Abstract: Hybrid agents for enhancing in vivo diagnostic imaging of body organs and tissues, and methods of preparing and using the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrorheological fluid composition comprising a dispersion of a plurality of solid particles in an electrically non-conducting liquid, the improvement comprising using as said solid particles a composition having the general formula:[(M).sup.p (H.sub.2 O).sub.x (OH).sub.y ].sup.q.sub.c [A].sup.r.sub.d.B.sub.z.nH.sub.2 Owherein M is a metal cation or a mixture of metal cations at various ratios; p is the total valence of M and has a value of greater than zero; x is zero or has a value greater than zero, y is zero or has a value greater than zero, with the proviso that only one of x or y can be zero at any given time; q has a value of p minus y with the proviso that q has a value of at least one; c has a value of greater than zero; A is an anion or a mixture of anions at various ratios; r is the total valence of A with the proviso that r has a value of at least one; d has a value of greater than zero with the proviso that (q.times.c) is always equal to (r.times.

Abstract: Compounds of the general formula I: ##STR1## R.sup.1 signifies a COOX group or the group ##STR2## R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are the same or different and signify a hydrogen atom, a lower straight- or branched-chain, hydrocarbon radical, a phenyl or benzyl group or either R.sup.2 or R.sup.3 signifies the group ##STR3## or R.sup.2 or R.sup.3 together signify a trimethylene or tetramethylene radical, R.sup.4 represents a straight- or branched-chain mono- or poly-hydroxyalkyl radical, R.sup.5 represents a hydrocarbon atom, a lower straight- or branched-chain, optionally mono- or poly-hydroxylated, hydrocarbon radical, Q signifies an oxygen or sulfur atom or the group ##STR4## wherein j signifies the numbers 1 to 4 and R.sup.

Abstract: Novel complexes of paramagnetic ions and compounds bearing long acyl chains have been synthesized as magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents. These novel liposoluble contrast agents may be administered alone, or with lipids, suspending agents or other additives. The lipids may be in the form of liposomes, micelles or lipid emulsions. The contrast agents of the invention have particular use in magnetic resonance imaging of the liver, blood pool and reticuloendothelial system.

Abstract: Metallated compounds can be used to extract or precipitate proteins from solution. The compounds can be polymers, such as polyalkylene glycols, which can be mono- or bimetallated or smaller bis-metal chelates, such as ethylenebis(oxyethylenenitrilo)tetraacetic acid. The monometallated polymers are preferred in the extraction process whereas the bimetallated compounds are preferred in the precipitation process. In addition, new PEG compounds which are capable of chelating a variety of metals are described. Both mono- and bi-metallated forms are set forth. The new metallated compounds are very effective in extracting or precipitating proteins from solution.

Abstract: Substantially pure 1:1 L-form transition metal methionine complex salts are formed. The preferred transition metals are zinc, chromium, manganese and iron. Salts are formed by reaction with pure L-form methionine. As a result, dosages for supplementation can by way of example be one-half the amount used in raecemic mixtures of salts.

Abstract: Fe(III) complexes having high bulk density and a process for the production of the same without the generation of heavy metal-contaminated effluents are disclosed. Solid complexes of EDTANaFe and EDTAKFe having high bulk densities are formed by reaction with ferric sulfate containing low chromium levels, followed by total drying of the resulting mixture in the same processing equipment without the prior separation of the sulfate salts formed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to contrast enhancing agents, conjugates thereof, pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and methods for diagnostic analysis, particularly NMR image analysis using these agents. The contrast enhancing agents are chelates of paramagnetic, ferromagnetic or diamagnetic metal ion(s) complexed with new lipophilic complexing acids related to polyaminopolycarboxylic acids.

Abstract: A method for chemically modifying an anionic metal complex, by obtaining from an anionic metal complex insoluble in a non-aqueous solvent and a clathrate compound a clathrate complex thereof with a counter cation of said metal complex, which is soluble in a non-aqueous solvent, and then reacting functional groups of the metal complex, which are not concerned with the coordination of said metal complex, with an organic reagent in the presence of a reaction assistant.The central metal from the chemically modified metal complex may then be removed.

Abstract: Water soluble polymers are useful in combination with cobalt(III) redox reagents. When incorporated with the polymers, the cobalt(III) reagents exhibit improved sensitivity compared to fresh solutions of the reagents. In preferred embodiments, the cobalt(III) reagents are coated on a support using the water soluble polymer as a binder. Small areas of the coated support are then cut out and placed in a buffer solution to provide a working reagent solution. The solution is particularly useful in the testing of urine for significant bacteriuria.

