Abstract: An electronic device containing a polythiophene prepared by a metal halide-mediated coupling polymerization in an appropriate solvent, and which polythiophene is comprised of at least one monomer unit selected from the group consisting of 2,5-thienylene (or 2,5-thiophenediyl) (I), 2,5-thienylene (or 2,5-thiophenediyl) (II), and a divalent linkage D wherein, for example, A is alkyl, alkoxy or derivatives thereof; B is a hydrogen atom, a small substituent like alkyl or alkoxy.

Abstract: This invention relates to thermosetting resin compositions useful for mounting onto a circuit board semiconductor devices, such as chip size or chip scale packages (“CSPs”), ball grid arrays (“BGAs”), land grid arrays (“LGAs”), and the like, each of which having a semiconductor chip, such as large scale integration (“LSI”), on a carrier substrate, as well as compounds useful in such compositions. The compositions include compounds having a thermally cleavable linkage, and include an episulfide group within the compound. The compositions of this invention are reworkable when subjected to appropriate conditions.

Abstract: Substituted thieno[3,4-b] thiophene polymers and copolymers are disclosed. Adjusting the type and quantity of substitution allows for the intricate control of the resulting polymer's conductivity, optoelectronic properties, and/or solubility. A process for preparing such polymers and use thereof are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polythiophenes, particularly regioregular head-to-tail poly(3-alkylthiophenes) (HT-PATs), block copolymers made therefrom, and their methods of formation. The present invention provides HT-PATs with well-defined, specific end-groups, functionalization of the defined HT-PATs, and incorporation of end group functionalized HT-PATs into block copolymers with structural polymers. The intrinsically conductive diblock and triblock copolymers, formed from the HT-PATs, have excellent conductivity and low polydispersities that are useful in a number of applications. The block copolymers of the present invention have been found to exhibit conductivities that range from a low of 10?8 S/cm for certain applications to as high as several hundred S/cm or more.

Abstract: Thienothiophene monomers having an SF5 group and conducting oligomers and polymers formed by the polymerization of such monomers and their use as hole injection materials, charge transport materials, or as semiconductors. The compound may be of the formula: where X and X? are independently H, halogen atoms (e.g., F, Cl, Br, and I), MgCl, MgBr, MgI, Sn(R?)3, where R? is C1-6 alkyl or —OC1-6 alkyl, boronic acid, boronic ester, —CH?CHR? (where R? is H or C1-6 alkyl), —OC1-6 alkyl, —COOC1-6 alkyl, —S—COR?? and —COR?? (where R?? is H or C1-6 alkyl), —C?CH, or polymerizable aromatic rings (such as phenyl, naphthalene, pyrrole, dithiophene, thienothiophene, thiophene and so forth.

Abstract: A thiophene compound represented by formula (I): in which: A represents a C2–C5 alkylene bridge; R represents a stereoselectively substituted, linear or branched C2–C24 alkyl, C3–C18 cycloalkyl, C1–C18 alkoxy or polyethyleneoxide group, optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an alcohol, amide, ether, ester or sulfonate group; or an optionally substituted aryl group having at least one chiral center substituted at said C2–C5 alkylene bridge; polymers derived therefrom; a process for polymerizing a thiophene according to formula (I), optionally chemically or electrochemically; and dispersions, pastes and layers containing polymers derived therefrom.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for optical materials, comprising (a) a compound having in one molecule at least one structure represented by the following Formula 1: wherein R1 is a single bond or a C1-10 hydrocarbon group, each of R2, R3 and R4 is a C1-10 hydrocarbon group or hydrogen, Y is O, 5, Se or Te, m is 1 to 5, and n is 0 to 5; (b) a compound having in one molecule at least one isocyanate group and/or at least one isothiocyanate group; (c) a compound having in one molecule at least one mercapto group; and (d) an inorganic compound having sulfur atom and/or selenium atom, and also relates to an optical material produced by polymerization curing the composition, a production method thereof, and an optical lens comprising the optical material. The present invention provides a high refractive, high Abbe's number optical material having an improved impact resistance.

