Abstract: The present invention is a DNA intercalating agent represented by the structure Y—Z—Y, wherein Y is an anti-tumor bis-carbazole and Z is a linear arrangement of multiple aromatic rings, containing at least two aromatic rings, or at least two alicyclic rings, wherein the rings are linked in a 1,4 or 1,3 manner. Methods of inhibiting cancer cells and treating subjects having cancer with these agents are also provided.

Abstract: A photoelectric conversion device comprising an electrically conductive film, an organic photoelectric conversion film, and a transparent electrically conductive film, wherein the organic photoelectric conversion film contains a compound represented by the following formula (1) and an n-type organic semiconductor: wherein each of R1 and R2 independently represents a substituted aryl group, an unsubstituted aryl group, a substituted heteroaryl group or an unsubstituted heteroaryl group, each of R3 to R11 independently represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent provided that an acidic group is excluded, m represents 0 or 1, n represents an integer of 0 or more, R1 and R2, R3 and R4, R3 and R5, R5 and R6, R6 and R8, R7 and R8, R7 and R9, or R10 and R11 may be combined each other to form a ring, and when n is an integer of 2 or more, out of a plurality of R7's and R8's, a pair of R7's, a pair of R8's, or a pair of R7 and R8 may be combined each other to form a ring.

Abstract: A photorefractive dendron compound, a photorefractive dendrimer compound and applications thereof, and more particularly, a photorefractive dendron compound, including a non-linear chromophore containing a tricyanopyrroline-based electron-withdrawing group and a carbazole derivative having excellent charge transport properties, a method of preparing the photorefractive dendrimer compound, a photorefractive device including the photorefractive dendrimer compound, and a method of manufacturing the photorefractive device. In the photorefractive dendrimer compound, dendron has the non-linear optical chromophore and carbazole introduced thereto to thus impart one molecule with both photoconductivity and non-linear optical properties, thereby solving conventional problems caused by poor compatibility between photoconductive material and chromophores in conventional photorefractive material.

Abstract: It is an object to provide a novel method for synthesizing an anthracene derivative with the small number of steps. It is another object to provide a novel anthracene derivative. It is further another object to provide a light-emitting element, a light-emitting device, and an electronic device, each using the anthracene derivative. A method for synthesizing an anthracene derivative represented by a general formula (1) is provided by coupling a 9-arylanthracene derivative having an active site at a 10-position with a 9-arylcarbazole derivative having an active site in an aryl group using metal, a metal compound, or a metal catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel substance having an excellent color purity of blue, a light-emitting element and a light-emitting device using the novel substance. A stilbene derivative has a structure shown by the general formula (1). In the general formula (1), R1 is hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or an aryl group having 6 to 25 carbon atoms. R2 is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 25 carbon atoms. Each of R3 to R5 is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Ar1 is an aryl group having 6 to 25 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Disclosed here in are compounds and methods of diagnosing Alzheimer's Disease or a predisposition thereto in a mammal, the method comprising administering to the mammal a diagnostically effective amount of a radiolabeled compound, wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of radiolabeled flavones, coumarins, carbazoles, quinolinones, chromenones, imidazoles and triazoles derivatives, allowing the compound to distribute into the brain tissue, and imaging the brain tissue, wherein an increase in binding of the compound to the brain tissue compared to a normal control level of binding indicates that the mammal is suffering from or is at risk of developing Alzheimer's Disease

Abstract: Disclosed is an organic compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 1 that easily dissolves in an organic solvent, and that is applicable as a host material of an emission layer of an organic photoelectric device since it emits fluorescence and phosphorescence at a red wavelength through a blue wavelength.

Abstract: The present invention relates to fluorine derivatives and organic electronic devices in which said compounds are used as a matrix material in the emitting layer and/or as a hole transport material, and/or as an electron blocking or exciton blocking material, and/or as an electron transport material.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting device including a first electrode, a second electrode, and an organic layer interposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The organic layer includes at least one organosiloxane compound selected from organosiloxane compounds represented by An organic light-emitting device using the organosiloxane compound has a low operating voltage, high color purity, and high efficiency.

