Abstract: The present invention generally relates to processes for the enzymatic production of a phosphinothricin product or precursor thereof from a nitrile-containing substrate.

Abstract: The invention features protected linker compounds which comprise at one terminus a protected amino group and at another other terminus a phosphorous activating group, such as a phosphoramidite group. These protected linker compounds are introduced chemically at the 5?-end of oligonucleotides for the purpose of preparing 5?-amino modified oligonucleotides. After deprotection, the thereby introduced amino group then allows further modification (e.g. attachment of dyes) or immobilization (on surfaces or beads) of the oligonucleotide. Specifically, the presented amino protecting group is designed to provide such protected linker compounds in a solid form, which facilitates efficient purification by precipitation or crystallization and aliquoting for distribution and storage.

Abstract: The invention relates to derivatives of (1-cyanocyclopropyl)phenylphosphinic acid of the formula (I) and to salts thereof, of the formula (II), for enhancing stress tolerance in plants to abiotic stress, preferably to drought stress, especially for enhancing plant growth and/or for increasing plant yield.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting diode comprising at least one cyclic phosphazene compound, a light-emitting layer formed from at least one matrix material and at least one emitter material, wherein the at least one matrix material comprises at least one cyclic phosphazene compound, the use of cyclic phosphazene compounds in organic light-emitting diodes and a device selected from the group consisting of stationary visual display units, mobile visual display units and illumination units comprising at least one inventive organic light-emitting diode, and selected cyclic phosphazene compounds and processes for preparing them.

Abstract: A cyclotriphosphazene compound comprising a fluorinated cyclotriphosphazene compound having at least one fluorine atom substituted with a group represented by Formula 1 below, a method of preparing the cyclotriphosphazene compound, an electrolyte including the cyclotriphosphazene compound, and a lithium secondary battery including the electrolyte are provided: *A-[B—CN]x ??[Formula 1] A being a heteroatom having an unshared electron pair; * representing a binding site for bonding the group represented by Formula 1 to a phosphorus (P) atom of the fluorinated cyclotriphosphazene compound; B being a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C5 alkylene group; and x being 1 or 2.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes cyclohexenyl nucleic acid analogs, oligomeric compounds prepared therefrom and methods of using the oligomeric compounds. More particularly, cyclohexenyl nucleic acid analogs are provided, having one or more chiral substituents, that are expected to be useful for enhancing properties of oligomeric compounds including nuclease resistance and binding affinity. In some embodiments, the oligomeric compounds provided herein hybridize to a portion of a target RNA resulting in loss of normal function of the target RNA.

Abstract: A superabsorbent having surfaces complexed with polyvalent metal ions and which contains at least one phosphonic acid derivative, and the molar ratio between polyvalent metal and phosphonic acid derivative is at most 1.2/n, where n is the number of phosphonic acid groups in the phosphonic acid derivative. The superabsorbent exhibits good stability against discoloration and a surprisingly low caking tendency without any significant impairment of its performance properties.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to processes for the enzymatic production of a phosphinothricin product or precursor thereof from a nitrile-containing substrate.

Abstract: Strecker reagents, their derivatives and methods for forming the same and improved Strecker reaction are provided. The electrophiles for asymmetric Strecker reaction include achiral N-phosphorazides, N-phosphoramides, N-phosphonyl imines and their derivatives. The nucleophiles for asymmetric Strecker reaction include chiral BINOL-derived azides, amides, imines and their derivatives, the chiral and achiral diol-based cyanides and their derivatives, the chiral and achiral diamine-based cyanides and their derivatives, the chiral and achiral amino alcohol-based cyanides and their derivatives, the Strecker nucleophiles that are derived from chiral and achiral hydroxyl carboxylic acids and amino acids. Methods of forming the electrophile for asymmetric Strecker reaction comprise the reactions with steps of: a) synthesizing phosphoryl chloride from achiral diamine; b) synthesizing phosphorous azide; c) synthesizing phosphoramide; d) synthesizing the corresponding achiral N-phosphonyl imines.