Abstract: The use of stannylenes and germylenes of general formula (I) wherein: M represents a tin or geranium atom; L1 and L2 independently represent a group of formula: -E14(R14) (R?14) (R?14), -E15(R15) (R?15) or -E16(R16)) or together form a chain of formula -L?1-A- L?2; A represents a saturated or unsaturated chain comprising one, two or three elements of group 14; L?1 and L?2, represent, independently, a group of formula: -E14(R14) (R?14)-, E15(R15)- or -E16-; E14 is an element of group 14; E15 is an element of group 15; E16 is an element of group 16; R14, R?14, R?14, R15, R?15 and R16 represent variable groups as polymerization catalysts of heterocycles.

Abstract: An process of forming a chiral conducting polymer, e.g., polyaniline, is provided including reacting a monomer, e.g., an aniline monomer, in the presence of a chiral dopant acid to produce a first reaction mixture by addition of a solution including a first portion of an oxidizing agent, the first portion of oxidizing agent characterized as insufficient to allow complete reaction of the monomer, and further reacting the first reaction mixture in the presence of the chiral dopant acid by addition of a solution including a second portion of the oxidizing agent, the second portion of oxidizing agent characterized as insufficient to allow complete reaction of the monomer, and repeating the reaction by addition of further portions of the oxidizing agent until the monomer reaction is complete to produce a chiral conducting polymer, e.g., polyaniline.

Abstract: This invention presents polymers and copolymers comprising repeating units of thieno[3,4-b]thiophene. Water-borne dispersions of such polymers and copolymers can be cast by conventional methods to provide uniform, thin films which possess utility in numerous electroactive applications including electrochromic displays, optically transparent electrodes and antistatic coatings. The compositions of this invention can be doped with conventional p-dopants or n-dopants. The invention also presents an aqueous process for preparing such compositions of matter.

Abstract: Photonic materials include light-emitting organic oligomer compositions that include at least one light-emitting oligomer. The oligomer compositions include oligofluorenes having chiral and/or achiral pendants. The oligomer compositions also include spiro-linked oligofluorenes and fully spiro-configured terfluorenes. Methods for syntheisizing light-emitting organic oligomer compositions include preparing fluorene-based oligomers by convergent/divergent synthesis.

Abstract: Polythiophenes which are soluble or dispersible in anhydrous or low-water-content solvents can be prepared if they are prepared in anhydrous or low-water-content solvents and a phase-transfer catalyst is added during the reaction.

Abstract: A monomer to produce polybenzimidazole is dissolved in polyphosphoric acid. For example, polysulfated phenylene sulfonic acid (acidic group-possessing polymer) is further dissolved in this solution. In this procedure, the acidic group-possessing polymer and the monomer are adsorbed to one another in accordance with the acid-base interaction. When the monomer is polymerized, for example, by means of dehydration polymerization in this state, then polybenzimidazole is synthesized, and the polybenzimidazole and the acidic group-possessing polymer are compatibilized with each other to produce a compatibilized polymer. When the compatibilized polymer is deposited as a solid, and the solid is separated from polyphosphoric acid, then the compatibilized polymer is obtained. A proton conductive solid polymer electrolyte as a final product is manufactured by forming the compatibilized polymer to have a predetermined shape.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing polythiophenes comprised of unit structures of the general formula 1: where R1 and R2 independently represent hydrogen or a C1˜C4 alkyl group, or together represent an optionally substituted C1˜C4 alkylene group, preferably an optionally alkyl-substituted methylene group, an optionally C1˜C4 alkyl- or phenyl-substituted 1,2-ethylene group, a 1,3-propylene group or a 1,2-cyclohexylene group. More specifically, the process according to the present invention is characterized by the fact that it is performed by cationic polymerization from 2,5-dihalothiophene in the presence of an acid catalyst, such as Lewis acid, protic acid, oxygen acid, or polymeric acid. The conductivity of the resulting polythiophene is 255 S/cm under optimal conditions.

