Abstract: The invention relates to an enhancing oil recovery method by injecting into a subterranean oil formation an aqueous flooding fluid comprising at least one injecting galactomannan polymer substituted by at least one sulfonation agent. The invention also relates to an flooding fluid having better injectivity properties than existing flooding fluids.

Abstract: Disclosed are an aryl glycoside compound as represented by formula I or formular I?, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, optical isomer thereof or a prodrug thereof. The present invention relates to a method of preparing said aryl glycoside compound and the use thereof The aryl glycoside compound of the present invention has an excellent ability on inhibit SGLT activity, especially SGLT2 activity, and is diabetes-fighting medicine with great potential.

Abstract: The present invention relates to physical crystal structures of a compound of the formula I: wherein R1, R2, R2a, R3 and R4 are as defined herein, especially pharmaceutical compositions containing structures of compound I or II, processes for preparing same, intermediates used in preparing same, and methods of treating diseases such as diabetes using such structures.

Abstract: The invention concerns novel biotinylated hexadecasaccharides of general formula (I) wherein: Biot is a biotin derivative; R, R1 and R2, represent independently of one another a C1-C6 alkoxy or and —OSO3; R3 represents a C1-C6 alkoxy or an —OSO3, or R3 constitutes a —O—CH2— bridge; Pe represents a saccharide concatenation; as well as their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, and their use as medicines.

Abstract: Provided are methods of making compounds having an inhibitory effect on sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter SGLT. The invention also provides synthetic intermediates useful for preparing such compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds useful for the treatment or prevention of bacteria infections. These compounds have formula I: The invention also provides pharmaceutically acceptable compositions containing the compounds and methods of using the compositions in the treatment of bacteria infections. Finally, the invention provides processes for making compounds of the invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a modified polyuronic acid represented by the following general formula (1) or a salt thereof which is excellent in surface activity: wherein R1 is a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms or the like; X is an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or a —NH— group, with the proviso that a ratio value of [m/(m+n)] is from 0.3 to 1.0, and a plurality of the R1 groups being present in a molecule of the modified polyuronic acid or the salt thereof may be the same or different from each other but all of the R1 groups are not hydrogen atoms at the same time.

Abstract: Disclosed is a hetero-bifunctional ligand for use in inducing internalization of a target receptor. The hetero-bifunctional ligand includes a target receptor-binding agent that specifically binds the target receptor linked to an internalizing receptor-binding agent that specifically binds to an internalizing receptor, where the two binding agents are non-identical. Also disclosed is a method of inducing the internalization of a target receptor on a cell. The method includes contacting a cell with a hetero-bifunctional ligand, where binding of the hetero-bifunctional ligand induces internalization of a target receptor of the cell. Also disclosed is a method of treating a disease or condition associated with a target receptor using the disclosed hetero-bifunctional ligand and pharmaceutical compositions including a hetero-bifunctional ligand.

Abstract: A method for preparing sucralose with high yield, comprising the following preparation steps: First, negative effects of other impurities on reaction are reduced by first preparing a pure Vilsmeier chlorinating reagent. Second, side reactions are prevented by adding composite catalyst to increase selectivity of chlorination reaction. Third, by extracting less polar impurities using less polar solvent when sucralose-6-ester is undergoing deesterification, products are qualified at the very first time so that refining steps are avoided. Accordingly, product loss is reduced and product yield is increased. By using the present invention to prepare sucralose, product yield could be increased to more than 40%.

Abstract: The present invention provides amorphous forms and the crystalline complexes of SGLT2 inhibitors as a novel material, in particular in pharmaceutically acceptable form. The crystalline forms of SGLT2 inhibitor canagliflozin are designated as Forms CS1, CS2, CS3, CS4 and CS5.

Abstract: Methods are provided for treating hyponatremia, employing an SGLT2 inhibitor alone, or in combination with a supply of carbohydrate, and/or in combination with a diuretic agent. Additionally, compositions comprising an SGLT2 inhibitor, optionally with a supply of carbohydrate, and/or a combination of an SGLT2 inhibitor and a diuretic agent are provided in the instant invention and are provided for use in the inventive methods.

