Abstract: This invention provides a silver halide photographic element comprising a silver halide emulsion in reactive association with a dioxide compound represented by the following formula: ##STR1## wherein b is C(O), C(S), C(Se), CH2 or (CH2)2; and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently H, or aliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic groups, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together represent the atoms necessary to form a five or six-membered ring or a multiple ring system. This invention further provides a method of making silver halide emulsions containing the dioxide compounds.

Abstract: Neolignan derivative compounds of the 2,4-diaryl-1,3-dithiolane and futoenone variety exhibit both PAF and 5-lipoxygenase antagonist activity.

Abstract: Quaternary amine-containing ether lipid analogs of the formulaR.sub.1 --X--R.sub.2 --N.sup.+ (R.sub.3) (R.sub.4) (R.sub.5) Z.sup.-are disclosed. R.sub.1 represents a hydrophobic group and R.sub.2 represents the backbone of the molecule, with the quaternary amine being linked directly to the backbone. Pharmaceutical compositions including these compounds and methods of combating tumors with these compounds are disclosed. Also disclosed is a method of combating viral infections with both these compounds and ET-18-OMe and its analogs.

Abstract: Cyclohexenone oxime ethers of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, A is substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.4 -alkylene or C.sub.4 -alkenylene,X is nitro, cyano, halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylthio, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -haloalkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -haloalkoxy, carboxyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxycarbonyl, substituted or unsubstituted benzyloxycarbonyl and/or phenyl,n is from 0 to 3 or from 1 to 5 when X is halogen,R.sup.2 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy-C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkythio-C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3 -C.sub.7 -cycloalkyl or C.sub.5 -C.sub.

Abstract: Novel nonlinearly optically active compound's, well suited for electrooptical applications, have the following general formulae: ##STR1## wherein D is an electron donor group; A and A.sub.1, which may be identical or different, are each an electron acceptor group; and R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each a lower alkyl radical or a hydrogen atom.

Abstract: 2,4-Diaryl-1,3-dithiolanes; 2,4-diaryl-1,3-dioxolanes; 2,4-diaryl-1,3-oxathiolanes; and 2,5-diaryl-1,3-oxathiolanes are disclosed that reduce the chemotaxis and respiratory burst leading to the formation of damaging oxygen radicals of polymorphonuclear leukocytes during an inflammatory or immune response. The compounds exhibit this biological activity by acting as PAF receptor antagonists, by inhibiting the enzyme 5-lipoxygenase, or by exhibiting dual activity, i.e., by acting as both a PAF receptor antagonist and inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase.A method to treat disorders mediated by PAF or leukotrienes is also disclosed, that includes administering an effective amount of one or more of the above-identified compounds or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, optionally in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

Abstract: Nonlinear optical compounds having structures with delocalized resonance configurations corresponding to: ##STR1## wherein A.sub.1 and A.sub.2 are independently selected from electron withdrawing moieties; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently selected from aromatic rings, heteroaromatic rings and fused ring systems consisting of two or three aromatic or heteroaromatic rings; n and m are integers from one to five, and D.sub.1 and D.sub.2 are independently selected from hydrogen, electron donating groups and polymer attachment groups, with the proviso that at least one of D.sub.1 and D.sub.2 is an electron donating group. Polymers blended with, cured with, or having pendant side chains of the disclosed nonlinear optical materials and exhibiting second order nonlinear optical properties are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of formula ##STR1## wherein F represents: ##STR2## or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt. The compounds are useful in treating hyperproliferative skin disease, allergic reactions and inflamation.

Abstract: Novel nonlinearly optically active compounds, well suited for electrooptical applications, have the following general formulae: ##STR1## wherein D is an electron donor group; A and A.sub.1, which may be identical or different, are each an electron acceptor group; and R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each a lower alkyl radical or a hydrogen atom.

