Abstract: Hydrazides of the formula ##STR1## are good curing agents for epoxy resin, wherein in the formula, X is an aromatic hydrocarbon residue of dihydric phenol, ##STR2## The curing agents are useful in formulating novel storable one-package, heat-curable epoxy resin-based compositions.

Abstract: A thermosetting resin composition comprising (A) at least one polyfunctional epoxy compound and (B) at least one polyfunctional nitrile compound and a prepolymer thereof can give a cured product having excellent heat resistance and mechanical properties such as flexibility.

Abstract: Hydrazides of the formula ##STR1## are good curing agents for epoxy resin. The curing agents are useful in formulating novel storable one-package, heat-curable epoxy resin-based compositions.

Abstract: An epoxy resin substantially represented by the general formula ##STR1## where Ar.sup.1 is a residual group of a dihydric phenol derived from a compound having one or two benzene nuclei, Ar.sup.2 is residual group of a halogen-substituted benzenoid compound having two halogen atoms on its nuclei and represented by the formula --Ar.sup.3 --Y--Ar.sup.4 -- where each of Ar.sup.3 and Ar.sup.4 is a hydrocarbon group having a divalent benzene nucleus and Y is a sulfone group or a carbonyl group, and n is an integer of from 1 to 50.

Abstract: The hydrolyzable "chloride" contents of epoxides prepared from epihalohydrins and phenols, aromatic amines or >N-H group-containing heterocycles are considerably reduced by a second dehydrochlorination step which comprises dissolving the epoxide in a solvent having the characteristics of a 1:1 by weight blend of methylethylketone and toluene and treating it with amounts of base and water ensuring a final base concentration equivalent to that of about 4 wt. % aqueous NaOH.

Abstract: Polyadducts/polycondensates which can be diluted with water when protonated with an acid and which contain basic nitrogen groups are obtained by the polyaddition reaction of(A) a Mannich base obtained from(a) a monophenol and/or a polyphenol,(b) one or more dialkylamines of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each alkyl or alkoxyalkyl, or are linked to one another to form a 5-membered or 6-membered ring, and(c) formaldehyde with(B) an epoxy resinand contain groups, which are bonded to aromatic rings, of the general formula ##STR2## and may or may not contain groups of the general formula ##STR3## where R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or alkoxyalkyl, or are linked to one another to form a 5-membered or 6-membered ring, and R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are each hydrogen or methyl.These products are useful as binders for the cathodic electrocoating of metallic articles.

Abstract: Curable compositions of matter comprising an epoxy resin and a curing agent selected from the group consisting of polyvalent metal salts of a phosphorodithioic acid, the acid being derived from the reaction of a phosphorus sulfide with a hydroxyl containing aromatic compound, and products derived from the reaction of the polyvalent metal salt with a mono- or polyamine.

Abstract: An improved process for reacting vicinal epoxides with phenols or thiophenols is described. This process is conducted at essentially anhydrous conditions and temperatures less than 175.degree. C. The resulting resins are generally more linear and less colored than advanced resins produced via prior art processes. Also the phosphonium catalyst remains active to promote subsequent advancement or curing reactions. The catalyst can be deactivated in a separate step to produce a resin of exceptional purity.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel N-cyano amide compositions and adducts thereof of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is a simple organic moiety or a polymeric adduct with the valence of n and n is 2 or 3. The composition, per se, can be used as a curing agent for epoxy resins to form a thermoset material on heating.

Abstract: A polyol for a polyurethane produced by reacting an epoxide with a reaction product obtained by reacting at least four components of (a) a phenol compound having the formula A--OH (A represents an aromatic ring having at least two reactive sites), (b) an aromatic amine having the formula B--NH.sub.2 (B represents an aromatic ring having at least two reactive sites), (c) an aldehyde and (d) an alkanolamine.

Abstract: Polyadducts/polycondensates which can be diluted with water when protonated with an acid and which contain basic nitrogen groups are obtained by the polyaddition reaction of(A) a Mannich base obtained from a monophenol and/or a polyphenol, one or more secondary amines which contain one or more hydroxyalkyl groups, or a mixture of a secondary amine of this type with another secondary amine, and formaldehyde with(B) one or more epoxy resins,and contain groups, which are bonded to aromatic rings, of the formula (I) ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each alkyl of 1 to 9 carbon atoms, or hydroxyalkyl or alkoxyalkyl, each of 2 to 10 carbon atoms, or are linked to one another to form a 5-membered or 6-membered ring, and R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each hydrogen or methyl.These products are useful as binders for cathodic electrocoating.

