Abstract: The present invention provides novel polyesteramides and containers having improved gas barrier properties formed therefrom. The novel polyesteramides comprise the reaction product of a diamine having 2 to about 20 carbon atoms, a diol containing up to about 24 carbon atoms, and a dicarboxylic acid component. The dicarboxylic acid component consists essentially of about 5 to 100 mole % of a specified first, heteroatom-containing dicarboxylic acid, and 0 to about 95 mole % of a second dicarboxylic acid containing up to about 24 carbon atoms. In the polyesteramide, the diamine component comprises about 10 to 90 mole % of the total diamine and diol components. The present invention further provides containers, such as molded containers, films, coextruded articles, laminated articles, etc., formed from the polyesteramides of the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention provides containers having improved resistance to gas permeability. The containers are formed from a polyester resin which comprises the reaction product of a diol containing up to about 8 carbon atoms and a diacid component which comprises terephthalic acid and a second diacid selected from iminodiacetic acid, oxydiacetic acid, thiodiacetic acid, and mixtures thereof. The second diacid is present in a concentration of about 1 to 50 mole percent, based upon the total amount of diacid. The polyester resin has an inherent viscosity of about 0.5 to 1.5. A preferred polyester is that derived from ethylene glycol, terephthalic acid, and oxydiacetic acid. The containers which are provided by the present invention may be in the form of sheet, film, molded articles, such as bottles, and other such structures.

Abstract: The addition reaction of hydrogen sulfide with an olefinically unsaturated alkyl carboxylate, to form a product mixture at least 55 weight percent alkyl mercaptoalkanoate, is made immune from significant effects on product selectivity caused by CO.sub.2 contamination of the hydrogen sulfide by selection of the addition catalyst from inorganic and organic bases having an ionization constant greater than 2.0.times.10.sup.-5 at 25.degree. C., such as triethylamine.

Abstract: Disclosed are copolymers having molecular weight from 2,000 to 10,000 and comprising a copolymer of ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol having an average molecular weight of from 200 to 1000 aromatic dicarboxylic acid containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms and alkali metal salt of a sulfonated aromatic dicarboxylic acid containing only carbon, oxygen, hydrogen and sulfur atoms. The copolymers are useful for preparing anionic textile treating compositions.

Abstract: A photosensitive lithographic plate having, on a substrate, a photosensitive layer comprising a photosensitive polyester containing at least (A):(a) an aromatic dicarboxylic acid unit represented by the general formula: ##STR1## where m and n each represents an integer of 0 or 1, with at least one of them being 1,(b) a dicarboxylic acid unit having a sulfonate group, and(c) a diol unit represented by the general formula: ##STR2## represents a hydrogenated benzene ring, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each represents an alkylene group of 2-4 carbon atoms, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 each represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group of 1-6 carbon atoms, r and s each represents an integer of from 0 to 3 and t represents an integer of 0 or 1.

Abstract: Disclosed are colored polyesters having copolymerized therein anthraquinone derivative colorants containing one or more sulfonamido groups. The colored polymers are fast to light and the colorant moieties are not extractable therefrom, rendering from the colored polymers particularly suitable for use in food containers such as molded beverage bottles. The inherent viscosities of these polymers can be varied widely as is well known in the art for different applications. The copolymerizable colorants have the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each hydrogen or 1-3 substituents independently selected from alkyl, alkoxy, and the like; and T represents 1-4 independently selected radicals of the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sub.3 is hydrogen or 1-3 substituents such as alkyl, alkoxy and the like; Z is a divalent linking group such as --NH--, --S--, --O--, and alkoxycarbonyl; and Q is hydroxy, carboxy or alkoxycarbonyl.