Abstract: Immune function of an animal can be modulated by administration of a composition that includes beta glucan. The beta glucan can be derived from Euglena, which provides a form of beta glucan that is different from other organisms, where the beta glucan is predominantly unbranched beta-(1,3)-glucan. Beta glucan can also be complexed with a metal, such as zinc, and/or can combined with an animal feed component to form an animal feed composition. Use of such compositions can improve the well being of an animal, and may augment or even replace the use of antibiotics in certain circumstances.

Abstract: A novel crystal form of 1-(?-D-glucopyranosyl)-4-methyl-3-[5-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-thienylmethyl]benzene hemihydrate, and having favorable characteristics, is characterized by its x-ray powder diffraction pattern and/or by its infra-red spectrum.

Abstract: The present invention relates to physical crystal structures of a compound of the formula I: wherein R1, R2, R2a, R3 and R4 are as defined herein, especially pharmaceutical compositions containing structures of compound I or II, processes for preparing same, intermediates used in preparing same, and methods of treating diseases such as diabetes using such structures.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for chlorinating a carbohydrate or a derivative thereof to produce a polychlorinated carbohydrate or a derivative thereof, such as sucralose, the method involves (i) reacting the carbohydrate or derivative thereof with a chlorinating agent to obtain a reaction mixture comprising said polychlorinated carbohydrate or derivative thereof and at least one under-chlorinated carbohydrate or derivative thereof, (ii) returning the at least one under-chlorinated carbohydrate or derivative thereof to a chlorinating step and further chlorinating the at least one under-chlorinated carbohydrate or derivative thereof to obtain the desired polychlorinated carbohydrate or derivative thereof; and (iii) optionally repeating steps (i) and (ii) “n” times where n?1. The polychlorinated carbohydrate or a derivative thereof is obtained in high yields.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel synthetic polysaccharides with antithrombotic activity, having at least one covalent bond with an amino chain, and to the preparation method thereof and to the therapeutic use thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed are analgesic-related compositions and methods of using the compositions for modulation of analgesic receptor activity. The compositions and methods are useful for reducing pain, as well as for therapeutic intervention of addictions or other diseases or disorders amenable to treatment or prophylaxis by modulation of analgesic receptor signaling.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel compound with thiophene ring having an inhibitory activity against sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) being present in the intestine and kidney, and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same as an active ingredient, which is useful for preventing or treating metabolic disorders, particularly diabetes. The prevention also provides a method for preparing same, a pharmaceutical composition containing same, and a method for preventing or treating metabolic disorders, particularly diabetes.

Abstract: A biological substance which can enhance the proliferation and differentiation of cells; a method for evaluating the proliferation and differentiation of cells, which targets the biological substance; a composition for detecting the proliferation and differentiation of cells, which contains a molecule capable of binding to the biological substance; and a composition for enhancing the proliferation and differentiation of cells, which contains the biological substance. A part of a sulfated polysaccharide secreted from cells binds to a growth factor during the course of the proliferation and differentiation of the cells, that the amount of the sulfated polysaccharide capable of the above-mentioned binding and secreted from the cells correlates strongly with the progression of the proliferation and differentiation of the cells, and that the proliferation and differentiation of cells can be evaluated and the proliferation and differentiation of cells can be enhanced utilizing the sulfated polysaccharide.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for the synthesis of radio-labeled compounds, which comprises a reaction vessel for reacting a precursor compound having protective groups with a radioactive isotope to obtain a first reaction product; a first cartridge for hydrolyzing the protective groups of the first reaction product to obtain a second reaction product; and a second cartridge for purifying the second reaction product, wherein the reaction vessel, the first cartridge, and the second cartridge are connected to each other via pipelines. Here it is provided that the first cartridge contains 801 to 1200 mg of a solid carrier and/or the reaction vessel is a reaction vessel made of a temperature-resistant plastic with the plastic having a temperature resistance of at least 120° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for the preparation of radiochemical compounds. It is provided that the device comprises at least a reaction module, a dosing module, and a storage module, wherein; the reaction module has at least one reaction vessel having a closable opening through which substances needed for the preparation of a predetermined radiochemical compound can be introduced into the reaction vessel of the reaction module and through which the prepared radiochemical compound can be removed from the reaction vessel of the reaction module; the dosing module has at least one pipetting head which can be moved relative to the storage module and the reaction module and in x, y, and z directions and also has at least one dosing unit; and at least one reservoir for one of the substances needed for the preparation of the respective radiochemical compound is formed in the storage module.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices for generating radionuclides for use in production of radiopharmaceuticals; synthesizing the radionuclides generated and removing any unwanted products; measuring the quantity and activity level of the synthesized radionuclides; distributively delivering the radionuclides in appropriate quantities to modular cassette synthesis units in a modular cassette subsystem for contemporaneous/parallel production of radiopharmaceutical output and that allow reuse and/or quick, safe, and disposable replacement of portions of the subsystem; delivering non-radionuclide components to the modular cassette synthesis units as part of production of radiopharmaceutical output; measuring the quantity and activity level of each stream of radiopharmaceutical output; purifying the radiopharmaceutical output; dispensing individual doses in sterile vial(s); automatically producing labeling and dose related information; performing automated quality control on extracted samples of produced radiopharmaceuti

