Abstract: A method is disclosed for making an unsaturated glycitan ester by reacting intramolecular condensates of glycitols having four or more carbons with a metathesis-derived unsaturated fatty acid in the presence of an alkaline catalyst and under conditions sufficient to form the aforesaid unsaturated glycitan fatty ester. A composition is also disclosed comprising a compound of the following structure: wherein R1 is hydrogen, alkyl, aryl or (CH2)1-9—COOR5; wherein R5 is wherein R2, R3 and R4 are hydrogen, or —(O)C—(CH2)m—CH?CH—R1 or —(CH2CH2O)nH or mixtures thereof; wherein m is 1 to 9; and wherein n is 1 to 100.

Abstract: Ethoxylated fatty acid mono-ester(s) of sorbitan with a fatty acid chain length from 8 to 14 and an overall degree of ethoxylation from 7 to 16 are new (though related to the polysorbates). These compounds are useful as adjuvants in agrochemical formulations, particularly combination formulations of herbicides having differing weed control effects, notably of non-selective herbicide and selective herbicide; particularly selective herbicide, particularly selective broadleaf herbicide, and graminicide; and selective graminicide and non-selective herbicide, especially a combination of a glyphosate type non-selective water soluble herbicide with a clethodim type selective (graminicide) herbicide, particularly to reduce or eliminate antagonism between differing types of herbicide. Formulations including such herbicide combinations and the adjuvant compounds are particularly useful in controlling weed including volunteer glyphosate resistant maize in subsequently sown glyphosate resistant soya.

Abstract: Provided in the present invention are various labdane diterpenoid compounds and derivatives thereof for use in preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating neurodegenerative diseases. Also provided in the present invention is a semen biotae extract comprising one or more labdane diterpenoid compounds and derivatives thereof for use in preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating neurodegenerative diseases.

Abstract: A fluorinated monomer of cyclic acetal structure has formula (1) wherein R is a C1-C20 alkyl group which may be substituted with halogen or separated by oxygen or carbonyl, and Z is a divalent organic group which forms a ring with alkylenoxy and contains a polymerizable unsaturated group. A polymer derived from the fluorinated monomer may be endowed with appropriate water repellency, water sliding property, lipophilicity, acid lability and hydrolyzability and is useful in formulating a protective coating composition and a resist composition.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for making an unsaturated glycitan ester by reacting intramolecular condensates of glycitols having four or more carbons with a metathesis-derived unsaturated fatty acid in the presence of an alkaline catalyst and under conditions sufficient to form the aforesaid unsaturated glycitan fatty ester. A composition is also disclosed comprising a compound of the following structure: wherein R1 is hydrogen, alkyl, aryl or (CH2)1-9—COOR5; wherein R5 is wherein R2, R3 and R4 are hydrogen, or —(O)C—(CH2)m—CH?CH—R1 or —(CH2CH2O)nH or mixtures thereof; wherein m is 1 to 9; and wherein n is 1 to 100.

Abstract: Compounds are disclosed which inhibit SIR2 base exchange more than deacetylation, thus enhancing SIR2 deacetylation activity. Methods of using the compounds for enhancing SIR2 deacetylation activity and increasing longevity of an organism are also disclosed. Methods for screening for compounds that enhance SIR2 deacetylation activity and increase longevity of an organism are additionally disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel demulsifiers for use in the demulsification of oils from water and vice versa, including the demulsification of crude oil from sea water or brine. In particular, the present invention relates to novel demulsifiers which are environmentally friendly, or ‘green’, and which can be used without restriction on-site in offshore oil drilling fields, for example in the North Sea. The novel demulsifiers are based on the reaction product of alkoxylated polyols or polyol esters with dicarboxylic acids.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are alkoxylated sorbitan ester compounds and compositions useful in emulsion breaking applications relating to the production, transportation, storage, and separation of crude oil and natural gas. Also disclosed herein are methods of using the compounds and compositions as emulsion breakers, particularly in applications relating to the production, transportation, storage, and separation of crude oil and natural gas.

Abstract: The invention provides methyl-2-deoxyriboside containing at most 5 wt % of methyl-2-deoxyribopyranoside, based on the combined weight of methyl-2-deoxyriboside and methyl-2-deoxyribopyranoside.

Abstract: The present invention relates to nitric oxide donor compounds having a quinone based structure, to processes for their preparation and to their use in the treatment of pathological conditions where a deficit of NO plays an important role in their pathogenesis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel 3,6-anhydro-L-galactose dehydrogenase and to a novel compound produced therefrom. More specifically, provided is a 3,6-anhydro-L-galactose dehydrogenase which can produce 3,6-anhydrogalactonic acid of a novel type by metabolizing 3,6-anhydro-L-galactose.