Abstract: The present invention provides for compounds of Formulae I and II: wherein 1R, 2R, L, X, q, Z, A, and B have any of the values disclosed in the specification. Compounds of Formulae I and II are useful as reagents to introduce bicyclo[6.1.0]non-4-yne groups into oligonucleotide chains to serve as points of attachment for chemical tags.

Abstract: The present invention relates to electronic devices, in particular organic electroluminescent devices, which comprise compounds of the formula (1) or (2), and to the corresponding compounds and to the use thereof in organic electroluminescent devices.

Abstract: A thermosetting monomer comprising at least two of an aryl-cyanato group and at least two of a phosphorus group.

Abstract: The invention relates to substituted arylsulphonylaminomethylphosphonic acid derivatives of general formula (I) wherein the groups Ra to Rf, A and Z are defined as mentioned in the specification and claims, which are suitable for preparing a medicament for the treatment of metabolic disorders, particularly type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Abstract: The invention relates to derivatives of (1-cyanocyclopropyl)phenylphosphinic acid of the formula (I) and to salts thereof, of the formula (II), for enhancing stress tolerance in plants to abiotic stress, preferably to drought stress, especially for enhancing plant growth and/or for increasing plant yield.

Abstract: The present invention describes novel compounds and methods for capping reactive groups on support and during multistep synthesis. These new capping reagents are also useful for high quality synthesis on solid supports and surfaces used as microarrays, biosensors, or in general as biochips. The compounds are also useful for controlling surface density of reactive groups on a support. The compounds may also be used to modify the hydrophilic/hydrophobic characteristics of a surface or a molecule. The compounds have functional utility in various applications in the fields of genomics, proteomics, diagnostics and medicine.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting diode comprising at least one cyclic phosphazene compound, a light-emitting layer formed from at least one matrix material and at least one emitter material, wherein the at least one matrix material comprises at least one cyclic phosphazene compound, the use of cyclic phosphazene compounds in organic light-emitting diodes and a device selected from the group consisting of stationary visual display units, mobile visual display units and illumination units comprising at least one inventive organic light-emitting diode, and selected cyclic phosphazene compounds and processes for preparing them.

Abstract: The invention relates to substituted arylsulphonylaminomethylphosphonic acid derivatives of general formula (I) wherein the groups Ra to Rf, A and Z are defined as mentioned in the specification and claims, which are suitable for preparing a medicament for the treatment of metabolic disorders, particularly type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Abstract: The present invention provides for reagents for the introduction of colorimetric-oxycarbonyl protecting groups, compounds bearing colorimetric-oxycarbonyl protecting groups, and the use thereof in solid-supported organic syntheses of oligonucleotides, polypeptides, polysaccharides, and combinatorial libraries.

Abstract: Fluorous-tagged oligonucleotide reagents and an oligonucleotide purification methodology making use thereof, the method comprising: Synthesizing oligonucleotides using oligonucleotide reagents each bearing at least one fluorous group to yield a mixture of synthesis products and reagents, the mixture including at least one target synthesized oligonucleotide bearing at least one fluorous group; passing the mixture through a separation medium having an affinity for the at least one fluorous group so that the target synthesized oligonucleotide bearing at least one fluorous group is adsorbed by the separation medium; washing the separation medium with at least a first solvent to selectively dissociate therefrom substantially all synthesis products and reagents of the heterogenous mixture other than the at least one target synthesized oligonucleotide bearing at least one fluorous group; and subsequently dissociating the at least one synthesized oligonucleotide from the separation medium, with or without the fluorou

Abstract: Linkers and methods for determining a nucleotide sequence of a reference oligonucleotide are provided.

Abstract: The invention relates in general to methods for detoxifying phosphonate herbicides. The methods may comprise transacetylating the phosphonate herbicide. The phosphonate herbicides can comprise a CP bond and a CN bond and may be glyphosate.

