Abstract: In a method for producing a cyclic ester according to an embodiment of the present invention, a mixture (I) containing an aliphatic polyester, a specific polyalkylene glycol diether, and a sulfonic acid compound as a thermal stabilizer is prepared and heated in predetermined conditions to obtain a mixture (II) in a state of solution. Furthermore, heating of the mixture (II) is continued to distill, together with the polyalkylene glycol diether, a cyclic ester formed by the depolymerization reaction, and thus a distillate (III) is obtained. The cyclic ester is recovered from the distillate (III). At this time, a specific solubilizing agent is added to at least one of the mixture (I) or (II). In this production method, the sulfonic acid compound as the thermal stabilizer is contained in the mixtures (I) and (II) and the distillate (III).

Abstract: Methods for preparing a variety of bryostatin compounds are provided. The subject methods provide for preparation of bryostatin 1 in multi-gram quantities in a low and unprecedented number of convergent synthetic steps from commercially available materials. The subject methods are scalable with low estimated material costs and can provide enough material to meet clinical needs. Also provided are a variety of bryostatin analog compounds, and prodrug forms thereof, which are synthetically accessible via the subject methods and pharmaceutical compositions including the same.

Abstract: A process for preparing cyclic esters by means of a transesterification reaction in the gas phase, comprises the steps of: (i) vaporizing a liquid solution of alpha-hydroxy esters, (ii) passing the ester vapors through a reaction zone containing a solid catalyst and (iii) recovering the cyclic esters from the gaseous product stream; and wherein the solid catalyst comprises at least one metal of titanium (Ti) and Zirconium (Zr), and a SiO2 support, and wherein said metal is chemically bound to the SiO2 support through M-O—Si chemical bonds.

Abstract: New adipate-type compounds suitable as an intermediate in organic chemistry, a platform chemical for the production of other chemicals, and as a monomer and a co-monomer useful for the preparation of polymers and co-polymers. Also, a process of preparing the new adipate-type compounds from bio-based raw materials such as sugars.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for directly producing lactide by subjecting lactic acid to a dehydration reaction in the presence of a catalyst comprising a tin compound, preferably, a tin (IV) compound, wherein lactide can be produced directly or by one step from lactic acid, without going through the step of producing or separating lactic acid oligomer. The method of the present invention has advantages of causing no loss of lactic acid, having a high conversion ratio to lactic acid and a high selectivity to optically pure lactide, and maintaining a long life time of the catalyst. Further, since lactic acid oligomer is not or hardly generated and the selectivity of meso-lactide is low, the method also has an advantage that the cost for removing or purifying this can be saved.

Abstract: A method for producing glycolide provided with: step (1) wherein a GAO composition, which preferably contains a high-boiling-point organic solvent or a solubilizing agent, is supplied into a reactor and heated to a temperature at which a depolymerization reaction of the GAO occurs; step (2) wherein the heating is continued to subject the GAO to the depolymerization reaction, thereby producing glycolide; step (3) wherein glycolide is distilled out of the reactor; step (4) wherein the distillate is introduced into a rectifier and is rectified by means of gas-liquid countercurrent contact; and step (5) wherein glycolide is recovered.

Abstract: A metathesized natural oil composition comprising a blend of (i) a high molecular weight metathesized natural oil, and (ii) at least 10% of metathesized natural oil back blended with the high molecular weight metathesized natural oil. The blend has a number average molecular weight in the range from about 300 g/mol to about 76,000 g/mol, a weight average molecular weight in the range from about 300 g/mol to about 81,000 g/mol, a z-average molecular weight in the range from about 300 g/mol to about 87,000 g/mol, and a polydispersity index of about 0.5 to about 1.5. The metathesized natural oil composition is metathesized at least once.

Abstract: The present invention addresses the problem of providing an anti-trypanosomal drug having a novel skeleton, in order to solve issues that occur with conventional technologies. The present invention is based on the discovery of a microbe that produces an anti-trypanosomal drug having a novel skeleton. Specifically, this invention provides: a compound indicated by formula (I) having a trypanosomal inhibitory activity; an analog thereof; a production method therefor; and a Lechevalieria sp. K10-0216 strain that produces said compound.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are directed to methods and dosage forms for treating inflammation and rejection in transplantation injuries with Bryostatin-1, Bryostatin-1 analogs and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of macrocyclic picolinamides of Formula I suitable to control or prevent growth of fungi.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a macrolide compound expected to have a cell growth-inhibiting activity and a novel anticancer drug utilizing the compound. Specifically, the invention relates to a compound represented by Formula (I) or (II) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and relates to a cell growth inhibitor and an anticancer drug each containing the compound or the salt as an active ingredient.

