Abstract: The present invention relates to triterpene glycoside saponin-derived adjuvants, syntheses thereof, intermediates thereto, and uses thereof. QS-7 is a potent immuno-adjuvant that is significantly less toxic than QS-21, a related saponin that is currently the favored adjuvant in anticancer and antiviral vaccines. Tedious isolation and purification protocols have hindered the clinical development of QS-7. A novel semi-synthetic method is provided wherein a hydrolyzed prosapogenin mixture is used to synthesize QS-7, QS-21, and related analogs, greatly facilitating access to QS-7 and QS-21 analogs for preclinical and clinical evaluation.

Abstract: A process for producing the crystals of difructose dianhydride III (DFA III), namely a indigestible disaccharide where two fructose molecules are bonded to each other at positions 1,2? and 2,3? (di-D-fructofuranose-1,2?:2,3?-dianhydride), where solutions containing DFA III are adjusted to and/or maintained at pH 5 or more, preferably pH 5 to 8, and more preferably 6 to 8. DFA III can be produced industrially without lowering the crystal yield even when the crystallization thereof is done in a recycling system; additionally by adjusting the total fructose content in mother solutions for (crude) crystallization to 5% or less per a solid content basis and adjusting the fructose content to 1% or less, DFA III can more effectively be produced.

Abstract: The invention provides novel saponin mixtures and compounds which are isolated from the species Acacia victoriae and methods for their use. These compounds may contain a triterpene moiety, such as acacic or oleanolic acid, to which oligosaccharides and monoterpenoid moieties are attached. The mixtures and compounds have properties related to the regulation of apoptosis and cytotoxicity of cells and exhibit potent anti-tumor effects against a variety of tumor cells.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods for making deoxyribofuranose compounds such as compound (2) which are useful intermediates in the preparation of pharmaceutical compounds such as 5-amino-3-(2?-O-acetyl-3?-deoxy-?-D-ribofuranosyl)-3H-thiazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidin-2-one and the like.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating Hepatitis C, comprising the roots extract of Platycodon grandiflorum and/or saponin components in Platycodon grandiflorum useful as an antiviral agent. The composition of the present invention has no harm to human and inhibits the proliferation of Hepatitis C virus, so that it can be effectively used as a preventive or therapeutic agent for Hepatitis C.

Abstract: The invention relates to [6)O-?-D-Glcp-(1?]n-6-O-?-D-Glcp-(1?-phenolic derivatives. These [6)O-?-D-Glcp-(1?]n-6-O-?-D-Glcp-(1?-phenolic derivatives of selected phenolics are new, have a solubility in water higher than that of their parent O-?-D-Glcp-(1?-phenolic derivatives and have useful applications in cosmetic, nutrition and pharmaceutical compositions, such as treating or preventing oxidative stress, a cancer, a cardiovascular disease, a bacterial infection, a viral infection, a fungal infection, a UV-induced erythema, an allergy, a metabolism disorder, diabetes, an obesity, a hormonal disorder, a bone disease, a pain, a brain disease, a mouth or teeth disease, an inflammatory or immune disorder.

Abstract: Steviol glycoside isomers are provided having the formula: wherein R1 may be hydrogen, 1-?-D-glucopyranosyl, or 2-(1-?-D-glucopyranosyl)-1-?-D-glucopyranosyl, and R2 may be hydrogen, 1-?-D-glucopyranosyl, 2-(1-?-D-glucopyranosyl)-1-?-D-glucopyranosyl, 2,3-bis(1-?-D-glucopyranosyl)-1-?-D-glucopyranosyl, 2-(1-?-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-1-?-D-glucopyranosyl, 2-(1-?-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-3-(1-?-D-glucopyranosyl)-1-?-D-glucopyranosyl, or 2-(1-?-D-xylopyranosyl)-3-(1-?-D-glucopyranosyl)-1-?-D-glucopyranosyl. Methods for making steviol glycoside isomers are also disclosed. These compounds may be present in food and beverage products as non-nutritive sweeteners.

Abstract: The invention provides a high throughput, high purity, high yield system and method of isolating and purifying rebaudioside A (“Reb A”), with acceptable water solubility for all commercial uses, from commercially available Stevia rebaudiana starting material.

Abstract: The invention relates to transport mediator-bonded colloids comprising pharmaceutical substances or fluorescence markers, to a method for the production thereof, and to a pharmaceutical preparation comprising said compounds.

Abstract: Compounds represented by formula (I) wherein the symbols are as defined in the description, exhibit a lipase inhibitory activity, and are useful for foods, drinks, and the like.

