Abstract: The invention provides novel amino acids and peptides containing them which comprise a dihydropyridine.revreaction.pyridinium salt-type redox system and which provide site-specific and sustained delivery of pharmacologically active peptides to the brain. These new amino acids contain a redox system appended directly or via an alkylene bridge to the carbon atom adjacent to the carboxyl carbon and may be incorporated into a peptide chain at a variety of positions, including non-terminal positions.

Abstract: The growth of livestock is promoted by the new compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 represents hydrogen, alkyl, halogen, halogenoalkyl, hydroxyl, cyano, alkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, mono- and dialkylaminocarbonyl, alkoxy, halogenoalkoxy, halogenoalkylthio or NHSO.sub.2 -alkyl,R.sup.2 represents hydrogen, hydroxyl, alkoxy or the --NR.sup.11 R.sup.12 radical,R.sup.3 represents the radicals mentioned in the case of R.sup.1R.sup.4 represents hydroxyl, acyloxy or alkoxy,R.sup.5 represents hydrogen or alkyl,R.sup.6 represents hydrogen or alkyl,R.sup.7 represents hydrogen or alkyl,R.sup.8 represents hydrogen or alkyl,X represents C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -alkylene or a direct bond,Y represents oxygen or a direct bond,R.sup.9 represents hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -alkyl which is optionally substituted by hydroxyl, alkoxy, acyloxy or the --NR.sup.13 R.sup.14 radical, or represents the COR.sup.15 radical or the O--Z--R.sup.16 radical,Z represents C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -alkylene, C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: Novel compounds having the following structural formula: ##STR1## wherein - - - may represent the presence of a double bond between the C.sub.6 and C.sub.7 position, Ia, or the absence of a double bond between the C.sub.6 and C.sub.7 position, Ib; R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting essentially of hydrogen, bromo, chloro, carbamoyl, carboxyl, carboxyalkoxyl where alkoxyl is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3), cyano, --CO--CF.sub.3, COONa, ##STR2## --CO--C(CH.sub.3).sub.3, and ##STR3## where X is hydrogen, cyano, halogen and nitro; R.sub.2, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 may be hydrogen and lower alkyl (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3); R.sub.3 is hydrogen, alkyl (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3), ##STR4## where R.sub.7 and R.sub.8 may be the same or different and are selected from the group consisting essentially of hydrogen, halogen, alkyl (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3), nitro, alkoxy (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3), trifluoro-methyl, acetylamino or N-alkylacetylamino where alkyl is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3), and R.sub.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of the formulaD--DHC].sub.n (I)and the nontoxic pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein D is the residue of a centrally acting drug containing at least one reactive functional group selected from the group consisting of amino, hydroxyl, mercapto, carboxyl, amide and imide, said residue being characterized by the absence of a hydrogen atom from at least one of said reactive functional groups in said drug; n is a positive integer equal to the number of said functional groups from which a hydrogen atom is absent; and [DHC] is the reduced, biooxidizable, blood-brain barrier penetratring lipoidal form of a dihydropyridine.revreaction.pyridinium salt redox carrier, said carrier comprising a bivalent radical of the formula ##STR1## wherein the alkylene group can be straight or branched and can contain 1 to 3 carbon atoms; R.sub.

Abstract: Acrylic acid derivatives having the formula (I): ##STR1## and stereoisomers thereof, wherein W is R.sup.1 O.sub.2 C--C.dbd.CH--ZR.sup.2, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are alkyl or fluoroalkyl groups, and Z is oxygen or sulphur; A, B, D and E are hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy or optionally substituted alkyl, alkoxy, aralkyl, arylalkoxy, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, aryloxy, arylthio, heteroaryloxy, heteroarylthio, acyloxy, amino, arylazo or acylamino, nitro, cyano, --CO.sub.2 R.sup.3, --CONR.sup.3 R.sup.4, --COR.sup.3, --CR.sup.3 .dbd.NR.sup.4, --N.dbd.CR.sup.3 R.sup.4 or --S(O).sub.n R.sup.3 groups; any two of the groups A, B, D and E, when they are in adjacent positions on the ring, optionally join to form a fused ring, n is 0, 1 or 2; and R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl or optionally substituted aryl or aralkyl; and metal complexes thereof. These compounds are useful as fungicides, insecticides, nematicides or plant growth regulators.