Abstract: A novel material of a binaphthyl compound represented by General Formula (G1) is provided. Ar11 and Ar12 independently represent a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkylene group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkenylene group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, m represents 1 or 2, and n represents any one of 0 to 2. R12 represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or a single bond. R13 represents hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms. One of R10 and R11 represents a substituent represented by General Formula (G2), and the other represents hydrogen.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to esters of 8-[2-(2-pentyl-cyclopropylmethyl)cyclopropyl]-octanoic acid (“DCPLA”). The disclosure further relates to compositions, kits, and methods for treatment using the esters.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to PKC activators and combinations thereof. The disclosure further relates to compositions, kits, uses, and methods thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for preparing compounds of Formula 1 utilizing an intermediate of Formula 4 or an intermediate of Formula 6. Also disclosed are compounds of Formula 4.

Abstract: The invention relates to macrocyclic picolinamides of Formula I and their use as fungicides.

Abstract: [Problem] The present invention addresses the problem of providing an anti-trypanosomal drug having a novel skeleton, in order to solve issues that occur with conventional technologies. [Solution] The present invention is based on the discovery of a microbe that produces an anti-trypanosomal drug having a novel skeleton. Specifically, this invention provides: a compound indicated by formula (I) having a trypanosomal inhibitory activity; an analog thereof; a production method therefor; and a Lechevalieria sp. Kl0-0216 strain that produces said compound.

Abstract: The invention relates to macrocyclic picolinamides of Formula I and their use as fungicides.

Abstract: Biologically active compounds related to the bryostatin family of compounds, having simplified spacer domains and/or improved recognition domains are disclosed, including methods of preparing and utilizing the same.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the preparation of ketal compounds from polyols and oxocarboxylates, and uses thereof.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition comprising a chiral dopant compound represented by the following formula: wherein: R1, R2 are independently aryl, alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxyaryl, alkaryl or heterocyclic all either substituted or unsubstituted, or combine to form a carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring; R3 and R4 are independently hydrogen, halogen, cyano, alkoxy, NHCOR7, NHSO2R7, COOR7, OCOR7, aryl, alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxyaryl, alkaryl or heterocyclic all either substituted or unsubstituted, or combine with either R1 or R2 to form a carbocylic or heterocyclic ring; R5 and R6 are independently hydrogen, CH2, CH, alkyl or aryl either substituted or unsubstituted, COOR7, or combine with L to form a carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring; R7 is aryl, alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxyaryl or heterocyclic all either substituted or unsubstituted; L is the non-metallic elements required to form a carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring, or a single bond or a double bond; m is 1-3; n is 0-12.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds which are inhibitors of the activity of Complex III of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and pharmaceutical compositions comprising said compounds alone or in combination with other active agents. The present invention further relates to use of the compounds of the invention as medicaments or as agrochemicals where their properties as inhibitors of the mitochondrial respiration is of benefit. More particularly the present invention relates to the use of the compounds of the invention in a method of treating and/or preventing cancers presenting tumor-initiating cells.

Abstract: Ketal compounds of the structure I and a method of preparation of the compound from polyols and oxocarboxylates, as well as uses thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a macrolide compound expected to have a cell growth-inhibiting activity and a novel anticancer drug utilizing the compound. Specifically, the invention relates to a compound represented by Formula (I) or (II) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and relates to a cell growth inhibitor and an anticancer drug each containing the compound or the salt as an active ingredient.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of a cyclic compound of formula (I) wherein A, B independently in each occurrence is alkane-i,j-diyl having k carbon atoms, i and independently j being less than or equal k and k being selected from 1 to 10, wherein said alkane-i,j-diyl (i) may comprise one or more double bonds; (ii) is optionally substituted; and/or (iii) comprises a cycle, wherein the total number of cycles being cyclic sugars in said compound is selected from 0 to 4 and is less than p·(n+m); X,Y independently in each occurrence is a biocompatible functional group comprising at least one oxygen atom or two sulphur atoms; n, m independently of each other are selected from 0 to 20; p is selected from 1 to 10; n+m is equal or greater than 1; and p·(n+m) is selected from 3 to 30; wherein said compound is capable of forming a complex with a protonated primary and/or protonated secondary amino group and/or a protonated guanidinium group for the manufacture of a pharmaceutical or diagnostic composition.

