Abstract: Systems, devices and methods for modulation of sirtuins by neurostimulation. In particular, sirtuins may be modulated by stimulation of the vagus nerve. Further described herein generally are methods, systems and devices, for specifically modulating sirtuins, including sub-sets (types or localized regions) of sirtuins by vagus nerve stimulation (VNS).

Abstract: Provided herein are novel sirtuin-modulating compounds and methods of use thereof. The sirtuin-modulating compounds may be used for increasing the lifespan of a cell, and treating and/or preventing a wide variety of diseases and disorders including, for example, diseases or disorders related to aging or stress, diabetes, obesity, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular disease, blood clotting disorders, inflammation, cancer, and/or flushing as well as diseases or disorders that would benefit from increased mitochondrial activity. Also provided are compositions comprising a sirtuin-modulating compound in combination with another therapeutic agent.

Abstract: This invention relates to generally inhibiting histone deacetylase (“HDAC”) enzymes (e.g., HDAC1, HDAC2, and HDAC3) using compounds of formula (I), wherein the substituents are as defined herein.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compounds 7a-f to 18a-f and 19a-f to 30a-f of general formula A, useful as potential anticancer agents against human cancer cell lines.

Abstract: Provided are certain benzothiazole, imidazothiazole, imidazopyrimidine and imidazopyridine compounds, including, for example: formula (I) and pharmaceutically and physiologically acceptable salts, hydrates, and solvates thereof. Such compounds can be used as diagnostic ligands or labels of tau protein and PHF.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I) or pharmaceutical acceptable salts, wherein A, R1, R2, R3 and m, are defined in the description. The present invention relates also to methods of making said compounds, and compositions containing said compounds which are useful for inhibiting kinases such as Glycogen Synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3), Rho kinase (ROCK), Janus Kinases (JAK), Cdc7, AKT, PAK4, PLK, CK2, KDR, MK2, JNK1, aurora, pim 1 and nek 2.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of general formula I wherein R is heteroaryl optionally substituted by R7; or R is heterocycloalkyl or heterocycloalkenyl, optionally substituted by R8; or R is X wherein X is —NR11R12; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates, or solvates thereof, for use—alone or in combination with one or more other pharmaceutically active compounds—in therapy, for preventing, treating or ameliorating diseases or conditions responsive to stimulation of neutrophil oxidative burst, responsive to stimulation of keratinocyte IL-8 release or responsive to induction of necrosis.

Abstract: This invention concerns compounds of the general formula (1): and derivatives thereof, which are antagonists of 5-HT6 receptors, wherein the symbols have the meanings given in the description.

Abstract: This invention concerns compounds of the general formula (1): and derivatives thereof, which are antagonists of 5-HT6 receptors, wherein the symbols have the meanings given in the description.

Abstract: This invention relates to generally inhibiting histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes (e.g., HDAC1, HDAC2, and HDAC3).

Abstract: This invention relates to generally inhibiting histone deacetylase (“HDAC”) enzymes (e.g., HDAC1, HDAC2, and HDAC3).

Abstract: High throughput methods for identifying novel inhibitors of Hsp90 chaperone protein folding are disclosed. The inhibitors so identified disrupt the binding of p23 to either Hsp90? or Hsp90? and have selective activity against the proliferation of cancer cells. In particular are provided embodiments of therapeutic compositions that comprise at least one inhibitor of an Hsp90 chaperone activity, the inhibitor being any of the compounds designated as CP1-CP19 as shown in FIGS. 1A-1D or a 2-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)thio)acetamide derivatives.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing an optically active 2-hydroxy ester, comprising selectively esterifying one enantiomer of a racemic 2-hydroxy ester in a solvent containing a catalyst such as tetramisole or benzotetramisole, and a carboxylic acid anhydride, or a carboxylic acid anhydride and a carboxylic acid. In particular, in the case where the solvent contains a carboxylic acid anhydride, but does not contain a carboxylic acid, as the carboxylic acid anhydride, a carboxylic acid anhydride containing a tertiary or quaternary carbon atom in the a-position is used. On the other hand, in the case where the solvent contains a carboxylic acid anhydride and a carboxylic acid, as the carboxylic acid, a carboxylic acid containing a tertiary or quaternary carbon atom in the a-position is used.