Abstract: A deep-dyeable polyester fiber of soft hand comprising recurring units consisting mainly of ethylene terephthalate and --SO.sub.3 M groups in which M is an alkali metal, and having a degree of crystallinity .chi..sub..rho. of from 30 to 55%, a degree of orientation .DELTA.n of from 0.06 to 0.12 and .chi..sub..rho. /.DELTA.n of from 350 to 550. The fiber can be produced by heat treating a melt spun, slightly oriented filament under relaxation and then drawing the heat treated filament at a low temperature.

Abstract: Polyester latex compositions comprising an aqueous continuous phase having dispersed therein loadable hydrophobic polyester particles are disclosed. In the latex(a) substantially all of the polyester particles are less than about 0.2 micron in diameter;(b) the polyester contains from about 0.5 to 5.0 mole percent dicarboxylic acid derived repeating units having a component selected from the group of salts consisting of alkali metal or ammonium iminodisulfonyl and alkali metal or ammonium sulfonate.The latex contains from 0 to 3% surfactant based on the total weight of the polyester.The polyester is optionally loaded with a hydrophobe. Coated layers of the composition are water resistant.

Abstract: Water soluble polyester compositions which, upon cure, are water insoluble. These water-based polyesters are made utilizing hydantoin compounds with salts of a compound containing a sulfo acid group therein. Such compositions are useful as coatings, paints, and the like and eliminate any recovery problems or toxicity problems normally related with many organic solvents.

Abstract: A fast crystallizing polyester wherein the polyester has an intrinsic viscosity of greater than 0.3 and at least 90 mole % of the repeating units of the polyester are residues obtained from aromatic diacids or hydroxyacids and aliphatic diols characterized in that at least some of the acid end groups of the polyester have the formula --Y.sup.- M.sup.+ where M is an alkaline metal ion and Y is an anion selected from carboxylate, sulphinate, phosphinate, phosphate, sulphonate, phosphite and borate ions, which ionized end groups have been produced during polymerization of the polyester by either:(a) copolymerizing units derived from materials of formula X--R--Y.sup.- M.sup.+ wherein X is a group capable of being polymerized onto the polyester chain, R is an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic group, or(b) polymerizing the polyester in the presence of an alkaline metal salt or corresponding base,the concentration of groups of formula Y.sup.- M.sup.

Abstract: Polyesters are prepared by reacting aqueous compositions containing an emulsified hydroxyacid or an emulsified mixture comprising a polyfunctional carboxylic acid or anhydride and a polyfunctional alcohol. The emulsion also contains a suitable polycondensation catalyst. The resultant polyesters are useful as plasticizers and as precursors for alkyd resins and other polymers.

Abstract: An oxidated silicon compound will react with a substituted organic compound in the presence of an alkali compound to produce organic alkali metal silicate products which may be used as molding powders, as adhesives, as coating agents and be reacted with polyisocyanates to produce insulating foams.

Abstract: Photocrosslinkable, organic-solvent-soluble polymers having a Tg greater than 200.degree. C., are disclosed. The polymer contains sufficient radiation-sensitive crosslinkable units to render the polymer insoluble in organic solvents on exposure to radiation to which the crosslinkable units of the polymer are sensitive.

Abstract: Disclosed are highly stable copolyesters having inherent viscosities of at least 0.4 and containing in copolymerized form from about 0.3 to about 5.0% by weight of one or more of the stabilizing moieties having the general formula ##STR1## where R and R.sub.1 are each a chemical bond or an alkylene group of 1-6 carbons; R.sub.2 is alkyl, cycloalkyl, or aryl; R.sub.3 represents 1-5 groups each independently selected from H, Cl, F, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, aryl or aryloxy; wherein all of the above alkyl and alkylene moieties comprising or being part of the R.sub.2 or R.sub.3 groups contain from 1-8 carbons; and wherein all of the above alkyl, alkylene, aryl and cycloalkyl moieties may be substituted with up to three substituents selected from halogen, alkyl of 1-8 carbons, alkoxy of 1-8 carbons, aryl, cycloalkyl and CN.