Abstract: The present invention relates to propanamines of general formula (I) ##STR1## in which: R1 is a phenyl radical optionally mono-, di- or trisubstituted in an identical or different manner with halogen atoms, or lower alkyl, lower haloalkyl or lower alkoxy radicals;R2 is a lower alkyl radical,R3 and R4 are a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl, lower alkenyl or lower cycloalkyalkyl radical,R5 is a 5-to 7-membered cycloalkyl radical or a phenyl radical, andW represents a heterocycle .dbd.C[Q--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --Q] in which Q is an oxygen or sulfur atom and n is 2 or 3,and their acid addition salts with pharmaceutically acceptable acids. The invention also relates to antidiarrheal pharmaceutical compositions comprising the claimed propanamines.

Abstract: Certain aryl substituted naphthalene, benzoxepine, benzazepine and henzocycloheptene derivatives are disclosed. The compounds are useful in treating hyperproliferative skin disease, allergic reactions and inflammation.

Abstract: Compounds of the general formula, including isomers and tautomers thereof: ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.1 to R.sup.5 are as defined in the text; the compounds have herbicidal and plant growth regulating properties; including compositions containing them, methods for using them and intermediates for making them.

Abstract: Cyclohexenone oxime ethers of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl,A is substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.4 -alkylene or C.sub.4 -alkenylene,X is nitro, cyano, halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylthio, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -haloalkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -haloalkoxy, carboxyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxycarbonyl, substituted or unsubstituted benzyloxycarbonyl and/or phenyl,n is from 0 to 3 or from 1 to 5 when X is halogen,R.sup.2 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy-C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylthio-C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3 -C.sub.7 -cycloalkyl or C.sub.5 -C.sub.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which Ar is substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, naphthyl, or thienyl; and Ar.sup.1 is 3-phenoxyphenyl, 4-fluoro-3-phenoxyphenyl, 2-methyl[1-1'-biphenyl]-3-yl, or 6-phenoxy-2-pyridyl, exhibit pyrethroid-like insecticidal and acaricidal activity and are relatively nontoxic to fish.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel aminoalkyl substituted heterocyclic sulfur compounds which are useful as antihypertensive agents.

Abstract: Anthralin analogues containing a thio-substituent, especially in one or more of the positions 2-, 7- and 10- of the anthralin ring. They may be made by reacting an anthralin derivative (e.g. 10-bromoanthralin) with a thiol or a compound containing a group convertible to a thio-group. Alternatively, a 1,8-dihydroxy anthraquinone containing a thio-substituent may be reduced. Reactive intermediates may be made by introducing one or more nuclear allylic groups into a 1,8-dihydroxy anthraquinone and then converting them into a reactive form, e.g. by epoxidation or halide addition. The intermediate can then reduced to the oxidation state corresponding to anthralin.Additional products having the 10-carbon atom of the anthralin ring as part of a heterocyclic ring, may be made by anthralins containing various substitutes thioalkyl groups as the 10-substituent.The compounds are useful for treatment of psoriasis, and may be formulated in the conventional vehicles for topical application, for example petrolatum.

Abstract: Dioxolanes, thio analogs thereof, and derivatives of these and methods of preparation are described. These materials are useful as additives in lubricants and fuels. Methods for reducing fuel consumption in internal combustion engines employing the lubricating compositions are described.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel inosose compound represented by the general formula: ##STR1## wherein X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 are both halogen; X.sup.1 is hydrogen and X.sup.2 is halogen; or X.sup.1 is --SQ.sup.1 and X.sup.2 is --SQ.sup.2 (each of Q.sup.1 and Q.sup.2 is lower alkyl or Q.sup.1 and Q.sup.2 may form lower alkylene), R.sup.1 is a protective group for hydroxyl and Y is .dbd.O, .dbd.N--Z (Z is hydroxyl which may be protected) or ##STR2## (A is hydrogen or an amine residue), particularly to the compound wherein the symbol Y is oxygen.The inosose compound is useful as intermediates for production of valiolamine and the N-substituted derivatives thereof, which have potent .alpha.-glucosidase inhibiting activities and are useful as preventives or therapeutics for symptoms of hyperglycemia and various diseases derived therefrom in human and animals, such as diabetes, obesity and hyperlipemia.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the production of acids of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is 2-fluoro-4-(1,1'-biphenyl), 4-(2-methylpropyl)phenyl, 6-methoxy-2-napthyl, 3-benzophenyl, 4-(2-thienylcarbonyl)-phenyl or 7-chlorocarbazole-3-yl which comprises contacting an organometallic compound of the formula R--M--R.sub.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of ketenethioacetals of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 represents aryl or heteroaryl, R.sub.2 represents hydrogen, an optionally substituted hydrocarbon radical, heteroaryl, an acyl radical, a group of the formula --S(O).sub.m --R.sub.a, wherein m is 0, 1, or 2 and R.sub.a is an optionally substituted hydrocarbon radical; or optionally functionally modified sulpho, A represents an optionally substituted bivalent aliphatic hydrocarbon radical and n is 0 or 1, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of such compounds that contain a salt-forming group, for the treatment of liver diseases, respiratory tract diseases and vascular diseases pharmaceutical preparations containing compounds of the formula I and novel compounds of the formula I. The compounds have liver-protecting and immunomodulating properties.

