Abstract: There is disclosed a novel mixture of polyhydroxy phenolic curing agents, such as novolac resins blended with a mixture of mono, bis and tris hydroxyaryl phosphine oxides for co-curing epoxy resins and imparting flame resistance thereto. A preferred composition includes a mixture of monohydroxyaryl, bishydroxyaryl and trishydroxyaryl phosphine oxide and a benzoguanamine/phenol/formaldehyde terpolymer which is used along with an epoxy resin to produce flame-resistant printed wiring boards without the use of halogens.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the preparation of polyalkoxyaminies from monoalkoxyamine(s) of formula (I) and of at least one polyunsaturated compound of formula (II): and the preparation of polyfunctional living (co)polymers by polymerization by the radical route of one or more vinyl monomers in the presence of the polyalkoxyamines thus prepared.

Abstract: An optical fiber comprises a flame retardant tight-buffer coating. The tight-buffer coating has a limiting oxygen index of at least 20% and preferably has a durable tensile strength. Flame retardant, inner primary, outer primary, ink, ink base and single coatings and coating compositions as well as flame-retardant matrix materials are also provided.

Abstract: Bidentate ligand of formula (I), R1R2M1-R-M2R3R4 wherein M1 and M2 each indenpendently represent P, As or Sb; R1, R2, R3 and R4 each independently represent the same or a different optionally substituted organic group and at least one of R1, R2, R3 and R4 contains a tertiary carbon atom through which the group is linked to M1 or M2; and R represents a bridging group based on a trimethylene group connecting M1 and M2 of which the middle carbon atom is double bonded to a non-metal element chosen from group 14, 15 or 16 of the periodic table of elements. Catalyst comprising this bidentate ligand and carbonylation process n which this catalyst is used.

Abstract: Thiophosphine compounds (also named phosphine sulfide compounds) and their use for making polymerizable compositions which after polymerization give optically transparent articles, such as ophthalmic lenses, having improved mechanical and optical properties and in particular having an improved UV cut.

Abstract: The invention relates to polymeric phosphinic acids and their salts of the formula (I) where X is hydrogen or 1/m of a metal of valency m, or is a protonated nitrogen base, R1 and R2 are identical or different and are hydrogen, a carboxy group, a carboxylic acid derivative, an unsubstituted or substituted alkyl group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, phenyl, benzyl, or alkyl-substituted aromatic systems, R3 and R4 may be identical or different and are an unsubstituted or substituted alkyl group having from 2 to 20 carbon atoms, or are OX, with the above meaning for X, and ? is the average number of monomer units. The invention further relates to a process for preparing the above-mentioned compounds, and to their use.

Abstract: High refractive index, melt processable polyphosphonates and methods for preparing the same are provided. These polymers are particularly useful for optical and ophthalmic parts, such as lenses. A method of preparing optical and ophthalmic lenses by injection molding the polymers of the present invention into the form of the optical or ophthalmic lenses is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a phosphorus-containing epoxy resin, which is an epoxy resin modified with a side chain having a reactive phosphorus-containing compound. Also, the present invention relates to a flame-retardant resin composition, which comprises: (1) the phosphorus-containing epoxy resin, (2) a halogen-free hardener having a reactive hydrogen capable of reacting with the epoxy group in epoxy resin, and (3) a hardener promoter. The flame-retardant resin composition described above has improved excellent heat resistance and flame retardant property, and is especially suitable for adhesive laminates, composite materials, printed circuit boards, adhesive material for copper foils, and is suitable for IC packaging materials.

Abstract: An electroluminescent device comprising electrodes consisting of a pair of an anode and a cathode, at least one of the electrodes being either transparent or translucent, and an organic layer interposed between said electrodes, wherein said organic layer comprises a copolymer comprising in the main chain thereof 9-oxo-9-phosphafluorene-2,7-diyl units and arylene units, represented by formula (1) below, and the thickness of said organic layer is from 1 nm to 10 ?m: wherein R represents hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl, aryl, alkyloxy, cycloalkyloxy, aralkyloxy, or aryloxy; Ar represents arylene; and n is an integer of 3 to 30,000.

Abstract: Disclosed are an organic anti-reflective coating polymer having a structure represented by the following formula I which is introduced to the top portion of photoresist, its preparation method and an anti-reflective coating composition, in a process for forming ultra-fine patterns of photoresist for photolithography by using 193 nm ArF or 157 nm VUV light source. More particularly, the present invention provides an organic anti-reflective coating polymer capable of protecting a photoresist from amine to improve the stability of a post exposure delay and to minimize pattern distortion caused by a swing phenomenon during a patterning process, its preparation method and an anti-reflective coating composition comprising the same. [formula I] wherein each of m and n is an integer ranging from 5 to 5,000.

