Abstract: Discrete, non-agglomerating particles of polyalkylene carbonate are produced by solvent/non-solvent precipitation using certain solvent/non-solvent systems. The free-flowing particles obtained are from 30 to 3000 microns in diameter and are suitable for use in a variety of applications, particularly the preparation of foamed articles.

Abstract: Metal residues are extracted from poly(ether ketone ketones) with aliphatic alpha-hydroxycarboxylic acids or aromatic ortho-hydroxycarboxylic acids in a liquid phase, either neat or in an aqueous or a nonaqueous solution. Extraction of metal residues, which usually derive from the catalysts used in the preparation of poly(ether ketone ketones), improves both the color and the thermal stability of these polymers.

Abstract: A dimensionally stable polyester melt blown web composition is disclosed. The polyester melt blown web is obtained by contacting the web with a solvent, and drying the web. The solvents which are used have total solubility parameters (S.sub.o) of 8.5 to 12.0 (cal/cm.sup.3).sup.1/2, solubility parameter component due to hydrogen bonding (S.sub.h) of 0.5 to 5.5 (cal/cm.sup.3).sup.1/2 and solubility parameter component due to polar forces (S.sub.p) of 0.5 to 7.0 (cal/cm.sup.3).sup.1/2). The polyesters used for such melt blown webs include poly(ethylene-terephthalate), poly(cyclohexylene dimethylene terephthalate) and blends and copolymers of these polymers.

Abstract: A process for separating a relatively high molecular polymeric sulfonate, such as a polyvinyl sulfonate, from undesirable by-products of solfonation. An aqueous solution having a polymeric sulfonate dissolved therein is contacted with from about 7.5 to about 40 volume percent of a solvent selected from methanol, ethanol, acetone, or dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether to remove undesirable by-products of sulfonation therefrom and to enhance the molecular weight of the polymeric sulfonate.

Abstract: Poly-N-vinylcarbazole containing impurities is purified by a process in which the poly-N-vinylcarbazole to be purified is treated in a suitable apparatus at from 20.degree. to 150.degree. C. with an extracting agent.

Abstract: A peroxide curing agent composition containing 20-90% of an unsaturated alkyd diluent which is fluid at room temperature, is disclosed. The curing agent is useful for the curing of unsaturated polyesters and eliminates the problem of the bleeding of harmful phthalate diluents from such cured polyesters, while providing excellent stability of the diluted peroxide.

Abstract: Discrete, non-agglomerating particles of polyalkylene carbonate are produced by solvent/non-solvent precipitation using certain solvent/non-solvent systems. The free-flowing particles obtaine are from 30 to 3000 microns in diameter and are suitable for use in a variety of applications, particularly the preparation of foamed articles.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for reducing or eliminating hydrazine from a mixture containing hydrazine and a polymer, wherein the polymer is in latex form.

Abstract: Odor components are removed from polyphenylene ether resins by extracting the resin with a ketone, preferably acetone. Odor components removed by this method include 7-methyldihydrobenzofuran, dihydrobenzofuran, 2,4,6-trimethylanisole, 2,6-dimethylcyclohexanone, and 2-ethylhex-2-enal, as well as dibutylamines and various unsaturated amines.

Abstract: A solution of a polycarbonate resin in a good solvent of the resin is introduced concurrently but separately or as mixed with a poor solvent of the resin into a blending machine of self-cleaning type and heated and devolatilized therein so that a fine powder of the resin having a uniform particle size distribution and large bulk density can be easily obtained.

Abstract: Emulsion polymerization type thermoplastic resin of high performance can be produced by the following methods: namely, a method which comprises removing an aqueous phase from a two-phase mixture comprising a latex of polymer (1) produced by emulsion polymerization, a water soluble agent (2) in an amount of 10% by weight or less of said polymer (1) which is capable of coagulating the latex of polymer (1) and an organic agent (3) in an amount of 0.1 to 6 times the weight of said polymer (1) which is capable of dissolving both an uncrosslinked polymer contained in said polymer (1) and thermoplastic polymer (4) mentioned hereinbelow and has a solubility in water of 5% by weight or less at 25.degree. C.