Abstract: A novel organic compound, 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane having a higher alkyl group containing at least ten carbon atoms, may be formed in a monomolecular layer or film by Langmuir-Blodgett's technique.

Abstract: A fulvalene derivative represented by formula (1) below. ##STR1## where A.sup.1 -A.sup.8 are at least one atom or a combination of two or more atoms selected from S atom, Se atom, and Te atom; and R.sup.1 -R.sup.4 are alkyl or alkene having 3 to 22 carbon atoms.The fulvalene derivative of this invention has electric conductivity as it is at normal temperature and under normal pressure. It is useful as a semiconductor, which has an electrical conductance greater than 10.sup.-9 Scm.sup.-1 and a minimum specific resistance of 10.sup.5 .OMEGA..multidot.cm order.

Abstract: A novel compound useful in detecting leukocytes, esterase and protease in a test sample. The compound has the structure ##STR1## in which: A is an acid residue, R is lower alkyl, aryl, carboxyl, carboxyl ester, amido or cyano, R* is H or lower alkyl, and X is O, S, or NR', in which R' is H, lower alkyl or aryl.

Abstract: 2- or 2,3-substituted 5,6,11,12-tetraseleneotetracene or -tetrathiotetracene of the formula ##STR1## in which X is S or Se, R is alkoxy, hydroxyalkoxy, aryloxy, cycloalkoxy, aralkoxy, --OH, --NH.sub.2, --Cl, --Br or substituted amino and Y is hydrogen or --COR. The compounds can be bonded as side groups to polymers. The polymers and the compounds combine with electron acceptors to form charge transfer complexes which can be used as electrically conductive layers.

Abstract: A novel charge transfer complex of an N,N'-biscyanoquinone bisimine of the formula ##STR1## and a fulvalene derivative of the formula ##STR2## where, in formula I, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 independently of one another are --H, --CH.sub.3, --C.sub.2 H.sub.5, --OCH.sub.3, --OC.sub.2 H.sub.5, --Cl and/or --Br, and one of the radicals R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 and/or one of the radicals R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 may furthermore be phenyl or tert.-butyl, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 and/or R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 together form ##STR3## and the fused-on aromatic ring is unsubstituted or substituted, and, in formula (II), R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 independently of one another are each --H, --CH.sub.3, --C.sub.2 H.sub.5, phenyl, methylphenyl or methoxyphenyl, or R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 and/or R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 together form ##STR4## where n=3, 4 or 5, ##STR5## and X and Y indendently of one another are each S or Se.

Abstract: The invention herein pertains to a novel process for making substituted benzotrifluorides.

Abstract: Dithiolane derivatives represented by the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, a benzyl group or an alkoxyalkyl group and R.sup.2 is a cyano group, an alkylcarbonyl group, a benzylcarbonyl group, a phenylcarbonyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, a cycloalkyloxycarbonyl group, a benzyloxycarbonyl group, an alkenyloxycarbonyl group, an alkynyloxycarbonyl group or an alkoxyalkoxycarbonyl group,and an organic acid ester thereof; process for producing the same; and pharmaceutical composition for controlling liver diseases of human beings and animals containing the same.