Abstract: A phosphorus-containing compound represented by formula (I) and a preparation method thereof are provided. An addition reaction is performed for an organic cyclic phosphorus compound with an aryl aldehyde compound, and then a condensation reaction is performed with an aryl compound having active hydrogen in the use of an organic acid as a catalyst to obtain the proposed phosphorus-containing compound. This phosphorus-containing compound can be used as a hardener for resin, and improves flame retardant properties and thermal resistance for a flame retardant epoxy resin composition, thereby suitably applied to resin compositions used for manufacturing printed circuit boards and laminated circuit boards in electronic or electric products.

Abstract: The present invention is directed towards phosphorous containing organic materials, processes for making them and uses thereof. These materials preferably impart and/or exhibit resistance to attack, for example they may be useful as flame retardant additives and/or materials. The materials are especially radiation-curable polyester polymers. The phosphorous component used has at least one P—C bond resistant to hydrolysis or transesterification. It can be bis(hydroxymethyl)isobutylphosphineoxide, bis(hydroxypropyl)isobutylphosphine oxide and trishydroxymethylphosphine oxide. In other embodiments, it is 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenantrene-10-oxide.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a coating composition comprising a compound comprising at least one bicyclo-orthoester group and at least one other functional group. The invention also comprises a process for curing the present coating composition. Further, a process for making a bicyclo-orthoester-functional compound from the corresponding oxetane compound is described.

Abstract: A polymer containing in the backbone a 9-oxo-9-phosphafluorene-2,7-diyl skeleton or a combination of the skeleton with a vinylene skeleton or arylene skeleton. The polymer is utilizable as, e.g., a component of a luminescent element or electrochromic element. The polymer is obtained by subjecting a 2,7-dihalo-9-oxo-9-phosphafluorene to polycondensation with dehalogenation, or to reaction with arylenebisboronic acid and polycondensation, or to polycondensation with an olefin.

Abstract: High refractive index, melt processable polyphosphonates and methods for preparing the same are provided. These polymers are particularly useful for optical and ophthalmic parts, such as lenses. A method of preparing optical and ophthalmic lenses by injection molding the polymers of the present invention into the form of the optical or ophthalmic lenses is also provided.

Abstract: Novel reactions used to prepare phosphole and bisphosphole compounds are detailed. Novel phosphole compounds and metal coordination compounds of phosphole and bisphosphole compounds are also provided. These metal coordination compounds are useful as catalysts for the polymerization or olefins with carbon monoxide and for the polymerization of acrylic monomers.

Abstract: A mixture of hydroxyarylphosphine oxides comprising (a) a mono(hydroxyaryl)phosphine oxide, (b) a bis(hydroxyaryl)phosphine oxide, (c) a tris((hydroxyaryl)phosphine oxide, and, optionally (d) a tri- aryl, alkyl, or aralkyl-substituted phosphine oxide combined with a phenolic co-crosslinking composition is useful as a polyhtdroxy mixture for co-crosslinking an epoxy resin which also imparts flame resistance.

Abstract: Disclosed are branched polyphosphonates produced via a superior transesterification process, and methods related thereto. These branched polyphosphonates exhibit a unique and advantageous combination of properties, such as outstanding fire resistance, improved heat stability, improved toughness, and superior processing characteristics. Also disclosed are polymer compositions that comprise these branched polyphosphonates and at least one other polymer, wherein the resulting polymer compositions exhibit flame retardant properties. Further disclosed are articles of manufacture produced from these polymers, such as fibers, films, coated substrates, moldings, foams, fiber-reinforced articles, or any combination thereof; these articles may be coated with a moisture barrier to enhance their moisture resistance properties.

Abstract: A polymeric composition, a process for producing the composition, and a process for using the composition in, for example, hydrocyanation or isomerization are disclosed. The composition comprises repeat units derived from (1) a carbonyl compound, a monomer, and phosphorochloridite; (2) phosphorus trichloride, a polyhydric alcohol, and an aromatic diol; or (3) combinations of (1) and (2) in which the monomer can be a polyhydric alcohol, an amine, combinations thereof. The composition can further comprise a Group VIII metal and optionally a Lewis acid.

Abstract: The invention relates to conjugated poly(2,7-carbazole) derivatives comprising repeating, alternating or random units of the formula: wherein R represents a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon Aatoms. The conjugated poly(2,7-carbazole) derivatives according to the invention have interesting optical and electrochemical properties which render them suitable for use in the manufacture of diverse electrical, optical and electro-optical devices.