Abstract: A thiophene compound represented by formula (I): wherein A represents a C1-5-alkylene bridge substituted with at least one fluorine atom and/or at least one alkyl group substituted with a fluorine-containing-group; polymers containing monomeric units of a thiophene compound represented by formula (I); a process for preparing polymers containing monomeric units of a thiophene compound represented by formula (I), optionally chemically or electrochemically; and solutions, dispersions, pastes and layers containing such polymers.

Abstract: The composition for optical materials of the present invention contains at least one compound represented by the following Formula 1: wherein R1, R2 and R3 are each independently C1–C10 hydrocarbyl or hydrogen; X1, X2 and X3 are each independently S, Se or Te; Y1, Y2 and Y3 are each independently —Sa—[(CH2)bS]cH, a is an integer from 0 to 2, b is an integer from 0 to 4, and c is an integer from 0 to 2, and a compound reactive to the compound of Formula 1. A resin produced by curing a composition containing the compound of Formula 1 by polymerization has a high refractive index, and suitable as various optical materials.

Abstract: A poly(thio)ester (co)polymer which comprises a repeating structural unit represented by the formula (1-A) as an essential structural unit: [wherein R11 is a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group which may contain at least one sulfur atom in a sulfide group; R12 is a mono- or poly-cyclic aliphatic or aromatic dicarboxylic acid residue; and X11 and X12 are each independently an oxygen atom or sulfur atom, and when X11 and X12 are the oxygen atoms, R11 is a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing at least one sulfur atom in the sulfide group]; and an optical component obtainable by molding the poly(thio)ester (co)polymer. The poly(thio)ester (co)polymer is excellent in transparency and optical characteristics (e.g., a higher refractive index, higher Abbe number, and lower birefringence), and has also good mechanical characteristics and thermal characteristics, and further is excellent in melt fluidity and injection moldability.

Abstract: Polythiophenes of the formula wherein R and R? are side chains; A is a divalent linkage; x and y represent the number of unsubstituted thienylene units; z represents the number of groups, and wherein the sum of x and y represents the number of groups; m represents the number of segments; and n represents the degree of polymerization.

Abstract: The new fluorocarbon-functionalized and/or heterocycle-modified polythiophenes, in particular, ?,?-diperfluorohexylsexithiophene DFH-6T can be straightforwardly prepared in high yield and purity. Introduction of such modifications to a thiophene core affords enhanced thermal stability and volatility, and increased electron affinity versus the unmodified compositions of the prior art. Evaporated films behave as n-type semiconductors, and can be used to fabricate thin film transistors with FET mobilities ˜0.01 cm2 Vs—some of the highest reported to date for n-type organic semiconductors.

Abstract: A polythiophene comprising, for example, a repeating segment of the formula wherein R? is CF3, alkoxy, or alkyl; and y and z represent the number of repeating segments.

Abstract: The invention relates to optical devices comprising a substrate and at least one semiconductive polymer supported by said substrate, wherein said semiconductive polymer is a copolymer in which one of the repeat units is a group of formula (I) or a homopolymer in which the repeat unit is a group of formula (I): wherein: A and B are the same or different and each comprises wholly or partially an aryl moiety or a heteroaryl moiety, said moiety in A being fused to the bond a-b and said moiety in B being fused to the bond c-d, and X is a linking unit, X being such that there is a torsion angle of at least 5° between the bond a-b and the bond c-d about the bond b-d. The invention also relates to semiconductive polymers, monomers for preparing same, and methods for preparing random statistical conjugated polymers.

Abstract: A process is provided for the manufacture of liquid polysulfide polymers. In particular, the process allows for making the liquid form of the polysulfide polymer directly and eliminates the need to first make a solid polysulfide polymer and then convert it to a liquid.

