Abstract: Disclosed is an improved and efficient process for N-desmethylating the 3'-amino nitrogen of erythromycins and for converting the 3'-N-desmethylated erythromycins into 3'-N-substituted derivatives of 8,9-anhydro-erythromycin 6,9-hemiketals.

Abstract: A procedure for preparing 6-O-alkyl erythromycin compounds having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is a loweralkyl group, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are independently hydrogen or a hydroxy-protecting group, except that R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 may not both be hydrogen simultaneously; Y is oxygen or a specifically substituted oxime; and Z is hydrogen, hydroxy or protected-hydroxy; by reaction of the compound wherein R.sup.1 is hydrogen with an alkylating reagent, in the presence of a strong alkali metal base and also in the presence of a weak organic amine base, in a suitable stirred or agitated polar aprotic solvent, or a mixture of such polar aprotic solvents maintained at a reaction temperature and for a period of time sufficient to effect alkyation.

Abstract: The preparation of azitromycin dihydrate from 9-deoxo-9a-aza-11,12-deoxy-9a-methyl-9a-homoerythromycin A 11,12-hydrogenorthoborate, obtained by a step by step process starting from 9-deoxo-6-deoxy-6,9-epoxy-9,9a-dihydro-9a-azahomoerythromycin A is a process which takes place under mild conditions and with good yields.

Abstract: Antimicrobial compounds having the formula ##STR1## as well as pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters or prodrugs thereof; pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds; methods of treating bacterial infections by the administration of such compounds; and processes for the preparation of the compounds.

Abstract: The disclosed invention relates to novel 3'-N-O, 9-O-oxime protected, 6-O-alkyl erthyromycin derivatives, a process of preparing the same. The invention also relates to a process of preparing 6-O-alkyl erythromycin A by eliminating the 3'-N-oxide group and 9-O-oxime protecting groups and optionally deprotecting the hydroxy groups at the 2'- and 4"- positions under suitable reaction conditions.

Abstract: The present invention concerns the novel antiobiotic 6-O-methylerythromycin A crystal form I, a process for its preparation, pharmaceutical compositions comprising this compound and a method of use as a therapeutic agent.

Abstract: Disclosed are (1) a structurally novel 6,9-hemiacetal- erythromycin derivative having a hydroxyl group at at least one of the 14- and 15-positions br a salt thereof, which has an excellent gastrointestinal function promoting effect and is low in toxicity; (2) a process for preparing a 6,9-hemiacetal-erythromycin derivative having a hydroxyl group at at least one of the 14- and 15-positions or a salt thereof, which comprises reacting a 6,9-hemiacetal-erythromycin derivative or a salt thereof with an organism-derived oxidase; and (3) a gastrointestinal function promoting agent containing a 6,9-hemiacetal-erythromycin derivative having a hydroxyl group at at least one of the 14- and 15-positions or a salt thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to 9-N-ethenyl derivatives of 9 (S)-erythromycylamine, new semisynthetic antibiotics of the macrolide class of the general formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are the same or different and represent nitryl, a carboxyl group of the formula COOR.sup.3, wherein R.sup.3 represents a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl group, or a keto group of the formula COR.sup.4, wherein R.sup.4 represents a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl group, to their pharmaceutically acceptable addition salts with inorganic or organic acids, to a process for their preparation, to a process for the preparation of the pharmaceutical compositions as well as to the use of the obtained pharmaceutical compositions in the treatment of bacterial infections.

Abstract: Erythromycin 9-oxime derivatives wherein a phenyl or heterocylic group is attached indirectly to the 9-position of erythromycin A through an alkylene diamine bridging member. These compounds exhibit broad spectrum antibiotic activity.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the preparation of 6-O-methylerythromycin A Form II comprising converting erythromycin A to 6-O-methylerythromycin A and treating the 6-O-methylerythromycin A with a number of common organic solvents or mixtures of common organic solvents.

Abstract: A process of preparing 6-O-alkylerythromycin A using 9-oximesilyl erythromycin A derivatives is provided. 9-Oximesilyl- and 6-O-alkylerythromycin A derivatives used in the preparation of 6-O-alkylerythromycin A are also provided.

Abstract: 4"-Deoxy derivatives of erythromycin having the Formula (I) ##STR1## and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, which are enhancers of gastric motility but have minimal antibacterial activity, as well as pharmaceutical compositions containing the same and methods for their use and preparation.