Abstract: SAE-CD compositions are provided, along with methods of making and using the same. The SAE-CD compositions comprise a sulfoalkyl ether cyclodextrin having an absorption of less than 0.5 A.U. due to a drug-degrading agent, as determined by UV/vis spectrophotometry at a wavelength of 245 nm to 270 nm for an aqueous solution containing 300 mg of the SAE-CD composition per mL of solution in a cell having a 1 cm path length.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to fructose-based radiopharmaceuticals, pharmaceutical compositions comprising same, precursors and methods for preparing same, and methods of using same for diagnostic imaging of cancer cells and non-imaging tracer studies.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods for synthesizing compounds on solid supports. The invention also relates to synthesizing labeled compounds, such as those used in the field of radiopharmaceuticals. The invention relates to methods for synthesizing halogenated radiopharmaceuticals such as fludeoxyglucose (also known as fluorodeoxyglucose or FDG).

Abstract: A binder comprising a polymeric binder comprising the products of a carbohydrate reactant and nucleophile is disclosed. The binder is useful for consolidating loosely assembled matter, such as fibers. Fibrous products comprising fibers in contact with a carbohydrate reactant and a nucleophile are also disclosed. The binder composition may be cured to yield a fibrous product comprising fibers bound by a cross-linked polymer. Further disclosed are methods for binding fibers with the carbohydrate reactant and polyamine based binder.

Abstract: SAE-CD compositions are provided, along with methods of making and using the same. The SAE-CD compositions comprise a sulfoalkyl ether cyclodextrin having an absorption of less than 0.5 A.U. due to a drug-degrading agent, as determined by UV/vis spectrophotometry at a wavelength of 245 nm to 270 nm for an aqueous solution containing 300 mg of the SAE-CD composition per mL of solution in a cell having a 1 cm path length.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of at least one compound selected among the synthetic polysulphated oligosaccharides having 1 to 4 ose units and to the salts and complexes thereof as cleaning agents for a wound. The invention can be used in particular for preparing bandages intended for cleaning wounds.

Abstract: Provided are a sulfated C-glycoside which is a novel compound serving as a precursor of chafuroside and chafuroside analogs; a method for efficiently producing the sulfated C-glycoside; and a method for efficiently producing chafuroside and chafuroside analogs using said sulfated C-glycoside. A sulfated C-glycoside represented by general formula (A1) or (B1) [wherein R1, R2 and R3 independently represent each a hydrogen atom or an OH group] is obtained by extracting tea leaves or tea tannins with water, a lower alcohol solvent having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a liquid mixture comprising the same. Alternatively, the sulfated C-glycoside is produced by reacting a flavone C-glycoside such as isovitexin or vitexin with a sulfate group-introducing agent to thereby sulfate the flavone C-glycoside. By heating the sulfated C-glycoside thus obtained, chafuroside and chafuroside analogs are efficiently produced.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor with a phenyl C-glucoside structure, its preparation method, a pharmaceutical composition containing the same, and its use in treating diabetes and preparing an anti-diabetes medicament. The invention provides a compound with the structure of general formula I and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt and prodrug ester thereof, wherein, the definitions of R5 and R6 are selected from the following: (1) R5=R6=Me; (2) R5=Me, R6=OMe; (3) R5=Me, R6=H; (4) R5=Me, R6=F; (5) R5=F, R6=H; and (6) R5=OMe, R6=H.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds represented by formula (I): wherein the variables are defined as herein above, which are useful for treating diseases and conditions mediated by the sodium D-glucose co-transporter (SGLT), e.g. diabetes. The invention also provides methods of treating such diseases and conditions, and compositions etc. for their treatment.