Abstract: A condensed-cyclic compound represented by Formula 1 and an organic light emitting diode including the same:

Abstract: A compound of formula (I), in which R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, X and Y have the meanings indicated in the description, and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. A pharmaceutical composition containing a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. A method for preparing the abovementioned compound of formula (I) and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing compound is represented by Formula 1 below: wherein R1a, R1b, R2a, and R2b are each independently a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C30 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C30 alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C30 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C30 aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C4-C30 heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C30 condensed polycyclic group, a hydroxy group, halogen, a cyano group, or a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, and adjacent groups selected from R1a, R1b, R2a, and R2b may join together to form a saturated or unsaturated carbon ring; n and m are each independently an integer of 0 to 5; Ar1a and Ar1b are each independently a C6-C30 aryl group which is unsubstituted or substituted by at least one fluorine or a C4-C30 heteroaryl group which is unsubstituted or substituted by at least one fluorine; and Ar2 is a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C30 aryl group or a substituted

Abstract: A novel high-performance material is provided. A certain aspect of the present invention lies in a 2,3-bis(N,N-bis(p-anisyl)4-aminophenylethynyl)dimethylfumarate producing method, characterized by illuminating light onto 2,3-bis(N,N-bis(p-anisyl)4-aminophenylethynyl)dimethylmaleate. Also, a further certain aspect of the present invention lies in a 2,3-bis(N,N-bis(p-anisyl)4-aminophenylethynyl)dimethylmaleate producing method, characterized by illuminating light onto 2,3-bis(N,N-bis(p-anisyl)4-aminophenylethynyl)dimethylfumarate. According to this constitution, there can be obtained a high-performance material by a simple technique.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compounds represented by Formula 1. Compositions and light-emitting devices related thereto are also disclosed.

Abstract: Provided are a cyclopentaphenanthrene-based compound and an organoelectroluminescent device employing the same. The cyclopentaphenanthrene-based compound is easy to prepare and excellent in solubility, color purity, color stability, and thermal stability. The cyclopentaphenanthrene-based compound is useful as a material for forming an organic layer, in particular, an emitting layer, in an organoelectroluminescent device, and as an organic dye or an electronic material such as a nonlinear optical material.

Abstract: Organic dyes and photoelectric conversion devices are provided. The Organic dye has the structure represented by formula (I), wherein, n is an integral of 2-11; the plurality of X is independent and elected from the group consisting of and combinations thereof; R, R1, and R2 comprise hydrogen, halogen, C1-18 alkyl group, C1-18 alkoxy group, C3-18 heteroalkyl group, C3-20 aryl group, C3-20 heteroaryl group, C3-20 cycloaliphatic group or C3-20 cycloalkyl group, or R1 is connected to R2 to form a ring having 5-14 members; R3 comprise hydrogen, halogen, nitro group, amino group, C1-18 alkyl group, C1-18 alkoxy group, C1-18 sulfanyl group, C3-18 heteroalkyl group, C3-20 aryl group, C3-20 heteroaryl group, C3-20 cycloaliphatic group or C3-20 cycloalkyl group; and Z is hydrogen, alkali metal, or quaternary ammonium salt.

Abstract: A material for organic electroluminescence device with specific structure having poor symmetry. An an organic electroluminescence device comprising a cathode, an anode and an organic thin film layer which is sandwiched between the cathode and the anode and comprises at least one layer, wherein at least one layer in the organic thin film layer contains a material for the organic electroluminescence device described above. An organic electroluminescence device with excellent efficiency of light emission, without pixel defects and which is superior in heat resistance is obtained.

Abstract: A fluorene-based derivative having a specific structure and an organic electro-luminescence device in which an organic thin film layer comprising a single layer or plural layers including at least a light emitting layer is sandwiched between a cathode and an anode, wherein at least one layer of the organic thin film layers described above comprises the above fluorene-based derivative having a specific structure in the form of a single component or a mixed component. The organic electroluminescence device has a high luminous efficiency, and the fluorene-based derivative materializes the same.