Abstract: A shape-memory polymers comprising at least one monomer subunit represented by the following structural formula (1).

Abstract: Biologically active compounds related to the bryostatin family of compounds, having simplified spacer domains and/or improved recognition domains are disclosed, including methods of preparing and utilizing the same.

Abstract: Ketal lactones of and methods for making such ketal lactones are disclosed. Also described are methods for making isolated cis- and trans-stereoisomers of hydroxyester ketals of oxocarboxylic acids and polymers having ketal units of such stereoisomers within the polymer backbone.

Abstract: A method of purifying a cyclic ester, comprising: mixing a co-distillated liquid comprising a cyclic ester produced by heating depolymerization of a hydroxycarboxylic acid oligomer in the presence of a depolymerization solvent and the depolymerization solvent with an organic solvent for washing which is mutually soluble with the depolymerization solvent and has a lower boiling point than the cyclic ester; subjecting the resultant mixture liquid to liquid-liquid separation into an organic solvent phase containing the depolymerization solvent and a cyclic ester phase containing the organic solvent; and then evaporating the organic solvent from the cyclic ester phase containing the organic solvent to recover the cyclic ester containing a reduced amount of the depolymerization solvent.

Abstract: The present invention provides new compounds having a kinase inhibitory activity and useful for treating cancer.

Abstract: Methods for producing and obtaining natural products from microbial amplification chambers are described. This approach utilizes the concept of green chemistry to synthesize and extract the marine and terrestrial natural products. The method describes techniques to colonize and grow the selected bacteria and to continuously harvest the pharmaceutical agent from the broth without using any commercial solvents.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention feature methods for treating inflammatory disease and transplantation characterized in that it includes: (i) the incubation of organs with one or more Bryostatin-1 derivatives under conditions which permits vascular exposure to these compounds prior to or immediately following organ ‘harvesting’, and (ii) intravenous, transdermal, intraperitoneal, intra-alveolar instillation of Bryostatin-1 in vivo during active disease, or during periods of disease remission and (iii) prophylactic administration of Bryostatin-1 to limit the development of GVHD.

Abstract: This invention relates to A crown ether of formula (I) wherein m is 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8 and i is, independently for each occurrence, 1 or 2; each occurrence of R1 and R2 is independently selected from hydrogen; linear or branched and substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C10 alkyl, alkenyl and alkinyl; and substituted or unsubstituted aryl with up to 10 ring atoms; or R1 and R2 together form an oxo group; at least one occurrence in the crown ether of R1, R2 and the carbon to which R1 and R2 are attached, said carbon being bound directly to an ether oxygen of formula (I), form together a group of formula (II) wherein L is a linker which is absent or selected from a covalent bond and (CR5R6)n, each occurrence of R5 and R6 being independently selected from hydrogen; linear or branched and substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C10 alkyl, alkenyl and alkinyl; and substituted or unsubstituted aryl with up to 10 ring atoms, n being 1, 2 or 3; X and Y, independently from each other, are selected from O and S; Z, indep

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition comprising a chiral dopant compound represented by the following formula: wherein: R1, R2 are independently aryl, alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxyaryl, alkaryl or heterocyclic all either substituted or unsubstituted, or combine to form a carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring; R3 and R4 are independently hydrogen, halogen, cyano, alkoxy, NHCOR7, NHSO2R7, COOR7, OCOR7, aryl, alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxyaryl, alkaryl or heterocyclic all either substituted or unsubstituted, or combine with either R1 or R2 to form a carbocylic or heterocyclic ring; R5 and R6 are independently hydrogen, CH2, CH, alkyl or aryl either substituted or unsubstituted, COOR7, or combine with L to form a carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring; R7 is aryl, alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxyaryl or heterocyclic all either substituted or unsubstituted; L is the non-metallic elements required to form a carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring, or a single bond or a double bond; m is 1-3; n is 0-12.

Abstract: The present invention is directed towards lasonolide derivatives, methods of inducing premature chromosome condensation using lasonolide derivatives, and methods of treating disorders, such as cancer, in a subject, the method comprising administering to the subject a lasonolide derivative.

Abstract: The disclosure pertains to isolated white pine toxigenic endophytes and the compounds produced by the fungal endophytes as well as methods and uses of the white pine endophytes. The isolated white pine toxigenic endophytes are useful for preparing white pine seedlings and plants that have increased tolerance to a pest and are prepared by inoculating a white pine seedling during the susceptible time window.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the preparation of ketal compounds from glycerol and levulinic acid and esters, and uses thereof.