Abstract: A compound having a host moiety chemically bonded to at least one guest moiety according to the following general molecular structure: Ho—(L—G)n. Ho represents a host moiety that receives hole and/or electron recombination energy and transfers that energy to a guest moiety; G represents a guest moiety that contains a luminescent chromophore; L represents a chemical moiety that links the host and guest moiety and n is from 1 to 4. The compound can be used in the emissive layer of an OLED, or as a dopant dispersed in a host material that forms the emissive layer, wherein the host material has the same chemical structure as Ho.

Abstract: The organic polymers of the invention have electrical semiconductor properties. The compounds have a backbone of phenylene groups to which side groups with semiconductor properties, or which impart semiconductor properties to the polymer, are bonded. The polymers are obtained by Bergmann cyclization from compounds that contain aromatic groups to which vicinal ethynyl groups are bonded. The polymers are suitable for the production of semiconductor components, such as organic transistors or diodes.

Abstract: Featured are biodegradable polymers comprising repeat units derived from cyclic phosphate monomers and optionally further comprising repeat units derived from lactide or caprolactone monomers. Also featured are methods for preparing the biodegradable polymers of the invention and biodegradable polymer compositions comprising a biologically active substance and a biodegradable polymer. Additionally featured are articles and microspheres prepared from biodegradable polymers and polymer compositions of the invention. Further, methods for the controlled release of a biologically active substance using the biodegradable polymers of the invention are also described.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I), wherein each of R and R′ are independently selected from hydrogen, a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, an alkyl, aryl or alkaryl group or a hydroxy or carboxy substituted alkyl, aryl or alkaryl group, provided that R and R′, together have a total of less than 23 carbon atoms, R″ may either be hydrogen or a CHR═CR1 group or be selected from the same categories as R′″; R′″ is a group, or polymeric chain comprising from 1 to 100,000 groups, said group or groups being derived form at least one ethylenically unsaturated compound wherein the double bond is activated by an adjacent electron withdrawing group, and n is greater than 1 are novel, are useful corrosion inhibitors and are valuable intermediates in preparing telomers for use in water treatment.

Abstract: The present invention is directed towards phosphorous containing organic materials, processes for making them and uses thereof. These materials preferably impart and/or exhibit resistance to attack, for example they may be useful as flame retardant additives and/or materials. The materials are especially radiation-curable polyester polymers. The phosphorous component used has at least one P—C bond resistant to hydrolysis or transesterification. It can be bis(hydroxymethyl)isobutylphosphineoxide, bis(hydroxypropyl)isobutylphosphine oxide and trishydroxymethylphosphine oxide. In other embodiments, it is 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenantrene-10-oxide.

Abstract: A mixture of hydroxyarylphosphine oxides comprising (a) a mono(hydroxyaryl)phosphine oxide, (b) a bis(hydroxyaryl)phosphine oxide, (c) a tris(hydroxyaryl)phosphine oxide, and, optionally (d) a tri- aryl, alkyl or aralkyl-substituted phosphine oxide is useful in the preparation of polyglycidyl ethers derived therefrom, or is employed as flame retardants in epoxy resin compositions which can be processed into resin-impregnated composites.

Abstract: Salt of a melamine condensation product and a phosphorus-containing acid, the phosphorus-containing acid being a monobasic phosphorus-containing acid. Further a method for the preparation of a phosphorus-containing salt of a melamine condensation product in which a triazine compound and a monobasic phosphorus-containing acid are heated together to a temperature between 250 and 400° C.

Abstract: A phosphorus-containing compound represented by formula (I) and a preparation method thereof are provided. An addition reaction is performed for an organic cyclic phosphorus compound with an aryl aldehyde compound, and then a condensation reaction is performed with an aryl compound having active hydrogen in the use of an organic acid as a catalyst to obtain the proposed phosphorus-containing compound. This phosphorus-containing compound can be used as a hardener for resin, and improves flame retardant properties and thermal resistance for a flame retardant epoxy resin composition, thereby suitably applied to resin compositions used for manufacturing printed circuit boards and laminated circuit boards in electronic or electric products.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for the preparation of polymeric phosphate flame retardants with a molecular weight of at least about 1500 and a softening temperature of at least about 10° C. comprising the steps of (a) reacting a phosphorus oxyhalide with a monohydroxyaromatic compound, (b) removing substantially all of any remaining phosphorus oxyhalide; (c) reacting the monoaryldichlorophosphate product with a dihydroxyaromatic compound and (d) reacting the product of step (c) with a monohydroxyaromatic compound. The solid polymeric flame retardant has a linear structure and less than 10 ppm halogen bound to phosphorus. Also disclosed are resinous compositions comprising the solid polymeric phosphate made by the method of the invention and at least one other polymeric resin.