Abstract: Ethoxylated fatty acid mono-ester(s) of sorbitan with a fatty acid chain length from 8 to 14 and an overall degree of ethoxylation from 7 to 16 are new (though related to the polysorbates). These compounds are useful as adjuvants in agrochemical formulations, particularly combination formulations of herbicides having differing weed control effects, notably of non-selective herbicide and selective herbicide; particularly selective herbicide, particularly selective broadleaf herbicide, and graminicide; and selective graminicide and non-selective herbicide, especially a combination of a glyphosate type non-selective water soluble herbicide with a clethodim type selective (graminicide) herbicide, particularly to reduce or eliminate antagonism between differing types of herbicide. Formulations including such herbicide combinations and the adjuvant compounds are particularly useful in controlling weed including volunteer glyphosate resistant maize in subsequently sown glyphosate resistant soya.

Abstract: A fluorinated monomer of cyclic acetal structure has formula (1) wherein R is a C1-C20 alkyl group which may be substituted with halogen or separated by oxygen or carbonyl, and Z is a divalent organic group which forms a ring with alkylenoxy and contains a polymerizable unsaturated group. A polymer derived from the fluorinated monomer may be endowed with appropriate water repellency, water sliding property, lipophilicity, acid lability and hydrolyzability and is useful in formulating a protective coating composition and a resist composition.

Abstract: Provided are compositions comprising one or more compounds having a structure comprising a node structure with from four to twelve carbon atoms, one or more (poly)glyceryl groups, and one or more hydrophobic moieties, wherein each of the one or more (poly)glyceryl groups is linked to the node structure by a first primary linking group, the one or more hydrophobic moieties are each independently linked either to the node structure by a primary linking group or to one of the (poly)glyceryl groups by a secondary linking group, and wherein the polyglyceryl thickener has an average degree of glyceryl polymerization of from greater than 3 to less than about 11 and an average number of hydrophobic groups per primary linking group of about 0.35 or greater. Also provided are polyglyceryl compounds, compositions comprising water, a surfactant, and a polyglyceryl thickener, as well as, methods of making polyglyceryl compounds and compositions of the present invention.

Abstract: Compounds are disclosed which inhibit SIR2 base exchange more than deacetylation, thus enhancing SIR2 deacetylation activity. Methods of using the compounds for enhancing SIR2 deacetylation activity and increasing longevity of an organism are also disclosed. Methods for screening for compounds that enhance SIR2 deacetylation activity and increase longevity of an organism are additionally disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides surfactant compositions and associated methods and reagents, particularly useful for the treatment of dermatologic conditions. In some embodiments, provided compositions are formulated for and achieve transdermal delivery, for example by topical administration.

Abstract: Provided are compositions comprising one or more compounds having a structure comprising a node structure with from four to twelve carbon atoms, one or more (poly)glyceryl groups, and one or more hydrophobic moieties, wherein each of the one or more (poly)glyceryl groups is linked to the node structure by a first primary linking group, the one or more hydrophobic moieties are each independently linked either to the node structure by a primary linking group or to one of the (poly)glyceryl groups by a secondary linking group, and wherein the polyglyceryl thickener has an average degree of glyceryl polymerization of from greater than 3 to less than about 11 and an average number of hydrophobic groups per primary linking group of about 0.35 or greater. Also provided are polyglyceryl compounds, compositions comprising water, a surfactant, and a polyglyceryl thickener, as well as, methods of making polyglyceryl compounds and compositions of the present invention.

Abstract: Provided are compositions comprising one or more compounds having a structure comprising a node structure with from four to twelve carbon atoms, one or more (poly)glyceryl groups, and one or more hydrophobic moieties, wherein each of the one or more (poly)glyceryl groups is linked to the node structure by a first primary linking group, the one or more hydrophobic moieties are each independently linked either to the node structure by a primary linking group or to one of the (poly)glyceryl groups by a secondary linking group, and wherein the polyglyceryl thickener has an average degree of glyceryl polymerization of from greater than 3 to less than about 11 and an average number of hydrophobic groups per primary linking group of about 0.35 or greater. Also provided are polyglyceryl compounds, compositions comprising water, a surfactant, and a polyglyceryl thickener, as well as, methods of making polyglyceryl compounds and compositions of the present invention.