Abstract: Fe(III) complexes having high bulk density and a process for the production of the same without the generation of heavy metal-contaminated effluents are disclosed. Solid complexes of EDTANaFe and EDTAKFe having high bulk densities are formed by reaction with ferric sulfate containing low chromium levels, followed by total drying of the resulting mixture in the same processing equipment without the prior separation of the sulfate salts formed.

Abstract: Reagents and methods for the determination of analytes are disclosed, using water soluble cobalt(III) complexes and metallizable dyes to form cobalt(III) complexes of the metallizable dyes. Analytes which can be determined include enzymes, cells and biological reductants, such as NADH, NADPH and ascorbate. Amplification is provided since one equivalent of the analyte provides more than one equivalent of the detectable species.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for enhancing magnetic resonance imaging in at least a portion of a warm-blooded animal.

Abstract: Macrocyclic derivatives of 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane of general formula (I) hereinbelow, wherein A is a group of formula (II) hereinbelow, in which R is H or alkyl or optionally substituted benzyl or a H(OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2).sub.1-4-, Me(OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2).sub.1-4-, or Et(OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2).sub.1-4- group, X or O--R.sub.1, in which R.sub.1 is H or alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, alkoxyhydroxyalkyl or a polyoxaalkyl group or X is --NR.sub.2 R.sub.3, in which R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are H or alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxyalkyl or alkoxyhydroxyalkyl, and B.sub.1, B.sub.2 and B.sub.3 have the same meanings as A or are H or a group of formula (III) hereinbelow, in which R.sub.4 is H or alkyl, Y is a O--R.sub.5 group, wherein R.sub.5 is H or alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, alkoxyhydroxyalkyl or a polyoxaalkyl group, or Y is a --NR.sub.6 R.sub.7 group, wherein R.sub.6 and R.sub.

Abstract: A process of preparing iron chelates of amino and hydroxy carboxylic acids, comprising reacting an oxide of iron with an amino or hydroxy carboxylic acid and a base in the presence of ferrous ion or metallic iron as a catalyst. Additional base is added to the resulting chelant and oxidation may be carried out to convert any ferrous ion to ferric.

Abstract: A compound that is the water insoluble hydrochloride addition salt of the dihydrogen ferric complex of diethylene triamine penta-acetic acid, DTPAH.sub.5, namely DTPAFeH.sub.3 Cl, which has been made in pure form from DTPANa.sub.5, and which can be used in an agricultural nutrient composition.

Abstract: Complexes of a highly paramagnetic polyvalent metal, e.g., a lanthanide such as gadolinium, or of a less paramagnetic metal, e.g., iron, manganese, copper, cobalt, chromium or nickel, with a bisalkylamide of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid of the formula: ##STR1## wherein three groups M are hydroxyl groups and the remaining two groups M are NHR groups in which each group R is an alkyl group of the formula --(CH.sub.2).sub.n CH.sub.3 where n is zero or an integer of from 1 to 17, are disclosed. These complexes are useful as magnetic resonance imaging contrast enhancers.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for enhancing magnetic resonance imaging in at least a portion of a warm-blooded animal.

Abstract: A method for chemically modifying an anionic metal complex, by obtaining from an anionic metal complex, insoluble in a non-aqueous solvent and a clathrate compound a clathrate complex thereof with a counter cation of said metal complex, which is soluble in a non-aqueous solvent, and then reacting functional groups of the metal complex, which are not concerned with the coordination of said metal complex, with an organic reagent in the presence of a reaction assistant.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for the preparation of analytically pure chelate complexes which can be used in diagnostic medicine, for example as contrast media or radiopharmaceuticals. The process comprises transcomplexing a complex of a .beta.-dicarbonyl compound and a metal ion, for example a metal acetylacetonate, which is readily soluble in an organic solvent that is not miscible in all proportions with water, with a stoichiometric amount or with a less than equivalent amount of a chelating agent whose binding affinity for the metal ion is greater than that of the .beta.-dicarbonyl compound.

Abstract: A process for removing metal salts from an H.sub.4 EDTA precipitate by esterification with an esterification reagent to produce an esterification mixture comprising a solid metal salt an EDTA ester and thereafter separating the solid metal salt from the esterification mixture.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel metal complexes and solutions containing the complexes which are useful for converting light energy into electrical energy. The complexes are formed by complexing certain metals, such as iron, with a carboxyl compound, chloride and ammonia to form a complex having carboxyl ligands, chloride ligands and ammonia ligands. The preferred carboxyl compound is citric acid, acetic acid or salts thereof. The invention also provides a solar cell which comprises a transparent container which contains a pair of electrodes immersed in the metal complex.

