Abstract: Liquid hydroxyurethane products having cyclocarbonate end groups are prepared by reacting a molar excess of a bis-carbonate of a bis-glycidyl ether of neopentyl glycol or 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol with a polyoxyalkylenediamine such as a polyoxypropylenediamine. These products are useful for the preparation of polyurethanes, polyurethane polyols, polyester polyurethane polyols, and polycarbonate polyurethane polyols.

Abstract: Alkenyl or alkyl succinimide additives which are the reaction product of a high molecular weight alkenyl- or alkyl-substituted succinic anhydride and a polyalkylene polyamine having an average of greater than 4 nitrogen atoms per mole, wherein the reaction product is post-treated with a cyclic carbonate, are compatible with fluorocarbon engine seals and, for concentration levels at which fluorocarbon seal compatibility is achieved, possess improved dispersancy and/or detergency properties when employed in lubricating oils and fuels,

Abstract: Enriched enantiomers of glycerol Carbonate are produced under the influence of a hydrolytic enzyme, either by selective esterification of racemic glycerol carbonate or by selective hydrolysis of an ester of the racemate. The enriched enantiomeric product is readily converted to starting materials and intermediates useful in the synthesis of enantiomerically pure therapeutic agents, such as .beta.-adrenergic blockers.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of recovering a cyclic alkylene carbonate, such as propylene carbonate, from an effluent stream of a process in which the cyclic alkylene carbonate removes an organic photoresist material from a substrate. The effluent is a cyclic alkylene carbonate effluent, e.g., a propylene carbonate effluent, of the carbonate, water, and polymeric solids. In the recovery process the cyclic alkylene carbonate effluent is fed to a heat exchanger, and separated into (i) water and volatiles, and (ii) cyclic carbonate. This lowers the concentration of water in the cyclic alkylene carbonate to a level that is low enough to substantially avoid hydrolysis of cyclic alkylene carbonate to the corresponding glycol. The dewatered cyclic alkylene carbonate is evaporated to separate the cyclic alkylene carbonate from high boiling materials and polymeric solids. The dewatered cyclic alkylene carbonate is separated into (i) a cyclic alkylene carbonate fraction, and (ii) a photoresist solids fraction.

Abstract: Isolation of a new taxane having pharmaceutical activity, 1a 14-beta-hydroxy-10-deacetyl-baccatine III and hemisynthesis of some derivatives useful as antitumor agents and intermediates.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compounds of structural formula (I) ##STR1## which are useful as cholesterol lowering agents. These compounds are also useful as inhibitors of squalene synthase, inhibitors of fungal growth, inhibitors of farnesyl-protein transferase and farnesylation of the oncogene protein Ras. These compounds are also useful in the treatment of cancer.

Abstract: A process is provided for the conversion of an olefin to the corresponding glycol wherein a mixture of olefin, oxygen, carbon dioxide and water is reacted in a solvent at supercritical conditions with respect to the reaction mixture.

Abstract: Macrocyclic enediynediols and enediynediones having a ten carbon ring and open chain enediyne dihydroperoxides having eight carbons between the hydroperoxide groups that cleave DNA are disclosed, as are methods of making and using the same.

Abstract: A method for the manufacture of alkylene carbonates is disclosed. Alkylene carbonates that are free of halogen contaminants are prepared by reacting alkylene oxides and carbon dioxide in the presence of a catalyst selected from the group consisting of cerous acetate, ceric ammonium nitrate, cerous nitrate hexahydrate, and ceric potassium nitrate.