Abstract: Provided are compositions comprising one or more compounds having a structure comprising a node structure with from four to twelve carbon atoms, one or more (poly)glyceryl groups, and one or more hydrophobic moieties, wherein each of the one or more (poly)glyceryl groups is linked to the node structure by a first primary linking group, the one or more hydrophobic moieties are each independently linked either to the node structure by a primary linking group or to one of the (poly)glyceryl groups by a secondary linking group, and wherein the polyglyceryl thickener has an average degree of glyceryl polymerization of from greater than 3 to less than about 11 and an average number of hydrophobic groups per primary linking group of about 0.35 or greater. Also provided are polyglyceryl compounds, compositions comprising water, a surfactant, and a polyglyceryl thickener, as well as, methods of making polyglyceryl compounds and compositions of the present invention.

Abstract: Provided are compositions comprising one or more compounds having a structure comprising a node structure with from four to twelve carbon atoms, one or more (poly)glyceryl groups, and one or more hydrophobic moieties, wherein each of the one or more (poly)glyceryl groups is linked to the node structure by a first primary linking group, the one or more hydrophobic moieties are each independently linked either to the node structure by a primary linking group or to one of the (poly)glyceryl groups by a secondary linking group, and wherein the polyglyceryl thickener has an average degree of glyceryl polymerization of from greater than 3 to less than about 11 and an average number of hydrophobic groups per primary linking group of about 0.35 or greater. Also provided are polyglyceryl compounds, compositions comprising water, a surfactant, and a polyglyceryl thickener, as well as, methods of making polyglyceryl compounds and compositions of the present invention.

Abstract: Compounds are disclosed which inhibit SIR2 base exchange more than deacetylation, thus enhancing SIR2 deacetylation activity. Methods of using the compounds for enhancing SIR2 deacetylation activity and increasing longevity of an organism are also disclosed. Methods for screening for compounds that enhance SIR2 deacetylation activity and increase longevity of an organism are additionally disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to long-wearing, non-aqueous based cosmetic compositions, and related dermatological, pharmaceutical or hygiene compositions. The present invention provides a non-aqueous based composition comprising one or a mixture of two or more emulsifiers.

Abstract: A process for preparing a bioabsorbable sheet preparation holding thrombin is provided. A process for preparing a bioabsorbable sheet preparation holding thrombin which comprises immersing a bioabsorbable sheet consisting of polyglycolic acid in a thrombin solution containing thrombin as an active ingredient, glycerol as a softening agent, Tween 80 as a permeating agent, and optionally histidine and trehalose as a stabilizing agent followed by drying to hold thrombin on said bioabsorbable sheet, and a bioabsorbable sheet preparation holding thrombin prepared by said process.

Abstract: The invention relates to the inhibition of histone deacetylase. The invention provides compounds and methods for inhibiting histone deacetylase enzymatic activity. The invention also provides compositions and methods for treating cell proliferative diseases and conditions.

Abstract: A new class of winterizing compositions are disclosed including a winterizing agents being a compound of general formula Z(R1)m, where Z is a polyol having between 5 and 30 carbon atoms, R1 is a carbyl group having between about 10 and about 40 carbon atoms, and where m is an integer having the value of 1 or 2, when m is 2, R1 can be the same or different and one or more carbon atoms of R1 can be replaced by B, N, O, Si, P, S, Ge and/or mixtures thereof and one or more of the hydrogen atoms in R1 can be replaced by F, Cl, Br, I, CONR22, COOR2, OR2, NR22, SR2, PR22, and/or mixtures thereof and where R2 can be a hydrogen atom, alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl or arylalkyl group having between 1-20 carbon atoms where one or more carbon or hydrogen atoms can be replaced as set forth for R1.

Abstract: A dual-interaction ligand for rendering otherwise hydrophobic nanoparticles water soluble or suspendable has a hydrophilic base with a plurality of hydrophilic segments extending from a core of the base, where at least one segment or the core contains a hydrophobic groups capable of forming van der Waal interaction between hydrophobic groups of the dual-interaction ligand and other hydrophobic ligands, and at least one complexing functionality to complex a metal atom or ion of a nanoparticle. The dual-interaction ligands can be combined with hydrophobic nanoparticles, where the dual-interaction ligands can displace some or all of the hydrophobic ligands of the hydrophobic nanoparticles, to form a nanoparticle-dual interaction ligand complex that can be dissolved or dispersed readily in an aqueous solution. The dual interaction ligand can be functionalized to attach an antibody or other biomolecules such that the nanoparticle dual-interaction ligands complexes can contain biomolecules.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing capecitabine and a method for preparing a ?-anomer-rich trialkyl carbonate compound used therein, and a highly pure capecitabine can be efficiently prepared with a high yield by the method of the present invention using the ?-anomer-rich trialkyl carbonate compound as an intermediate.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel homotopic prodrugs and medicaments and methods for their preparation, testing and use. In one embodiment, the homotopic prodrug has the general formula wherein is a biologically-active moiety comprising a carboxylic acid functional group, and Rb is a homotopically-symmetrical alcohol bonded to the biologically-active moiety through the carboxylic acid functional group to form an ester linkage, as well as optical isomers, enantiomers, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, biohydrolyzable amides, esters, and imides thereof and combinations thereof.