Abstract: Novel, linear alternating polymers of carbon monoxide and at least one ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon have a high degree of monomeric unit purity. The polymers, produced with a catalyst composition formed from preformed palladium trifluoroacetate and a bidentate phosphorous ligand, exhibit improved thermal stability and enhanced crystallinity and crystallizability.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the solvent-induced crystallization of amorphous poly(etheretherketone)-type polymer to produce an article, which process comprises:A. contacting a preformed article of a polymer comprising amorphous poly(etheretherketone)-type polymer with at least one organic compound in its liquid state which consists essentially of atoms of carbon and hydrogen, optionally with oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, halogen or mixtures thereof having a molecular weight of between about 160 and 320 daltons at a temperature of between about 85.degree. C. and 145.degree. C. for a time effective to crystallize the poly(etheretherketone)-type polymer,B. removing the organic compound, andC. recovering the article comprising crystallized poly(etheretherketone)-type polymer. Poly(etheretherketone), poly(phenylenesulfide) or mixtures thereof are preferred polymer systems.

Abstract: By adding a swelling agent which does not dissolve solid polymers to plastics granulates, the morphology is extended without product damage to such as extent that residual constituents can be quickly removed down to a few ppm by diffusive transport and subsequent separation of the swelling agent. The remaining swelling agent is then removed by application of heat.

Abstract: Polycarbonate for production of disc substrates, a process for efficiently producing said polycarbonate, and a disc substrate made of said polycarbonate are disclosed. This polycarbonate has a low molecular weight polymer content of not more than 3% by weight, an unreacted bisphenol content of not more than 20 ppm, and a methylene chloride content of not more than 20 ppm, and can be obtained by extracting impurity-containing powdery polycarbonate with an organic solvent such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone. This polycarbonate is particularly suitable for production of high quality disc substrates.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a particulate polymer prepared by the agglomeration of polymer particles contained in a polymer latex. The particulate polymer is composed of primary particles having particle sizes of at least 20 .mu.m and/or secondary particles formed by the agglomeration of at least some of the primary particles and is in the form of a compact mass substantially free of voids. The particulate polymer is prepared by coagulating the polymer latex in the presence of a coagulant and an organic liquid having low solubility in water. The particulate polymer has a high bulk specific gravity and contains few fine particles. It is thus easy to handle and allows the consumption of energy to be reduced in the drying step.

Abstract: Catalyst residues are reduced in linear alternating polymers of carbon monoxide and at least one ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon produced in the presence of a Group VIII transition metal catalyst by contacting the linear alternating polymer with a dithiocarbamate compound in a non-gaseous reaction environment in an oxygenated organic reaction diluent.

Abstract: A linear alternating polymer of carbon monoxide and at least one ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon having enhanced purity is produced by contacting the polymer, subsequent to polymerization but prior to recovery from the polymerization mixture, with a complexing agent for palladium.

Abstract: The selection of the proper solvent systems for polyalkylene carbonates which completely dissolve the polymer at high temperatures but are non-solvents at lower temperatures allows one to obtain discrete particles of the polymers suitable for many applications, processing and handling. The particles size can be controlled from about 30 to about 3000 microns in diameter.

Abstract: Grinding agent for aqueous suspension of coarse mineral materials intended for pigment applications, composed of an alkaline acrylic polymer and/or copolymer, with an average specific viscosity of less than 0.8, formed of a fraction of this polymer and/or copolymer isolated by means of a polar solvent, the specific viscosity of said fraction comprised between 0.3 and 0.8.

Abstract: In a process for preparing polyarylene sulfides by reacting a dihalo-aromatic compound with a sulfur source in an organic amide solvent in the presence of an alkali metal salt of carboxylic acid as a polymerization aid or assistant, a specific class of carboxylic acids are employed for preparing the alkali metal salt polymerization aid. The specific carboxylic acids are of the general formula: R(COOH).sub.n (wherein R is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 organic radical and n is an integer not less than 1) and have a solubility of not less than 3 g/100 ml in ethanol at 20.degree. C. Use of such a carboxylic acid in the process permits the recovery thereof from the polymerization mixture to be effected with significantly improved efficiency.