Abstract: A saponin extract from Saponaria vaccaria and its use for stimulating apoptosis in cancer cells and treating cancer is described. The saponin extract may be isolated from Saponaria vaccaria seed. The saponin extract may comprise one or more than one triterpene saponin. The triterpene saponin may comprise a bisdesmosidic saponin having a molecular weight selected from the group consisting of molecular weight 1448, 1464, 1422, 1526, 1596 and 1688. Bisdesmosidic saponin of molecular weight 1448, 1464, 1422, 1526, 1596 and 1688 isolated from Saponaria vaccaria seed may be used to treat human cancer including prostate cancer, human breast cancer and colon cancer. Also disclosed is a method of isolating the saponin extract.

Abstract: Use of 9,10-anthraquinone compounds of formula (I) or pharmaceutical salts thereof or plant extracts containing said compounds in the preparation of anti-HCV medicaments is disclosed, in which Y1 are Y2 are independently hydrogen, hydroxyl or groups of formula (II); and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6 are independently hydrogen, hydroxyl, carboxyl, cyano group, nitro group, groups of formula (III) or groups selected from those substituted or unsubstituted groups: amino, C1-C6 aliphatic hydrocarbon, C3-C7 cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon, C1-C6 alkoxy, C2-C7 carbalkoxy, C1-C4 acyloxy, C6-C20 aryl, or 5 to 7 members heterocyclic or benzoheterocyclic thereof; or R5 and R6 form the group of formula (IV). The compounds of present invention are cheap, safe and effective, because that they mostly conic from traditional Chinese medicines and have better anti-HCV effects and lighter side effects.

Abstract: The instant application is directed to bidesmosidic betulin and betulinic acid saponin derivatives of formula (I), and use thereof as antitumor agents. In particular, said compounds are effective in treating lung carcinomas, colorectal adenocarcinomas, breast adenocarcinomas, and prostate adenocarcinomas. Methods of synthesizing said compounds through selective glycosylation of the C-28 and C-3 position, and diagnostic methods for identifying tumours suitable for treatment by said compounds are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and preparations useful for reducing fat at a targeted area(s) on a human. The preparations comprise as an active ingredient an adipolysis enhancing (i.e., fat-melting) amount of an active ingredient, paeoniflorin (PF). The preparations may be provided as an injectable preparation or as a topically applied preparation, such as in the form of a crème or lotion. In topical preparations, the active ingredient paeoniflorin may be contained within nanospheres, such as albumin nanospheres. The PF-containing preparations may also include a permeant, such as azone. The method may be accompanied by the application of ultrasound to the area being treated prior to, during or after, or prior to, during, and after application of the paeoniflorin preparation to an area of the body in which fat reduction is desired.

Abstract: The invention describes novel triterpenoid 2-deoxy glycosides of general formula I, wherein at least one of the substituents X1 and R2 contains a 2-deoxy glycosidic group, method of preparation thereof, their cytotoxic activity and a pharmaceutical formulation containing these compounds.

Abstract: The invention provides a high throughput, high purity, high yield system and method of isolating and purifying rebaudioside A (“Reb A”), with acceptable water solubility for all commercial uses, from commercially available Stevia rebaudiana starting material. The invention also provides a means of maximizing yields of 99+% purity Reb A based on the attributes of a given batch of Stevia starting material. The Reb A produced by the invention is water soluble, devoid of bitterness heretofore associated with rebaudioside sweeteners, non-caloric, and suitable for use as a reagent and as an ingredient in orally consumed products, e.g., as a sweetener, flavor enhancer, and flavor modifier.

Abstract: A process for separating glycyrrhizic acid from licorice extract feed includes the steps of: providing a licorice extract feed and passing the licorice extract feed through an ultrafiltration device to produce a concentrate and a permeate. The ultrafiltration device contains a membrane that is selected to separate the glycyrrhizic acid from other components of the feed such that at least a substantial percentage of the glycyrrhizic acid is retained in the concentrate.

Abstract: Particular naturally occurring glycosylated acyl-flavonols, e.g.

Abstract: Nobel Stevia Sweetening components are provided. Through the analysis of the components of the nobel Steviol Glycoside included in the stevia extract and/or crystals, not only the quality control of sweeteners, but judgment on the correctness of indication of origin or infringement of right are facilitated since the raw material of the sweetener can be identified.