Abstract: A luminescent polymer, suitable for use in an active layer of an organic light-emitting device, organic solid state lasers, a photovoltaic cell or an electrochromic display and exhibiting good stability and microstructure control, which has the structure wherein Ar1 and Ar2 are aromatic or heteroaromatic rings, such as phenyl, biphenyl, fluorene, thiophene, pyridyl, or their substituted aromatic or heteroaromatic rings with or without deuterium, and R1 and R2 are independently each selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, deuterium, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkoxyl, aryl and heteroaryl, or halogen, wherein D represents deuterium and n is an integer greater than 3. Electronic devices and methods of making them which employ these luminescent polymers are also described.

Abstract: In an electrically conductive organic compound, a side chain portion simultaneously exhibiting refractive index anisotropy and ? conjugated system electrical conductivity is bonded to a main chain portion exhibiting ? conjugated system electrical conductivity. The electrically conductive organic compound is used in the production of a constituent element for electronic devices.

Abstract: Provided is a method of producing a polymeric fluorescent substance wherein one or more monomers represented by the general formula (1) are polymerized in the presence of a zerovalent nickel complex, X1—Ar1—X2??(1) wherein, Ar1 represents a divalent group selected from the group consisting of arylene groups, divalent heterocyclic compound groups, and divalent or trivalent hetero atom-bonded arylene or divalent heterocyclic compound groups, and X1 and X2 represent leaving groups. By using the polymeric fluorescent substance, a high performance polymer LED can easily be obtained.

Abstract: An electronic device containing a polythiophene prepared by a metal halide-mediated coupling polymerization in an appropriate solvent, and which polythiophene is comprised of at least one monomer unit selected from the group consisting of 2,5-thienylene (or 2,5-thiophenediyl) (I), 2,5-thienylene (or 2,5-thiophenediyl) (II), and a divalent linkage D wherein, for example, A is alkyl, alkoxy or derivatives thereof; B is a hydrogen atom, a small substituent like alkyl or alkoxy.

Abstract: A non-dye containing flexographic ink containing a polymer or copolymer of a 3,4-dialkoxythiophene in which the two alkoxy groups may be the same or different or together represent an optionally substituted oxy-alkylene-oxy bridge, a polyanion and a latex binder in a solvent or aqueous medium, characterized in that the polymer or copolymer of a 3,4-dialkoxythiophene is present in a concentration of at least 0.1% by weight in the ink and that the ink is capable of producing a colorimetrically additive transparent print; a method of preparing the flexographic ink; and a flexographic printing process therewith.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel 3,4-alkylenedioxythiophene dimers and trimers, to their preparation and to their use as precursors for conductive polymers.

Abstract: A material for making a conductive pattern, the material comprising a support and a heat-differentiable element, the heat-differentiable element comprising an outermost layer containing a polyanion and an intrinsically conductive polymer and optionally a second layer contiguous with the outermost layer, characterized in that the outermost layer and/or the optional second layer contains hydrophobic thermocoagulable latex particles in a weight ratio range with respect to the intrinsically conductive polymer in the range of 20:1 to 1:5, the hydrophobic thermocoagulable latex particles are capable upon heating of increasing the conductivity of the heated parts of the outermost layer relative to the unheated parts of the outermost layer and/or changing the removability of the heated parts of the outermost layer relative to the unheated parts of the outermost layer and the heat-differentiable element does not comprise a di- or polyhydroxy organic compound or an aprotic compound with a dielectric constant, ?, ?15; a

Abstract: A polythiophene wherein the monomer segments thereof contain: wherein A is a side chain; B is hydrogen or a side chain; and D is a divalent segment, and wherein the number of A-substituted thienylene units (I) in the monomer segments is from about 1 to about 10, the number of B-substituted thienylene units (II) is from 0 to about 5, and the number of divalent segments D is 0 or 1.

