Abstract: A method for the inhibition of the binding of ?4?1 integrin to its receptors, for example VCAM-1 (vascular cell adhesion molecule-1) and fibronectin; compounds that inhibit this binding; pharmaceutically active compositions comprising such compounds; and to the use of such compounds either a above, or in formulations for the control or prevention of diseases states in which ?4?1 is involved.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of formula (I), their use as an inhibitor of a p53-MDM2 interaction as well as pharmaceutical compositions comprising said compounds: wherein n, m, p, s, t, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R20, X, Y, Q and Z have defined meanings.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel analogues of the natural product radicicol A of formulae I, .Ia, pi, Ha, lib and HI, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds. The compounds of the invention are kinase and phosphatase inhibitors and find utility in the treatment or prevention of kinase and phosphatase-mediated disorders. Also provided are uses and methods for the treatment or prevention of kinase- and phosphatase-mediated disorders and synthetic processes for the preparation of the compounds.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel N-heterocyclylphenyl-substituted cyclic ketoenols of the formula (I) in which CKE, W, X, Y and Z are as defined in the disclosure, to a plurality of processes and intermediates for their preparation and to their use as pesticides and/or herbicides and/or microbicides. The invention further relates to selective herbicidal compositions comprising firstly the N-heterocyclylphenyl-substituted cyclic ketoenols and secondly a compound which improves crop plant tolerance.

Abstract: Embodiments of this invention provide methods for thereapeutic use of cyclic G-2-Allyl Proline to treat disorders of dopaminergic neurons, including Parkinson's disease. Cyclic G-2Allyl P is neuroprotective and has utility as a therapeutic agent for treatment of diseases and other conditions characterised by degeneration and/or death of dopaminergic neurons and the adverse symptoms of such degeneration and/or death. Such symptoms include loss of cognition and motor function. Compounds are also useful for manufacture of medicaments including tablets, capsules and injectable solutions that are useful for treatment of such conditions.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel 2-alkoxy-6-alkylphenyl-substituted spirocyclic tetramic acid derivatives of the formula (I) in which A, B, D, G, X, Y and Z are as defined above, to a plurality of processes and intermediates for their preparation and to their use as pesticides and/or herbicides, and also to selective herbicidal compositions comprising, firstly, the 2-alkoxy-6-alkylphenyl-substituted spirocyclic tetramic acid derivatives of the formula (I) and, secondly, at least one crop plant tolerance promoter compound.

Abstract: Substituted disulfonamide compounds corresponding to formula I: In which R1, R2, R3, R4a, R4b, R5a, R5b, R8, R9a, R9b, R10, R11, a, b, s, t and A have defined meanings, pharmaceutical compositions containing one or more such compounds, processes for preparing such compounds, and a method of using such compounds for the treatment or inhibition of pain and/or other conditions mediated by the bradykinin receptor 1 (BR1).

Abstract: The present invention provides a most suitable prodrug of a cinnamide compound. The prodrug is represented by Formula (I) wherein Ra and Rb each denote a C1-6 alkyl group or the like; Xa denotes a methoxy group or a fluorine atom; Y denotes a phosphono group or the like; and A denotes a cyclic lactam derivative.

Abstract: The specific compounds of this list: {7-cyano-2-methyl-1-[4-(morpholine-4-sutfonyl)benzyl]indolizin-3-yl}acetic acid, {1-(3-chloro-4-ethanesulfonylbenzyl)-7-cyano-2-methylindolizin-3-yl}acetic acid, {1-[3-chloro4-(morpholine-4-sulfonyl)benzyl]-7-cyano-2-methylindolizin-3-yl}acetic acid, {1-(3-chloro-4-ethanesulfonylphenylsulfanyl)-7-cyano-2-methylindolizin-3-yl}acetic acid, {1-[3-chloro-4-(morpholine-4-sutfonyl)phenylsutfanyl]-7-cyano-2-methylindolizin-3-yl}acetic acid, {7-cyano-1-(6-fluoroquinolin-2-ylmethyl)-2-methylindolizin-3-yl}acetic acid are ligands of the CRTH2 receptor and are useful in the treatment of respiratory diseases.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of the formula: wherein X, Y, and Z are as defined in the specification. The compounds are effective anti-tumor agents. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of the above formula or a salt thereof, intermediates useful for preparing a compound of the above formula, and therapeutic methods comprising administering a compound of the above formula or a salt thereof to a mammal in need thereof.