Abstract: An erythromycin A derivative represented by the formula (I): ##STR1## ?wherein R.sup.1 is a group represented by the formula: --OCOCH.sub.2 Y (wherein Y is a pyridyl group, a quinolyl group, a p-nitrophenyl group or a group represented by the formula: --NR.sup.4 R.sup.5 (wherein R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 may be the same or different, and are each a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, a pyridylmethyl, a quinolylmethyl group or a benzyloxycarbonyl group)) or a cladinosyloxy group, R.sup.2 is a hydrogen atom, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together form an oxo group, R.sup.3 is a hydrogen atom, an acetyl group, an ethylsuccinyl group or a nicotinoyl group! or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof has a strong antibacterial activity against not only Gram-positive bacteria but also some Gram-negative bacteria, in particular, Haemophilus influenzae which is a serious factor of infectious diseases in the respiratory organs.

Abstract: A compound selected from the group consisting of a compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein R and R.sub.1 are --OH or --O-acyl of an organic carboxylic acid of 2 to 20 carbon atoms, R.sub.2 is hydrogen or methyl, R.sub.3 is --(CH.sub.2).sub.m --R.sub.4 or ##STR2## or --N--(CH.sub.2).sub.q --R.sub.4, m is an integer from 1 to 6, n, p and q are individually an integer from 0 to 6, A and B are individually selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen and alkyl of 1 to 8 carbon atoms with the geometry of the double bond being E or Z or a mixture of E and Z or A and B form a triple bond, R.sub.4 is an optionally substituted mono- or polycyclic heterocycle and their non-toxic, pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts having antibiotic properties.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a novel method for treating human patients with hypercholesterolemia with a macrolide antibiotic. More specifically, this invention is directed to the oral administration of an erythromycin compound or an erythromycin derivative for treating hypercholesterolemia. Most specifically, this invention teaches the novel oral administration of clarithromycin, troleandomycin, erythromycin, or azithromycin for treating human patients with hypercholesterolemia.

Abstract: A process for producing high purity 6,12-dideoxyerythromycin A using recombinant DNA technology is disclosed. The erythromycin producing strain, Saccharopolyspora erythraea, lacking the erythromycin C-12 and C-6 hydroxylases produces a mixture of 6,12-dideoxyerythromycin A and the precursor molecule, 6-deoxyerythromycin D. To achieve conversion of the precursor to the final product, a second copy of eryG is inserted into a non-essential region of the Sac. erythraea chromosome resulting in high purity 6,12-dideoxyerythromycin A.

Abstract: Novel multicyclic erythromycin compounds and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and esters thereof having antibacterial activity having a formula ##STR1## compositions comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the invention in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, as well as a method for treating bacterial infections by administering to a mammal a pharmaceutical composition containing a therapeutically-effective amount of a compound of the invention.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods of sensitizing a human tumor cell with adenovirus E1A. The methods involve treating a human tumor cell by, first, introducing into the tumor cell nucleic acid encoding a polypeptide having adenovirus E1A activity, expressing the E1A active polypeptide in the cell, and then either contacting the E1A expressing tumor cell with a chemotherapeutic agent or irradiating the E1A-expressing tumor cell. The invention also provides methods of enhancing a subject's response to chemotherapy or irradiation by introducing into a subject's tumor cells nucleic acid encoding a polypeptide having adenovirus E1A activity, expressing the E1A active polypeptide in the cells and finally, administering either a chemotherapeutic agent or irradiation. The invention also provides a method of treating cancer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing a substituted cellulose acetoacetate alkanoate without using a carboxamide/lithium chloride solvent system. The process involves contacting cellulose in a carboxylic acid diluent with an acetylating compound selected from the group consisting of a carboxylic acid anhydride and an acid chloride, an acetoacetylating compound selected from the group consisting of diketene, an alkyl acetoacetate and 2,2,6-trimethyl-4H-1,3-dioxin-4-one, and a mineral acid catalyst under conditions and in a molar ratio sufficient to cause the cellulose, acetylating compound and acetoacetylating compound to react to produce a substituted cellulose acetoacetate alkanoate.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein X and X' form C.dbd.O or C.dbd.NOR, R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, heterocycle, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, all optionally substituted, ##STR2## R.sub.a and R.sub.b are hydrogen or a hydrocarbon group or form together with the nitrogen a heterocycle, or with A forms a 9-N, 11-O ring, and X' is hydrogen, --Y and Y' have the same definition as X and X', b is hydrogen or OR.sub.4, R.sub.4 is hydrogen or forms together with A a carbonate or a carbamate, A forms with C a double bond or A is OR'.sub.4, R'.sub.4 is hydrogen or forms together with B a carbonate or ##STR3## R.sub.2 is alkyl or --CONH.sub.2, --CONHCOR.sub.11 or --CONHSO.sub.2 R.sub.11, R.sub.11 is a hydrocarbon up to 18 carbon atoms, R.sub.3 is hydrogen, ##STR4## and Z is hydrogen or a carboxylic acid remainder and their non-toxic, pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts, their preparation and intermediates useful as antibiotics.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a novel method for treating humans with liver diseases or liver disorders with a macrolide antibiotic. Many different liver disorders can be treated with the claimed invention but this invention is specifically directed to treating nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, alcoholic hepatitis, and Reye's Syndrome. More specifically, this invention is directed to the oral administration of an erythromycin compound or an erythromycin derivative for the treatment of liver disease or liver disorders. The routes of administration can include oral, intramuscular, subcutaneous, transdermal, intravenous or other common routes of administering a drug to a patient. Alternate routes for patients diagnosed with alcoholic hepatitis or Reye's Syndrome are extremely important as oral administration would not be effective due to the patient's clinical symptoms.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 4"-deoxyerythromycins, having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is H or OH, and R.sup.1 is H or loweralkyl by treatment of the 2'-O-acetyl-4"-imidazolylthionocarbonyl-erythromycin starting material with the radical initiator 4,4'-azobis-(4-cyanovaleric acid), H.sub.3 PO.sub.2 and an organic base in a water-miscible solvent and optionally eliminating the 2'-O-acetyl group. In a preferred embodiment, the water-miscible solvent is an alcohol and the deoxygenation and deacetylation is carried out in one step.