Abstract: Shaped polyester articles having their surfaces modified with a stain-releasing finish and a process for modifying those surfaces are disclosed. The process subjects the polyester to a water-dispellable non-crystalline polymeric compound in an aqueous swelling environment.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for surface-modifying shaped essentially synthetic fiber articles so as to impart to them stain-release properties that endure through many launderings. The process subjects the article to a water-dispellable non-crystalline polymeric compound and a water-soluble salt in an aqueous swelling environment.

Abstract: An olefinically unsaturated alkyl carboxylate is reacted with hydrogen sulfide in the presence of a lower alkanol using an addition catalyst with water and/or sulfur cocatalyst to give an alkyl mercaptocarboxylate/dialkyl thiodicarboxylate mixture having a high proportion of the mercaptocarboxylate. If sulfur is contained in the cocatalyst, dialkyl dithiodicarboxylates are also formed. The resulting mixture on transesterification with a poly(oxyalkylene)-polyol gives a poly(oxyalkylene)-polyester-poly(monosulfide)-polythiol or a poly(oxyalkylene)-polyester-poly(monosulfide)-poly(disulfide)-polythiol having a good balance of properties.

Abstract: Fast crystallizing polyester compositions obtained by reacting a polyester having an intrinsic viscosity of greater than 0.3 which polyester comprises aromatic or cycloaliphatic residues obtained from diacids and/or hydroxyacids and aliphatic, aromatic or cycloaliphatic residues of diols with an ionizable metal salt of a compound containing a group of the formula >NH, preferably selected from compounds of the formula: ##STR1## and acid amides, lactams, polyamides and sulphonamides.

Abstract: Polymer containing a plurality of organic sulfonate-containing groups is capable of being dissolved or dispersed in a liquid medium. The polymer is useful as a pigment dispersant and as film-forming polymer in coating compositions.

Abstract: A mercaptan-containing compound and a particular curing package comprise a composition which is curable on exposure to an atmosphere containing oxygen.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are heat-activatable adhesive compositions containing a water-dispersible polyester which comprisesA. an acid component comprising:(1) from about 8 to about 16 mole percent of units derived from at least one dicarboxylic acid having an ionic iminosulfonyl moiety containing a monovalent cation as an imino nitrogen substituent;(2) from about 40 to about 70 mole percent of units derived from at least one dicarboxylic acid selected from the group consisting of aliphatic dicarboxylic acids having the formula HOOC--(CH.sub.2).sub.

Abstract: A sealant composition based on a mercaptan-terminated liquid polymer, fillers, plasticizer, and curing agent wherein the liquid mercaptan-terminated polymer employed is prepared from a mercapto acid or mercapto acid ester and a polyoxypropylene glycol, the polyoxypropylene glycol having been end-capped with ethylene oxide prior to esterification to give primary alcohol terminal groups. The cured sealant based on the ethylene oxide-end capped polymer exhibits a non-tacky surface, whereas a cured sealant based on a propylene oxide end-capped glycol exhibits a tacky surface.

Abstract: A curing agent package is provided for polymercaptan-terminated polymers comprising selected metal oxides and organonitrogen accelerators and promoters commonly considered as rubber vulcanization accelerators. More specifically, sealant and coating compositions are prepared by curing a mixture comprising a mercaptan-terminated polyether-polyester liquid polymer, a curing agent package of a non-lead metal oxide curing agent and an organonitrogen accelerator or promoter, and, optionally, non-elastomeric materials.

Abstract: A thermoplastic polyester resinous composition which comprises (a) a thermoplastic polyester, (b) an epoxy compound and (c) an organic sulfonate and/or organic sulfate salt, is disclosed. The polyester composition has excellent form stability in melt as well as beneficial mechanical properties such as impact strength. The composition can be molded to form various shaped articles by use of conventional molding methods.