Abstract: It is to provide a novel pyrazolone derivative represented by the following general formula (1), which is useful as a pharmaceutical and has a phosphodiesterase inhibitory action: wherein R1,R2: C1-6 alkyl; R3,R4: H, X, C1-6 alkoxy; Z:O, S; A:AA, BB, wherein AA represents wherein BB represents wherein R5: H, C1-6 alkyl; R6,R7: C1-6 alkyl.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel 8-aza-bicyclo[3.2.1]octane derivatives useful as monoamine neurotransmitter re-uptake inhibitors. In other aspects the invention relates to the use of these compounds in a method for therapy and to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds of the invention.

Abstract: The current invention provides compounds having a structure according to Formulae 1, 2, 3, and 4: wherein the A-ring, B-ring, C-ring, m, n, R25, R50, and R51 are as described in the specification. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising compounds of Formulae 1, 2, 3, and 4, as well as methods of treating cognitive disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease. The invention further provides intermediates useful in preparing the compounds of Formulae 1, 2, 3, and 4.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions of novel high penetration compositions (HPC) or high penetration prodrugs (HPP) of antimicrobials and antimicrobial-related compounds, which are capable of crossing biological barriers with high penetration efficiency. The HPPs are capable of being converted to parent active drugs or drug metabolites after crossing the biological barrier and thus can render treatments for the conditions that the parent drugs or metabolites can. Additionally, the HPPs are capable of reaching areas that parent drugs may not be able to access or to render a sufficient concentration at the target areas and therefore render novel treatments. The HPPs can be administered to a subject through various administration routes, e.g., locally delivered to an action site of a condition with a high concentration or systematically administered to a biological subject and enter the general circulation with a faster rate.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing a piperidin-4-one derivative useful as an intermediate for agricultural chemicals or pharmaceutical products. A piperidin-4-one derivative represented by formula (III-a) or formula (III-b) is produced by reacting a cyclic bis(aminol)ether compound represented by formula (I) and an acetone derivative represented by formula (II) in the presence of at least one substance selected from the group consisting of protonic acids, Lewis acids, acid halides and dialkyl sulfuric acids.

Abstract: Cyclic amine compounds represented by formula (1) or salts thereof or N-oxides thereof, wherein Cy1 represents an unsubstituted or substituted aromatic ring; X represents oxygen, sulfur, unsubstituted or substituted nitrogen, sulfinyl, or sulfonyl; R1a and R2a, R1a and R4a, R2a and R3a, or R3a and R4a form saturated rings together; R1a, R1b, R2a, R2b, R3a, R3b, R4a, R4b, and R5 which do not form the saturated rings are each independently hydrogen, hydroxyl, halogen, unsubstituted or substituted amino, nitro, or an organic group; Cy2 represents an unsubstituted or substituted aromatic ring with a proviso that Cy2 is an unsubstituted or substituted heteroaromatic ring when R1a and R2a form a saturated ring together and Cy1 is an unsubstituted or substituted phenyl, and Cy2 is a substituted pyridin-2-yl having one or more cyano as a substituent when Cy1 is an unsubstituted or substituted phenyl and Cy2 is a pyridin-2-yl.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel chromen-2-one derivatives useful as monoamine neurotransmitter re-uptake inhibitors. In other aspects the invention relates to the use of these compounds in a method for therapy and to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds of the invention.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to certain 5,6-fused pyrrolidine compounds which are useful as neurokinin-1 (NK-1) receptor antagonists, and inhibitors of tachykinin and in particular substance P. The invention is also concerned with pharmaceutical formulations comprising these compounds as active ingredients and the use of the compounds and their formulations in the treatment of certain disorders, including emesis, urinary incontinence, depression, and anxiety.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of formula I and pharmaceutically acceptable salts. These compounds can act as potential MEK inhibitors in the treatment of hyperproliferative diseases, like cancer and inflammation. The present invention also reveals methods of preparation thereof.

Abstract: A series of N-substituted 9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-3?-yl phenylcarbamate analogs are disclosed, as well as methods of their preparation. Their affinities for sigma (?1 and ?2) receptors are described. Two new compounds, N-(9-(4-aminobutyl)-9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-3?-yl)-N?-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)carbamate and N-(9-(6-aminohexyl)-9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-3?-yl)-N?-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)carbamate, are shown to have a high affinity and selectivity for ?2 versus ?1 receptors. Among the disclosed compounds are biotinylated and fluorescent analogs. These compounds can serve as probes to the ?2 receptor. In addition, some disclosed compounds can induce apoptotic cell death by both caspase-dependent and caspase-independent mechanisms, and are effective for treatment of tumors. The compounds can be used as chemotherapeutics or chemosensitizers in the treatment of a wide variety of solid tumors.