Abstract: The invention provides saponin mixtures and compounds which are isolated from the species Acacia victoriae and methods for their use. These compounds may contain a triterpene moiety, such as acacic or oleanolic acid, to which oligosaccharides and monoterpenoid moieties are attached. The mixtures and compounds have properties related to the regulation of apoptosis and cytotoxicity of cells and exhibit potent anti-tumor effects against a variety of tumor cells.

Abstract: Steviol glycoside isomers are provided having the formula: wherein R1 may be hydrogen, 1-?-D-glucopyranosyl, or 2-(1-?-D-glucopyranosyl)-1-?-D-glucopyranosyl, and R2 may be hydrogen, 1-?-D-glucopyranosyl, 2-(1-?-D-glucopyranosyl)-1-?-D-glucopyranosyl, 2,3-bis(1-?-D-glucopyranosyl)-1-?-D-glucopyranosyl, 2-(1-?-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-1-?-D-glucopyranosyl, 2-(1-?-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-3-(1-?-D-glucopyranosyl)-1-?-D-glucopyranosyl, or 2-(1-?-D-xylopyranosyl)-3-(1-?-D-glucopyranosyl)-1-?-D-glucopyranosyl. Methods for making steviol glycoside isomers are also disclosed. These compounds may be present in food and beverage products as non-nutritive sweeteners.

Abstract: Novel synthesis routes for preparation of thiodigalactosides and intermediates are presented. The method includes the use of a 3-azido-galactosyl thiouronium salt derivative, which is activated to the corresponding thiol in situ, which in turn is directly reacted with a 3-azido-galactosyl bromide resulting in the 3,3?-di-azido-thio-di-galactoside before the thiol has a chance to reduce the azido 10 group. Hence, in situ formation of the 3-azido-galactosyl thiol from the thiouronium salt is essential in the synthesis procedure, because any other method that generate the thiol separately results in extensive unwanted azide reduction.

Abstract: The invention provides a high throughput, high purity, high yield system and method of isolating and purifying rebaudioside A (“Reb A”), with acceptable water solubility for all commercial uses, from commercially available Stevia rebaudiana starting material. The invention also provides a means of maximizing yields of 99+% purity Reb A based on the attributes of a given batch of Stevia starting material. The purity of the Reb A final product, up to 99+% purity, can be selected based on a starting material assay.

Abstract: The invention describes substantially pure rebaudioside A polymorphs and processes to prepare them.

Abstract: Thermally stable anhydrous Rebaudioside D can be provided by methods disclosed here and has been found to be more soluble in aqueous solutions than the previously known non-anhydrous Rebaudioside D. This physical property makes the anhydrous Reb D amenable to food and beverage manufacturing applications for which the non-anhydrous form is not suitable.

Abstract: The invention relates to: (i) the use of osyl derivatives of genkwanin and sakuranetin having formula (I) in (a) cosmetics or dermatology and (b) therapeutics; (ii) the use of novel derivatives having formula (I) as industrial products; and (iii) the production method thereof [Formula (I)], wherein symbol [Formula (II)] represents a single or double bond, R represents H or an osyl residue, particularly with structure S1 or s2 [Formula (III)], Z represents H, an alkyl group at C1-C4, acyl at C1-C5, monosaccharide or sulphate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to chemiluminescent method and regent to detect analyte. One aspect of the current invention relates to using enzyme substrate that can be cleaved by target enzyme to release chemiluminescent compound giving light signal for the detection of varieties of target enzymes. Another aspect of the current invention relates to use chemiluminescent enzyme coupled with analyte binding molecules to detect specific analyte molecules in a homogenous phase.

Abstract: The invention provides methods of purifying Rebaudioside D from the Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni plant extract along with Rebaudioside A. The methods are useful for producing high purity Rebaudioside D and Rebaudioside A. The high purity Rebaudiosides are useful as non-caloric sweeteners in edible and chewable compositions such as any beverages, confectionaries, bakeries, cookies, chewing gums, and alike.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for the chromatographic separation of rebaudioside A from stevioside in glycoside solutions that are derived from stevia. The chromatographic separation may be an adsorb/desorb type of chromatographic separation or a fractionation type of chromatographic separation.

Abstract: A process for recovering Rebaudioside A from Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni plants is provided and includes the steps of sequentially extracting plant material with a first solvent to obtain a first extract, filtering the first extract and passing the first extract through a polar resin to obtain a filtrate, and purifying the filtrate to obtain a crystalline-containing material. With further purification, a product containing over 99% Rebaudioside A is obtained. The present invention is also directed toward a method of purifying stevia glycosides to obtain purified Rebaudioside A. In one embodiment, the method includes silica gel column chromatography using an solvent comprising ethyl acetate and ethanol.