Abstract: Thermotropic, wholly aromatic polythiolesters exhibit an anisotropic melt. The polythiolesters may be prepared from monomers selected such that all or substantially all of the repeating groups are thiolester groups. Alternatively, the monomers can be selected such that sufficient thiolester groups are present to impart processability to a normally non-tractable polyester. Preparation of the polythiolesters is typically accomplished by melt polymerization of an esterified aromatic mercaptan compound, either alone or with other copolymerizable monomers. The polythiolesters may be melt processed into fibers, films or other types of shaped articles.

Abstract: Novel compounds are provided comprising dicyanosulfinates, dicyanosulfonates and dicyanosulfones as well as process of preparing these compounds. These novel compounds are useful in the preparation of monomers for use in polymers, particularly polymers useful in the fibers and textile industry.

Abstract: A separable unitary composite fiber of the type having a substantially uniformly shaped transverse cross-section along its length and comprised of at least two different polymer components, one of which is soluble in a given solvent and the other of which is relatively insoluble in the given solvent; a plurality of segments of the relatively insoluble polymer component being isolated from each other by the intervening soluble polymer component in the transverse cross-section of the composite fiber. The composite fiber is characterized in that the soluble polymer component is a polyester comprised of 80 to 97% by mole of ethylene terephthalate units and 3 to 20% by mole of ethylene 5-sodium-sulfoisophthalate units, and the relatively insoluble polymer component is a fiber-forming polyester and/or polyamide.

Abstract: Composition comprising a linear, water-dissipatable polymer having an inherent viscosity of at least about 0.1 and comprising the reaction products of the following components or ester forming or esteramide forming derivatives thereof;(a) at least one dicarboxylic acid;(b) at least one difunctional sulfomonomer containing at least one metal sulfonate group attached to an aromatic nucleus wherein the functional groups are hydroxy, carboxyl or amino; and(c) a glycol or a mixture of a glycol and diamine having two --NRH groups, the glycol containing two --CH.sub.2 --OH groups of which from about 0.1 to less than 15 mole percent based on the total mole percent of hydroxy or hydroxy and amino equivalents, is a poly(ethylene glycol) having the structural formula:H--OCH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2).sub.n OHn being an integer of between 2 and about 500, with the proviso that the mole percent of said poly(ethylene glycol) within said range is inversely proportional to the quantity of n within said range.

Abstract: An olefinically unsaturated alkyl carboxylate is reacted with hydrogen sulfide in the presence of a lower alkanol using an addition catalyst with water and/or sulfur cocatalyst to give an alkyl mercaptocarboxylate/dialkyl thiodicarboxylate mixture having a high proportion of the mercaptocarboxylate. If sulfur is contained in the cocatalyst, dialkyl dithiodicarboxylates are also formed. The resulting mixture on transesterification with a poly(oxyalkylene)-polyol gives a poly(oxyalkylene)-polyester-poly(monosulfide)-polythiol or a poly(oxyalkylene)-polyester-poly(monosulfide)-poly(disulfide)-polythiol having a good balance of properties.

Abstract: A mercaptan-containing compound and a particular curing package comprise a composition which is curable on exposure to an atmosphere containing oxygen.

Abstract: At least one of an organo selenium and an organo tellurium curing agent is incorporated with a sealant comprising essentially a mercaptan-terminated polyether-polyester liquid polymer. In one embodiment there is provided a sealant composition comprising at least one of a selenium and tellurium N-substituted dithiocarbamate curing agent. Final compositions are obtained having improved thermal stability at temperatures of the order of 150.degree. C.

Abstract: The present invention relates in general to vulcanizable elastomers of thiodiethanol and, in particular, to the provision of a novel vulcanization system for vulcanizable elastomers of thiodiethanol, comprising sulfur and certain pyrazine compounds.

