Abstract: Process for the preparation of neutral poly(ethylene-3,4-dioxythiophenes) of the general formula (I) in which R1 and R2, independently of one another, each represent H or C1 to C9-alkyl, it also being possible for R2 to be CH2—O—R3 with R3=H or C1 to C9-alkyl, cycloalkyl or aralkyl, when R1 represents H, and n represents 2 to 200, suitable thiophene monomers being reacted in an organic solvent with an oxidizing agent and the oxidizing agent being used in 50 to 99.9% of the stoichiometrically required amount. The neutral poly(ethylene-3,4-dioxythiophenes) thus obtainable are distinguished in particular by their solubility in organic solvents.

Abstract: A material for making a conductive pattern, the material comprising a support and a conductive element, the conductive element containing a polyanion and an intrinsically conductive polymer, characterized in that one surface of the conductive element is an outermost surface of the material, the other surface of the conductive element is contiguous with a patterned surface, the patterned surface consisting of at least two types of surface element, and those parts of the conductive element contiguous with one type of the surface elements are capable of being at least partially removed by a developer.

Abstract: A 3,4-alkylenedioxythiophenedioxide compound represented by formula 1

Abstract: Polymers and copolymers comprising repeating units of 5 thieno[3,4-b]thiophene. Water-borne dispersions of such polymers and copolymers can be cast by conventional methods to provide uniform, thin films which possess utility in numerous electroactive applications including electrochromic displays, optically transparent electrodes and antistatic coatings. The compositions of this invention can be doped with conventional p-dopants or n-dopants. The invention also presents an aqueous process for preparing such polymeric compositions.

Abstract: A thiophene compound represented by formula (I): 1

Abstract: An episulfide compound useful as a starting material for optical materials that have a high refractive index and a high Abbe's number is provided. A method for producing the same and an optical product made with the same are also provided. The episulfide compound may be represented by the general formula (1): wherein EP represents and n is an integer of from 0 to 2. A method for producing the episulfide compound represented by the general formula (1) may involve reacting a mercapto group-containing episulfide compound with 2,4,6-trimethylene-1,3,5-trithiane.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions formed by a method for exchanging solvent in a mixture that includes water and an optionally substituted thiophene. Also disclosed are methods for making and using such compositions.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions formed by a method for exchanging the water in an optionally substituted polythiophene dispersion with a specific mixture of organic solvents. The resulting compositions exhibit improved electrical conductivity, optical transparency, environmental stability, excellent adhesion to a variety of substrates and processing characteristics. Also disclosed are methods for making and using such compositions.

Abstract: PHA containing a novel 3-hydroxy-thioalkanoic acid unit having a highly reactive thienyl group in a side chain thereof, and a method of producing the same are provided. Specifically, 5-(2-thienyl-sulfanyl)valeric acid represented by Chemical Formula [4] below and 6-(2-thienylsulfanyl)hexanoic acid represented by Chemical Formula [5] below are provided. Further, a method of producing PHA, comprising the step of collecting PHA from cells of a microorganism cultured in a medium containing the valeric acid or hexanoic acid, and a novel PHA represented by Chemical Formula [1] below are provided.

Abstract: This invention presents polymers and copolymers comprising repeating units of thieno[3,4-b]thiophene. Water-borne dispersions of such polymers and copolymers can be cast by conventional methods to provide uniform, thin films which possess utility in numerous electroactive applications including electrochromic displays, optically transparent electrodes and antistatic coatings. The compositions of this invention can be doped with conventional p-dopants or n-dopants. The invention also presents an aqueous process for preparing such compositions of matter.

Abstract: Mono-, oligo- and polymers comprising one or more identical or different recurring units of formula I —[(Y)a—(D)b—(Z)c]—  I wherein D is a 3-substituted-4-fluorothiophene group of formula II, wherein Y, Z, R1, a, b and c have the meanings defined herein, are useful as semiconductors or charge transport materials.