Abstract: During the investigation of the mechanism that cellular water in woody plants growing in cold districts keeps liquid state at low temperature, the inventors have studied to identify the causative substances. As the results, the present inventors identified supercooling promoting agents in woody plants. The supercooling ability of identified flavonoid glycoside and synthesized flavonoid glycoside with similar structure was tested. It was found that the supercooling promoting agent comprising these flavonoid glycosides enables to stably supercool bulk water at low temperature for long-term. The aqueous solution containing the supercooling promoting agent of the present invention is useful to store biological materials at low temperature.

Abstract: Aspects of the invention relate to compounds, extracts and compositions thereof, and methods of using of the same, to treat neurodegenerative disorders and/or improve brain health. In certain embodiments, said compounds are pomegranate flavonoids.

Abstract: The present invention relates to naphthoquinone derivatives isolated from solid callus cultures from two species of the palaeotropical plant families Dioncophyllaceae and Ancistrocladaceae. It further relates to methods of their production as well as to their use as antiinfective and antitumoral pharmaceuticals.

Abstract: The invention relates to substituted aromatic fluoroglycoside derivatives, and to the physiologically compatible salts and physiologically functional derivatives thereof. The invention also relates to methods of lowering blood sugar and the treatment of type I and type II diabetes.

Abstract: The present invention encompasses classical cannabinoid metabolites and uses thereof.

Abstract: This invention relates with the gambogic acid glycoside derivatives and analogs of formula I: or stereoisomers, tautoers, prodrugs, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, complex salts or solvates thereof, wherein: X1, X2, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11 or/and R12 is, independently at each occurrence, optionally substituted glycosyl, optionally substituted multi-hydroxyl, optional substituent oxy, optional substituent containing carbon, oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen or phosphorus element. Compounds of the present invention are useful as therapeutically effective agents of anti-cancer, anti-virus and anti-bacterial. This invention also relates with their preparative methods and applications.

Abstract: Pyrazole derivatives represented by the general formula: wherein R1 represents H, an optionally substituted C1-6 alkyl group etc.; one of Q and T represents a group selected from the following groups: and the other represents —(CH2)n—Ar wherein Ar represents a substituted C6-10 aryl group, etc., and n represents 0 to 2, R represents an optionally substituted C3-8 cycloalkyl group, etc., pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof or prodrugs thereof, which exhibit an excellent inhibitory activity in human 1,5-anhydroglucitol/fructose/mannose transporter and are useful as agents for the prevention, inhibition of progression or treatment of a disease associated with the excess uptake of at least a kind of carbohydrates from glucose, fructose and mannose or a disease associated with hyperglycemia and pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same, pharmaceutical uses thereof, and intermediates for production thereof.

Abstract: High-purity stevioside sweeteners are being provided. Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni varieties were identified using DNA analysis after cross and selective breeding were implemented. By crossing these varieties, a novel variety which enables continuous cultivation of the specific variety was developed (Deposition No. FERM BP-10870). Extracting the dried leaves of this variety assures consistent high-concentration of stevioside, which makes it possible to produce various favorable stevioside sweeteners.

Abstract: There is provided a medicament capable of enhancing the antimicrobial peptide production ability. The medicament contains, as an active ingredient, a compound which is glycyrrhizin or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and capable of inhibiting the production of at least one of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and chemokine CCL2. The antimicrobial peptide is preferably defensin or cathelicidin.

Abstract: A fluorescent probe which is represented by the following formula (I): (wherein, R1 represents a monovalent substituent other than hydrogen atom, carboxy group, or sulfo group; R2 represents hydrogen atom, or a monovalent substituent; R3 and R4 each independently represents hydrogen atom or a halogen atom; and R5 represents a monovalent group which is cleaved by contact with a measuring object, provided that a combination of R1 and R2 is selected so that the oxidation potential of the benzene ring to which they bind makes (1) the compound represented by the formula (I) substantially no fluorescent before the cleavage, and (2) a compound after the cleavage, which is derived from the compound represented by the formula (I), substantially highly fluorescent after the cleavage).

Abstract: A tyrosinase activity inhibitor and an ameliorant for facial blood flow that are excellent in terms of safety, and medicinal compositions, food compositions, and cosmetic preparations that contain the inhibitor and the ameliorant as active ingredients are provided. A tyrosinase activity inhibitor and an ameliorant for facial blood flow that contain anthocyan obtained by concentration or extraction of plant material, and medicinal compositions, food compositions, and cosmetic preparations that have an inhibitory action on tyrosinase activity and ameliorating action on facial blood flow are provided.