Abstract: The object is to produce an azabicycloalkanol derivative, particularly a cis-3-substituted-3-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-8-ol derivative which is a useful intermediate for agricultural chemicals or pharmaceutical agents, with a good yield and at an industrially low cost. A diastereomer of an azabicyclo-C6-10-alkanol derivative having a methyne substituted a hydroxyl group as an asymmetric carbon (e.g., a trans-3-substituted-3-azabicyclo[3.2.1]-8-ol derivative) is isomerized in the presence of a transition metal complex, thereby producing an excess amount of a thermodynamically more stable one of diastereomers (e.g., a cis-3-substituted-3-azabicyclo[3.2.1]-8-ol derivative). In this manner, a thermodynamically more stable one of diastereomers of the azabicyclo-C6-10-alkanol derivatives can be produced.

Abstract: A new class of chemical entities chosen from aminoindolizines of formula (I), acid addition salts thereof, and solvates thereof: their use for dyeing keratin fibers, including human keratin fibers such as the hair; dyeing compositions comprising such chemical entities; and to kits containing compositions comprising those chemical entities.

Abstract: The present invention relates to 1-aza-bicycloalkyl derivatives of formula I, wherein X is CH2 or a single bond; Y is a group of formula and wherein R has the meanings as defined in the specification, which compounds are alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonists; to processes for their production, their use as pharmaceuticals and to pharmaceutical compositions comprising them.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel two cyclic cinnamide compound and a pharmaceutical agent comprising the compound as an active ingredient. The two cyclic cinnamide compound represented by the general formula (I): wherein represents a single bond or a double bond; Ar1 represents a phenyl group or pyridinyl group that may be substituted with 1 to 3 substituents; R1 and R2 each represent a C1-6 alkyl group, a hydroxyl group, or the like; Z1 represents a methylene group or vinylene group, which may be substituted with 1 or 2 substituents selected from Substituent Group A1, an oxygen atom, or an imino group that may be substituted with a substituent selected from Substituent Group A1; and p, q, and r each represent an integer of 0 to 2, which has an effect of reducing A?40 and A?42 production, and thus is particularly useful as a prophylactic or therapeutic agent for a neurodegenerative disease caused by A? such as Alzheimer's disease or Down's syndrome.

Abstract: Compounds of formulae I and II: are disclosed as 5-HT3 inhibitors. Those compounds are useful in treating CINV, IBS-D and other diseases and conditions.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of general formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein X, n, Y, and R1 are defined generally and in subsets herein. Compounds of the invention are inhibitors of CCR2 and accordingly are useful for the treatment of a variety of inflammatory, allergic, and autoimmune diseases, disorders, or conditions.

Abstract: Compounds of the following formula are provided for use with MEK: wherein the variables are as defined herein. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions, kits and articles of manufacture comprising such compounds; methods and intermediates useful for making the compounds; and methods of using said compounds.

Abstract: A carboxamide compound represented by the formula (I): [wherein Q represents a nitrogen-containing 6-membered aromatic heterocyclic group optionally fused with a benzene ring, two or more ring constitutional atoms of the heterocyclic group are a nitrogen atom, and the heterocyclic group may be substituted with at least one group selected from the group consisting of a C1-C3 alkyl group etc.], and a plant disease controlling agent comprising this as an active ingredient.

Abstract: Novel compounds and methods of using those compounds for the treatment of inflammatory conditions are provided. In a preferred embodiment, modulation of the activation state of p38 kinase protein comprises the step of contacting the kinase protein with the novel compounds.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of the Formula I and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and prodrugs thereof, wherein R1, R2, R7, R8 and R9, W, X and Y are as defined in the specification. Such compounds are MEK inhibitors and useful in the treatment of hyperproliferative diseases, such as cancer and inflammation, in mammals, and inflammatory conditions. Also disclosed are methods of using such compounds in the treatment of hyperproliferative diseases in mammals and pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of piperidine derivatives encompassed from the general formula (I) for the control of pests, including arthropods and helminths, and a method for the control of pests.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of Formula (I) wherein G, R2, A, D and E are as described in the specification, or pharmaceutically-acceptable salts, or in vivo-hydrolysable precursors thereof. Also disclosed herein is at least one method of making, at least one pharmaceutical composition containing, and at least one method for using at least one compound in accordance with Formula I.

Abstract: Novel compounds and methods of using those compounds for the treatment of inflammatory conditions are provided. In a preferred embodiment, modulation of the activation state of p38 kinase protein comprises the step of contacting the kinase protein with the novel compounds.

Abstract: FGF receptor agonist compounds corresponding to the general formula: M1-L-M2 are disclosed in which M1 and M2, which may be identical or different, each represent, independently of one another, a monomer unit M, and L represents a linker group, wherein the monomer unit is of the general formula I.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the field of ligands for nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nACh receptors), activation of nACh receptors, and the treatment of disease conditions associated with defective or malfunctioning nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, especially of the brain. Further, this invention relates to novel compounds (indazoles and benzothiazoles), which act as ligands for the ?7 nACh receptor subtype, methods of preparing such compounds, compositions containing such compounds, and methods of use thereof.