Abstract: Disclosed is an organic compound that easily dissolves in an organic solvent, and that is applicable as a host material of an emission layer of an organic photoelectric device since it emits fluorescence and phosphorescence at a red wavelength through a blue wavelength. The organic compound according to one embodiment of the present invention is represented by Chemical Formula 1. In the above Chemical Formula 1, X1 to X24, Ar1 to Ar3, and Ar? to Ar??, and Chemical Formulae 2 to 5, are as described in the specification. The organic compound easily dissolves in an organic solvent, and is applicable as a host material of an emission layer of an organic photoelectric device since it emits fluorescence and phosphorescence at a red wavelength through a blue wavelength.

Abstract: Provided are a carbazole-based compound represented by Formula 1 below and an organic light-emitting device including an organic layer including the carbazole-based compound: wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, and R14 are as defined in the specification. The carbazole-based compound has good electrical characteristics and charge transport capability, and thus, is useful as a hole injection material, a hole transport material, and/or an emitting material for fluorescent or phosphorescent devices capable of producing light of a full spectrum of colors, including red, green, blue, and white, thereby making it possible to produce an organic light-emitting device with high efficiency, a low driving voltage, and high brightness.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel compound that is capable of largely improving lifespan, efficiency, electrochemical stability and thermal stability of the organic light emitting device, and an organic light emitting device in which the compound is included in an organic compound layer.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent element comprising a light emission layer and a hole blocking layer adjacent to the light emission layer, wherein, (i) the light emission layer contains a compound having a specified partial structure and having a molecular weight of not more than 1700; and (ii) the hole blocking layer contains a derivative selected from the group consisting of a styryl derivative, a boron derivative and a carboline derivative.

Abstract: A novel aromatic compound having an anthracene skeleton structure and an asymmetric molecular structure; and an organic electroluminescence device which comprises a cathode, an anode and an organic thin film layer comprising at least one layer containing a light emitting layer and sandwiched between the cathode and the anode in which at least one layer in the organic thin film layer contains the above novel aromatic compound singly or as a component of a mixture. The organic electroluminescence device exhibits a great luminance of emitted light, a great efficiency of light emission and a high purity of color, emits bluish light, is excellent in stability at high temperatures and has a long life. The organic electroluminescence device can be provided by utilizing the novel aromatic compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a material for an organic electro-optical device and an organic electro-optical device including the same. More particularly, the present invention relates to a material having thermal stability of a glass transition temperature of 120° C. or more and a thermal decomposition temperature of 450° C. or more, and being capable of providing an organic electro-optical device having high efficiency and a long life-span due to less crystallization and improved amorphous properties in a material for an organic electro-optical device. The material for an organic electro-optical device can be used singularly or as a host material in combination with a dopant, and includes an asymmetric fluorene derivative compound. An organic electro-optical device including the material for an organic electro-optical device is also provided.

Abstract: Norbornene monomers with fluorene group and polymer material thereof are disclosed. The norbornene monomers with fluorene group are prepared by Diels-Alder reation. The Norbornene monomers containing fluorene groups are highly active for ring-opening-metathesis polymerization (ROMP), and the molecular weight and PDI value of the obtained polymers are controllable.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is crystalline carvedilol dihydrogen phosphate monohydrate having high aqueous solubility and the process for preparation thereof. The invention further discloses methods for treating hypertension, congestive heart failure and angina in a mammal, using pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compound of invention.

Abstract: A carbazole compound represented by Formula 1: wherein X1, X2 and X3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C20 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C20 alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C30 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C30 arylalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C30 heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C20 cycloalkyl group and a substituted or unsubstituted C5-C30 heterocycloalkyl group; and l, m and n are each independently an integer from 0 to 5.