Abstract: Disclosed is a biaxially oriented poly-p-phenylene sulfide film prepared from a resin composition comprising poly-p-phenylene sulfide as its principal component, 20-1000 ppm of at least one metal belonging to IA group or IIA group of the periodic table and 100-600 ppm of nitrogen, the poly-p-phenylene sulfide having an weight average molecular weight Mw of 30,000-90,000, and a ratio of weight average molecular weight to number average molecular weight Mw/Mn of 3-10. The film of the present invention has an excellent mechanical properties and dimensional stability, as well as excellent clearness.

Abstract: A novolak resin for a positive photoresist is provided herein, which resin is produced by the addition condensation reaction of a phenol with formaldehyde. This novolak resin has improved heat resistant and sensitivity properties and the thickness retention of the novolak resins are very high.

Abstract: The invention relates to the purification of polymers, particularly resorbable polyesters, using shear fields produced mechanically or by fluid dynamics.

Abstract: The invention is a process for working up a linear alternating copolymer of carbon monoxide, ethylene and optionally at least one olefinically unsaturated hydrocarbon, which process comprises contacting the copolymer with an organic solvent in the absence of molecular oxygen and under conditions effective to reduce the amount of impurities in the copolymer, and drying the copolymer in the absence of molecular oxygen.

Abstract: A polymer hydrogel substantially free from monomers and oligomers is prepared by contacting a previously prepared polymer hydrogel with a single-phase mixture of water and a solvent and then separating the mixture of water and solvent from the hydrogel.

Abstract: A polyarylene sulfide having a low content of electrolytic ions is economically recovered from a mixture consisting mainly of polyarylene sulfide and an alkali metal halide which mixture is obtained by reacting a polyhalogenated aromatic compound and an alkali metal sulfide containing water in an organic polar solvent, by dehydrating the mixture by distillation, mixing the dehydrated mixture with a solvent which is a poor solvent for both polyarylene sulfide and alkali metal halide and which is soluble in the organic polar solvent to prepare a slurry consisting essentially of the polyarylene sulfide and the alkali metal halide, subjecting the slurry to solid-liquid separation, washing the resultant cake with the poor solvent, drying the cake, adding water to the cake to wash away the alkali metal halide through dissolution, and subjecting the slurry to solid-liquid separation to recover polyarylene sulfide.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the preparation of optionally branched polyarylene sulphides which are distinguished by their substantially lower corrosiveness.

Abstract: The total halide content of epoxy resins is reduced by heating a resin containing undesirable halide dissolved in a solvent mixture containing at least one polar aprotic solvent in the presence of an alkali metal hydroxide for a time sufficient to reduce the total halide content.

Abstract: A process for achieving a high yield of rubber and/or resin from rubber containing plants such as guayule plants by crushing the plants, forming a slurry with a solvent and fine grinding said slurry with a high shear mixer. The time required by the process is very short in comparison with prior art techniques.

Abstract: A nutrient solution of a microorganism to be supplied to a fermentor or a culture broth in the fermentor is aseptically filtered by a porous filter medium made of polytetrafluoroethylene polymer and having properties impervious to microorganism, resistant to heat and chemicals, and hydrophilic, wherein said hydrophilic property was given to the surface of said filter medium with a treatment for hydrophilicity. This treatment comprises treating polytetrafluoroethylene porous polymer as a raw material for the filter medium with surface treating agent comprising an alkali metal naphthalene and diamine and immersing the treated polymer into concentrated sulfuric acid containing an aliphatic or aromatic aldehyde dissolved therein in a concentration exceeding half saturation.

Abstract: A process for separating solid cyclic oligomeric dihydric phenol carbonate from solid high molecular weight linear aromatic polycarbonate which comprises admixing an organic solvent with a composition comprising major quantities of solid high molecular weight linear aromatic polycarbonate and minor quantities of solid cyclic oligomeric dihydric phenol carbonate and separating the cyclic oligomeric dihydric phenol carbonate soluble in the organic solvent from the high molecular weight linear aromatic polycarbonate insoluble in the organic solvent, said organic solvent selected so that a very large fraction of the said solid cyclic oligomer is separated from a very large fraction of the said polycarbonate which remains as a solid in the organic solvent.