Abstract: A compound comprising the formula: wherein R1 is a fluorinated organic group and R2 and R3 are independently selected organic groups. A compound comprising the formula: wherein R1 is a fluorinated organic group and R2 and R3 are independently selected organic groups.

Abstract: A material having a conductive pattern, the material comprising a support and a conductive element, the conductive element being 500 nm thick or less and containing a polyanion and an intrinsically conductive polymer, characterized in that one surface of the conductive element is an outermost surface of the material and the other surface of the conductive element is contiguous with a patterned surface, the patterned surface consisting of at least two types of surface element, and those parts of the conductive element contiguous with a type A surface element exhibiting a surface resistance at least a factor of ten greater than those parts of the conductive element contiguous with a type B surface element.

Abstract: An organic polymer having a plurality of regions along the length of the polymer backbone and comprising two or more of the following a first region for transporting negative charge carriers and having a first bandgap defined by a first LUMO level and a first HOMO level; and a second region for transporting positive charge carriers and having a second bandgap defined by a second LUMO level and a second HOMO level; and a third region for accepting and combining positive and negative charge carriers to generate light and having a third bandgap defined by a third LUMO level and a third HOMO level, wherein each region comprises one or more monomers and the quantity arrangement of the monomers in the organic polymer is selected so that the first, second and third bandgaps are distinct from one another in the polymer.

Abstract: A thiophene compound represented by formula (I): in which A represents a C1-5-alkylene bridge; R represents a —R1—(C?O)—R2 group; —R1— represents a —R3— or —R4—X—R5— group; R2 is hydrogen, a hydroxy group, a thiol group, —NR6R7, —OR8 or a —SR9 group; R3, R4 and R5 are independently an alkylene group or an arylene group; X is a —O—, —S— or ?NR10; R6 and R7 are independently hydrogen, an optionally substituted amino group or an optionally substituted alkyl group; R8 and R9 are independently an optionally substituted alkyl group (optionally with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an alcohol, amide, ether, ester or sulfonate group), an optionally substituted aryl group or a —SiR11R12R13 group; R10 is an alkyl, aryl or acyl group; and R11, R12 and R13 are independently an optionally substituted alkoxy or alkyl group; polymers derived therefrom; a process for polymerizing a thiophene according to formula (I), optionally chemically or electrochemically; and solutions, dispersions, pas

Abstract: Disclosed are coatings, films, and articles of manufacture comprising or derived from compositions that are produced by a method for exchanging solvent in a mixture that includes water and an optionally substituted thiophene. Also disclosed are methods for making and using said coatings, films, and articles of manufacture, including electro-optical implementations.

Abstract: A blue electroluminescent polymer comprising biphenyl units in a main chain of polyarylene, and an organic electroluminescence device using the blue electroluminescent polymer to provide improved luminescent properties.

Abstract: The invention relates to substituted or unsubstituted benzodioxinothiophenes, their preparation and their use for preparing electrically conductive oligomers or polymers, also oligomers or polymers comprising these thiophene derivatives as repeating unit.

Abstract: Polythiophenes of the formula 1

Abstract: The invention relates to mono-, oligo- and polymers comprising a dithienothiophene group and an aryl group useful as semiconductors or charge transport materials in optical, electrooptical or electronic devices including field effect transistors, electroluminescent, photovoltaic and sensor devices.

Abstract: Mono-, oligo- and polymers comprising one or more identical or different recurring units of formula I —[(Y)a—(D)b—(Z)c]—  I wherein D is a 3-(1,1-difluoroalkyl)thiophene group of formula II, wherein Y, Z, R1, R2, a, b and c have the meanings defined herein, are useful as semiconductors and charge transport materials.

Abstract: The invention relates to reactive thienothiophenes, their use as semiconductors or charge transport materials, in optical, electrooptical or electronic devices like for example organic field effect transistors (FET or OFET) for thin film transistor liquid crystal displays and integrated circuit devices such as RFID tags, electroluminescent devices in flat panel displays, and in photovoltaic and sensor devices, and to a field effect transistor, light emitting device or ID tag comprising the reactive thienothiophenes.