Abstract: Compounds (including polymers) for use in hybrid host materials which can be used in electroluminescent devices. The compounds comprise at least one electron-transporting moiety and at least one hole-transporting moiety which are joined by a flexible linker. Hybrid host materials comprising the compounds exhibit stability against phase separation, elevated glass transition temperature, morphological stability against crystallization, and isolation of the electron transporting moiety and hole transporting moiety ?-systems.

Abstract: An object is to provide a novel substance which exhibits blue light emission with excellent color purity, and to provide a light emitting element and a light emitting device using the novel substance. A stilbene derivative represented by the general formula (G1) is provided. Note that in the general formula (G1), each of A1 and B1 represents any one of structures represented by the following general formulae (G1-1) to (G1-4). In addition, in each of the general formulae (G1-1) to (G1-4), each of R1 to R24 represents any one of hydrogen and an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Such a stilbene derivative can exhibit blue light emission with excellent color purity.

Abstract: The novel positively charged pro-drugs of NSAIAs in the general formulas (1, 2a, 2b, 2c, or 2d) “Structure 1, 2a, 2b, 2c, or 2d” were designed and synthesized. The compounds of the general formulas (1, 2a, 2b, 2c, or 2d) “Structure 1, 2a, 2b, 2c, or 2d” indicated above can be prepared from metal salts, organic base salts, or immobilized base salts of NSAIAs with suitable halide compounds. The positively charged amino groups in the pro-drugs in this invention largely increase the solubility of the drugs in water and will bond to the negative charge on the phosphate head group of membrane. Thus, the local concentration of the outside of the membrane or skin will be very high and will facilitate the passage of these pro-drugs from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration. This bonding will disturb the membrane a little bit and may make some room for the lipophilic portion of the pro-drug.

Abstract: The present invention provides: an organic compound increasing an open circuit voltage, and showing high photoelectric conversion efficiency; a semiconductor film electrode employing the organic compound as a dye; a photoelectric conversion element employing the semiconductor film electrode; and a photoelectrochemical solar cell employing the photoelectric conversion element.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a salt of carvedilol and/or corresponding solvates thereof, compositions containing such carvedilol and/or corresponding solvates thereof, and/or methods of using the aforementioned compound(s) in the treatment of certain disease states in mammals, in particular man. The present invention further relates to carvedilol phosphate salts, and/or solvates thereof, which include a novel crystalline form of carvedilol dihydrogen phosphate (i.e., which is the dihydrogen phosphate salt of 1-(carbazol-4-yloxy-3-[[2-(o-methoxyphenoxy)ethyl]amino]-2-propanol) and/or carvedilol hydrogen phosphate, etc.) and/or other corresponding solvates thereof, compositions containing these carvedilol phosphate salts and/or solvates, and methods of using the aforementioned salts and/or solvates to treat hypertension, congestive heart failure and angina, etc.

Abstract: A 3,6-diphenylcarbazole compound, which has a specific formula and realizes an organic electroluminescent device having high durability and high luminous efficiency. An electroluminescent device which includes an anode; a cathode which faces the anode; and at least one layer including a luminescent layer, optionally a hole transporting layer and an electron transporting layer, which is located between the anode and the cathode, wherein the at least one layer includes the 3,6-diphenylcarbazole compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an organic electroluminescent (OEL) compound that comprises at least one fluorene derivative and at least one carbazole derivative. The compound has good electrical properties, light emitting properties and charge transport ability, and thus is suitable as a host material suitable for fluorescent and phosphorescent dopants of all colors including red, green, blue, white, etc., and as a charge transport material. An OEL display device that uses an organic layer that includes the OEL compound has a high efficiency, a low voltage, a high luminance, and a long lifespan because it has superior current density.

Abstract: The invention discloses a novel carbazole derivative which has at least two carbazole structures in the molecule, can form a stable amorphous film by itself at normal temperature or higher, has a high glass transition temperature, and can be suitably used as an organo-electronic functional material. The following compound having the formula is mentioned as a representative example.