Abstract: A method of preparing a sulfur-containing compound having at least one thio group in the molecules by reacting a thiol compound with an organic compound having at least one functional group capable of forming a thio group in the molecules upon reacting with a mercapto group in the presence of a basic compound, wherein the number of moles of water contained in the reaction system is set to be not larger than 7.5 times as large as the number of moles obtained by multiplying the number of moles of the thiol compound to be reacted by a number of mercapto groups present in one molecule of the thiol compound.

Abstract: Conjugated copolymers of dithienothiophene with vinylene or acetylene are suitable for use as semiconductors or charge transport materials in optical, electrooptical or electronic devices including field effect transistors, electroluminescent, photovoltaic and sensor devices.

Abstract: A process for polymerizing/curing a photopolymerizable monomer composition comprising at least one diepisulfide monomer which comprises the steps of: a) mixing to the monomer composition an effective amount of a cationic photopolymerization initiator, and b) irradiating the mixture of a) with an ultraviolet radiation to at least partially cationically photopolymerize the monomer composition.

Abstract: Describes novel polyfunctional thiiranes. Also described are polymerizable compositions comprising such novel polyfunctional thiiranes, and polymerizates, e.g., optical lenses, prepared therefrom. The described polymerizates may have a refractive index of at least 1.6, and an Abbe number of at least 27.

Abstract: A luminescent polymer comprising a triarylene repeat unit which comprises a triarylene of general formula (I) which is substituted or unsubstituted and an arylene repeat unit -[-Ar-]- that is different from the triarylene repeat unit wherein X, Y and Z are each independently O, S, CR2, SiR2 or NR and each R is independently alkyl, aryl or H.

Abstract: In the present invention, an episulfide compound having, in one molecule, at least one epithio structure represented by the following Formula 2: 1

Abstract: The episulfide compound of the present invention has, in one molecule, one or more epithio structures represented by the following Formula 1: 1

Abstract: The present invention relates to polythiophenes, particularly regioregular head-to-tail poly(3-alkylthiophenes) (HT-PATs), block copolymers made therefrom, and their methods of formation. The present invention provides HT-PATs with well-defined, specific end-groups, functionalization of the defined HT-PATs, and incorporation of end group functionalized HT-PATs into block copolymers with structural polymers. The intrinsically conductive diblock and triblock copolymers, formed from the HT-PATs, have excellent conductivity and low polydispersities that are useful in a number of applications. The block copolymers of the present invention have been found to exhibit conductivities that range from a low of 10−8 S/cm for certain applications to as high as several hundred S/cm or more.

Abstract: The new fluorocarbon-functionalized and/or heterocycle-modified polythiophenes, in particular, &agr;,&ohgr;-diperfluorohexylsexithiophene DFH-6T can be straightforwardly prepared in high yield and purity. Introduction of such modifications to a thiophene core affords enhanced thermal stability and volatility, and increased electron affinity versus the unmodified compositions of the prior art. Evaporated films behave as n-type semiconductors, and can be used to fabricate thin film transistors with FET mobilities ˜0.01 cm2/Vs—some of the highest reported to date for n-type organic semiconductors.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound or complex comprising at least two moieties, each moiety being comprised of two or more thiophenes fused directly to each other. Also provided is a method for the production of the compounds of the present invention, which method comprises the coupling of one fused thiophene derivative to another fused thiophene derivative.

Abstract: A curable resin composition which has excellent curability and storage stability, and in particular, which has improved storage stability under the condition where the resin composition only contains the resin component and the latent curing agent. A curable resin composition having a resin component having oxirane ring and thiirane ring at a ratio (oxirane ring/thiirane ring) of 95/5 to 1/100; and an oxazolidine compound represented by the following formula (1): wherein R1 represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and R2 and R3 independently represent hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, or together form an alicyclic ring or an aromatic ring.

Abstract: Optical devices fabricated from solvent processible polymers suffer from susceptibility to solvents and morphological changes. A semiconductive polymer capable of luminescence in an optical device is provided. The polymer comprises a luminescent film-forming solvent processible polymer which contains cross-linking so as to increase its molar mass and to resist solvent dissolution, the cross-linking being such that the polymer retains semiconductive and luminescent properties.