Abstract: An antibacterial compound is disclosed having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is loweralkyl or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or prodrug thereof, processes and intermediates useful in the preparation of the above compounds, as well as compositions containing the same and methods for their use.

Abstract: A compound selected from the group: ##STR1## wherein A, B, V, W, X and R.sup.8 are specifically defined; pharmaceutical compositions thereof; a method of treating or preventing bacterial infections by administering therapeutically effective pharmaceutical compositions thereof; and a process for the preparation thereof.

Abstract: A compound selected from the group consisting of a compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein X is selected from the group consisting of --(NH).sub.a --, --CH.sub.2 --, --SO.sub.2 -- and --O--, a is 0 or 1, Y is --(CH.sub.2).sub.m - (CH.dbd.CH).sub.n --(CH.sub.2).sub.o -, m+n+o.ltoreq.8, n=o or 1, Ar is aryl optionally substituted with at least one member of the group consisting of --OH, halogen, --NO.sub.2, --CN, ##STR2## and alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkynyloxy, alkylthio, alkenylthio, alkynylthio, -N-alkyl, -N-alkenyl and N-alkynyl of up to 12 carbon atoms, R.sub.a and R.sub.b individually are hydrogen or alkyl of up to 12 carbon atoms, R.sub.

Abstract: Water miscible pharmaceutical compositions containing up to about 40% of erythromycin prepared by reaction with acetic acid in a non-aqueous water miscible organic solvent system.

Abstract: A process of preparing a 6-O-methyl erythromycin A derivative using a 2'-protected, 9-etheroxime erythromycin A intermediate is provided. A preferred protecting group for the 2'-position is acetyl. 2'-protected, 9-etheroxime erythromycin A derivatives are also provided. Also disclosed is a method for inhibiting quaternary salt formation at the 3' amine without the need for 3'N-protecting groups.

Abstract: Novel macrocyclic 13-membered ring-contracted compounds derived from erythromycins A and B having the Formula (I) ##STR1## and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein R, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and X are specifically defined, having use in treating gastrointestinal disorders associated with hypermotilinemia, pharmaceutical compositions thereof, a method of treating gastrointestinal disorders associated with hypermotilinemia with said pharmaceutical compositions, and processes for the preparation thereof.

Abstract: Compounds represented by the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a hydrogen atom or an acyl group; R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 may be the same or different, and each represents a hydrogen atom, hydroxyl group, acyloxy group or amino group, or, in combination, they represent .dbd.O or .dbd.NOR.sub.10, where R.sub.10 represents a hydrogen atom or lower alkyl group;R.sub.4 represents a hydrogen atom or lower alkyl group; andY represents --NR.sub.5 R.sub.6 or --N.sup.+ R.sub.7 R.sub.8 R.sub.9 X.sup.-, where R.sub.5, R.sub.6, R.sub.7, R.sub.8 and R.sub.9 may be the same or different, and each represents a hydrogen atom or an unsubstituted or substituted lower alkyl group, lower alkenyl group, lower alkinyl group, cycloalkyl group or 3-7-membered heterocyclic group comprising an oxygen atom, nitrogen atom or sulphur atom as an heteroatom, and X represents an anion, where R.sub.5 and R.sub.6, or R.sub.7 and R.sub.