Abstract: An epoxy resin composition is disclosed. The epoxy resin is useful as a flexible adhesive.The composition comprises a modified epoxy base resin with a curing agent. The resin is modified by partial reaction with a polyoxyalkylene monoamine. No solvent is present in the formulation.

Abstract: Phosphonopolyester oligomers are prepared from hydroxyalkylated 2,2',-bis(3-allylphenyl-4-hydroxy) alkanes and phosphonyl dihalides. The oligomers are useful in the preparation of polyester resins, epoxy resins, and polyurethanes.

Abstract: A liquid curing agent for polyepoxides having terminal epoxide groups is made from a blend of a normally solid aliphatic polyol and a monoimidazole. Cured compositions made from the curing agent and the polyepoxide are useful in various types of plastics applications.

Abstract: Phosphonopolyester oligomers are prepared from hydroxyalkylated 2,2',-bis(3-allylphenyl-4-hydroxy) alkanes and phosphonyl dihalides. The oligomers are useful in the preparation of polyester resins, epoxy resins, and polyurethanes.

Abstract: Epoxy resins are cured with salicyloyl hydrocarbyl amines such as N,N'-disalicyloyl-1,2-propylenediamine. The cured resins have an improvement in one or more properties such as color, tensile strength and flexural strength or improved pot life when compared to amine curing agents such as methylene dianiline.

Abstract: Tetrahydrocarbyl phosphonium bicarbonate salts are employed as catalysts to promote the reaction between (a) vicinal epoxides and (b) carboxylic acids or anhydrides. These catalysts are particularly useful in the preparation of vinyl ester resins.

Abstract: Epoxide resins are cured by heating with a hydroxyphenylurea of formula ##STR1## where R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each represent a (cyclo)alkyl, (cyclo)alkenyl, or aralkyl group, optionally substituted by --OH, --CN, or a halogen atom, with the proviso that R.sup.2 may also represent --H, or R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 together with the indicated attached N atom represent a heterocyclic radical, R.sup.4 denotes --NH.sub.2, --NO.sub.2, --Cl, --Br, or alkyl, and p denotes zero, 1, or 2. Such hydroxyphenylureas may be used alone, as accelerators for heat-curing with other agents such as dicyandiamide, melamine, and carboxylic acid hydrazides, or may be used as the primary curing agent with promoters such as dicyandiamide, melamine, and carboxylic hydrazides.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of molded bodies and coatings which comprises reacting at least one epoxy compound containing more than one 1,2-epoxy group per molecule alone or in combination with at least one monoepoxide, with at least one substituted amine of formula ##STR1## which contains no free phenols and in which R.sup.1 is hydrogen or methyl,R.sup.2 is a radical of at least one of formulae ##STR2## and R.sup.

Abstract: The invention relates to oligomeric and/or polymeric precursor stages of polyoxazoles, as well as to a method for the preparation of these precursor stages. New radiation-reactive polymer precursor stages are provided comprised of addition products of olefinically unsaturated monoepoxides on hydroxyl group-containing polycondensation products of aromatic and/or heterocyclic dihydroxy diamino compounds with dicarboxylic-acid chlorides or esters. The radiation-reactive precursor stages according to the invention are suitable, for example, for the preparation of highly heat-resistant relief structures and as coatings for the optical fibers of light waveguides.

Abstract: New epoxy resins are prepared by reacting a hydroxybenzamide or derivative thereof with an epihalo-hydrin followed by dehydrohalogenation. These epoxy resins have crystalline melting points, self-cure at elevated temperatures and cure rapidly in the presence of the usual epoxy resin curing agents. Also disclosed are hydrolyzed products of these epoxy resins and subsequent reactions with polyisocyanates.

Abstract: A polymer composition is herein disclosed, which consists essentially of:(A) 90 to 50 wt % of a saturated polymer having in one molecule (1) at least two groups of at least one type selected from the group consisting of an epoxy group of the formula ##STR1## (R is hydrogen or methyl), an alcoholic or phenolic hydroxyl group and an alkoxymethyl-substituted acid amide group of the formula ##STR2## (R is an alkyl group of C.sub.1 to C.sub.4) and (2) a repeating unit made of a nonaromatic methylene group or methine group; and(B) 50 to 10 wt % of a nonfunctional radical polymerizable monomer mixture consisting of (a) a radical polymerizable monomer having in one molecule at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of a carboxyl group, an acid anhydride group, an alcoholic hydroxyl group, an alkoxymethyl-substituted acid amide group of the formula ##STR3## (R is an alkyl group of C.sub.1 to C.sub.4) and an amino group of the formula --NR.sub.1 R.sub.2 (R.sub.1 and R.sub.

