Abstract: An improved process for the preparation of pyridines and/or hydrogened pyridines that have been substituted with a hydrocarbon group at one or more carbon atoms. .gamma.-cyanoketone, in a gaseous phase and in the presence of hydrogen, is passed over a first catalyst in a reaction zone to form a reaction mixture containing substituted pyridines and/or hydrogenated pyridines and hydrogen. A hydrogen-containing gas is separated from the reaction mixture and, prior to being recycled, is subjected to a two-step catalytic treatment. In the first catalytic treatment step, the hydrogen-containing gas is passed over an iron, nickel, cobalt, or platinum-containing catalyst at a temperature of between about 250.degree. and 550.degree. C. In the second catalytic treatment step, the hydrogen-containing gas is passed over an iron, nickel, or cobalt catalyst at a temperature of between about 550.degree. and 800.degree. C.

Abstract: Selective reduction of compounds containing reducible nitro-, nitroso-, nitrilo-, oximes or double bonds is effected by the use of a metal macrocyclic compound in prereduced form, such as a metal phthalocyanine or a metal porphyrin.

Abstract: 2,3-Cycloalkenopyridines of the formula ##STR1## are prepared by reacting a cycloalkanone or cycloalkenone of the formula ##STR2## with an oxo compound of the formula ##STR3## where Z is an aliphatic carbon chain which is unsubstituted or has hydrocarbon substituents and R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are hydrogen or lower alkyl groups and ammonia in the presence of a dehydrating and dehydrogenating catalyst at a temperature of about 250.degree. to 550.degree. C.

Abstract: 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline polymer containing 25% by weight or more of the dimer is effectively prepared by the polymerization of 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline monomer in the presence of hydrochloric acid, the concentration of hydrochloric acid being from 15 to 25% by weight, and the amount of hydrochloric acid being 0.2 to 0.5 mole per mole of the total of the monomer and impurity amines contained in the monomer. The polymer is useful as an antioxidant for rubber.

Abstract: This invention relates to alkylated derivatives of polymerized aromatic nitrogen heterocyclic compounds as illustrated by polymerized pyridine, quinoline and derivatives thereof; and uses thereof.These compositions are polymerized by treating said aromatic nitrogen heterocyclic compounds at elevated temperatures and pressures with catalytic amounts of alkyl halides and then alkylating the polymerized products formed.

Abstract: An improved process for the preparation of pyridines and/or hydrogenated pyridines that have been substituted with a hydrocarbon group at one or more carbon atoms, .gamma.-cyanoketone, in a gaseous phase and in the presence of hydrogen, is passed in a reaction zone over a first catalyst containing a catalytically active metal or compound of a metal selected from the group copper, silver, gold, iron, nickel, cobalt, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium and platinum to form a reaction mixture. A hydrogen-containing gas is separated from the reaction mixture, passed over a second catalyst containing a catalytically active metal or compound of a metal selected from the group iron, nickel and cobalt at a temperature of between 300.degree. and 800.degree. C., and the hydrogen-containing gas so treated is recycled to the reaction zone.

Abstract: This invention relates to polymerized aromatic nitrogen heterocyclic compounds as illustrated by compounds containing nitrogen heterocyclic rings and uses thereof.Polymerization is effected by treating said aromatic nitrogen heterocyclic compounds at elevated temperatures and pressures with catalytic amounts of alkyl halides.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved process for the dehydrogenation of alkyl-substituted aromatic compounds to the corresponding alkenyl-substituted aromatics in the presence of oxygen and in the presence of an improved metal phosphate catalyst composition.

Abstract: Process for making indole by subjecting 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline to a thermal decomposition at a reaction temperature of about 650.degree. to 750.degree. C. in a reactor filled with a substantially inert material and in the presence of steam. The starting product for this process is easily available and can easily be obtained by chemical reaction and the process itself has a high yield.

Abstract: Antidegradants for rubber comprising a mixture consisting essentially of 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline monomer, dimer thereof and more highly polymerized products than the said dimer, the contents of the said quinoline monomer and the said quinoline dimer being less than 5% by weight and 25% by weight or more, respectively. The antidegradants for rubber are very useful for preventing both heat ageing and flex cracking of rubber.

Abstract: Quinoline and aniline compounds have been synthesized from aromatic nitro compounds and ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbons in the presence of complexes of Group VIII metals used as catalysts.

Abstract: In a process for treating 2-(beta-cyanoethyl)-cyclohexanones with a dehydrogenation catalyst to produce the corresponding quinolines, the improvement comprising passing the 2-(beta-cyanoethyl)-cyclohexanone over a dehydrogenation catalyst at temperatures below 230.degree. C. and thereafter contacting the resulting reaction product, in the gaseous state and in the presence of hydrogen, at a temperature of over 230.degree. C.

Abstract: Process of extracting metals using organic solvent solutions of salts of hydrogen ion exchange agents and quaternary ammonium compounds. Organic solvent solutions of such quaternary ammonium salts of hydrogen ion exchange agents.