Abstract: A Derivative of 5-hetero-6-oxo-PGE A derivative of 5-hetero-6-oxo-PGE of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is (1) a group of the formula: COOR11(2) hydroxymethylcarbonyl,(3) hydroxymethyl or(4) a group of the formula:CO--AAwherein AA is an amino acid-residue,Z is oxygen, sulfur or a group of the formula: NR21 wherein R21 is hydrogen or alkyl of C1--4;R2 is a single-bond or alkylene of C1--4;R3 isi) alkyl of C1-7,ii) cycloalkyl of C4-7 or cycloalkyl of C4-7 substituted by alkyl of C1-7,iii) phenyl, phenoxy, phenyl or phenoxy substituted by one group selected from alkyl of C1-4, halogen and trihalomethyl, is single-bond or a double bond.Possess PG-like activity, especially cytoprotection, and therefore are useful for treatment for and/or prevention of cytodamage.

Abstract: Stable, optically active enantiomers of substituted glyceraldehydes or glycidaldehydes are synthesized by using osmium-catalyzed asymmetric dihydroxylation of an olefin which is a substituted 1,5-dihydro-3H-2,4-benzodioxepine. For example, the protected glyceraldehyde, 3-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)-1,5-dihydro-3H-2,4-benzodioxepine and the protected glycidaldehyde, 3-(1,2-epoxyethyl)-1,5-dihydro-3H-2,4-benzodioxepine have been synthesized and the optical enantiomer has been recovered. In the synthetic and isolation methods, enantiomers with high enantiomeric excess are recovered from the mother liquor following a recrystallization step.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 2-oxo-1, 3-dioxolanes comprises reacting an epoxy compound having at least one functional epoxy group in the optional presence of an inert solvent with carbon dioxide at 60.degree. C. to 200.degree. C. at normal pressure in the presence of a quaternary phosphonium compound as catalyst and novel quaternary phosphonium compounds useful as catalysts in the said process.

Abstract: The novel triacetylenic dioxolone antifungal compound of this invention is isolated from the EV-22 complex of this invention which is elaborated by the microorganism Microbispora sp. SCC 1438, ATCC 53620.

Abstract: A curable compound carrying groups containing basic nitrogen, essentially comprising structural units derived fromA) a compound which contains, on average, at least one preferably terminal 2-oxo-1,3-diololane group per molecule, withB) a secondary diamine containing hydroxyl groups in the .beta.-positions to the secondary amino groups, it also being possible for this amine to contain blocked primary amino groups, and, if appropriate,C) a difunctional amine containing at least one free primary amino group and, if appropriate, at least one secondary amino group.

Abstract: Organic carbonates: ##STR1## and cyclic organic carbonates: ##STR2## are prepared by reacting an alcohol (R--OH), or respectively a diol (HO--R'--OH), with carbon monoxide, in the presence of:a halogen, ora halogen and/or a halide ion and an oxidizing agent.

Abstract: New amino acid esters, a process for their preparation, medicaments containing them, and the use thereof The invention relates to amino acid esters of the formula I ##STR1## in which n is 1 or 2, R, R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 denote hydrogen or a defined radical, R.sup.4 together with R.sup.5 and the atoms carrying them form a heterocyclic ring system, to a process for their preparation, to agents containing them, and to the use thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a two-stage liquid phase process wherein an alk-2-enyl glycidyl ether having the formula ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen or lower alkyl; R' is C.sub.2 to C.sub.4 alkylene; n has a value of from 1 to 4 and n' has a value of from 0 to 4, is catalytically isomerized to the corresponding alk-1-enyl glycidyl ether in the first-stage of the reaction and the reaction mixture of the first-stage, containing the isomerization catalyst is then contacted with carbon dioxide in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst under a pressure ranging from atmospheric to about 400 psig in the second stage of the reaction.

Abstract: A method of preparing five- and six-membered cyclic carbonates is disclosed. The process comprises reacting a 1,2- or 1,3-diol with an acyclic diester of carbonic acid in the presence of a catalyst selected from alkylammonium salts, tertiary amines, and ion-exchange resins containing alkylammonium or tertiary amino groups. Cyclic carbonates free of polycarbonate by-products are obtained in high yields.

Abstract: Novel 12-halogenated forskolin derivatives, intermediates and processes for the preparation thereof, and methods for reducing intraocular pressure utilizing compounds or compositions thereof are disclosed.

