A) per molecule and has a number average molecular weight of from 1×103 to 5×105 and an ether linkage and which is produced by e.g.

Abstract: The present invention provides a biphenyl based epoxy resin comprising a curing agent and an inorganic filler containing an alkali alkaline earth metal oxide wherein the epoxy resin has a variation rate of hardness at 25° C. and a relative humidity of 50% for 72 hours of less than 10% and a variation rate of flow at 25° C. and a relative humidity of 20% or below for 72 hours of less than 20%.

Abstract: The present disclosure is in part directed to optical devices for modulating light comprising compounds which spontaneously align. The disclosure is also directed to electro-optic compounds wherein chromophore substituents are chemically bound to a chiral polymer. In one embodiment, the chiral polymer comprises a binaphthyl monomeric unit.

Abstract: The following invention relates to phenyl-linked polybenzoxazoles having terminal, aryl- or heteroaryl-attached cyanate groups which can be used for adhesive bonding and as dielectrics, especially for electronic components, and to a process for preparing them.

Abstract: A thermoplastic polymer mixture comprising at least on thermoplastic polycarbonate polymer, and at least one mold release agent including at least one polyol component, is described. At least one polyol component (I) of the mold release agent consists of a parent substance with at least 4 carbon atoms, at least 3 hydroxyl groups, at least one hydroxyl group esterified with an aliphatic carboxylic acid, and at least one free hydroxyl group.

Abstract: A polycarbonate resin with a polystyrene-converted weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 20,000 to 200,000 obtained by forming a carbonate bond from a dihydroxy compound represented by the general formula (1), a dihydroxy compound represented by the general formula (2) and bis(hydroxyphenyl) methane and a carbonic acid diester or phosgene, having higher stiffness and better balance of mechanical properties than conventional aromatic polycarbonate resin to be derived from 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane.

Abstract: Polymers are prepared from A) 60 to 95 percent by weight of a mixture including A1) 20 to 70 percent by weight of hydroxyalkyl amino triazines and A2) 30 to 80 percent by weight of bis(hydroxyalkyl) amino triazines B) 5 to 40 percent by weight of polyfunctional compounds selected from one or more of B1) polyisocyanates and/or oligomeric polyesters or polyethers with isocyanate end groups, B2) aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, esters, chlorides or anhydrides, or aromatic polybasic acids, esters, chlorides or anhydrides, B3) aliphatic or aromatic diglycidal compounds or triglycidyl compounds, and, optionally, C) 1 to 20 percent by weight of aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic dihydroxy compounds, polyalkylene glycols and aliphatic aldehydes.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide an organic polymer excellent in heat resistance and chemical resistance and having a low dielectric constant. This object can be achieved by a polyether resin having a repeating unit of following formula (1): wherein R1 to R3 independently represent hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or a substituent, or two of R1 to R3 may be mutually bonded to form a ring; R4 denotes hydrogen atom, an alkyl group with 1 to 10 carbons which may be substituted, a cycloalkyl group with 6 to 10 carbons which may be substituted, an aromatic ring with 6 to 14 carbons which may be substituted, a trialkylsilyl group which may be substituted, or a hydroxyalkyl; and Ar represents a divalent aromatic ring.

Abstract: A polyarylene copolymer which comprises (A) aromatic compound units having a main chain containing one or more electron-withdrawing groups therein and (B) aromatic compound units having a main chain containing no electron-withdrawing groups therein, and a proton-conductive membrane comprising the polyarylene copolymer having sulfonic acid groups.

Abstract: A block copolymer for use as a solid polymer electrolyte, said block copolymer having at least first and second segments, the first segments being hydrophilic segments provided with acidic substituents for proton transport and the second segments being hydrophobic segments having substantially no acidic substituents and serving for the mechanical integrity of the solid polymer electrolyte. Also described and claimed are an ion-conductive membrane made from block copolymers of the aforementioned kind as well as methods of preparing such block copolymers and membranes based thereon. The membranes have improved proton conductivity and improved mechanical properties in the presence of water making them particularly suitable for use in fuel cells.

Abstract: A monomer containing an electron-withdrawing group and an electron-donative group which can be easily controlled in the upper limit of the amount of a sulfonic acid, which impairs the mechanical properties of a copolymer, and can provide a sulfonated polymer that forms a proton-conductive membrane having a high proton conductivity over a wide temperature range, an excellent mechanical strength and an excellent proton conductivity and showing inhibited swelling in hot water and an aqueous solution of methanol, and a copolymer obtained from the monomer. A monomer containing an electron-withdrawing group and an electron-donative group represented by the following general formula (1): wherein Y represents a iodine atom, chlorine atom or bromine atom; X represents an electron-withdrawing group; B represents an electron-donative group; and Z represents an aryl group having a specific structure or a monovalent condensed ring hydrocarbon group such as naphthyl group.

Abstract: A bifunctional phenylene ether oligomer of the formula (1), obtained by oxidation polymerization of abivalent phenol of the formula (2) and a monovalent phenol of the formula (3), H&Brketopenst;O—Y&Brketclosest;a&Parenopenst;O—X—O&Parenclosest;&Brketopenst;Y—O&Brketclosest;bH  (1) HO—X—OH  (2) Y—OH  (3) wherein —X— is represented by the formula (2′),  and Y—O— is represented by the formula (3), R2, R3, R4, R8, R9, R10 and R11 in the formula (2′) and the formula (3′) being required not to be a hydrogen atom, and its use.

Abstract: An aromatic ether oligomer or polyaromatic ether comprising the formula:

Abstract: An aromatic ether oligomer or polyaromatic ether comprising the formula: 1

Abstract: An aromatic ether oligomer or polyaromatic ether comprising the formula:

Abstract: The present invention is directed to low dielectric polymers and to methods of producing these low dielectric constant polymers, dielectric materials and layers, and electronic components. In one aspect of the present invention, an isomeric mixture of thermosetting monomers, wherein the monomers have a core structure and a plurality of arms, is provided, and the isomeric mixture of thermosetting monomers is polymerized, wherein polymerization comprises a reaction of an ethynyl group that is located in at least one arm of a monomer.

Abstract: To provide a fluorinated aromatic polymer having excellent heat resistance and a low relative permittivity; and an insulating film for electronic devices and an insulating film for multilayered wiring boards, which are made of the polymer. A fluorinated aromatic polymer which contains two or more crosslinkable functional groups (A) per molecule and has a number average molecular weight of from 1×103 to 5×105 and an ether linkage and which is produced by e.g.