Abstract: The invention discloses a new use of a class of heptacyclic compounds in the preparation of formulations for the prevention and treatment of diabetes and metabolic syndromes; the present invention also discloses a new class of heptacyclic compounds; the present invention also discloses a process for preparing the heptacyclic compounds and a composition containing the same. The heptacyclic compounds of the present invention can be used to effectively preventing or treating diseases such as diabetes and metabolic syndromes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the compounds useful in the prevention and/or treatment of tumours. More specifically the present invention relates to inhibitors of the activity of the electron transport chains and/or the mitochondrial TCA cycle in glioma-initiating cells (GICs) for use in a method for preventing and/or treating tumours presenting glioma-initiating cells (GICs) in a subject who has undergone a prior removal of a tumour glioma bulk. The present invention further provides a pharmaceutical composition containing the inhibitors of the invention and a screening method for identifying the inhibitors of the invention.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the preparation of ketal compounds from glycerol and levulinic acid and esters, and uses thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed are: a novel dinoflagellate alga; and a macrolide compound which can be used as a novel anticancer agent. Specifically disclosed is a macrolide compound produced by a dinoflagellate Amphidinium sp. Strain HYA002 or HYA0024. The macrolide compound has excellent proliferation-inhibiting effect against a human tumor cell and therefore can be used as a novel anticancer agent.

Abstract: Described herein are tricyclic macrolactones. The macrolactones have a high binding affinity for PKC. The compounds described herein can be used in a number of therapeutic applications including cancer and Alzheimer's prevention and treatment. The compounds described herein can also treat memory loss. Also described herein are methods for producing macrolactones. The methods permit the high-yield synthesis of macrolactones in fewer steps and with a higher degree of substitution and specificity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an esterification catalyst composition that includes a zirconium compound and a method for producing an ester compound, which includes the steps of esterifying alcohol and carboxylic acid compounds by using the same, and it may be applied to a mass synthesis process.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the preparation of ketal compounds from polyols and oxocarboxylates, and uses thereof.

Abstract: Biologically active compounds related to the bryostatin family of compounds, having simplified spacer domains and/or improved recognition domains are disclosed, including methods of preparing and utilizing the same.

Abstract: A composition of macrocyclic oligomer with at least one polymerizable group, (meth)acrylate, for example.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel analogues of the natural product radicicol A of formulae I, .Ia, pi, Ha, lib and HI, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds. The compounds of the invention are kinase and phosphatase inhibitors and find utility in the treatment or prevention of kinase and phosphatase-mediated disorders. Also provided are uses and methods for the treatment or prevention of kinase- and phosphatase-mediated disorders and synthetic processes for the preparation of the compounds.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods, compositions, and apparatuses for producing macrocyclic compounds. First, one or more reactants are provided in a reaction medium, which are capable of forming the macrocyclic compound through a desired reaction pathway that includes at least cyclization, and which are further capable of forming undesired oligomers through a undesired reaction pathway that includes undesirable oligomerization. Oligomerization of such reactions in the reaction medium is modulated to reduce formation of undesired oligomers and/or to reduce separation of the undesired oligomers from the reaction medium, relative to a corresponding unmodulated oligomerization reaction, thereby maximizing yields of the macrocyclic compound. The macrocyclic compound so formed is then recovered from the reaction medium. Preferably, the macrocyclic compound spontaneously separates from the reaction medium via phase separation.

Abstract: The invention provides a nucleic acid molecule comprising: (a) a nucleotide sequence as shown in SEQ ID No. 35; or (b) a nucleotide sequence which is the complement of SEQ ID No. 35; or (c) a nucleotide sequence which is degenerate with SEQ ID No. 35; or (d) a nucleotide sequence hybridising under conditions of high stringency to SEQ ID No. 35, to the complement of SEQ ID No. 35, or to a hybridisation probe derived from SEQ ID No. 35 or the complement thereof; or (e) a nucleotide sequence having at least 80% sequence identity with SEQ ID No. 35; or (f) a nucleotide sequence having at least 65% sequence identity with SEQ ID No. 35 wherein said sequence preferably encodes or is complementary to a sequence encoding a nystatin PKS enzyme or a part thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to olefin metathesis processes for the manufacture of a compound of the formula (I) which is a novel useful intermediate in the synthesis of pharmaceutically active compounds.