Abstract: The production of amine resins having Mannich base groups which dissolve in water with the aid of a solubilizing acid is disclosed in which a dihydric phenolic organic compound, such as a bisphenol, is reacted in organic solvent medium with at least 3 moles of formaldehyde per mol of bisphenol to at least partially methylolate the bisphenol prior to other reactions. The at least partially methylolated product is then reacted with a stoichiometric deficiency of organic diepoxide, and then with monosecondary amine to provide Mannich base groups. The Mannich base-containing product is then reacted with additional epoxide-functional material.

Abstract: An improved method for the production of polyols useful in the application of sprayed high density polyurethane foams is described. The improvement involves varying the formaldehyde to phenol mole ratio to range between 1.25:1 to 1.75:1 to produce a polyol with the desired viscosity. Ordinarily such polyols are prepared by reacting 4.65 to 5 moles of propylene oxide with 1 mole of the Mannich reaction product of a mole of phenol or nonylphenol with 1 or 2 moles of diethanolamine and 1 or 2 moles of formaldehyde. It is particularly surprising that such changes in the formulation may be made without adversely affecting the resultant properties of the spray foam.

Abstract: Novel cationic polymer flocculants are prepared by polycondensation of an epihalohydrin and mixed Mannich reaction products of a monohydric phenol and bisphenol with formaldehyde and dialkylamine. The flocculants are stable in aqueous solutions and show an excellent effect in purification of industrial effluents.

Abstract: The process according to the invention is performed by reaction of epoxide resins with primary and/or secondary polyamines with simultaneous quaternizing by means of aromatic and aliphatic polysulfonic esters, halogen-free organic phosphoric esters, or organic compounds which contain at least 1 chlorine or bromine atom, and which are free from -COOH groups and corresponding salt groups. The crosslinked plastics thus obtained are distinguished by an improved electrical conductivity.

Abstract: New epoxy resins are prepared by reacting a hydroxybenzamide or derivative thereof with an epihalohydrin followed by dehydrohalogenation. These epoxy resins have crystalline melting points, self-cure at elevated temperatures and cure rapidly in the presence of the usual epoxy resin curing agents. Also disclosed are hydrolyzed products of these epoxy resins and subsequent reactions with polyisocyanates.

Abstract: Compositions containing a relatively low equivalent weight epoxy resin and an advancement catalyst for reacting said epoxy resin with a polyhydric phenol are stable at high storage temperatures when the advancement catalyst is a phosphonium salt of phosphoric acid, phosphorous acid or polyphosphoric acid.

Abstract: Imide-anhydrides having the structure ##STR1## wherein 1 and 2 are certain cycloaliphatic or aromatic groups and Z is selected from certain imide-anhydride and other substituents have been found to provide cured epoxy resin systems characterized by high temperature stability and excellent mechanical and physical properties.

Abstract: Liquid polyglycidyl compounds, diethyltoluylenediamine, a curing accelerator and optionally further additives form a liquid matrix system with which fibres and fibre shapes are impregnated by known techniques, particularly by filament winding, pultrusion and injection processes. The components thus produced are for example tubes capable of withstanding pressure and torsional stress.

Abstract: A curable resin composition comprising an epoxy resin, a hardener and an epoxy compound-dialkylamine adduct as a latent hardener. The composition is excellent in storage stability at ambient temperatures and rapidly curable under heating conditions, and is usable as adhesives, paints, molding materials, casting materials and so on.

Abstract: A melt-fabricatable or melt-fabricated composition comprising (i) a crystalline thermoplastic aromatic polyetherketone containing the repeat unit ##STR1## alone or in conjunction with other repeat units said polymer having an inherent viscosity of at least 0.7 and (ii) a glass and/or carbon fibre reinforcing agent, which composition is melt-fabricatable into a composition exhibiting, or alternatively (if melt-fabricated) exhibits, an increase in heat deflection temperature (HDT) of at least 3.degree. C. per 1% by weight of reinforcing agent above the HDT of the unreinforced polyetherketone and an increase in flexural modulus of at least 0.2 GN.sub.m.sup.-2 per 1% by weight of reinforcing agent above the flexural modulus of the unreinforced polyetherketone.