Abstract: This invention relates to hydrolase fluorogenic substrates with improved cell permeability, methods for the preparation thereof, and methods of measuring activities of hydrolases, particularly in cell-based assays. The substrates easily diffuse into the cells, where they are enzymatically processed to yield photostable fluorescent products, and are particularly fitted for visualising enzyme-derived activities in cell-based assays.

Abstract: The present invention relates to derivatives of the 1H-pyrano[4,3-b]benzofuran-1-one structure and their nitrogen analogues which possess powerful antioxidant properties combined with a highly effective UV absorbing functionality in one molecule. These compounds are especially useful in cosmetical and dermatological formulations.

Abstract: An agent for preventing or ameliorating skin aging, which exhibits a more excellent effect on the suppression of formation, or the amelioration, of wrinkles on the skin or sagging skin. An agent for preventing or ameliorating skin aging, containing triterpenoid saponins represented by the following formula (1) as an active ingredient, wherein at least one of R1 and R2 is a tigloyl group and the other represents a tigloyl group or an angeloyl group; R3 represents a methyl group or a hydroxymethyl group; and R4 represents Glc, Xyl or Gal.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a 3,6-O-bridged pyranose-inverted compound useful for being easy to produce ?-O-pyranosides selectively. The 3,6-O-bridged pyranose-inverted compound according to the present invention is represented by General Formula (1): wherein RA and RB each represent hydrogen or are bonded to each other to form a benzene ring; one of RC and RD represents hydrogen and the other represents —OR2; R1 represents hydroxy or halogen; and R2 and R3 each represent a hydroxy-protecting group.

Abstract: New chemiluminescent compounds, stable in aqueous buffers, for use in biological assaying include acridane-based compounds and 1,2-dioxetanes. Among the new acridane-based compounds are water-soluble acridanes, enhancer coupled acridanes, bis and tris-acridanes as well as acridane-1,2-dioxetanes. Among the new 1,2-dioxetanes are electron deficient group-containing dioxetanes and tethered bis-1,2-dioxetanes. The 1,2-dioxetanes are useful as substrates for various enzymes. The acridanes can be admixed with an oxidizing agent an aqueous buffer and, optionally, a stabilizer to form a substrate or reagent formulation useful for assaying, inter alia, HRP.

Abstract: A cyclic carbonyl monomer has the formula (7): wherein at least one W? or Wa group comprises a protected glycoside; each Z independently represents O, S, NH or NW?; n is an integer from 0 to 6 wherein when n is 0, carbons labeled 4 and 6 are linked together by a single bond; each W? and Wa group independently represents a hydrogen, a halide, an alkyl group comprising 1 to 20 carbons, an ester group comprising 1 to 20 carbons, an amide group, an aryl group comprising 1 to 20 carbons, an alkoxy group comprising 1 to 20 carbons, or a foregoing W? or Wa group substituted with a protected glycoside; and each W? group independently represents an alkyl group comprising 1 to 20 carbons, an aryl group comprising 1 to 20 carbons, or a foregoing W? group substituted with a protected glycoside.

Abstract: New chemiluminescent compounds, stable in aqueous buffers, for use in biological assaying include acridane-based compounds and 1,2-dioxetanes. Among the new acridane-based compounds are water-soluble acridanes, enhancer coupled acridanes, bis and tris-acridanes as well as acridane-1,2-dioxetanes. Among the new 1,2-dioxetanes are electron deficient group-containing dioxetanes and tethered bis-1,2-dioxetanes. The 1,2-dioxetanes are useful as substrates for various enzymes. The acridanes can be admixed with an oxidizing agent. an aqueous buffer and, optionally, a stabilizer to form a substrate or reagent formulation useful for assaying, inter alia, HRP.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of a genetic marker in a process for analysis of leukemia patients, especially for use in the prediction of the suitability of chemotherapy in a group of leukemia patients. Further, the invention relates to chemotherapeutical agents for use in the therapy of leukemia patients that have been diagnosed to be at least heterozygous for the relevant allele of the genetic marker.

Abstract: The invention relates generally to novel compositions and methods comprising a cyclohexanehexol and a secretase inhibitor. The compositions and methods provide beneficial effects, in particular sustained beneficial effects, in the treatment of diseases involving a disorder in protein folding and/or aggregation, and/or amyloid formation, deposition, accumulation, or persistence, such as Alzheimer's disease and related neurodegenerative disorders.