Abstract: A method of regioselectively and stereoselectively synthesizing forskolin (8,13-epoxy-1.alpha.,6.beta.,7.beta.,9.alpha.-tetrahydroxylabd-14-en-11-on e) from 9-deoxyforskolin (8,13-epoxy-1.alpha.,6.beta.,7.beta.-trihydroxylabd-14-en-11-one) with a good yield is described. In a preferred embodiment, it comprises an enol ether formation from 8,13-epoxy-1.alpha.,6.beta.,7.beta.-trihydroxylabd-14-en-11-one-6,7-carbon ate, oxidation of the enol ether with a suitable peroxy acid to obtain 11,12-dehydro-8,13-epoxy-11-methoxy-1.alpha.,6.beta.,7.beta.,9.alpha.-tetr ahydrolabd-14-ene-6,7-carbonate and hydrolysis of the latter under an acidic condition to obtain 8,13-epoxy-1.alpha.,6.beta.,7.beta.,9.alpha.-tetrahydroxylabd-14-en-11-one -6,7-carbonate. As an alternative way of protecting the two hydroxy groups at carbon-6 and carbon-7, they may also be converted to dimethyl acetal during the synthetic sequence. Four compounds produced in the synthetic scheme as intermediates, namely, 9,11-dehydro-8,13-epoxy-11-methoxy-1.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for preparing alkylene carbonates which comprises reacting the corresponding alkylene glycol and urea, optionally in the presence of a catalyst comprising a tin-containing compound, and represented by the equation: ##STR1## where R represents an alkyl group containing 1 to 16 carbons.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel biphenyl derivative having a liver ailment-moderating action and effective as a remedy for acute hepatitis and chronic hepatitis, a process for the preparation of this biphenyl derivative and a liver ailment-moderating agent comprising this diphenyl derivative as an effective ingredient. This diphenyl derivative is represented by the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.0 and R.sub.1 independently stand for a lower alkyl group or R.sub.0 and R.sub.1 together represent a group O.dbd.C<, R.sub.2 stands for an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 independently stand for a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group.

Abstract: This invention relates to triyne cyclic carbonates that are useful in the treatment of fungal diseases and hypercholesterolemic conditions.

Abstract: (5-methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolen-4-yl)methyl 2-(2,6-dichloroanilino)phenylacetate is disclosed as a novel compound possessing strong valuable pharmacological properties accompanied by surprisingly weak side-effects as well as a process for preparing the new compound.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein A is a carbocyclic, saturated or unsaturated ring; R.sup.1 is hydrogen or alkyl; R and R.sup.4 are each alkyl, cycloalkyl, benzyl or a readily hydrolyzable ester group; Y is a bond or a straight or branch alkylene; R.sup.2 is hydrogen, aryl, heterocyclic, R.sup.6 CONR.sup.5, R.sup.7 NR.sup.5 CO, R.sup.7 NR.sup.5 SO.sub.2 --or R.sup.8 SO.sub.2 NR.sup.5 --where R.sup.5 is hydrogen, alkyl or aralkyl; R.sup.6 is alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heterocyclic, heterocyclyalkyl or a group of the formula ##STR2## where R.sup.9 is hydrogen, hydroxy, alkoxy, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aralkyl, alkylene, heterocyclic, heterocyclylalkyl, R.sup.12 CONH--, R.sup.12 SO.sub.2 NH-- or (R.sup.13).sub.2 N--; R.sup.10 and R.sup.11 are each hydrogen or alkyl; or R.sup.10 is hydrogen and R.sup.11 is aminoalkyl, imidazolylmethyl, aryl, aralkyl, aralkoxyalkoxy, hydroxyalkyl or methylthioalkyl; or R.sup.10 and R.sup.

Abstract: 3,4-Dihydroxytetrahydrofuran carbonate of the structural formula: ##STR1## and a Process for the Production thereof.

Abstract: Novel labdanes, intermediates and processes for the preparation thereof, and methods for reducing intraocular pressure utilizing compounds or compositions thereof are disclosed.