Abstract: High molecular weight epoxy resins containing hydrolyzed epoxy groups are prepared by reacting (A) a low molecular weight epoxy resin, and (B) a hydroxyl-containing compound in the presence of (C) a catalyst therefor and (D) an excess quantity of water and thereafter removing the excess water.

Abstract: Tetrahydrocarbyl phosphonium bicarbonate salts are described which are unexpectedly effective as catalysts for promoting the reaction between (a) vicinal epoxides and (b) phenols. These catalysts are particularly useful in preparing high molecular weight epoxy resins by the advancement reaction of an epoxy resin with a polyhydric phenol.

Abstract: A coating composition containing as essential components(A) a prepolymer of epoxy resin and polyhydroxy phenolic compound selected from the group consisting of:(i) poly-nuclear polyhydroxy phenols having adjacent hydroxy groups,(ii) polyol esters of polyhydroxy phenolic carboxylic acids having adjacent hydroxy groups,(iii) a mixture thereof, and(B) an organic hardener for epoxy resins.This coating composition can be coated on rusty metal surfaces.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of curable polyadducts, possessing basic nitrogen groups, wherein (A) monophenols and/or polyphenols, which contain groups of the general formula (I): ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are identical or different and each is hydrogen or methyl are reacted with (B) amines having one or more primary and/or secondary amino groups, and the adduct formed is reacted with (C) epoxide compounds having from 1 to 4 epoxide groups per molecule and having a molecular weight of at most 2,500, the ratio of the phenolic hydroxyl groups of (A) to epoxide groups of (C) being from 1:0.5 to 1:2 and the amine (B) being employed in such amount that the resulting polyadduct of (A), (B) and (C) contains from 0.1 to 5% by weight of basic nitrogen, and the use of the products, after protonation with an acid, as binders for the production of coatings, especially for the cathodic electrocoating of metal articles.

Abstract: A polyadduct/polycondensate, which is water-dilutable when protonated with an acid, and which contains basic nitrogen groups, is obtained by polyaddition reaction of(A) Mannich bases obtained from monophenols and/or polyphenols, one or more secondary amines which contain one or more hydroxyalkyl groups, or a mixture of such a secondary amine with another secondary amine, and formaldehyde or a formaldehyde donor, with(B) an epoxy resin, the polyadduct/polycondensate of (A) and (B) containing groups, bonded to aromatic rings, of the formula (I) ##STR1## with or without groups of the general formula II ##STR2## where R.sup.1 is a polydienyl radical, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are hydrogen or methyl and R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or alkoxyalkyl or are linked to one another to form a 5-membered or 6-membered ring.The polyadduct/polycondensate can be used, for example, as a surface-coating binder for the cathodic electrocoating of metal articles.

Abstract: Imide-amines having the structure ##STR1## wherein ##STR2## are certain cycloaliphatic or aromatic groups and R and R individually are hydrogen, halogen, an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, hydroxy, carboxyl, and amine and when taken together represent ##STR3## wherein R.sup.2 is the same as R and R.sup.1, have been found to provide cured epoxy resin systems characterized by high temperature stability and excellent mechanical and physical properties.

Abstract: The invention concerns polyadducts and their use.The polyadducts, possessing nitrogen-basic groups, have a mean molecular weight of from 500 to 10,000 and contain groups, attached to aromatic rings, of the general formula (I) ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are identical or different and each is hydrogen or methyl.In particular, these polyadducts are used, after protonizing with an acid, as binders for the cathodic electrocoating of metal articles.

Abstract: A resinous hardener system comprising the reaction product of diamino diphenylsulfone compounds and diglycidyl ethers of polyhydric phenols. The hardener system can be incorporated into a variety of epoxy resins for use as improved prepreg or laminating resins, as resin molded castings, and the like.

Abstract: Novel unitary, storable, heat-curable epoxy resin systems are prepared which contain a polyepoxide and a curing amount of a salt of piperazine and a C.sub.3 -C.sub.21 polycarboxylic acid. In a preferred aspect the salt is present in a stoichiometric amount. The resin system is cured into an insoluble, infusible resin product by heating thereof at a temperature greater than 50.degree. C., preferably 50.degree.-250.degree. C., for a time sufficient to complete the cure.