Abstract: A compound represented by the formula (I) or pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof exhibits an excellent CRF receptor antagonism wherein X is a nitrogen atom or CH; R1 is -A11-A12; A11 is a single bond or a C1-6 alkylene group; A12 is a hydrogen atom, a C1-6 alkyl group or a C3-6 cycloalkyl group, etc.; R2 is -A21-A22; A21 is a single bond or a C1-6 alkylene group; A22 is a hydrogen atom, a C1-6 alkyl group, a C3-6 cycloalkyl group, a non-aromatic heterocyclic group, or a heteroaryl group, etc.; R3 is a C1-6 alkyl group, a C3-6 cycloalkyl group, a C1-6 alkoxy group, a C3-6 cycloalkoxy C1-6 alkyl group, di-C1-6 alkyl amino group, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a formyl group, or a carboxyl group, etc; R4 is a hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkoxy group; R5 is a halogen atom, a C1-6 alkyl group, or a C1-6 alkoxy group; R6 is a hydrogen atom, a C1-6 alkyl group, a C1-6 alkoxy group, a C1-6 alkylthio group, or a C1-6 alkyl sulfinyl group etc.

Abstract: Disclosed are Cathepsin-S reversible inhibitor compounds of the formula (I) which are useful in the treatment of autoimmune and other diseases. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions containing the same, and methods of making and using the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use for affinity purification of an antibody or an fragment of an antibody, of a ligand-substituted matrix comprising a support material and at least one ligand covalently bonded to the support material, the ligand being represented by formula (I) wherein Sp is a spacer group; v is 0 or 1; Am is an amide group —NR1—C(O)—, and wherein either NR1 is attached to Ar1 and —C(O)— is attached to Ar2, or —C(O)— is attached to Ar1 and NR1 is attached to Ar2; and R1 is hydrogen or C1 to C4 alkyl, preferably hydrogen or methyl; and more preferably hydrogen; Ar1 is a divalent 5- or 6-membered substituted or unsubstituted aromatic ring; Ar2 is 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic aromatic ring which is (a) attached to a further 5- or 6-membered aromatic ring via a single bond; or (b) fused to a further 5- or 6-membered aromatic ring as part of a multicyclic ring system; or (c) attached to at least one substituent selected from C1 to C4 alkyl; C2 to C4 alkenyl; C2 to C4 alkynyl; a

Abstract: A compound represented by the following formula (I), or salt thereof exhibits excellent CRF receptor antagonism, and sufficient pharmacological activity, safety and pharmacokinetic properties as a drug. wherein R1 represents the formula -A11-A12; R2 represents tetrahydrofurylmethyl, tetrahydropyranylmethyl or tetrahydropyranyl; A11 represents a single bond, methylene or 1,2-ethylene; A12 represents C1-6 alkyl, C3-6 cycloalkyl or C3-6 cycloalkyl having methyl; R3 represents methoxy, cyano, cyclobutyloxymethyl, methoxymethyl or ethoxymethyl; and R4 represents methoxy or chlorine.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to compounds, compositions and methods for the treatment of various disorders. In particular, the disclosure relates to thiazolotriazole and thiazoloimidazole compounds which agonize the activity of the protein TGR5.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compounds 7a-f to 18a-f and 19a-f to 30a-f of general formula A, useful as potential anticancer agents against human cancer cell lines. The present invention further provides a process for the preparation of imidazothiazole-chalcone hybrids 7a-f to 18a-f and 19a-f to 30a-f of general formula A.

Abstract: Novel compounds having a fused bicyclic heteroaromatic ring system substituted with a heteroaryl five-membered ring are disclosed. The compounds inhibit growth of a variety of types of cancer cells, and are thus useful for treating cancer. Efficacy of these compounds is demonstrated with a system for monitoring cell growth/migration, which shows they are potent inhibitors of growth and/or migration of cancer cells. In addition, compounds of the invention were shown to stop growth of tumors in vivo, and to reduce the size of tumors in vivo. Compositions comprising these compounds, and methods to use these compounds and compositions for treatment of cancers, are disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel thiazolidine derivatives of the formula (I) wherein A and R1 are as described in the description and their use as medicaments, especially as orexin receptor antagonists.

Abstract: Provided herein are novel sirtuin-modulating compounds and methods of use thereof. The sirtuin-modulating compounds may be used for increasing the lifespan of a cell, and treating and/or preventing a wide variety of diseases and disorders including, for example, diseases or disorders related to aging or stress, diabetes, obesity, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular disease, blood clotting disorders, inflammation, cancer, and/or flushing as well as diseases or disorders that would benefit from increased mitochondrial activity. Also provided are compositions comprising a sirtuin-modulating compound in combination with another therapeutic agent.

Abstract: An efficient route for the synthesis is of formula (I) of imidazooxazole and imidazothiazole inhibitors of the p38 MAP kinase pathway, useful as therapeutics for disease conditions including inflammation and auto-immune responses is described.