Abstract: The novel triacetylenic dioxolone antifungal compound of this invention is isolated from the EV-22 complex of this invention which is elaborated by the microorganism Microbispora sp. SCC 1438, ATCC 53620.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel cephalosporin derivatives, processes for preparing thereof, compositions for preventing and/or treating infectious diseases which comprise the novel cephalosporin derivatives as active components, and the intermediate compounds in the synthesis of cephalosporin derivatives and processes for producing thereof.The present invention is based on the selection of groups containing a condensed heterocyclic ring, particularly a triazolopyrimidine ring or a thiadiazolopyrimidine ring, as substituents at the 3-position of the cephem skeleton, and of groups containing a catechol moiety, particularly a catechol carboxymethyloxyimino moiety or a catechol carboxyimino moiety, as substituents at the 7-position of the cephem skeleton.The compounds of the present invention containing the aforementioned substituents have a strong antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria and also against Gram-positive bacteria including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Abstract: Prodrugs of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutarylcoenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors which are useful as antihypercholesterolemic agents and are represented by the following general structural formula (I): ##STR1## are disclosed.

Abstract: A method and composition for the immunization of healthy useful plants against plant diseases containing as active ingredients compounds of formula ##STR1## in which: X is hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy, methyl, methoxy, HOOC or MOOC;Y is hydrogen, halogen, SO.sub.3 H, SO.sub.3 M, nitro, hydroxy or amino, M being the molar equivalent of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal ion that is formed from a corresponding base or basic compound; andZ is cyano or --CO--A;A represents either --OH or --SH, the hydrogen atom of which may also be replaced by the molar equivalent of an inorganic or organic cationic residue,or wherein A represents any other organic residue which has a molecular weight of less than 900 and which may also contain one, or more than one, hetero atom, including the salts of the phytophysiologically tolerable 7-carboxylic acid or 7-thiocarboxylic acid with primary, secondary or tertiary amines or with inorganic bases.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel biphenyl derivative having a liver ailment-moderating action and effective as a remedy for acute hepatitis and chronic hepatitis, a process for the preparation of this biphenyl derivative and a liver ailment-moderating agent comprising this diphenyl derivative as an effective ingredient. This diphenyl derivative is represented by the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.0 and R.sub.1 independently stand for a lower alkyl group or R.sub.0 and R.sub.1 together represent a group O.dbd.C<, R.sub.2 stands for an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 independently stand for a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group.

Abstract: This invention relates to acetylenic cyclic carbonates that are useful in the treatment of fungal diseases and hypercholesterolemic conditions.

Abstract: This invention relates to acetylenic esters that are useful in the treatment of fungal diseases and hypercholesterolemic conditions.

Abstract: A method of regioselectively and stereoselectively synthesizing forskolin (8,13-epoxy-1.alpha.,6.beta.,7.beta.,9.alpha.-tetrahydroxylabd-14-en-11-on e) from 9-deoxyforskolin (8,13-epoxy-1.alpha.,6.beta.,7.beta.-trihydroxylabd-14-en-11-one) with a good yield is described. In a preferred embodiment, it comprises an enol ether formation from 8,13-epoxy-1.alpha.,6.beta.,7.beta.-trihydroxylabd-14-en-11-one-6,7-carbon ate, oxidation of the enol ether with a suitable peroxy acid to obtain 11,12-dehydro-8,13-epoxy-11-methoxy-1.alpha.,6.beta.,7.beta.,9.alpha.-tetr ahydrolabd-14-ene-6,7-carbonate and hydrolysis of the latter under an acidic condition to obtain 8,13-epoxy-1.alpha.,6.beta.,7.beta.,9.alpha.-tetrahydroxylabd-11-one-6,7-c arbonate. As an alternative way of protecting the two hydroxy groups at carbon-6 and carbon-7, they may also be converted to dimethyl acetal during the synthetic sequence. Four compounds produced in the synthetic scheme as intermediates, namely, 9,11-dehydro-8,13-epoxy-11-methoxy-1.alpha.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of 2-oxo-1,3-dioxolanes by reaction of epoxides with carbon dioxide in the presence of a catalyst, wherein at least one epoxy compound is mixed with at least one catalyst in the presence or absence of an inert solvent and is reacted at temperatures from 40.degree. to 180.degree. C. while introducing carbon dioxide at normal pressure or slightly increased pressure to form the corresponding organic carbonates. The 2-oxo-1,3-dioxolanes obtained are used to prepare synthetic resins containing urethane groups in the form of coatings and molded bodies.