Abstract: Coating compositions which may be applied by conventional techniques as well as by electrodeposition are provided by reacting a polyglycidyl ether of a polyphenol with an amino acid containing at least one amine group and one carboxyl group, wherein the amine group of the acid is preferentially reactive with the epoxy groups of the polyglycidyl ether. The resultant product can then be solubilized by neutralizing at least a portion of the acid functionality thereof with an amine or other base. Especially useful amino acids are the aminobenzoic acids.

Abstract: Hydrophobic, thermoset resins having highly desirable properties in coatings applications can be prepared from novel, water-thinnable, base-neutralized, acidic reaction products of orthophosphoric acid with hydrophobic, nominally-difunctional polyether epoxide resins having average epoxide equivalent weights (EEW) of from about 172 to about 5500. The phosphate groups in these products, when formed with fugitive bases, are thermally decomposable to yield resins which are not rapidly self-converting as such but are rapidly heat convertible in admixture with any of several types of curing agents. The functional groups responsible for water solubilization are utilized (and reacted out) in curing of the resins. The invention provides a method of utilizing hydrophobic, high performance polyether epoxide type polymers in aqueous coating systems having the ability to wet metal surfaces.

Abstract: An epoxy resin composition which comprises (1) an epoxy resin having at least two epoxy groups per molecule and (2) an amine having at least one perfluoroalkyl group and at least one primary and/or secondary amino groups per molecule can be readily cured to afford a cured product, which shows excellent water resistance, oil resistance and stainproof property.

Abstract: A prepolymer is comprised of the reaction product of at least one aliphatic bismaleimide, at least one aromatic amine and at least one aromatic bismaleimide in combination with an aromatic and/or a cycloaliphatic epoxy resin providing at least two functional epoxy groups to provide a low temperature curable composition. The cured products are strongly adherent to a variety of substrates.

Abstract: A prepolymer comprised of the reaction product of at least one aliphatic bismaleimide, at least one aromatic amine and at least one aromatic bismaleimide is combined with at least one cycloaliphatic epoxy resin having a melting point less than about 120.degree. F. and at least two functional epoxy groups to provide a low temperature curable composition. The cured products are strongly adherent to a variety of substrates.

Abstract: Amine compounds, adaptable to use as a hardener for epoxy compounds, prepared by the reaction, with amine exchange and liberation of secondary amine, of a Mannich base and a member selected from the group consisting of aminoamides, aminoimidazolines, aminoamides containing an imidazoline group, and polyamines, said Mannich base being prepared by reacting formaldehyde, a monophenol or polyphenol, and a secondary amine are disclosed, as are a method of making epoxy polyadducts (i.e. cured epoxy resins) by the reaction of said amine hardener compounds with an epoxy compound and the epoxy polyadducts (i.e. cured epoxy resins) so prepared.

Abstract: A N-substituted piperazine or N-substituted homopiperazine adduct with a polyepoxide is used as a co-curing agent in epoxy resin systems containing a polyepoxide and a known curing agent such as dicyandiamide, a carboxylic acid anhydride, or a dihydrazide. The preferred adducts have a ratio of epoxy groups to secondary amino groups of between 1.2:1 and 3:1. The preferred polyepoxides are polyglycidyl ethers of 4,4'-isopropylidenediphenol (bisphenol A). Suitable adducts are prepared from N-methyl-, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-, N-octyl-, N-phenyl- and N-benzyl piperazine and N-methyl homopiperazine.

Abstract: Phosphoric acid is reacted with mono- or polyfunctional epoxides containing methyol or alkoxymethyl groups, to provide resins which are curable simply by heating and contain as much as about 30 weight percent of phosphoric acid. Improved flame retardancy and water resistance are imparted to structural foams by impregnating them with these resins and curing in-situ.

Abstract: The disclosed coating system comprises a curable liquid epoxide and an amine hardener or co-curative. The amine co-curative comprises a blend of an aliphatic amine (e.g. trimethyl hexamethylene diamine) and a bismethylamino aromatic compound (e.g. a xylylene diamine). This coating system, when suitably combined with a reflectorizing material, has the ability to satisfy some or all of the very troublesome requirements of a highway marking or striping composition and is therefore useful in methods for marking or striping paved surfaces.