Abstract: A process for extracting rubber and/or resin from rubber containing plants such as guayule utilizing a monophase mixture of an organic polar solvent and a hydrocarbon solvent.

Abstract: A process for extracting resin and rubber from guayule plants utilizing a portion of recycled miscella and a fresh solvent system. An expression step is applied to the plants to enhance recovery of resin and rubber extract. The solvent system is preferably an organic polar solvent and a hydrocarbon solvent for rubber for simultaneous resin and rubber extraction containing at least 50% by weight of the hydrocarbon solvent. The process can be a one-step method wherein resin and rubber are generally simultaneously extracted.

Abstract: A method for isolating polymer resins from organic solvents is provided wherein the organic solvent is vaporized in a separation medium comprised of water and an organic anti-solvent for said polymer without significant vaporization of the organic anti-solvent. The polymer precipitates as a powder without high-speed, high-shear agitation and without the formation of a sticky globular mass.

Abstract: A process for preparing a polycyanoaryl ether powder which comprises;reacting at a temperature between 100.degree. and 350.degree. C. a dihalogenobenzonitrile with an alkali metal salt of at least one of hydroquinone and dihydroxydiphenyl in the presence of a solvent (i) selected from the group consisting of dimethyl sulfoxide, diethyl sulfoxide, sulfolane, N-methylpyrrolidone, N-methylacetoamide and N-methylformamide to form a reaction mixture containing a dissolved polycyanoaryl ether; andwhen the concentration of said dissolved polycyanoaryl ether in the reaction mixture is in the range of from 2 to 15% by weight, adding to said reaction mixture, a solvent (ii) which is miscible with said solvent (i) but which is not a solvent for said polycyanoaryl ether, said solvent (ii) being added in an amount of from 30 to 200% by volume based on the volume of said solvent (i) and said solvent (ii) being added at a temperature of from 10.degree. to 100.degree. C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new polyacrylamide adhesive suitable for the fixing of fine-particle sorbent layers based on organic and/or inorganic compounds, used in overpressured one- and multilayer chromatographic procedures.The said adhesive is prepared by polymerizing the aqueous solutions of acrylamide and N,N'-methylene-bis-acrylamide in the presence of a catalyst pair at from 21.degree. to 30.degree. C., pulpifying the precipitate thus obtained and repeating the precipitation and the pulpification more times.

Abstract: High molecular weight polyester resins are sometimes produced from low molecular weight polyester prepolymers having the same composition by solid state polymerization. Polyester prepolymers are generally converted from the amorphous state to the crystalline state prior to solid state polymerization in order to raise their sticking temperature. This is done in order to keep the polyester prepolymer from sticking together as a solid mass in the solid state polymerization reactor. Such polyester prepolymers have traditionally been crystallized by heating them to elevated temperatures. It has been found that polyester prepolymers can be crystallized by exposing them to the vapors of certain volatile organic compounds. By utilizing such vapors to crystallize polyester prepolymers the need for a thermal crystallization step can be eliminated.

Abstract: A process is provided herein wherein a solid polymer slurry diluted with a specific diluent is continuously discharged under controlled conditions from a high pressure zone to a low pressure zone substantially maintained at atmospheric pressure and the slurry is then separated into said diluent and dried polymer, the improvement wherein the discharged amount of the solid polymer slurry is strictly controlled by varying the heat in the second zone and simultaneously adding a diluent which is gaseous under normal temperature and pressure so that by the control of these two perimeters a continuous slurry discharge can be maintained at predetermined levels.

Abstract: After crude polyacetal polymers mainly comprising bonded oxymethylene groups in the main chain thereof were once molten, they are heated at temperatures of 80.degree. C. or above in liquid mediums, in which said crude polyacetal polymers are insoluble, with keeping a heterogeneous system after they were once molten.

Abstract: A formed product of a high molecular compound having a glass transition temperature of not more than about 60.degree. C., which is substantially free of halogenated solvents harmful to the human body, is produced by mixing the high molecular compound, a halogenated solvent and an organic solvent other than the halogenated solvent which is compatible with the solvent and is less apt to dissolve the high molecular compound to prepare a solution and then maintaining the solution at a temperature around the boiling point of the halogenated solvent.