Abstract: A compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are, same or different, each a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl group optionally substituted with halogen, an alkoxyalkyl or alkylthioalkyl group of the formula: R.sub.7 --Z--(CH.sub.2).sub.q --, a C.sub.2 -C.sub.3 alkenyl group, a C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 alkynyl group, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 alkoxy group, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 alkylthio group, a phenyl group, a pyridyl group, a furyl group or a thienyl group, or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 may be combined together to form a saturated or unsaturated 5- or 6-membered ring having 0 to 2 oxygen or sulfur atom(s) within the ring, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are, same or different, each a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R.sub.5 is a methyl group or a halogen atom, R.sub.6 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl group, a methoxy group, a halogen atom, a trifluoromethyl group or a nitro group, R.sub.

Abstract: Described are methyl substituted 2-(2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadienyl)-1,3-dithiolanes defined according to the structure: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same or different and each represents methyl or hydrogen with the proviso that at least one of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is methyl and uses thereof in augmenting or enhancing the aroma or taste of foodstuffs.

Abstract: Novel polymers having high activity as cationic surface-active agents are prepared by the addition polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated aromatic sulfonium salts, e.g., ##STR1## When such polymers are heated and/or dried, they are irreversibly converted to inert, nonionic residues without the elimination of odorous by-products. The novel sulfonium salt polymers having relatively low molecular weight and low charge density are particularly useful as surfactants or emulsifiers in the emulsion polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers such as styrene, butadiene, alkyl acrylates and the like. The polymers having high molecular weight and high charge density are useful as thickeners and flocculants.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for one-step preparation of sulfur-selenium fulvalenes by reaction of an acetylenic compound with carbon selenide sulfide or with a mixture of carbon diselenide and carbon disulfide under pressures of at least about 1,000 atmospheres. Fulvalene compounds made by the process are characterized in having at least one sulfur atom and at least one selenium atom in the ring structure of the fulvalene compound. Substituted diselenadithiafulvalenes made by this process are precursors to very pure diselenadithiafulvalene which is useful in preparing charge-transfer salts.

Abstract: Described is the genus of compound having the structure: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 lower alkyl; R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 represent the same or different hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 lower alkyl; X and Y represent the same or different oxygen or sulfur; and one of the dashed lines represents a carbon-carbon double bond and the other of the dashed lines represent carbon-carbon single bonds as well as methods for augmenting or enhancing the aroma and/or taste of consumable materials including foodstuffs, chewing gums, medicinal products, toothpastes, chewing tobaccos, perfume compositions, perfumed articles, smoking tobaccos and smoking tobacco articles using such dioxolanes, oxathiolanes and dithiolanes. The perfumed articles include solid or liquid anionic, cationic, nonionic or zwitterionic detergents, fabric softener compositions, dryer-added fabric softener articles, hair preparations, deodorant compositions, as well as bleaching compositions containing the same.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of synthesizing bis-sulfones of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each are hydrogen, alkyl, phenalkyl, phenyl or phenyl-substituted with an electron-donating or electron-withdrawing group and n is an integer 2, 3 or 4 (a) by reacting a 1,3-dithio compound with n-butyllithium to generate the anion of said compound, (b) reacting said anion with a carbonyl compound to give the 2-substituted carbonol anion intermediate, (c) reacting said intermediate with an acyl chloride or a chloroformate to give the corresponding ester, and (d) reacting said ester with a peracid to give the bis-sulfone product. The subject invention also is concerned with the novel intermediates of step (c).

Abstract: Substituted derivatives of tetrathiafulvalene, tetraselenafulvalene and dithiadiselenafulvalene having the general formulae ##STR1## where Z is S and Y is S; Z is S and Y is Se; and Z is Se and Y is Se, and R can be CO.sub.2 H, R'R"COH, R'CHOH, COR', SCH.sub.3, SO.sub.2.sup.- Li.sup.+, SnR.sub.3 ', SiR.sub.3, --CH.sub.2 OH --CO.sub.2 R', R'CHOH, CHO, CR.sub.2 ' CR.sub.2 'OH, TTF, TSeF and DTDSeF, R' and R" can be the same or different and is selected from the group consisting of alkyls, aryls, alkaryls, ether substituted alkyls, halogen substituted alkyls and halogens, are prepared. A novel method for their preparation is also described.