Abstract: Disclosed are devices and methods for reducing radiolysis of radiopharmaceuticals during filtration, concentration and purification. The devices comprises two or more confining geometry having a cross-section dimension below the beta(+) or beta(?) range of the radioisotope in use, when containing the radioisotope, and configured in such a way that neighboring geometries are isolated from its nearest neighbor such that no measurable kinetic positron energy transfer occurs between the confining geometries when containing the radioisotope. Methods of filtration of radioisotope containing mixtures are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for synthesizing an 18F-labeled probe. The method includes a step of eluting an amount of 18F with a first solvent which includes a predetermined amount of water and at least one organic solvent. In this step, the 18F elutes as an 18F solution. The method also includes a step of using the 18F solution to perform 18F-labeling in the presence of at least one labeling reagent and at least one phase transfer catalyst so as to generate the 18F-labeled probe. In the method, there is no step of drying the 18F starting from a time when the eluting step is performed and ending at a time when the 18F-labeling step is performed.

Abstract: Provided are compounds having an inhibitory effect on sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter SGLT. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions, methods of preparing the compounds, synthetic intermediates, and methods of using the compounds, independently or in combination with other therapeutic agents, for treating diseases and conditions which are affected by SGLT inhibition.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided related to Pseudomonas bacteria. The compositions and methods may be used for diagnosis and therapy of medical conditions involving infection with Pseudomonas bacteria. Such infections include Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the lungs of patients with cystic fibrosis. A compound useful in the present methods may be used in combination with a therapeutic agent or may be linked to a therapeutic agent. Pseudomonas bacteria may be inhibited by blocking colonization, inhibiting virulence factors, arresting growth or killing the bacteria.

Abstract: The present invention aims at solving the problems of conventional methods for producing an 18F-labeled compound, that is, the problem of purification of a compound in a liquid phase synthesis method and the problem of an insufficient yield due to the reduction of reactivity in a solid phase synthesis method. There is provided a method for producing an 18F-labeled compound including: allowing a high molecular compound containing a residue of a precursor compound to be labeled and a residue of a phase transfer catalyst in the molecule thereof to react with 18F?; and removing the 18F-labeled compound from the high molecular compound.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are substituted fluoromethanes; pharmaceutical compositions comprising a therapeutically effective amount of the same; processes for preparing these fluoromethanes; and methods of using the same in alleviating infection and parasitism. Also disclosed are methods for identifying substituted fluoromethanes for modulating the activity of receptors and enzymes that bind and/or modify phosphate containing ligands and substrates.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for obtaining at least one of fucoidan and laminarin from live, harvested seaweed, wherein the process comprises the steps of: (i) harvesting seaweed comprising fucoidan and laminarin to obtain live, harvested seaweed, wherein the live, harvested seaweed exudes to form an exudate solution; (ii) collecting the exudate solution from the live, harvested seaweed, wherein the fucoidan and laminarin are dissolved in the exudate solution; and (iii) separating the at least one of fucoidan or laminarin from the exudate solution.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and compositions for the synthesis, production, and use of pro-drug analogs. This invention relates to a method for the production of a broad group of glycosylated drugs, including but not limited to propofol, acetaminophen, and camptothecin carbohydrate derivatives.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to L-proline and citric acid co-crystals of (2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-(3-((5-(4-fluorophenyl)thiophen-2-yl)methyl)-4-methylphenyl)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol, pharmaceutical compositions containing said co-crystals and their use in the treatment glucose-related disorders such as Type 2 diabetes mellitus and Syndrome X.