Abstract: A polymer composition is provided including copolymer particles bearing phosphorus acid groups dispersed in an aqueous medium, wherein the polymer composition is substantially-free of water soluble phosphorus acid compounds. Also provided is a monomer composition containing at least one phosphorus acid monomer and a method of preparing the polymer composition from the monomer composition. The monomer composition is substantially-free of inorganic phosphorus acid compounds. A method is provided for applying the polymer composition to a substrate. The polymer composition is useful as a coating composition to prepare coatings for metal substrates, which have improved solvent resistance.

Abstract: The invention relates to solid polyelectrolyte membranes and processes for their production. As solid polyelectrolyte materials, there have been known fluoropolymers which have perfluoroskeletons and side chains bearing sulfonic acid groups and heat-resistant resins which have hydrocarbon skeletons and contain alkylsulfonic acid or alkylphosphoric acid groups introduced thereto. The fluoropolymers are excellent in heat resistance and chemical resistance but have the problem of being expensive, while the heat-resistant resins have the problem of being poor in chemical resistance. Further, solid polyelectrolyte materials having higher electric conductivities have been desired.

Abstract: Poly(paraphenylenevinylene) derivatives and their use as electroluminescence materials

Abstract: The invention relates to polyalcoxyamines obtained from beta-substituted nitroxides of formula (1) wherein A represents a di- or polyvalent structure, R1 represents a molar mass of more than 15 and is a monovalent radical, and n>2. The inventive compounds can be used as initiators for (co)polymerizations of at least one radically polymerizable monomer.

Abstract: High refractive index, melt processable polyphosphonates and methods for preparing the same are provided. These polymers are particularly useful for optical and ophthalmic parts, such as lenses. A method of preparing optical and ophthalmic lenses by injection molding the polymers of the present invention into the form of the optical or ophthalmic lenses is also provided.

Abstract: The invention concerns optically active polymers, obtainable by polymerizing chiral diphosphine having a C2 axis of symmetry, excluding all other symmetry element, with one or several polymerizable monomers, said chiral diphosphine consisting of a chiral body bearing two identical functional groups capable of reacting with said polymerizable monomers.

Abstract: The invention relates to flame-retardant, unsaturated polyester resins made from unsaturated and saturated dicarboxylic acids and/or their anhydrides, from polyhydric alcohols, from one or more monomers and from a reactive phosphorus compound, which contain structural units of the formula IV where R1 is straight-chain or branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or alkylaryl groups having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms and R2 is methyl or hydrogen. The invention likewise relates to a process for preparing such polyester resins and to their use.

Abstract: A polymeric material comprises at least one repeat unit consisting substantially of a moiety of Formula 1: in which Y1 represents N, P, S, As and/or Se, Ar1 and Ar2, which may the same or different, represent independently a multivalent, optionally substituted aromatic group, and Ar3 represents independently a mono or multivalent, optionally substituted aromatic group. At least one terminal group is attached in the polymer to the Ar1, Ar2 and optionally Ar3 groups located at the end of the polymer chains, so as to cap the polymer chains and prevent further polymer growth. At least one terminal group is derived from at least one end capping reagent used in the polymerisation to form the polymeric material to control the molecular weight thereof. A charge transport material comprising such polymers is useful in electroreprographic and electroluminescent devices. These polymers may be made by controlling their molecular weight with an end capping reagent.

Abstract: Phosphorus-comprising polyol, oligomer derived from this phosphorus-comprising polyol, polymer derived from this oligomer, processes for their preparation and uses of these. The present invention relates to a phosphorus-comprising polyol. The invention also relates to an oligomer derived from this phosphorus-comprising polyol and to the composition comprising this oligomer. The invention also relates to a polymer derived from this oligomer. The invention also relates to processes for the preparation of this phosphorus-comprising polyol, of this oligomer, of this polymer and of this composition. The invention also relates to the uses of this phosphorus-comprising polyol, of this oligomer, of this polymer and of this composition. The composition can be cross-linked by irradiation and exhibits flame-retardant properties.

Abstract: Biodegradable terephthalate polymers are described comprising the recurring monomeric units shown in formula I: wherein R is a divalent organic moiety; R′ is an aliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic residue; x is ≧1; and n is 0-5,000, wherein the biodegradable polymer is biocompatible before and upon biodegradation. Processes for preparing the polymers, compositions containing the polymers and biologically active substances, articles useful for implantation or injection into the body fabricated from the compositions, and methods for controllably releasing biologically active substances using the polymers, are also described.