Abstract: A compound selected from the group consisting of a compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are individually selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and an optionally unsaturated hydrocarbon of up to 24 carbon atoms optionally interrupted by at least one heteroatom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen and optionally having at least one functional group or taken together form ##STR2## and R'.sub.1 and R'.sub.

Abstract: 4"-Deoxy derivatives of erythromycin having the Formula (I) ##STR1## and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, which are enhancers of gastric motility but have minimal antibacterial activity, as well as pharmaceutical compositions containing the same and methods for their use and preparation.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions of an erythromycin derivative combined with sulfisoxazole according to the structural formulas: ##STR1## where R is hydrogen, C1-C10 alkylcarbonyl or C1-C10 alkyl wherein the substituent is amino or cyano; R1 and R2 are independently hydrogen, hydroxyl or amino; and the pharmaceutical salts and esters thereof.

Abstract: The invention provides Form II dirithromycin, a novel polymorph of dirithromycin. Also disclosed are the acetone, 1-butanol, 1-propanol, and 2-propanol solvates of dirithromycin, which provide an efficient means for preparing and isolating Form II. Processes for preparing and isolating Form II dirithromycin from these solvates or from Form I dirithromycin are provided. A process for obtaining Form II dirithromycin from non-solvated dirithromycin is also provided. Another aspect of the invention is an improved tablet containing Form II dirithromycin as the active ingredient.

Abstract: An erythromycin compound of Formula I or its non-toxic acid addition salt having antibiotic activity.

Abstract: Object:Provision of novel macrolide antibiotics having a strong antibacterial activity.Construction:Compounds represented by the formula: ##STR1## which are obtained by introducing a certain substituted carbonyloxy group into 5-O-desosaminylerythronolide derivatives at the 3-position; and pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts thereof.

Abstract: Object: To provide novel macrolide antibiotics having a strong antibacterial activity. Constitution: 5-O-desosaminylerythronolide A derivatives represented by the formula: ##STR1## [wherein -A- - is a group of --N(R.sup.3)-- (wherein R.sup.3 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1-3 carbon atoms) or a group represented by --N.dbd., and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1-3 carbon atoms] which is a tricyclic carbamate of 5-0-desosaminylerythronolide A derivative having a ketone at the 3-position, being substituted by a methoxy group at the 6-position, and a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt thereof; and a compound represented by the formula: ##STR2## (wherein R.sup.4 is an acetyl group or a propionyl group) which is an intermediate useful for the preparation of the 3-ketone forms of 5-O-desosaminylerythronolide A derivatives.

Abstract: The invention relates to 9a-N-(N'-carbamoyl) and 9a-N-(N'-thiocarbamoyl) derivatives of 9-deoxo-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A, novel semisynthetic macrolide antibiotics of the azalide series, of the formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R represents a C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl, aryl or aralkyl group and X represents O or S, and pharmaceutically acceptable addition salts thereof with inorganic or organic acids, to the intermediates and processes for the preparation thereof, to a process for the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions as well as to the use of pharmaceutical compositions in the treatment of bacterial infections.

Abstract: Novel intermediates for the preparation of the compounds of Formula I wherein the substituents are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: An oral dosage form of azithromycin which does not exhibit an adverse food effect; Specific azithromycin oral dosage forms including tablets, powders for oral suspensions and unit dose packets; Methods of treating microbial infections with the dosage forms; And therapeutic packages containing the dosage forms.

Abstract: A novel macloride antibiotic having a potent antibacterial activity, represented by the formula: ##STR1## which is obtained by introducing a specific aryloxy or alkoxy group into the 3-position of a 5-O-desosaminylerythronolide derivative; or phamaceutically acceptable acid addition salts thereof.

Abstract: Object: To provide a novel macrolide antibiotic having a strong antibacterial activity.Constitution: 11-Amino-3,11-dideoxy-3-oxo-5-O-desosaminyl-6-O-methylerythronolide A 11-N,12-O-cyclic carbamate which has a ketone at the 3-position and a methylated hydroxyl group at the 6-position of a 5-O-desosaminylerythronolide A derivative, and pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts thereof.