Abstract: Nitrogen-containing heterocyclic esters of the formula I,R.sup.1 -A.sup.1 -Z.sup.1 -A.sup.2 -[Z.sup.2 -A.sup.3 ].sub.m -R.sup.2 Iin which R.sup.1, R.sup.2, A.sup.1, A.sup.2, A.sup.3, Z.sup.1, Z.sup.2 and m have the meaning specified in patent claim 1, are suitable as components of smectic liquid-crystalline phases.

Abstract: 1,3-Dihydro-4-pyridoyl-2H-imidazol-2-ones are prepared in a three step process by(a) reducing 1-pyridyl-1,3-deketo-2-oximinoalkanes to produce 1-pyridyl-1-hydroxy-2-amine-3-ketoalkanes;(b) reacting the thus produced hydroxyaminoketone with cyanate ion to produce a 1,3-dihydro-4-hydroxy(pyridyl)methyl-2H-imidazol-2-one; and(c) oxidizing the thus produced hydroxymethyl compound to yield the desired product.

Abstract: There are provided new alkane and alkoxyalkane derivatives of the general formula I ##STR1## in which R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and A have the meanings given in the description, processes for their preparation and insecticidal and acaricidal compositions containing these compounds.

Abstract: Dihydropyridine compounds having 1,4,4-trisubstitution of the following formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R is one of --COR.sup.3, R.sup.3 being a group such as phenyl or benzyl; R.sup.4 where R.sup.4 is a heterocycle; --(CH.sub.2).sub.n NR.sup.5 R.sup.6, with R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 being alkyl or joined to define a ring; or --(CH.sub.2).sub.n COOR.sup.7, with R.sup.7 being alkyl or benzyl.R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are alkyl, phenyl or substituted phenyl.The compounds are useful for the treatment of hypertension in mammals, e.g., in humans.

Abstract: 3-oxonitriles are produced by reaction of carboxylic acid esters with carboxylic acid nitriles in the presence of 70 to 80% suspension of sodium hydride in white oil. The oxonitrile are intermediate products for the production of 3-oxocarboxylic acid amides or esters and pesticides.

Abstract: This invention relates to organic acid-substituted guanidine compounds. Also disclosed are methods for preparing the compounds, compositions containing them, and methods for their use as anthelmintics.

Abstract: Polycyclic salts of the formulaA-XN+CH.sub.2 --(Y).sub.n --(CH.sub.2).sub.p --(Z).sub.q --L--(T).sub.r --M IwhereinA.sup.- is the anion of a strong organic or inorganic acid;XN.sup.+ is pyridinium, pyrimidinium, thiazolium or imidazolium substituted by R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 ;n, q and r individually are the integer 1 or 0 and p is an integer from 1 to 15;Y is CH.sub.2, C(H,OH) or C(O):Z is O, S, CH.sub.2, C(O), NQ.sup.1, SO.sub.2, C(O)O, OC(O), C(O)N(Q.sup.1) or N(Q.sup.1)C(O);L is p-phenylene substituted by R.sup.4 ; andM is phenyl substituted by R.sup.5 and R.sup.6,T has one of the meanings given above, for Z or is C(CH.sub.3).sub.2, C.sub.2 H.sub.4, C(Q.sup.2).dbd.C(Q.sup.3), C.tbd.C, CH.sub.2 C(O), C(O)CH.sub.2, CH.sub.2 O or OCH.sub.2,R.sup.1 is a group Ar, Ar-C.sub.1-4 -alkyl, ArO or ArC(O),Ar is phenyl substituted by R.sup.7, R.sup.8 and R.sup.9 ;R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 individually are H, C.sub.1-4 -alkyl, C.sub.1-4 -alkoxy or C.sub.6 H.sub.

Abstract: The invention concerns novel compounds of the formula I ##STR1## wherein: Z is selected from oxygen and the group --YAn wherein Y is selected from C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl and benzyl and An is an anion;k is zero or the integer 1;n is an integer selected from 3 and 4;X is selected from halogen, nitro, cyano, alkyl, substituted alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, alkenyl, alkenyloxy, alkynyl, alkynyloxy, acyloxy, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, sulfamoyl, substituted sulfamoyl, alkanoyloxy, benzyloxy, substituted benzyloxy, amino, substituted amino and the groups formyl and alkanoyl and the oxime, imine and Schiff base derivatives thereof;R.sup.1 is selected from hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkyl, alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, acyl and an inorganic or organic cation;R.sup.2 is selected from alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl, haloalkenyl, alkynyl and haloalkynyl;R.sup.3 is selected from alkyl, fluoroalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, and phenyl; andR.sup.