Abstract: Cyclic carbonates are prepared by reacting a 1,3-diol or 1,2-diol with a dialkylcarbonate in the presence of a basic catalyst. They are obtained in higher yields with higher purity by subjecting the reaction mixture to heat aging under vacuum in the presence of the basic catalyst, and recovering the cyclic carbonate from the mixture.

Abstract: Cromoglycic acid derivatives of the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is an .alpha.-, .beta.- or .gamma.-amino acid residue (for ester bonding) whose amino group may optionally be substituted by at least one lower alkyl group, and R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each independently is a lower alkyloxy-substituted or an unsubstituted lower alkyl group, an 1-alkanoyloxyalkyl group, an 1-alkoxycarbonyloxyalkyl group, a phthalidyl group or a 5-methyl-1,3-dioxol-2-on-4-ylmethyl group; nontoxic salts thereof; and pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds. Since the compounds have antiallergic activity and are readily absorbable into the blood stream, they are useful as oral antiallergic agents.

Abstract: Prodrugs of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutarylcoenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors which are useful as antihypercholesterolemic agents and are represented by the following general structural formula (I): ##STR1## are disclosed.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 2-oxo-1,3-dioxolanes by reaction of epoxides with carbon dioxide in the presence of alkali iodides wherein at least one epoxy compound is reacted in the presence or absence of inert solvent either with a combination of A) at least one alkali iodide and B) at least one compound of the group a) polyol and b) an ether or polyether or, if the epoxy compound already has the structural features of the compounds Ba) and Bb), with the alkali iodide A) alone, at temperatures from 40.degree. to 180.degree. C. while introducing carbon dioxide at normal pressure or at slightly increased pressure, to form the corresponding organic carbonates. The 2-oxo-1,3-dioxolanes obtained are used for the preparation of synthetic resins, containing urethane groups, in the form of coatings of molded bodies.

Abstract: A process for reacting in admixture, an olefin with oxygen, CO, and water, to form a cyclic alkylene carbonate, in the presence of a catalyst composition comprising a catalytically active osmium compound, copper containing co-catalyst I (e.g. CuBr.sub.2) and a co-catalyst II (e.g. pyridine) is disclosed.

Abstract: A method of regioselectively and stereoselectively synthesizing forskolin (8,13-epoxy-1.alpha.,6.beta.,7.beta.,9.alpha.-tetrahydroxy-labd-14-en-11-o ne) from 9-deoxyforskolin (8,13-epoxy-1.alpha.,6.beta.,7.beta.-trihydroxylabd-14-en-11-one) with a good yield is described. In a preferred embodiment, it comprises an enol ether formation from 8,13-epoxy-1.alpha.,6.beta.,7.beta.-trihydroxylabd-14-en-11-one-6,7-carbon ate, oxidation of the enol ether with a suitable peroxy acid to obtain 11,12-dehydro-8,13-epoxy-11-methoxy-1.alpha.,6.beta.,7.beta.,9.alpha.-tetr ahydrolabd-14-ene-6,7-carbonate and hydrolysis of the latter under an acidic condition to obtain 8,13-epoxy-1.alpha.,6.beta.,7.beta.,9.alpha.-tetrahydroxylabd-14-en-11-one -6,7-carbonate. As an alternative way of protecting the two hydroxy groups at carbon-6 and carbon-7, they may also be converted to dimethyl acetal during the synthetic sequence. Four compounds produced in the synthetic scheme as intermediates, namely, 9,11-dehydro-8,13-epoxy-11-methoxy-1.