Abstract: Described herein is a process for stabilizing a poly(aryl ether ketone), polymer produced by reacting a nucleophilic coreactants with an electrophilic coreactants under Friedel-Crafts polymerization conditions which process comprises treating the polymer so produced with a dicarbonyl chelating agent.

Abstract: A method for separating guayule bagasse from a guayule-solvent mixture utilizing a monophase solvent. Upon the addition of water, a two-phase system is formed wherein the bagasse is located just below the monophase solvent-water interface.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for modifying accumulated cross-linked polymer in an apparatus used for the production of a vinylaromatic compound, comprising optionally softening the polymer with an organic solvent; precipitating the polymer with a light, polar non-solvent for the polymer and expanding the softened polymer by bringing the softened polymer in contact with steam whereby the polymer is converted into a state which enables it to be more easily removed from the apparatus.

Abstract: A method for making a quite finely divided particulate copolymeric perfluorocarbon having pendant cation exchange functional groups, and having an equivalent weight of at least in excess of 900 but not greater than about 1500. In the method, the perfluorocarbon copolymer is solvated in a solvent and then precipitated from solution by addition of a substance miscible in the solvent but having essentially no capability for solvating the perfluorocarbon copolymer. The method is conducted at a temperature generally below about 300.degree. C.

Abstract: Cresol-formaldehyde novolak resins made from a mixture containing meta- and paracresol or ortho-, meta- and paracresol in a ratio selected from a given range for use in fast positive photoresist compositions together with one or more sensitizing compounds. When dissolved in a mixture of organic solvents, the photoresist compositions are suitable for application as a thin coating to a substrate. After the coating has been dried, the coated substrate can be exposed to image-wise modulated actinic radiation and developed in alkaline solution, yielding a relief pattern of resist on substrate useful for a number of applications.

Abstract: This invention is a method of removing alkaline catalysts from polyether polyols and polyalkylene carbonate polyols which comprises(a) dissolving a polyether polyol or a polyalkylene carbonate polyol in a polar aprotic solvent;(b) contacting the polyether polyol or polyalkylene carbonate polyol solution with a sufficient amount of an adsorbent which adsorbs alkaline catalysts to adsorb the alkaline catalysts, at a temperature of between about -30.degree. C. and 110.degree. C. under conditions such that the adsorbent adsorbs the alkaline catalysts; and(c) physically separating the adsorbent from the polyol solution.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for reducing the odor and/or improving the performance of polyester plasticizers of the type made from a dibasic acid, a polyol, and a chain terminator wherein a molar excess of alcohol ingredients is used. Such improved polyester plasticizer is made by subjecting the polyester plasticizer to a second stage reaction with a treating agent reactive with hydroxyl groups to reduce the hydroxyl value to no more than about 4. Preferably, the low acid number of the initial polyester plasticizer is maintained. The treating agent can be monofunctional or poly-functional, though preferably a difunctional isocyanate is used. Conventional thermoplastic substrates, typified by polyvinyl chloride, can be plasticized with the novel polyester plasticizers of the present invention.

Abstract: (Co)polymers which are composed of one or more monomers from the group comprising(a) the vinyl-aromatic monomers and(b) the ethylenically unsaturated monomersand furthermore contain one or more monomer components (a) or (b), or (a) and (b), as unreacted residual monomers are treated at above the glass temperature of the (co)polymer and in the presence of one or more assistants, which have been added to the (co)polymer. The assistant used is a bicyclic compound of the general formula I ##STR1## where X is a methylene, ethylene, 1,1-ethenyl, 1,2-ethenyl, carbonyl, azo, amino, ether or thioether group which is unsubstituted or substituted by halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, carboxyl, carboxyalkyl, an ether group or a thioether group, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, carboxyalkyl or nitrile, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are each hydrogen, halogen, alkyl or carboxyalkyl, and R.sup.7 and R.sup.

Abstract: A method of making an electrically conducting polymer is disclosed which includes poly(N-alkyl 3',3 carbazolyl) at least a portion of which is doped with a compatible charge transfer acceptor to provide p-type electrical conductivity, and in which the alkyl group is one selected from the group consisting of ethyl and methyl or a combination thereof.