Abstract: A friction modifier composition for reducing friction in a lubricant comprising a fatty acid sorbitan ester that is solid or semi-solid. The fatty acid sorbitan ester is capable of being released into a lubricant at a rate of less than or equal to 0.15 grams per minute.

Abstract: A fluorinated monomer of cyclic acetal structure has formula (1) wherein R is a C1-C20 alkyl group which may be substituted with halogen or separated by oxygen or carbonyl, and Z is a divalent organic group which forms a ring with alkylenoxy and contains a polymerizable unsaturated group. A polymer derived from the fluorinated monomer may be endowed with appropriate water repellency, water sliding property, lipophilicity, acid lability and hydrolyzability and is useful in formulating a protective coating composition and a resist composition.

Abstract: An organized mobile multicomponent conjugate (OMMC) and method of using to enhance binding of weakly binding compounds to a target. A lamellar structure containing at least two binding compounds is assembled under conditions in which the binding compounds self-regulate in or on the lamellar structure, forming a cooperative ensemble that is capable of binding with enhanced affinity to a complementary affinity site on a target. Each binding compound is bound to the lamellar surface, and may be connected by a linker. The OMMC may contain an effector molecule, such as a diagnostic or therapeutic agent, for administration to a patent who is then diagnosed or treated using the effector molecule.

Abstract: An organized mobile multicomponent conjugate (OMMC) and method of using to enhance binding of weakly binding compounds to a target. A lamellar structure containing at least two binding compounds is assembled under conditions in which the binding compounds self-regulate in or on the lamellar structure, forming a cooperative ensemble that is capable of binding with enhanced affinity to a complementary affinity site on a target. Each binding compound is bound to the lamellar surface, and may be connected by a linker. The OMMC may contain an effector molecule, such as a diagnostic or therapeutic agent, for administration to a patent who is then diagnosed or treated using the effector molecule.

Abstract: A compound represented by formula (I): [wherein, for example, X is a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom; R1 is a hydrogen atom; R2 is a hydrogen atom or a C1-4 alkyl group; R3 is —CHO or —COOH; and R4 is —CH?CH—(CH2)p—CH3 (wherein p is an integer of 1 to 12), —CH(OH)—(CH2)q—CH3 (wherein q is an integer of 1 to 13), —CH(OH)—CH2—CH(CH3)—(CH2)2—CH?C(CH3)2, —CH?CH—CH(CH3)—(CH2)3—CH(CH3)2, —(CH2)2—CH(CH3)—(CH2)3—CH(CH3)2 or —(CH2)8—CH3], an optical isomer thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. These compounds have antitrypanosoma activity, and accordingly are useful as drugs for preventing or treating the diseases caused by trypanosoma.

Abstract: This invention provides new compounds and uses thereof in treating a variety of diseases or conditions in a subject, including, inter alia, prostate cancer, muscle wasting diseases and/or disorders or a bone-related diseases and/or disorders.

Abstract: The present invention provides a (meth)acrylate containing a heterocyclic ring, which is a structure necessary for achieving physical properties required in many fields, and a hydrophilic group in the same monomer molecule and further provides a process for producing the same from industrially easily-available starting materials by industrially feasible reactions. A (meth)acryloyloxytetrahydrofuran having a structure represented by the following general formula (1): wherein R1 and R2 each is a hydrogen atom or a (meth)acryloyl group represented by the following general formula (2) and at least one of R1 and R2 is a (meth)acryloyl group represented by the general formula (2).

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a compound having a structure: Therapeutic methods, compositions, and medicaments relating thereto are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to homogemcitabines of general formula (2), with the meanings for the substituents as given in claim 1, method for production thereof, use for the production of the active agent gemcitabin and the use thereof for the production of medicaments for the treatment of proliferative diseases. The invention further relates to novel intermediates, as used in the inventive method.

Abstract: The present process provides an improved method for converting 2?-deoxy-2?-fluoro-2?-methyl-D-ribonolactones derivatives to 3-fluoro-3-methyl-2-chlorofuran compounds which are useful for the synthesis of nucleosides and improved processes for the synthesis of the D-ribonolactone compounds.