Abstract: 4"-Deoxy derivatives of erythromycin having the Formula (I) ##STR1## and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, which are enhancers of gastric motility but have minimal antibacterial activity, as well as pharmaceutical compositions containing the same and methods for their use and preparation.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a new process for the synthesis of the macrolide antibiotic dirithromycin in crystalline form. The process is carried out in a single reaction vessel whereby an acetal dissolved in acetonitrile, in the presence of an acid catalyst, is hydrolyzed to the related hemiacetal which then reacts directly with erythromycylamine to form crystalline dirithromycin.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein X and X' form C.dbd.O or C.dbd.NOR, R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, heterocycle, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, all optionally substituted, or X is ##STR2## R.sub.a and R.sub.b are hydrogen or a hydrocarbon group or form together with the nitrogen a heterocycle, or with A forms a 9-N, 11-0 ring, and X' is hydrogen, --Y and Y' have the same definition as X and X', B is hydrogen or OR.sub.4, R.sub.4 is hydrogen or forms together with A a carbonate or a carbamate, A forms with C a double bond or A is OR'.sub.4, R'.sub.4 is hydrogen or forms together with B a carbonate or A is ##STR3## R.sub.2 is alkyl or --CONH.sub.2, --CONHCOR.sub.11 or --CONHSO.sub.2 R.sub.11, R.sub.11 is a hydrocarbon up to 18 carbon atoms, R.sub.3 is hydrogen, ##STR4## and Z is hydrogen or a carboxylic acid remainder and their non-toxic, pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts, their preparation and intermediates useful as antibiotics.

Abstract: A stable topical formulation with good active ingredient release characteristics, comprising at least one macrolide antibiotic which is lipophilized with at least one former of oppositely charged ions which is selected from the group consisting of alkyl sulfates, alkylsulfonates, and alkyl salicylates, RX, where R represents a linear and/or branched alkyl group with 6-32 C atoms, and X represents a sulfate, sulfonate, or salicylate group.

Abstract: The invention provides Form II dirithromycin, a novel polymorph of dirithromycin. Also disclosed are the acetone, 1-butanol, 1-propanol, and 2-propanol solvates of dirithromycin, which provide an efficient means for preparing and isolating Form II. Processes for preparing and isolating Form II dirithromycin from these solvates or from Form I dirithromycin are provided. A process for obtaining Form II dirithromycin from non-solvated dirithromycin is also provided. Another aspect of the invention is an improved tablet containing Form II dirithromycin as the active ingredient.

Abstract: (8S)-8-fluoroerythromycins are prepared by reacting 8,9-anhydroerythromycin 6,9-hemiacetals or an N-oxide thereof with a carboxylic acid and an N-F fluorinating agent. The anhydro starting material may be prepared in situ from erythromycins or an N-oxide derivative thereof. The (8S)-8-fluoroerythromycin products are useful antibacterial agents.

Abstract: A compound selected from the group consisting of a compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is ##STR2## m and n are individually integers from 0 to 6, A and B are individually a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen and alkyl of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, the double bond geometry being E or Z or E+Z or A and B form a third bond between the carbon atoms to which they are attached, Ar is selected from the group consisting of a) carbocyclic aryl of up to 18 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one member of the group consisting of free carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, carboxy salified with a non-toxic, pharmaceutically acceptable base, amidified carboxy, --OH, halogen, --NO.sub.2, --CN, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkynyloxy, alkylthio, alkenylthio and alkynylthio of up to 12 carbon atoms, N-alkyl, N-alkenyl and N-alkynyl of up to 12 carbon atoms and cycloalkyl of 3 to 12 carbon atoms, all optionally substituted with at least one halogen and ##STR3## R.sub.1 and R.sub.

Abstract: A compound selected from the group consisting of a compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is --(CH.sub.2).sub.n --Ar.sub.1 or --XAr.sub.2, n is an integer from 1 to 6, Ar.sub.1 and Ar.sub.2 are individually selected from the group consisting of a) carbocyclic aryl of up to 18 carbon atoms substituted by at least one member of the group consisting of free carboxy, alkoxy carbonyl and carboxyl salified with a pharmaceutically acceptable base, --OH, halogen, --NO.sub.2, --CN, ##STR2## and alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkynyloxy, alkylthio, alkenylthio, alkynylthio, N-alkyl, N-alkenyl and N-alkynyl of up to 12 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one halogen, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are individually hydrogen or alkyl of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, b) ##STR3## wherein R.sub.

Abstract: Provision of novel macrolide antibiotics having a strong antibacterial activity.Construction:Compounds represented by the formula: ##STR1## which are obtained by introducing a carbamoyl group into 5-O-desosaminyl-6-O-methylerythronolide derivatives at the 3-position; and pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts thereof.