Abstract: A blue light emitting compound is provided. The blue light emitting compound has a structure of the following Chemical Formula 1: wherein A1, A2, and A3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group, a hetero ring group, and an aliphatic group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of 1,4-butanediol mononitrate as intermediate for large scale preparation of high purity nitrooxybutyl ester of pharmaceutically active compounds.

Abstract: Disclosed are a monomer of iridium complex having a fluoro group as a functional group, a monomer of carbazole derivative having a hydroxy group as the functional group, and a copolymer containing the monomers in its main chain. The iridium complex used as a phosphorescent material and the carbazole derivative having an excellent hole transporting capability are synthesized as the monomer to form the copolymer. The content of iridium complex is easily controlled, and the carbazole derivative and iridium complex are contained in the main chain during the copolymer formation, thereby capable of manufacturing a light emitting device with higher heat resistance and chemical stability.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of inducing expression of an epigenetically silenced gene, RASSF1A, in cells, particularly human cells, such as cancer cells. It also relates to methods of treating an individual, prophylactically or therapeutically, for cancer in which RASSF1A is epigenetically silenced.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a benzocarbazole-intercalated layered double hydroxides (LDHs) composite luminescent material and its preparation method. The detailed procedure comprises preparing divalent and trivalent metal cation solution A and glycol solution B of sodium 2-hydroxy benzo[a]carbazole-3-carboxylate, mixing the solutions A and B to obtain solution C, slowly adding the prepared NaOH solution dropwise into the solution C, regulating pH of the resultant after dropwise addition to obtain slurry D, allowing the slurry D to react under water bath or microwave temperature-controlled heating condition, centrifuging and washing the obtained product, and drying in vacuum to obtain 2-hydroxy benzo[a]carbazole-3-carboxylate anion intercalated LDHs composite material.

Abstract: The present invention discloses synthesis of 2,2?-disubstituted 9,9?-spirobifluorene-based triaryldiamine. First, 2,2?-diamino-9,9?-spirobifluorene, a Pd-catalyst as auxiliary and aryl halide BX are provided, wherein X is selected from the group consisting of: Cl, Br and I, B comprises one of the following group: aryl moiety, hetero cycle, multiple fused ring, multiple fused ring with hetero atom(s). Next, a substitution reaction is performed to react the 2,2?-diamino-9,9?-spirobifluorene with the aryl halide BX to produce the 2,2?-disubstituted 9,9?-spirobifluorene-based triaryldiamines. In addition, the present invention discloses organic light emitting devices comprising hole transporting material comprising 2,2?-bis(N,N-disubstituted amino)-9,9?-spirobifluorenes.

Abstract: A photopolymerization initiator is provided. The photopolymerization initiator contains at least one unsaturated double bond and at least one oxime ester group in the molecule. The photopolymerization initiator comprises a compound represented by Formula 1 or 2: wherein R1 and R2 are each independently —CH3, —C2H5, —C3H7 or —C6H5; wherein R3, R4 and R5 are each independently —CH3, —C2H5, —C3H7 or —C6H5. Further provided is a photosensitive resin composition comprising the photopolymerization initiator. The use of the photosensitive resin composition in photolithography reduces the formation of volatile residue during post-development baking.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of carvedilol of formula (I) (I) either in enantiomeric substantially pure form, or as an enantiomeric mixture, optionally as a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which process comprises reacting 2,3-eopxypropoxy carbazole of formula (II) (II) or the R or S enantiomer thereof, with N-[2-(2-methoxy-phenoxy)ethyl]-benzylamine of formula (V) (V) to yield benzyl carvedilol of formula (VI) (VI) which is debenzylated by catalytic hydrogenation to yield carvedilol of formula (I), either in enantiomeric substantially pure form, or as an enantiomeric mixture, and if desired reacting the thus formed carvedilol of formula (I) with an inorganic or organic acid to yield a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and/or, if desired, separating the enantiomers. The above process is characterised in that reaction of said 2,3-epoxypropoxy carbazole of formula (II) with said N-[2-(2-methoxy-phenoxy)ethyl]-benzylamine of formula (V) is carried out in water as the reaction medium.