Abstract: The present invention provides various novel diphenic acid monoamide compounds, novel pharmaceutical compositions and methods of use thereof, as well as novel methods of synthesis therefor. The novel diphenic acid monoamides of the present invention are leukotriene antagonists, 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors, and mediator release inhibitors providing activity useful for treating asthma, allergies, cardiovascular diseases, migraines, and immunoinflammatory conditions.

Abstract: There are presented benzazepines of the formula ##STR1## wherein either R.sup.1 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, 4-pyridyl or the group --(CH.sub.2).sub.n --NR.sup.6 R.sup.7 and R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 together are an additional bond or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together are the oxo group and R.sup.3 is hydrogen or lower alkyl, R.sup.4 is phenyl, o-halophenyl or 2-pyridyl, R.sup.5 is halogen or nitro and either R.sup.6 is hydrogen or lower alkyl and R.sup.7 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl or lower alkynyl or R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 together with the nitrogen atom are 4-(lower alkyl)-1-piperazinyl or 4-morpholinyl and n is the number 0 or 1, and their pharmaceutically acceptable acid additions salts.The compounds possess interesting psychotropic properties, i.e., pronounced anxiolytic properties have been established in the case of certain representative members of this class of substance.

Abstract: The guanidinobenzoic acid derivatives of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein Z represents a carbon-carbon covalent bond, or a methylene, ethylene or vinylene group, R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom, or a straight- or branched-chain alkyl group containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 represents a straight- or branched-chain alkyl group containing from 4 to 10 carbon atoms, or a cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl or straight- or branched-chain alkenyl group containing from 3 to 8 carbon atoms, or a phenyl or benzyl group, or NR.sup.1 R.sup.2 represents a 4- to 8-membered heterocyclic ring, and acid addition salts thereof, have anti-plasmin and anti-trypsin activities.

Abstract: 3-Phenoxy-.alpha.-phenoxy-alkancarboxylic acid derivatives of the formula ##STR1## are disclosed as possessing a surprising selective herbicidal activity. In the formula, Hal is a halogen atom, m is an integer 1, 2 or 3, Y is a hydrogen or halogen atom or the cyano group, Z is a halogen atom or the cyano group, R.sub.1 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl, and R is an acid function. Methods are disclosed for combatting weeds in mono- and dicotyledonous cultures such as cereals, corn, rice, soya and cotton, which comprise applying to the locus to be protected from weeds a dosage of from 0.1 to 10.0 kilograms per hectare of the above compounds.

Abstract: 3-Hydrazino-6-PY-pyridazine or pharmaceutically-acceptable acid-addition salt thereof is useful as a cardiotonic agent, where PY is 4- or 3-pyridinyl or 4- or 3-pyridinyl having one or two lower-alkyl substitutents. 6-PY-3-pyridazinol is prepared by reacting 6-PY-3-pyridazinol with a chlorinating agent to produce 3-chloro-6-PY-pyridazine and reacting said 3-chloro compound with hydrazine to produce said 3-hydrazino compound. 3-Hydrazino-6-PY-pyridazine or pharmaceutically-acceptable acid-addition salt thereof is disclosed as the active component in cardiotonic compositions for increasing cardiac contractility and in the method for increasing cardiac contractility in a patient requiring such treatment. The novel intermediate 3-chloro-6-PY-pyridazine is prepared as noted above.

Abstract: Disclosed are 6- and 6,6-disubstituted-2-substituted-oxapen-2-em-3-carboxylic acids of the following structure: ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxyl, aralkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl; R is selected from hydrogen, --OR, --SR, --NR.sub.2, alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heterocyclyl, or heterocyclylalkyl. Such compounds and their pharmaceutically acceptable salt, and ester derivatives are useful as antibiotics. Also disclosed are processes for the preparation of such compounds, pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds and methods of treatment comprising administering such compounds and compositions when an antibiotic effect is indicated.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the single step acylation of heterocyclic aryl compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein X is the radical selected from the group --N.dbd., --NH--, --O-- and --S-- and Y is the radical selected from the group --CH-- and --CH.dbd.CH-- by treatment with a compound of the formula ##STR2## wherein R is C.sub.1 to C.sub.12 alkylene; Z is selected from the group hydrogen, cyano, halo, C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkoxy, C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkoxy carbonyl, unsubstituted or substituted phenyl, the substituents selected from the group C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkoxy, cyano, halo and trifluoromethyl; and n' is the integer 1 or 2.

Abstract: Pyridyl esters and thiolesters of .alpha.-substituted unsaturated acids, intermediates therefor, synthesis thereof and the use of said esters and thiolesters and compositions for the control of pests.