Abstract: In an electrically conductive organic compound, a side chain portion simultaneously exhibiting refractive index anisotropy and a conjugated system electrical conductivity is bonded to a main chain portion exhibiting &pgr; conjugated system electrical conductivity. The electrically conductive organic compound is used in the production of a constituent element for electronic devices.

Abstract: A thiophene compound represented by formula (I): 1

Abstract: A polyoxyalkylene polyol or monool (I) of the general formula (1) below, in which not less than 40% of the terminally located hydroxyl-containing groups, namely —AO—H groups, are primary hydroxyl-containing groups of the general formula (2) below, or; a method of producing ring-opening polymerization products, by subjecting a heterocyclic compound to ring-opening addition polymerization with an active hydrogen-containing compound, using as a catalyst tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane, tris(pentafluorophenyl)aluminum, etc.

Abstract: A novel dielectric composition is provided that is useful in the manufacture of integrated circuit devices and integrated circuit packaging devices. The dielectric composition is prepared by imidizing and curing an oligomeric precursor compound comprised of a central polybenzoxazole, polybenzothiazole, polyamic acid or polyamic acid ester segment end-capped at each terminus with an aryl-substituted acetylene moiety such as an ortho-bis(arylethynyl)aryl group, e.g., 3,4-bis(phenylethynyl)phenyl. Integrated circuit devices, integrated circuit packaging devices, and methods of synthesis and manufacture are provided as well.

Abstract: The template-guided synthesis of water-soluble, chiral conducting polymer complexes is described. Synthesis of water-soluble polyaniline complexes is achieved by carefully controlling the experimental parameters such as; acid concentration, ionic strength, monomer/template ratio, total reagent concentration, and order of reagent addition. Chiral (helical) polyaniline complexes can be synthesized by addition of a chiral inducing agent (chiral acid) prior to polymerization, and the polyaniline helix can be controlled by the addition of the (+) or (−) form of the chiral acid. Moreover the quantity of chiral acid and the salt content has a significant impact on the degree of chirality in the final polymer complexes. The polyaniline and the template have been found to be mixed at the molecular level which results in chiral complexes that are robust through repeated doping and dedoping cycles.

Abstract: Optical devices fabricated from solvent processible polymers suffer from susceptibility to solvents and morphological changes. A semiconductive polymer capable of luminescence in an optical device is provided. The polymer comprises a luminescent film-forming solvent processible polymer which contains cross-linking so as to increase its molar mass and to resist solvent dissolution, the cross-linking being such that the polymer retains semiconductive and luminescent properties.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a curable composition retaining curability even at a low temperature of −20 to 5° C. and having a low viscosity at such low temperature, the cured product of which is an artifact having excellent water resistance, chemical resistance, mechanical strength and other physical properties. The present invention is directed to a curable composition which comprises a hetero ring-containing compound (A) of the following general formula (1), a compound (B) having 2 or more electrophilic groups reactive with thiol or —S— groups per molecule, and a compound (C) having 2 or more nucleophilic groups per molecule: wherein n represents an integer of 1 to 10; X1, Y1 and Z1 each represents an oxygen or sulfur atom; R1 represents the residue of a cyclic ether group-containing compound (D) or a hydrogen atom; R2 represents a hydrocarbon group of 2 to 10 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Microorganisms capable of synthesizing novel polyhydroxyalkanoate having 3-hydroxythienylalkanoic acid as monomer unit, using thienylalkanoic acid as a stock are cultured on a culture medium containing thienylalkanoic acid, and the polyhydroxyalkanoate produced in the cultured cell is extracted and

Abstract: A process for making a high molecular weight, extended &pgr;-conjugated polymer from a monomer comprising a heterocyclic, benzylic or phenolic ring is described.

Abstract: 3,4-Polyalkylenedioxythiophene dispersions comprising polyanions and cationic 3,4-polyalkylenedioxythiophenes, in particular those of the formula (I) 1

Abstract: The room temperature polymerizable composition comprises at least one polymerizable monomer having at least one episulfide functionality and an effective amount of at least one (alkoxyphenyl)phosphine polymerization catalyst.