Abstract: A polythiophene comprising, for example, a repeating segment of the formula 1

Abstract: An electronic device containing a polythiophene prepared by a metal halide-mediated coupling polymerization in an appropriate solvent, and which polythiophene is comprised of at least one monomer unit selected from the group consisting of 2,5-thienylene (or 2,5-thiophenediyl) (I), 2,5-thienylene (or 2,5-thiophenediyl) (II), and a divalent linkage D 1

Abstract: Novel methods allowing for the simple optical and electrochemical detection of double-stranded oligonucleotides are disclosed. The methods are rapid, selective and versatile. Advantageously, they do not require any chemical reaction on the probes or on the analytes since they are based on different electrostatic interactions between cationic poly (3-alkoxy-4-methylthiophene) derivatives and single-stranded or double-stranded (hibridized) oligonucleotides.

Abstract: Polythiophenes of the formula wherein R and R′ are side chains; A is a divalent linkage; x and y represent the number of unsubstituted thienylene units; z is 0 or 1, and wherein the sum of x and y is greater than zero; m represents the number of segments; and n represents the degree of polymerization.

Abstract: A polyhydroxyalkanoate characterized by having in the molecule a unit represented by Chemical Formula (1): wherein n may assume any one integral value within the range of from 1 to 8. Also disclosed are a process for producing the polyhydroxyalkanoate by the use of a microorganism having the ability to produce the polyhydroxyalkanoate and accumulate it in the bacterial body; a charge control agent, a toner binder and a toner which contain this polyhydroxyalkanoate; and an image-forming method and an image-forming apparatus which make use of the toner.

Abstract: The alicyclic compound of the present invention has a five- or more membered ring structure having an epithioethylene linkage and/or an epidithioethylene linkage, and has tow or more sulfur atoms in its molecule. Optical materials produced by curing the alicyclic compound or a composition containing the alicyclic compound by polymerization show high refractive index.

Abstract: Large contrast ratio and rapid switching laminated electrochromic (EC) polymer device includes transparent electrode, cathodic EC polymer, gel electrolyte, and counter-electrode. Preferably the cathodic EC polymer is a poly(3,4-propylenedioxythiophene) derivative, PProDOT-Me2. Counter-electrode is a conductive coating deposited on transparent substrate, with preferred coatings including gold and highly conductive carbon. Lithography and sputtering can be employed to pattern a gold layer, while screen printing can be employed to similarly pattern graphite. Empirical studies of preferred device indicate a color change of high contrast ratio of transmittance (>50% T) is rapidly (0.5−1 s) obtained upon applied 2.5V, repeatable to at least 10,000 times, as estimated by electrochemistry. Dual layer EC devices including PProDOT-Me2 are also disclosed, as are methods for synthesizing preferred EC polymers.

Abstract: A nonlinear optical chromophore having the formula D-&pgr;-A, wherein &pgr; is a &pgr; bridge including a thiophene ring having oxygen atoms bonded directly to the 3 and 4 positions of the thiophene ring, D is a donor, and A is an acceptor.

Abstract: A material having a conductive pattern, the material comprising a support and a conductive element, the conductive element being 500 nm thick or less and containing a polyanion and an intrinsically conductive polymer, characterized in that one surface of the conductive element is an outermost surface of the material and the other surface of the conductive element is contiguous with a patterned surface, the patterned surface consisting of at least two types of surface element, and those parts of the conductive element contiguous with a type A surface element exhibiting a surface resistance at least a factor of ten greater than those parts of the conductive element contiguous with a type B surface element; a material for making a conductive pattern, the material comprising a support and a conductive element, the conductive element containing a polyanion and an intrinsically conductive polymer, characterized in that one surface of the conductive element is an outermost surface of the material, the other surface