Abstract: Iron(III)-complexes of compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 denotes a substituent,m denotes 1 or 2 andn denotes 0, 1 or 2are valuable and biodegradable bleaching agents for photographic elements.

Abstract: A method of synthesizing photolabile chelators as EDTA and EGTA derivatives to be used in caging multivalent cations is disclosed. The chelators chelate the cations forming non-biologically active compounds. The chelated compounds can then be localized in or near biological systems. Upon irradiation, the chelated compound cleaves with the subsequent cleaved remainders having a substantially lower affinity for the chelated cation. Large amounts of cation are thus rapidly released and the effect of such concentration jumps on the biological system can be accurately studied.

Abstract: A carboalkylated amino alcohol having each of the below shown formulae is novel and optically active. A separating agent comprising the alcohol and a support is effectively useful to separate a variety of racemates for example with chromatography. The alcohol may be chemically or physically combined with the support. ##STR1## [wherein Ph represents a phenyl group, R represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having the carbon number of 1 to 10, or an aryl group having the carbon number of 6 to 10, X represents an --0-- group or a --S-- group, and Z represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having the carbon number of 1 to 10 or a metal element].

Abstract: Species-linked diamine triacetic acids of the formula ##STR1## wherein T is an organic species containing at least one amine, hydroxyl, or thiol functional group, L is the residue of at least one of those functional groups and R is a two or more atom long covalent bridge, are disclosed. Methods for their preparation, for the preparation of metal chelates from them and for the use of the chelates are also disclosed. In a preferred embodiment, the metal ions employed in the formation of the chelates are rare earth metal ions capable of forming fluorescent chelates which can in turn be employed in fluoroassay techniques.

Abstract: New compounds having utility for enhancing the activity of antifolates are disclosed of the formula: ##STR1## wherein X is selected from hydrogen ##STR2## and R"--; R' is selected from alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted and unsubstituted aryl, and substituted and unsubstituted heterocyclic aryl; R" is selected from ##STR3## and R'S; M is selected from OR and secondary amine; and R is selected from hydrogen, alkyl, acyloxymethyl, substituted and unsubstituted aryl, substituted and unsubstituted heterocyclic aryl, amino cation and metal cation.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical grade amino acid chelates, free of interfering anions, are made by reacting an amino acid ligand with a metal member selected from the group consisting of elemental metals, metal oxides, metal hydroxides and metal carbonates in an aqueous environment wherein the ligand to metal mole ratio is at least 2:1 and recovering the amino acid chelate from said aqueous environment by means of spray or drum drying. The reaction may be carried out in the presence of non-interfering anions such as anions from citric acid, ascorbic acid, acetic acid, carbonic acid and ammonium and alkali metal salts thereof.

Abstract: Ethylene Diamine Hydroxy Phenylacetic Acid (EDHPA) type chelators strongly bind paramagnetic metal ions to provide excellent contrast agents for magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. The magnetic dipole generated by unpaired electrons within the paramagnetic (PM) atom, causes a local reduction in the bulk magnetic field of the MR system. The resulting shortening of the T1 (spin lattice) relaxation time in the hydrogen protons within the area of interest, causes an intense "free induction signal" and a corresponding modulation in the collected scanning data. The tissue of organ of interest appears on the MR display as a high intensity of white area. Background tissue is displayed as darker or lower intensity greys. Each member chelator EDHPA' of the EDHPA family of chelators, is a phenolic analog of EDTA, with variations in the para position radical (PR) of the phenol ring.

Abstract: There are provided NMR contrast agents comprising water-soluble paramagnetic metal chelates, preferably of Cr(III), Fe(III) or Gd(III), wherein the chelating entity is an anilide group containing organic moiety, preferably a compound of formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 to R.sup.5 may represent hydrogen or halogen atoms, optionally halogenated alkyl or alkoxy groups or carboxyl groups. The agents are especially suitable for use in NMR imaging of the hepatobiliary system.

Abstract: Homologs of Diester-DTPA-Paramagnetic compounds (such as dimethyl acetyl diethylene triamine triacetic acid) provide excellent contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The magnetic dipole generated by the unpaired electron within the paramagnetic (PM) atom, causes a local reduction in the bulk magnetic field of the MRI system. The resulting shorting of the T1 (spin lattice) relaxation time in the local hydrogen protons within the area of interest, causes an intense "free induction signal" and a corresponding modulation in the collected scanning data. The tissue or organ of interest appears on the MRI display highlighted in white. Background tissue is displayed as darker or lower intensity greys. The ester homologs replace two carboxylic acids to form functional ester groups on the DTPA chelator. The homologs cause the Diester-DTPA-PM contrast agents to go into solution readily, and promotes organ selectivity.