Abstract: A chemical compound represented by the formula [I]: (wherein R1 represents a hydroxyl group or the like, m represents 0 or an integer of 1 to 5, R2 represents a halogen atom or the like, k represents 0 or an integer of 1 to 4, R3, R31, R4, R41, R5, R51, R6, R61, and R7 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or the like, but both R3 and R4, or both R5 and R6, are bound together to form an azabicyclooctane core or an azabicyclononane core, X represents an oxygen atom or the like, and n represents 1), a salt, an N-oxide of the chemical compound represented by formula [I], and a pest control agent containing the formula [I] as its active constituent.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel enantiopure compounds, useful as starting material for synthesis of enantiopure pharmaceuticals. In other aspects the invention relates to a method of preparing the enantiopure compounds of the invention.

Abstract: Provided are compounds useful for treating diseases associated with a cerebral accumulation of Alzheimer's amyloid, such as Alzheimer's disease. Also provided are methods of treating or reducing the risk of developing ?-amyloid production, ?-amyloid deposition, ?-amyloid neurotoxicity (including abnormal hyperphosphorylation of tau) and microgliosis associated with cerebral accumulation of Alzheimer's amyloid by administering therapeutically effective amounts of the compounds. Further provided are methods for diagnosing diseases associated with cerebral accumulation of Alzheimer's amyloid in animals or humans by administering diagnostically effective amounts of the compounds.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new process for preparing benzimidazole derivatives having a chiral sulfoxide group in enantiomerically pure form or in a form in which one of the two enantiomers is present in an increased quantity over the other enantiomer. The invention likewise relates to a process for preparing the salts of the individual enantiomers of the benzimidazole derivatives with a chiral sulfoxide group. The invention relates in particular to a process for preparing the S-enantiomer of omeprazole (also known as esomeprazole) and the salts thereof, more particularly the zinc salt of the S-enantiomer of omeprazole. In the new process a prochiral sulfide is oxidized in an organic solvent with an oxidizing agent in the presence of a titanium(IV) complex.

Abstract: Carbamates of formula (I) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, including quaternary ammonium salts of formula (II) are disclosed; as well as processes for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions comprising them and their use in therapy as antagonists of M3 muscarinic receptors.

Abstract: The present invention relates to certain derivatives of cycloalkanediones invariably substituted with a chroman-2-yl, 2-quinolyl or —O-phenyl residue which are serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) 5-HT1A receptor subtype agonists modulators, to their stereochemical isomers and to their use in the preparation of a medicament for the treatment of pathological states for which an agonist a modulator of these receptors is indicated.

Abstract: This invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions and methods for treating a vision disorder, improving vision, treating memory impairment, or enhancing memory performance using N-linked sulfonamides of heterocyclic thioesters.

Abstract: The invention relates to the generation of a library of compounds enriched in agonist and antagonists for members of the G-protein coupled class of receptors (GPCRs).

Abstract: The invention relates to novel cyclic peptidomimetic compounds containing the sequence RGD for the preparation of appropriately functionalised antagonists of ?v?3 and ?v?5 integrins, and intended, for example, for the treatment of altered angiogenic phenomena or for the preparation of diagnostically useful compounds.

Abstract: The invention relates to conformationally constrained mimetics of Smac which function as inhibitors of Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins. The invention also relates to the use of these mimetics for inducing apoptotic cell death and for sensitizing cells to inducers of apoptosis.

Abstract: This invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions and methods for treating a vision disorder, improving vision, treating memory impairment, or enhancing memory performance using heterocyclic esters and amides.

Abstract: Compounds of the following structure are described: wherein R1-R6, R11, R12, m, V, X, Y, Z and Q are described herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, tautomer, metabolite or prodrug thereof. These compounds are useful for treating a variety of hormone-related conditions including contraception, treating or preventing fibroids, endometriosis, dysfunctional bleeding, uterine leiomyomata, polycystic ovary syndrome, or hormone-dependent carcinomas, providing hormone replacement therapy, stimulating food intake or synchronizing estrus.

Abstract: The present invention relates to bicyclic tetrahydropyridine compounds that are useful for treating cellular proliferative diseases, for treating disorders associated with KSP kinesin activity, and for inhibiting KSP kinesin. The invention also related to compositions which comprise these compounds, and methods of using them to treat cancer in mammals.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the preparation of functionalized indolizidines comprising the steps and products disclosed within this application.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel compositions and uses of N-heterocyclic carboxylic acids and carboxylic acid isosteres for treating a vision disorder, improving vision, treating memory impairment or enhancing memory performance in an animal.