Abstract: Salt of a melamine condensation product and a phosphorus-containing acid, the phosphorus-containing acid being a monobasic phosphorus-containing acid. Further a method for the preparation of a phosphorus-containing salt of a melamine condensation product in which a triazine compound and a monobasic phosphorus-containing acid are heated together to a temperature between 250 and 400° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel flame-retardant phosphorus-containing epoxy resins with an epoxy value of from 0.05 to 1.0 moll 100 g containing structural units which derive from (A) polyepoxy compounds having at least two epoxy groups per molecule, and (B) organic phosphinic acids. The invention further relates to a process for their preparation, and to their use. Besides their flame retardancy, the novel flame-retardant phosphorus-containing epoxy resins have especially good storage stability.

Abstract: The invention relates to an ionic compound corresponding to the formula [R1X1(Z1)—Q−—X2(Z2)—R2]m Mm+ in which Mm+ is a cation of valency m, each of the groups Xi is S═Z3, S═Z4, P—R3 or P—R4; Q is N, CR5, CCN or CSO2R5, each of the groups Zi is ═O, ═NC≡N, ═C(C≡N)2, ═NS(═Z)2R6 or ═C[S(═Z)2R6]2, each of the groups Ri, is Y, YO—, YS—, Y2N— or F, Y represents a monovalent organic radical or alternatively Y is a repeating unit of a polymeric frame. The compounds are useful for producing ion conducting materials or electrolytes, as catalysts and for doping polymers.

Abstract: Polymerizable ester surfactant, or a salt thereof, having the formula: R1—C(O)—R2—X wherein: R1 is an optionally substituted vinyl radical, R2 is a divalent polyoxyalkylene radical having at least two oxypropylene units, optional oxyethylene units in a block or random pattern, and a molar ratio oxypropylene units to oxyethylene units of at least about 2:1, preferably at least about 3:1, typically at least about 4:1 and more typically at least about 5:1, and X is a phosphate group, wherein in the ester the mono-phosphate ester to di-phosphate ester weight ratio is greater than 80:20. These polymerizable surfactant compounds are useful as the sole surfactant in producing polymer latices by emulsion polymerization by polymerization of them with another polymerizable monomer.

Abstract: The organic polymers of the invention have electrical semiconductor properties. The compounds have a backbone of phenylene groups to which side groups with semiconductor properties, or which impart semiconductor properties to the polymer, are bonded. The polymers are obtained by Bergmann cyclization from compounds that contain aromatic groups to which vicinal ethynyl groups are bonded. The polymers are suitable for the production of semiconductor components, such as organic transistors or diodes.

Abstract: Provided is an aromatic polymer phosphonic acid derivative in which a phosphonic acid derivative group is directly bound to aromatic ring. Said aromatic polymer phosphonic acid derivative can be produced by brominating a specific aromatic polymer compound with a brominating agent, then acting thereon trialky1 phosphite in the presence of a nickel halide catalyst to give a phosphonic acid di-ester, and further, by hydrolyzing the di-ester. The aromatic polymer phosphonic acid derivative is excellent in radical resistance and used for a solid polymer type fuel cell.

Abstract: A method for reducing the severity of chemotherapy side effects in cancer patients by administering thymosin &agr;1 in conjunction with the administration of a chemotherapy agent to the patient. As a result of the reduction of post-chemotherapy side effects, patients experience an increase in the quality of life.

Abstract: Biodegradable, flowable or flexible polymer compositions are described comprising a polymer having the recurring monomeric units shown in formula I: 1

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a cationic electrodeposition coating composition which is free from a heavy metal rust inhibitor, such as a lead compound, from the standpoint of the influence upon environment and also is capable of providing a coating film having an excellent corrosion prevention property.

Abstract: The invention relates to conjugated polycarbazole derivates comprising repeating or alternating units of the formula: 1

Abstract: An essentially non-osteoconductive medical device is described comprising a biodegradable terephthalate copolymer comprising the recurring monomeric units shown in formula I: wherein R is a divalent organic moiety; x is ≧1; and n is 3-7,500, where the biodegradable polymer is sufficiently pure to be biocompatible and is capable of forming biocompatible residues upon biodegradation. Compositions containing the copolymers and biologically active substances, articles useful for implantation or injection into the body fabricated from the compositions, and methods for controllably releasing biologically active substances using the copolymers, are also described.