Abstract: The invention is directed to novel heterofulvalene geminal dithiolate compounds and their selenium and tellurium analogs having the general formula ##STR1## Wherein X is selected from S, Se and Te. R is selected from hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, or together form a ring of carbon atoms, cyano and dithiocarbonate groups and R.sup.1 is selected from alkali, alkaline earth and transition metals, alkyl, aryl, cyclic and heterocyclic groups.A novel method for preparing these compounds is also provided.

Abstract: This disclosure describes novel aldehydes and ketones containing a 4-(monoalkylamino)phenyl moiety, derivatives and salts thereof, useful as hypolipidemic and antiatherosclerotic agents.

Abstract: A process for producing novel aldol derivatives of the formula, ##STR1## wherein C=W is a carbonyl group or a protected carbonyl group which comprises reacting a compound of the formula: ##STR2## wherein C=W is as defined above in the presence of an acid or a base at a temperature ranging from -70.degree. C. to room temperature. The novel aldol derivatives of the above formula are useful as intermediate for producing methanoprostacyclin derivatives which are useful medicines for prevention of thrombosis.

Abstract: The invention relates to (1.alpha., 2.alpha., 4.alpha., 6.alpha.)-3-oxatricyclo[4.2.0.0.sup.2,4 ]octane-7-one and derivatives thereof in which the ketone group is protected, which compounds are useful intermediates in the preparation of natural and synthetic prostaglandins. Processes for the preparation of these compounds are described and exemplified as are processes for their conversion into known prostaglandin intermediates.

Abstract: The invention relates to O,S-dialkyl-O-phenyl-thiophosphates and dithiophosphates of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents methyl or ethyl,R.sub.2 represents n-propyl, i-butyl or sec.-butyl,R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 each represents hydrogen, chlorine, bromine, methyl or ethyl,R.sub.5 represents a group of the formula ##STR2## X represents oxygen or sulfur, which compounds possess useful pesticidal, in particular acaricidal and insecticidal properties.

Abstract: 3,5-di-(2-methylpropyl)-1,2,4-trithiolane having the formula: ##STR1## and its "cis" and "trans" isomers represented by the structures: ##STR2## and described as being useful in augmenting or enhancing the organoleptic properties (taste and aroma) of foodstuffs.

Abstract: A technique is described for the preparation of novel conjugatively linked tetrathiafulvalenes. The resultant molecule includes two donor moieties which allow the preparation of charge transfer complexes with a band structure higher than the quasi one dimensional structure indigenous to presently known electrically conducting organic complexes.

Abstract: A multistep process for preparing tetraselenofulvalenes involving the synthesis of 1,3-diselenole-2-selones and -2-thiones from diselenocarbamates and .alpha.-haloketones followed by coupling of the selone or thione using a dechalkogenizing reagent. New highly conductive salts obtained by coupling certain tetraselenofulvalenes with acceptor compounds are also disclosed.

Abstract: Novel cyano substituted diphenoquinones of the formula, ##STR1## wherein X is a bromine atom or a cyano group, are useful as oxidizing agents and electron acceptors in charge-transfer complex formation owing to their high redox potentials. They may be easily prepared by oxidizing the corresponding cyano substituted biphenols with dinitrogen tetraoxide in an inert organic solvent.

Abstract: The process of reacting dithiolium compounds with an hydroxy compound such as water, alcohols, etc., under basic conditons so as to substitute the hydroxy constituent into the 3 or 5 position of the thiolium ring thus replacing the positive ionic valency with a covalent bond; and to the dithiole compositions formed and uses therefor, for example as corrosion inhibitors, etc. The process can be reversed to reform the original dithiolium compounds by reacting the dithiole compound under acidic conditions.