Abstract: Organic compounds showing the ability to inhibit effector toxin secretion or translocation mediated by bacterial type III secretion systems are disclosed. The disclosed type III secretion system inhibitor compounds are useful for combating infections by Gram-negative bacteria such as Salmonella spp., Shigella flexneri, Pseudomonas spp., Yersinia spp., enteropathogenic and enteroinvasive Escherichia coli, and Chlamydia spp. having such type III secretion systems.

Abstract: The invention relates to 3-aza-bicyclo[3.3.0]octane derivatives of the formula (I) wherein R1, R2, R3, and A are as described in the description and their use as orexin receptor antagonists.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds of the Formula (I): (Chemical formula should be inserted here as it appears on abstract in paper form) (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which can be useful for the treatment of diseases or conditions mediated by MMPs, ADAMs, TACE, aggrecanase, TNF- or combinations thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of acylthiourea or acylurea derivatives for the treatment of pathologies involving a tissue dysfunction associated with a deregulation of the Hedgehog protein signalling pathway, and also to novel acylthiourea or acylurea derivatives as such, to their use as a medicinal product, and to pharmaceutical compositions containing them.

Abstract: A first aspect of the invention relates to a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate, complex or pro-drug thereof, wherein: R3 is selected from cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl; R9 is a substituted 5 or 6-membered aryl or heteroaryl group or a 6,5- or 6,6-fused biaryl or heterobiaryl group. Compounds of formula (I) exhibit surprisingly high dual efficacies for human cathepsin S and K and are useful for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), atherosclerosis, cardiovascular diseases which exhibit significant damage and remodeling of extracellular matrix (ECM) and chronic pain.

Abstract: Novel compounds having a fused bicyclic heteroaromatic ring system substituted with a thiazole ring are disclosed. The compounds inhibit growth of a variety of types of cancer cells, and are thus useful for treating cancer. Efficacy of these compounds is demonstrated with a system for monitoring cell growth/migration, which shows they are potent inhibitors of growth and/or migration of cancer cells. In addition, compounds of the invention were shown to stop growth of tumors in vivo, and to reduce the size of tumors in vivo. Compositions comprising these compounds, and methods to use these compounds and compositions for treatment of cancers, are disclosed.

Abstract: Provided are certain benzothiazole, imidazothiazole, imidazopyrimidine and imidazopyridine compounds, including, for example: formula (I) and pharmaceutically and physiologically acceptable salts, hydrates, and solvates thereof. Such compounds can be used as diagnostic ligands or labels of tau protein and PHF.

Abstract: Provided herein are 5,5-fused heteroarylene hepatitis C virus inhibitor compounds, for example, of Formula I, IA, or IB, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds, and processes of preparation thereof. Also provided are methods of their use for the treatment of an HCV infection in a host in need thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel 2-aza-bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane derivatives of Formula (I) wherein A, B, n and R1 are as described in the description, and to the use of such compounds, or of pharmaceutically acceptable salts of such compounds, as medicaments, especially as orexin receptor antagonists.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds having pharmacological activity towards the 5-HT6 receptor, and more particularly to some N-imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole-5-sulfonamide derivatives, to processes of preparation of such compounds, to pharmaceutical compositions comprising them, and to their use for the treatment and or prophylaxis of a disease in which 5-HT6 is involved.

Abstract: The invention relates to thiazolidine derivatives of the formula (I) wherein A, B, and R1 are as described in the description, to salts, especially pharmaceutically acceptable salts, of such compounds and to their use as medicaments, especially as orexin receptor antagonists.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds having pharmacological activity towards the 5-HT6; receptor, and more particularly to some N-phenyl-2,3-dihydroimidazol[2,1-b]thiazole-5-sulfonamide derivatives, to processes of preparation of such compounds, to pharmaceutical compositions comprising them, and to their use for the treatment and or prophylaxis of a disease in which 5-HT6 is involved.

Abstract: A compound represented by the formula (I) or pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof exhibits an excellent CRF receptor antagonism wherein X is a nitrogen atom or CH; R1 is -A11-A12; A11 is a single bond or a C1-6 alkylene group; A12 is a hydrogen atom, a C1-6 alkyl group or a C3-6 cycloalkyl group, etc.; R2 is -A21-A22; A21 is a single bond or a C1-6 alkylene group; A22 is a hydrogen atom, a C1-6 alkyl group, a C3-6 cycloalkyl group, a non-aromatic heterocyclic group, or a heteroaryl group, etc.; R3 is a C1-6 alkyl group, a C3-6 cycloalkyl group, a C1-6 alkoxy group, a C3-6 cycloalkoxy C1-6 alkyl group, di-C1-6 alkyl amino group, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a formyl group, or a carboxyl group, etc; R4 is a hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkoxy group; R5 is a halogen atom, a C1-6 alkyl group, or a C1-6 alkoxy group; R6 is a hydrogen atom, a C1-6 alkyl group, a C1-6 alkoxy group, a C1-6 alkylthio group, or a C1-6 alkyl sulfinyl group etc.