Abstract: Conjugated polymers and copolymers with strong luminescent properties and balanced charge transporting/injection properties are disclosed. Methods of manufacturing such polymers and copolymers and optoelectronic devices fabricated with such polymers and copolymers are disclosed. A conjugated luminescent polymer with tunable charge transport is prepared according to the following polymerization reaction: mM1+nM2→(M1)m(M2)n wherein M1 is a monomer having at least two reactive functional groups and at least one chemically bonded charge transporting chromophore group possessing electron-withdrawing character and M2 is a monomer having at least two reactive functional groups and at least one chemically bonded charge transporting chromophore group possessing electron-donating character, wherein m and n are stoichiometric quantities of the monomers M1 and M2, respectively, wherein m and n are varied to tune the charge transport property of the conjugated luminescent polymer.

Abstract: Microorganisms capable of synthesizing novel polyhydroxyalkanoate having 3-hydroxythienylalkanoic acid as monomer unit, using thienylalkanoic acid as a stock are cultured on a culture medium containing thienylalkanoic acid, and the polyhydroxyalkanoate produced in the cultured cell is extracted and

Abstract: A polymer chosen from hyperbranched polymers and dendrimers containing at least one functional group of formula (I): in which: Y is chosen from an oxygen atom and an NH group; A is chosen from linear, branched and cyclic, saturated and unsaturated C1-C12 alkanediyl groups, wherein said alkanediyl groups may or may not be interrupted by at least one heteroatom, and further wherein said alkanediyl group may or may not be substituted with at least one function chosen from: -amino groups NH2 and salts thereof with inorganic acids or organic acids, -acylamino groups NH—COR, in which R is chosen from linear, branched and cyclic, saturated and unsaturated C1-C10 alkyl groups, -C1-C10 alkylamino groups, -carboxylic acid, and -C1-C10 esters; and X is chosen from nucleophilic groups, methods for preparing the polymer and using the polymer as an antioxidant is disclosed.

Abstract: Conductive properties are optimized in conducting polymers, made up of organic units and metal ions, by tailoring the position of metal ions with respect to conductive pathways or by selecting components such that the redox potential of organic units and metal ions differs by no more than 250 mV. Very small devices, and articles in which a high percentage of metal ions are redox active, are provided. Articles that can serve as sensors include metal ions with at least one free reactive site that can accommodate an analyte for conductivity change detection. Chemoresistive devices, field effect transistors, and signal amplifiers are provided.

Abstract: Provided are novel, electropolymerizable monomers of the formulae: wherein R1, R2 and R3 are selected from the group consisting of —H, —O(CH2)nCH3, wherein n has a value of 0 to 11 and m has a value of 1 to 4, and wherein no more than one of R2 and R3 is —H. Also provided are polymers resulting from the electropolymerization of these monomers.

Abstract: Novel polythiophene-containing structural units of the general formulae (I) and (II) processes for their preparation, monomers for their preparation, their use in various industrial fields, and an electrically conductive material comprising these.

Abstract: An optical resin prepared by curing a polymerizable composition comprising a (thio)epoxy compound having at least one intramolecular disulfide bond exhibits a considerably high refractive index while maintaining good optical properties and a high Abbe number. In addition, the above polymerizable composition to which is added primary and/or secondary amines as an yellowing inhibitor in a proportion of 0.001 to 0.5 of the total molar number of NH2 and NH groups in the amines to the total molar number of thioepoxy and epoxy groups in the (thio)epoxy compound having at least one intramolecular disulfide bond, can provide a transparent resin in which yellowing and reduction in heat resistance associated therewith are adequately prevented while maintaining a high refractive index.

Abstract: The nonlinear optically active copolymers according to the invention are polyadducts of at least one organic di- or polycyanate and a nonlinear optically active compound, i.e. a chromophore. These copolymers have outstanding thermal stability and are suitable for the fabrication of technically useful electro-optical and photonic components with long-term stability.