Abstract: A method of regioselectively and stereoselectively synthesizing forskolin (8,13-epoxy-1.alpha., 6.beta., 7.beta., 9.alpha.-tetrahydroxylabd-14-en-11-one) from 9-deoxyforskolin (8,13-epoxy-1.alpha., 6.beta., 7.beta.-trihydroxylabd-14-en-11-one) with a good yield is described. In a preferred embodiment, it comprises an enol ether formation from 8,13-epoxy-1.alpha., 6.beta., 7.beta.-trihydroxylabd-14-en-11-one-6,7-carbonate, oxidation of the enol ether with a suitable peroxy acid to obtain 11, 12-dehydro-8,13-epoxy-11-methoxy-1.alpha.,6.beta., 7.beta., 9.alpha.-tetrahydrolabd-14-ene-6,7-carbonate and hydrolysis of the latter under an acidic condition to obtain 8,13-epoxy-1.alpha., 6.beta., 7.beta., 9.alpha.-tetrahydroxylabd-14-en-11-one-6,7-carbonate. As an alternative way of protecting the two hydroxy groups at carbon-6 and carbon-7, they may also be converted to dimethyl acetal during the synthetic sequence.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel tri-yne carbonate of formula I. Such compound can be produced by isolating it from the fermentation broth of ATCC-53614, ATCC-53615 OR ATCC-53616. The tri-yne carbonate has antifungal activity.

Abstract: Novel polyfluorinated cyclic carbonates of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.F is an unbranched or branched perfluoroalkyl radical having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, an unbranched or branched .omega.-hydro- or .omega.-haloperfluoroalkyl radical having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, or a cycloperfluoroalkyl radical having 4 to 6 carbon atoms, are described. They are prepared by reacting a polyfluorinated halohydrin of the formula R.sub.F --CH.sub.2 --CH(Hal)--CH.sub.2 OH, in which R.sub.f has the meaning mentioned and Hal represents a halogen, with carbonate or hydrogen carbonate compounds in the presence of an aprotic solvent. The novel compounds, which are generally solid and crystalline at room temperature, represent, in particular, good waterproofing and oil-proofing agents for textiles.

Abstract: A 1,3-dioxol-2-one derivative represented by the following formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 represent independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a nitro group, a carboxyl group, salts of the carboxyl group, a sulfo group and salts of the sulfo group, and a process for producing the 1,3-dioxol-2-one derivative. The compound is useful for measuring the activity of arylesterase.

Abstract: Polymers which contain urethane groups and are capable of being crosslinked by extraneous crosslinking agents, solutions thereof and aqueous dispersions thereof, prepared without the use of isocyanates by reacting polyamino compounds with polycarbonates and, if appropriate, reacting the reaction product further with polycarboxylic acids to give products having an acid number between 0 and 100, and, if appropriate, neutralizing the resulting products partly or completely by adding basic compounds, preferably organic bases, and, if appropriate, mixing the partly or completely neutralized products vigorously with an amount of water such that aqueous polymer dispersions having a solids content of up to 75% by weight, relative to the dispersion, are obtained.

Abstract: Disclosed are additives which are useful as dispersants in marine crankcase oils and hydraulic oils, lubricating oils. In particular, disclosed are nitrogen-containing lubricating oil dispersants having at least one primary or secondary amino group which have been modified by treatment with a cyclic carbonate.

Abstract: Disclosed are additives which are useful as dispersants in lubricating oils, gasolines, marine crankcase oils and hydraulic oils. In particular, disclosed are multiply adducted alkenyl or alkyl succinimides which contain carbamate functionalities.

Abstract: Novel oxolabdanes, intermediates and processes for the preparation thereof, and methods for reducing intraocular pressure utilizing compounds or compositions thereof are disclosed.