Abstract: Homologs of Diamide-DTPA-Paramagnetic compounds (such as diamido acetyl diethylene triamine triacetic acid) provide excellent contrast agents for magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. The magnetic dipole generated by the unpaired electron within the paramagnetic (PM) atom, causes a local reduction in the bulk magnetic field of the MR system. The resulting shorting of the T1 (spin lattice) relaxation time in the local hydrogen protons within the area of interest, causes an intense "free induction signal" and a corresponding modulation in the collected scanning data. The tissue or organ of interest appears on the MR display highlighted in white. Background tissue is displayed as darker or lower intensity greys. A surface highlighted image of the small and large intestine may be obtained by venous injection of the diamide contrast agent. The contrast agent is formed by replacing two carboxylic acids on the DTPA chelator with functional amide groups.

Abstract: A triboelectrically chargeable composition for use in development of electrostatic latent images. The composition contains a metal complex of an amino acid compound having an amino or mono-substituted amino group and a carboxylic group. The composition is embodied typically as a positively chargeable toner and also as a charge-imparting material for charging a toner.

Abstract: A method of simultaneously removing SO.sub.2 and NO from oxygen-containing flue gases resulting from the combustion of carbonaceous material by contacting the flue gas with an aqueous scrubber solution containing an aqueous sulfur dioxide sorbent and an active metal chelating agent which promotes a reaction between dissolved SO.sub.2 and dissolved NO to form hydroxylamine N-sulfonates. The hydroxylamine sulfonates are then separated from the scrubber solution which is recycled.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of the sulphenic acid amides of the general formula (I) ##STR1## in which X represents identical or different halogen atoms,Y.sup.1 and Y.sup.2 are identical or different and represent hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, halogenoalkyl or NO.sub.2 andZ represents halogen, --OH, --NHOH or the group --OR.sup.1,in whichR.sup.1 denotes optionally substituted radicals from the series comprising alkyl, alkenyl, alkinyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl and heterocyclyl, orZ represents the group ##STR2## in which R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are identical or different and denote hydrogen or a heterocyclic radical, orZ represents the group --OMin whichM denotes ammonium or the equivalent of an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or heavy metal cation,for prolonging the duration of a high activity in agents for combating soil pests.

Abstract: A process for removing SO.sub.x pollutants from a stack gas by (1) absorbing the SO.sub.x pollutants into an aqueous absorbent containing a formate compound and (2) regenerating the spent absorbent containing dissolved SO.sub.x compounds by contact, in the presence of added formate anion, with a water-insoluble, solid substance containing one or more tertiary amine functional groups. Nitrogen monoxide is removed by providing in the aqueous absorbent an iron(II) chelate, such as a chelate of ferrous ion with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. Regeneration of the spent absorbent containing absorbed NO is accomplished under the same conditions as for spent absorbents containing absorbed SO.sub.x compounds. SO.sub.x and NO pollutants dissolved in the absorbent are, during regeneration, converted to hydrogen sulfide and nitrogen, respectively.

Abstract: Hydrocarbyl ammonium hydrocarbyl carboxylate internal salts and their metal-containing derivatives are made by reacting certain amines with certain organic acids to obtain the former and reacting that product with a metal oxide or salt to obtain the latter. These are used in lubricants and liquid fuel compositions for a variety of purposes, including reduced friction.

Abstract: A complex of a tetradentate tetraanionic ligand L of the formula: ##STR1## and a metal, preferably a transition metal, is described. The chelate and ring Z-CH-M-Z functional groups Z, such as N or O are resistant to oxidation and the ring contains 4 to 7 preferably 5 to 6 chain atoms. An osmium complex containing two pyridine ligands is an oxidation catalyst. Further activation by anodic oxidation and heating to a temperature exceeding 30.degree. C. greatly increases catalytic activity.

Abstract: A new process for the preparation of HO-EDTA.FE (5% Fe) is disclosed. It is based on the oxidation of Fe.degree. by nitric acid in the presence of HO-EDTA Na.sub.3 to generate the chelate in the Fe.sup.+2 state. The Fe.sup.+2 chelate is then converted to the desired Fe.sup.+3 chelate by air oxidation.

Abstract: Novel complexes are prepared from water-soluble compounds having at least one amidocarbonylic unit and a square planar organometallic compound.