Abstract: Provided herein are compounds and compositions which comprise the formulae as disclosed herein, wherein the compound is an amyloid binding compound. An amyloid binding compound according to the invention may be administered to a patient in amounts suitable for in vivo imaging of amyloid deposits, and distinguish between neurological tissue with amyloid deposits and normal neurological tissue. Amyloid probes of the invention may be used to detect and quantitate amyloid deposits in diseases including, for example, Down's syndrome, familial Alzheimer's Disease. In another embodiment, the compounds may be used in the treatment or prophylaxis of neurodegenerative disorders. Also provided herein are methods of allowing the compound to distribute into the brain tissue, and imaging the brain tissue, wherein an increase in binding of the compound to the brain tissue compared to a normal control level of binding indicates that the mammal is suffering from or is at risk of developing a neurodegenerative disease.

Abstract: An anthracene derivative is disclosed, and a light-emitting element, a light-emitting device, an electronic device, and a lighting device using the anthracene derivatives are demonstrated. The structure of the anthracene derivative is described in detail in the specification. The use of the anthracene derivative enables the production of a blue emissive light-emitting element having high emission efficiency, excellent purity of emission color, and a long lifetime, which contributes to the production of a high-performance light-emitting device, electronic device, and lighting device.

Abstract: Disclosed is a compound which is an organic semiconductor material having excellent charge transport property. Specifically, disclosed is a compound represented by the following formula (1). (In the formula (1), R1-R4 independently represent a hydrogen atom, or a group selected from the group consisting of alkyl groups having 1-18 carbon atoms and groups represented by the following formula (2): R7?O—R8?a??(2) (2) (wherein R7 represents an alkyl group having 1-18 carbon atoms; R8 represents an alkylene group having 1-20 carbon atoms; a represents an integer of 1-5, and when a is 2 or more, R8's may be the same as or different from each other), and at least one of R1-R4 represents a group represented by the formula (2); R5 and R6 independently represent an alkyl group having 1-18 carbon atoms; and m and n independently represent an integer of 0-4.

Abstract: It is an object to provide a novel bipolar organic compound. In particular, it is an object to provide a bipolar organic compound excellent in thermal stability. Further, it is another object to provide a bipolar organic compound which is electrochemically stable. A quinoxaline derivative represented by a general formula (1) is provided. Further, since the quinoxaline derivative represented by the general formula (1) is bipolar, the use of the quinoxaline derivative of the present invention allows fabrication of a light-emitting element and a light-emitting device with a low driving voltage and low power consumption. Furthermore, a light-emitting element with high luminous efficiency can be obtained.

Abstract: An oxime ester compound represented below is useful as a photopolymerization initiator. A photopolymerization initiator including this as an active constituent has high sensitivity and causes no concern about coloration or contamination. (X represents a halogen atom or alkyl group. R1, R2, and R3 each independently represent R, OR, COR, SR, CONRR?, or CN, wherein R and R? each represent an alkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, or a heterocyclic group; these groups may be substituted with (a) halogen atom(s) and/or (a) heterocyclic group(s); the alkylene moiety in the alkyl or aralkyl group may be interrupted by (an) unsaturated bond(s), (an) ether bond(s), (a) thioether bond(s), or (an) ester bond(s); and R and R? may form a ring. Y1 represents an oxygen, sulfur, or selenium atom; A represents a heterocyclic group; m represents an integer 0-4; p represents an integer 0-5; and q represents 0 or 1.

Abstract: Novel monoaminofluorene compounds are provided, and organic light-emitting devices which exhibit good luminescence hue of extremely high purity and have optical output with high luminescence efficiency, high luminance and longer operating life are provided using the compounds.

Abstract: The present invention provides organoselenium compounds comprising dibenzoselenophene, benzo[b]selenophene or benzo[c]selenophene and their uses in organic light emitting devices.