Abstract: A method of removing a carboxylic acid from a liquid including a tertiary amide solvent includes: A) forming an extraction medium including an acid-extracting tin species and an extraction solvent that is immiscible with the tertiary amide solvent; B) subsequently contacting the liquid with the extraction medium, forming a phase including a de-acidified tertiary amide solvent and a phase including the extraction solvent; and C) removing the phase including the extraction solvent, to afford a liquid including the de-acidified tertiary amide solvent. The acid-extracting tin species is one or more tin species obtainable by reaction of a di(hydrocarbyl)tin oxide with less than one equivalent of a carboxylic acid, tin species obtainable by reaction of a 1,3-diacyloxy-1,1,3,3-tetra-(hydrocarbyl)distannoxane with an aqueous base.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds and methods which may be useful as inhibitors of glycolysis, inhibitors of protein glycosylation, anti-virals, and down-regulators of insulin receptor and IGF-1 receptor for the treatment or prevention of inflammatory dermatological diseases or proliferative dermatological diseases.

Abstract: Fire extinguishing compositions and methods of extinguishing a fire comprising compounds of formula (I) where Rf is a fluorocarbon group. The compounds and compositions described herein are useful as intermediates in the preparation of or as additives to AFFF (aqueous film forming foam) formulations used for the extinguishment of fuel and solvent fires.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods of performing microchemical reactions and electro- wetting-on-dielectric devices (EWOD devices) for use in performing those reactions. These devices and method are particularly suited for preparing radiochemical compounds, particularly compounds containing 18F.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and compositions for the synthesis, production, and use of pro-drug propofol analogs. This invention relates to a method for the production of a broad group of glycosylated propofol carbohydrate derivatives.

Abstract: Provided are crystalline forms of a compound having an inhibitory effect on sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter SGLT2. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions, methods of preparing the crystalline compound, and methods of using the crystalline compound, independently or in combination with other therapeutic agents, for treating diseases and conditions which are affected by SGLT or SGLT2 inhibition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of the following general formula (I) their process of preparation and their use in the treatment or the prophylaxis of tuberculosis.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to sulfated oligosaccharides having 4, 5 or 6 saccharidic units and wherein a glycosidic bond between two saccharide units is substituted by a C—C bond, and wherein the sulfation degree expressed as percentage of OH groups substituted by a OSO3? group is comprised between 50 and 100%. The sulfated oligosaccharides according to the invention are useful as a drug, in particular in the treatment of angiogenesis, metastasis, and inflammation.

Abstract: In one embodiment of the invention a method to prepare sucralose-6 -acylate through chlorinating sucrose-6-acylate by BTC in the process of sucralose preparation is disclosed. In this embodiment a Vilsmeier reagent is firstly prepared below 0° C. by dissolving BTC in DMF or in component solvent, containing DMF, toluene, dichloroethane, chloroform and carbon tetrachloride. Consequently, sucrose-6-ester was chlorinated by Vilsmeier reagent. BTC can also be dissolved in one or several organic solvent such as toluene, dichloroethane, chloroform and carbon tetrachloride, and added to a DMF solution of sucrose-6-acylate for chlorination. Sucralose was prepared through de-esterifying the obtained sucralose 6-ester using sodium methoxide/methanol or sodium ethoxide/ethanol.

Abstract: A sugar-anchor polymer and methods of making and using the same to stabilize a lipid membrane. The sugar-anchor polymer includes a sugar covalently bound to a first anchor and a second anchor wherein the covalent bonds are selected from the group consisting essentially of an oxime bond, a hydrazone bond, an acylhydrazide bond, an aminothioacetal bond, an acetal bond, a thioacetal bond, a dithioacetal bond, a thioether bond and combinations thereof. The method includes reacting a sugar having at least two nucleophilic moieties with at least two anchors, each anchor having at least one electrophilic moiety, to form the polymer. Alternatively, the method includes reacting a sugar having at least two electrophilic moieties with at least two anchors, each anchor having at least one nucleophilic moiety, to form the polymer. The anchors may be lipids or peptides. The sugar-anchor polymers stabilize lipid membranes against serum proteins, dehydration, and cryopreservation.