Abstract: A composition for a resin which comprises (a) a compound having one or more structures represented by the following formula in one molecule: wherein R1 represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, R2, R3 and R4 each represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, X represents S or O, and an average number of S represented by X is about 50% or more of a total number of S and O constituting the three-member ring, and (b) a compound having one or more active hydrogen atoms in one molecule and which is an alcohol having an acryloyloxy group or a methacryloyloxy group, or a mercaptoalcohol.

Abstract: An acidic substance is added to a mixture containing a compound having epithio structures and a catalyst for curing the compound and the mixture is solidified. The mixture containing a compound having epithio structures and a catalyst for curing the compound can be mildly solidified for disposal.

Abstract: A resinous composition which comprises a compound having, in one molecule, one or more structures of the formula (1) ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is a hydrocarbon having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each hydrogen or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; and X is S or O, and a ratio of S to the total of S and O constituting the three-membered ring is 50% or more on the average; and another compound having one or more SH groups in one molecule. The resinous composition can be used for an optical material having improved oxidation resistance.

Abstract: There are disclosed pH-sensitive polymers containing sulfonamide groups, which can be changed in physical properties, such as swellability and solubility, depending on pH and which can be applied for a drug-delivery system, bio-material, sensor, etc, and a preparation method therefor. The pH-sensitive polymers are prepared by introduction of sulfonamide groups, various in pKa, to hydrophilic groups of polymers either through coupling to the hydrophilic groups, such as acrylamide, N,N-dimethylacrylamide, acrylic acid, N-isopropylacrylamide, etc, of polymers or copolymerization with other polymerizable monomers. These pH-sensitive polymers may have a structure of linear polymer, grafted copolymer, hydrogel or interpenetrating network polymer.

Abstract: Conductive polymers having a star structure comprising a central core with multiple attachment sites and conjugated charge transporting arms radiating therefrom. The cores are derived from hyperbranched polymers, dendrimers, or other molecules with a multiplicity of attachment sites. The arms are derived from conjugated oligomers and polymers such as polythiophene, polyaniline or polyphenylene. The subject polymers allow assembly of the macromolecules in all three dimensions in the solid state. A ramification of the compact assembly is the realization of highly reflective, smooth coatings simply applied from solution. A preferred embodiment having a 1,3,5 hyperbranched polyphenylene core and poly (3-hexylthiophene) arms provides lustrous reflective gold coatings.

Abstract: Mixture of a polythiophene preparation which contains a polythiophene salt polythiophene.sup..sym. An.sup..crclbar. in which the polythiophene contains positively charged and uncharged recurring units of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently of one another stand for hydrogen or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl group or together form an optionally substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylene radical, preferably a methylene radical optionally substituted with alkyl groups, an ethylene-1,2 radical optionally substituted with C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl groups or phenyl groups, a propylene-1,3 radical or a cyclohexylene-1,2 radical, andAn.sup..crclbar. denotes a polyanion,and coating compositions which are curable by ionising radiation, and the use thereof in order to produce scratch-resistant electrically conductive coatings.

Abstract: A conjugated polymer in an oxidized state has a doping level of 0.4 or higher. In said oxidized state the polymer is electroconductive, transparent to visible light and preferably colorless. A method of preparing such a polymer comprises the step of bringing the polymer into contact with a strong oxidative agent such as thianthrenium perchlorate. Layers of such polymers may be used as a transparent coating on a display device or as an electrode layer in an electroluminescent device.

Abstract: A method for producing a soluble conductive polymer having acidic groups, which comprises subjecting to electrolytic polymerization (a) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of acidic group-substituted anilines, acidic group-substituted pyrroles, acidic group-substituted thiophenes, acidic group-substituted furans, acidic group-substituted selenophenes, acidic group-substituted tellurophenes, acidic group-substituted isothianaphthenes, acidic group-substituted isobenzofurans, acidic group-substituted isoindolines, acidic group-substituted isobenzoselenophenes, acidic group-substituted isobenzotellurophenes, and their metal salts, ammonium salts and substituted ammonium salts in a solution containing (b) a basic compound.