Abstract: Polyester films are modified by the addition of a high molecular weight polyethylene glycol and an alkali metal salt of a sulfonic acid-substituted dicarboxylic acid ester to the reaction medium during the polymerization process. Films prepared for example, from diesters of terephthalic acid in the presence of the modifiers of this invention exhibit good permeability to water vapor.

Abstract: The present invention relates in general to sulfur-vulcanizable elastomers derived from thiodiethanol and, in particular to the provision of a novel vulcanization system therefor comprising sulfur and an aliphatic linear, branched chain of cyclic polyethyleneamine or a dissociable organic salt thereof.

Abstract: Dyeing with disperse dyes is made more uniform when there is used as a levelling agent a branched polyester which has an apparent average molecular weight of from about 600 to about 5,000, disperses itself in water, and is essentially an ester-linked combination of hydrocarbyloxy groups and carboxyl-derived acyl groups, the groups being linked together as a branched chain by the ester linkages and relative to the carboxy-derived acyl groups the polyester contains from about 5 to about 50 mol.% of COOH or COOM groups and less than 5 mol.% of SO.sub.3 M groups, wherein M denotes the cation of an alkali metal, the ammonium ion or the cationic radical of an organic amine, the number of branches on an interesterified group being not over three and at least 50 mol.% of the hydrocarbyloxy groups are in diethylene glycol or triethylene glycol groups.

Abstract: Water-soluble polyester having an apparent molecular weight between about 600 and about 5,000 and a SO.sub.3 M group content between about 5 to about 40 mol percent based on the number of mols of dicarboxylic and/or polycarboxylic acids esterified in the polyester, and an at least trifunctional alcohol and/or an at least trifunctional carboxylic acid content between about 1 to about 40 mol percent based on the number of mols of dicarboxylic and/or polycarboxylic acids esterified in the polyester so that the polyester is correspondingly branched and M denotes a cation of an alkali metal, the ammonium ion or the cationic radical of an organic amine. The improved polyester is particularly suited as a levelling agent in the disperse dyeing of polyester fibers or the like.

Abstract: Hair-treatment agents having a content of branched copolyesters dispersible or soluble in water and an apparent molecular weight of 600 to 5000, and having a content of SO.sub.3 M groups, wherein M represents an alkali metal ion or ammonium ion or the cationic radical of an organic amine.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are heat-activatable adhesive compositions comprising a water-soluble condensation polymer which is characterized by having a glycol component comprising one or more diols, preferably one of which is 1,4-bis(2-hydroxyethoxy)cyclohexane; and an acid component comprising greater than 15 and up to about 35 mole percent of at least one diacid or diester monomer having an iminodisulfonyl salt moiety, and from about 65 to about 85 mole percent of one or more other diacids or diesters. These adhesives are further characterized as having high bonding strengths at temperatures above 50.degree. C. They have been found useful in a variety of photographic materials, and particularly in image transfer film units.

Abstract: This invention relates to a resinous composition curable to an insoluble and infusible resin, which comprises: (i) a compound having at least 2 or more unsaturated cycloacetal groups per molecule, expressed by the formula, ##STR1## (ii) a compound having at least 2 or more mercapto groups (--SH) per molecule, said compound (i) and compound (ii) being mixed in the functional group ratio of 1 : 0.5 - 1.7 and the average total number of the unsaturated cycloacetal groups and mercapto groups being 4 or more.

Abstract: Poly(oxyalkylene)-polyester-poly(sulfide)-polythiol is prepared by ester interchange between an alkyl mercaptocarboxylate/dialkyl thiodicarboxylate mixture and a poly(oxyalkylene)-polyol. The resulting polymer is a liquid material having more than two, preferably at least three pendant thiol groups. This polymer exhibits exceptional stability and is well suited for sealant applications.

Abstract: The reaction for the manufacture of linear polyesters by polycondensing dicarboxylic acids, hydroxycarboxylic acids or the esters and diols thereof is speeded up by the addition of 1 to 25% by weight of esters of phosphoric and/or phosphorous acid.