Abstract: Pyridyl esters and thiolesters of amino acids, intermediates therefor, synthesis thereof and the use of said esters and thiolesters and compositions for the control of pests.

Abstract: A 2-acyl-6-aminomethylphenol derivative having the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents a straight chain or branched chain alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms unsubstituted or substituted with 1 to 3 halogen atoms; a hydrogen atom or a group having the formula (II):--C.sub.n H.sub.2n --R.sup.7 (II)wherein n represents 0 or an integer of 1 to 6; R.sup.7 represents a cycloalkyl group of 3 to 8 carbon atoms unsubstituted or substituted with at least one lower alkyl group; a phenyl group unsubstituted or substituted with at least one lower alkyl group, a halogen atom, a lower alkoxy group or a lower alkylthio group; a lower alkoxy group; a lower alkylthio group; a lower alkylsulfinyl group; a lower alkylsulfonyl group; an N-lower alkylamino group; an N,N-di-lower alkylamino group; or a pyridyl, furyl or thienyl group; R.sup.

Abstract: 2-Imino substituted isothioureidobenzene products useful as anthelmintics and fungicides are disclosed. The products may be prepared by several different methods including treating a 2-iminothioureidobenzene with a base and either an organic halide, a diester of sulfuric acid or a diester of sulfurous acid or treating a 2-aminoisothioureidobenzene with an appropriately substituted aldehyde.

Abstract: 3-Fluoro-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-ones of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is H, alkyl or fluorinated alkyl of 1-4 carbon atoms and up to 9 fluorine atoms or cycloalkylalkyl of 4-8 carbon atoms; R.sup.2 is phenyl; monohalophenyl or pyridyl; R.sup.3 is F, Cl, Br or NO.sub.2, and physiologically acceptable acid addition salts thereof, are central nervous system depressants.

Abstract: Compounds of the class of (2-benzofuranyl)-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridines and (2-benzofuranyl)-piperidines which at the ring nitrogen atom are unsubstituted or substituted by a substituent of the class of certain aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and araliphatic radicals, and their pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts have valuable pharmacological properties. In particular, they inhibit monoamine oxidase and antagonize the action of tetrabenazine. They are useful as active ingredients for therapeutic compositions for the treatment of mental depression. Specific embodiments are 4-(2-benzofuranyl)-piperidine, 2-(5,6-dimethyl-2-benzofuranyl)-piperidine and their hydrochlorides.

Abstract: Thiocarbamates are prepared by a process comprising reacting an aqueous solution of a thiocarbamate salt with an organic halide in the presence of a catalytic amount of a quaternary ammonium salt having the formula(R.sup.4 R.sup.5 R.sup.6 R.sup.7 N).sup.+ Y.sup.-in which R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are independently selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.25 alkyl and C.sub.2 -C.sub.25 alkenyl, R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 are independently selected from the group consisting of C.sub.6 -C.sub.25 alkyl and C.sub.6 -C.sub.25 alkenyl, and Y.sup.- is an anion selected from the group consisting of chloride and bromide; and separating the thiocarbamate from the aqueous solution.

Abstract: New heterocyclylcarboxylic acid derivatives which are acylated in the nucleus, especially benz-acyl-benzimidazole-2-carboxylic acid derivatives of the formula ##STR1## in which R is a free, esterified or amidated carboxyl group or a free, etherified or esterified hydroxymethyl group, R.sub.1 is an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic, araliphatic, heterocyclic or heterocyclic-aliphatic radical, R.sub.2 is hydrogen or an aliphatic radical and Ph is a 1,2-phenylene group containing the radical R.sub.1 --C(.dbd.O)--, with the proviso that R.sub.1 contains at least 2 carbon atoms if Ph is otherwise unsubstituted, R.sub.2 is ethyl and R is acetoxymethyl, and salts of such compounds having salt-forming properties, are useful as anti-allergic agents.

Abstract: Benzene ring substituted benzimidazole-2-carbamate derivatives represented by the formula: ##STR1## where R is a lower alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; ##STR2## is a 5, 6, 7 or 8 membered heterocyclic ring containing 1 to 2 hetero atoms; the ##STR3## substitution being at the 5(6)-position; and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.The compounds are useful as pesticides, particularly as anthelmintic and antifungal agents.

Abstract: This disclosure describes 4-(monoalkylamino)benzoic acid amides and imidates useful as hypolipidemic and antiatherosclerotic agents.