Abstract: Substituted imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole compounds corresponding to formula I, a method for producing them, pharmaceutical compositions containing them, and the use thereof for regularing mGluR5 receptors, or for treating or inhibiting disorders or disease states at least partially mediated by mGluR5 receptor such as pain, anxiety attacks, drug or alcohol dependency, and others.

Abstract: The present invention provides an agent that modulates physiological condition of pests, wherein the agent has an ability to modulate the activity of an insect choline acetyltransferase; a method for assaying pesticidal activity of a test substance, which comprises measuring the activity of a choline acetyltransferase in a reaction system in which the choline acetyltransferase contacts with a test substance, and the like.

Abstract: A first aspect of the invention relates to a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate, complex or pro-drug thereof, wherein: R3 is selected from cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl; R9 is a substituted 5 or 6-membered aryl or heteroaryl group or a 6,5- or 6,6-fused biaryl or heterobiaryl group. Compounds of formula (I) exhibit surprisingly high dual efficacies for human cathepsin S and K and are useful for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), atherosclerosis, cardiovascular diseases which exhibit significant damage and remodeling of extracellular matrix (ECM) and chronic pain.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (II) and (IV) are provided, which may be employed as intermediates for making compounds useful in treating respiratory diseases.

Abstract: A compound of Formula I: Each variable is defined in the specification. This invention relates to a method of decreasing a level of a cytokine (e.g., TNF? or interlukine such as IL-1?) in a subject with a compound of Formula I. It also relates to a method of treating a disorder mediated by an overproduction of a cytokine with such a compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound represented by the formula (I) or (I?): wherein each symbol is as defined in the specification, or a salt thereof, and a PI3K and(or) mTOR inhibitor containing the compound or a prodrug thereof.

Abstract: This invention provides compounds of formula IA or IB: wherein R1, R2, G1 and HY are as described in the specification. The compounds are inhibitors of PI3K and/or mTor and are thus useful for treating proliferative, inflammatory, or cardiovascular disorders.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are antiviral agents, in particular non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) of the formula Also disclosed are methods of making the NNRTIs, as well as compositions that include such NNRTIs and methods of their use for treating viral infections, in particular retroviral infections, such as HIV infection.

Abstract: The present invention provides hydroxamic acid compounds, and methods of preparation of these compounds. The present invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the hydroxamic acid compounds. The present invention provides methods of treating a cell proliferative disorder, such as a cancer, by administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention.

Abstract: Provided herein are compounds of the formula where A1, A2, A3, A4, L, Q, R1, R2, R3, R4, Rx, Ry, Rz, X, Y1, Y2, Y4 and Z are as described herein, and compositions thereof that are useful in the treatment of inflammatory and immune conditions and diseases. In particular, the invention provides aryl nitrile compounds which modulate the expression and/or function of a chemokine receptor.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing an optically active ester by highly selectively esterifying one enantiomer of a racemic carboxylic acid, while producing an optically active carboxylic acid which is the other enantiomer. An optically active ester is produced while producing an optically active carboxylic acid at the same time by reacting a racemic carboxylic acid with a specific alcohol or phenol derivative in the presence of benzoic anhydride or a derivative thereof and a catalyst such as tetramisole or benzotetramisole, thereby selectively esterifying one enantiomer of the racemic carboxylic acid.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel compounds of formula (I) wherein the variables are as defined herein. The compounds of formula (I) are useful as kinase inhibitors and as such would be useful in treating certain conditions and diseases, especially inflammatory conditions and diseases and proliferative disorders and conditions, for example, cancers.

Abstract: The present invention is related to the a new process for the preparation of 6-substituted-imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole-5-sulfonyl halides of formula (I), comprising gradually adding a compound of formula (II), into a heated solution of R1SO3H where R1 represents F or Cl, and R2 represents H, F, Cl, Br, S, (C1-C6)alkyl, (C1-C6)alkoxy or trifluoromethyl.

Abstract: The invention relates to 3-aza-bicyclo[3.3.0]octane derivatives of the formula (I) wherein R1, R2, R3, and A are as described in the description and their use as orexin receptor antagonists.