Abstract: Novel ester compounds having formulae (1) to (4) wherein A1 is a polymerizable functional group having a carbon-carbon double bond, A2 is oxygen, methylene or ethylene, R1 is a monovalent hydrocarbon group, R2 is H or a monovalent hydrocarbon group, any pair of R1 and/or R2 may form an aliphatic hydrocarbon ring, R3 is a monovalent hydrocarbon group, and n is 0 to 6 are polymerizable into polymers. Resist compositions comprising the polymers as a base resin are thermally stable and sensitive to high-energy radiation, have excellent sensitivity and resolution, and lend themselves to micropatterning with electron beam or deep-UV.

Abstract: The object of the present patent application are 3-aminophenol derivatives of formula (I) or the physiologically compatible, water-soluble salts thereof and colorants based on a developer-coupler combination containing these compounds.

Abstract: The object of the present patent application are 3-aminophenol derivatives of formula (I) or the physiologically tolerated, water-soluble salts thereof wherein R denotes a heterocyclic aromatic 5-membered ring of formula (Ia) and colorants based on a developer-coupler combination and containing these compounds.

Abstract: The present invention has for an object compounds of formula (I) and colorants containing these 4-aminobiphenyl-3-ol derivatives of general formula (I) for dyeing keratin fibers, particularly hair, wherein R1 and R2 independently of each other denote hydrogen, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a hydroxyl group, a C1–C4-alkoxy group, a C2–C4-hydroxyalkoxy group, a C1–C6-alkyl group, a nitro group, a trifluoromethyl group, a —C(O)H group, a —C(O)CH3 group, a —C(O)CF3 group, an —Si(CH3)3 group or a C1–6-hydroxyalkyl group or R1 and R2 together form an —O—CH2—O— bridge.

Abstract: A novel process is provided for the preparation of ribofuranose sugar derivatives which are useful in the synthesis of branched-chain ribonucleoside inhibitors of HCV polymerase for the treatment of HCV infection. Also provided are useful intermediates obtained from the instant process.

Abstract: The invention provides a pharmaceutical for treatment of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders comprising a compound of the formula: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: For the preparation of an 11-oxaprostaglandin such as [2R,(1E,3R),3S,(4Z),4R)]-7-{tetrahydro-2-[4-(3-chlorophenoxy)-3-hydroxy-1-butenyl]-4-hydroxy-3-furanyl}-4-heptenoic acid and its ester derivatives, a novel process uses a novel enantiomerically enriched compound for formula (1) wherein the bond between carbon atoms y and z is either a single or double bond; R1 is selected from vinyl, trialkylsilylethynyl, a formyl group protected as an acetal, or a protected hydroxymethyl group; R2 is C1-5 alkyl, optionally substituted at the terminus with an aryloxy or alkoxy group; and R3-R6 are independently selected from C1-6 alkyl and C6-10 aryl

Abstract: Disclosed is an invention concerning triazolyloligosaccharides, oligosaccharides wherein the bonding between the saccharide groups is via a triazole group and methods for their preparation.

Abstract: The object of the invention are p-aminophenol derivatives of general formula (I) or physiologically tolerated, water-soluble salts thereof and oxidative coloring preparations based on a developer-coupler combination containing at least one p-aminophenol derivative of formula (I).

Abstract: This invention concerns a process for the manufacture of anhydro- and dianhydro- hexitols, pentitols, and tetritols by the dehydration of sugar alcohols (alditols) in the presence of a dehydration catalyst and with the assistance of an inert gas sparge.

Abstract: A process for removing polyol impurities from a sorbitan ester solution involving: (a) providing a sorbitan ester solution containing polyol impurities; (b) adding to the sorbitan ester solution a clarifying-effective amount of a silica component; (c) adsorbing the polyol impurities from the sorbitan ester solution onto the silica to form a mixture of sorbitan ester and polyol-containing silica; and (d) removing the polyol-containing silica from the sorbitan ester solution.

Abstract: For the preparation of an 11-oxaprostaglandin such as [2R,(1E,3R),3S,(4Z),4R)]-7-{tetrahydro-2-[4-(3-chlorophenoxy)-3-hydroxy-1-butenyl]-4-hydroxy-3-furanyl}-4-heptenoic acid and its ester derivatives, a novel process uses a novel enantiomerically enriched compound for formula (1) wherein the bond between carbon atoms y and z is either a single or double bond; R1 is selected from vinyl, trialkylsilylethynyl, a formyl group protected as an acetal, or a protected hydroxymethyl group; R2 is C1-5 alkyl, optionally substituted at the terminus with an aryloxy or alkoxy group; and R3-R6 are independently selected from C1-6 alkyl and C6-10 aryl.