Abstract: A scalable process for purification of phosphorodiamidite includes steps of solubilizing a crude phosphorodiamidite in an apolar organic solvent, contacting the non-polar organic solvent with a polar phase comprising a polar organic solvent to remove impurities from the solubilized phosphorodiamidite, and removing the non-polar organic solvent from the phosphorodiamidite.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of N-phosphonomethylglycine by reacting a hexahydrotriazine derivative with a triacyl phosphite. The process gives N-phosphonomethylglycine in high yield and in a simple and inexpensive manner.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of N-phosphonomethylglycine by reacting a hexahydrotriazine derivative with a triacyl phosphite. The process gives N-phosphonomethylglycine in high yield and in a simple and inexpensive manner.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel cysteine protease inhibitors of Formula I: the pharmaceutically acceptable salts and N-oxide derivatives thereof, their use as therapeutic agents and methods of making them.

Abstract: Glufosinate and the 2-methyl analog thereof can be prepared in a multi-step synthesis from methylphosphorus compounds (II) with unsaturated keto compounds (III) via adducts (IV), subsequent reaction under the conditions of a Strecker synthesis and finally hydrolysis of the aminonitrile (V): Step 1: Step 2: Step 3: Hydrolysis of (V) to give glufosinate Depending on process conditions and substrates, various compounds can be identified as adducts (IV).

Abstract: The invention is related to ionic compounds, derivatives of malononitrile, in which the anionic load has been displaced. An ionic compound disclosed by the invention includes an anionic portion combined with at least one cationic portion M+m in sufficient number to ensure overall electronic neutrality; the compound is further comprised of M as a hydroxonium, a nitrosonium NO+, an ammonium —NH4+, a metallic cation with the valence m, an organic cation with the valence m, or an organometallic cation with the valence m. The anionic portion corresponds to one of the formulas RD—Y—C(C≡N)2− or Z—C(C≡N)2− in which Z is an electroattractive group, RD is an organic radical, and Y is a carbonyl, a thiocarbonyl, a sulfonyl, a sulfinyl, or a phosphonyl. The compounds can be used notably for ionic conducting materials, electronic conducting materials, colorants, and the catalysis of various chemical reactions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to metabotropic glutamate receptor ligand derivatives and methods of using the same to inhibit NAALADase enzyme activity, to effect neuronal activities, to inhibit angiogenesis, and to treat glutamate abnormalities, compulsive disorders, pain, diabetic neuropathy, and prostate diseases, as well as pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same.

Abstract: Hydroxamic acids having the formula are useful in treating disease conditions mediated by TNF-&agr;, such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, sepsis, AIDS, ulcerative colitis, multiple sclerosis, Crohn's disease and degenerative cartilage loss.

Abstract: The present invention relate to phosphinic acid derivatives that inhibit N-Acetylated .alpha.-Linked Acidic Dipeptidase (NAALADase) enzyme activity, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same, and methods of using the same to inhibit NAALADase activity and to treat glutamate abnormalities and prostate diseases.

Abstract: Novel methods for the synthesis of substituted ureas and guanidines including Terazosin, Prazosin, Doxazosin, Tiodazosin, Trimazosin, Quinasin and Bunazosin (exemplary of 2-amino substituted Quinazolines), Meobentine and Bethanidine and novel intermediates suitable for use in such methods of synthesis are taught.

Abstract: Substituted cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid derivatives I ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are herein defined, or the agriculturally useful salts of Ia and Ib and intermediates for their preparation, which compounds are useful as herbicides and for the desiccation/defoliation of plants.

Abstract: Derivatives of 9-deazaguanine are prepared by reacting an aldehyde or ketone with a dialkylaminomalonate to form the corresponding enamine. The enamine is then reacted with a base to form a cyclic pyrrole. The cyclic pyrrole is reacted with an urea compound to provide a protected guanidino compound. The guanidino is converted to the desired 9-deazaguanine derivative by reacting with trifluoracetic acid or with an alkoxide or hydroxide followed by neutralization with an acid.

Abstract: Process for preparing phosphonic anhydrides of the formula (I) ##STR1## in which R is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.10)-alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by alkyl groups, alkoxy groups, fluorine, chlorine or bromine atoms, nitro groups, cyano groups, trifluoromethyl groups, phenyl groups, it being possible for the phenyl radical in turn to carry alkyl groups, alkoxy groups, fluorine, chlorine, bromine atoms, nitro groups, cyano groups or alkoxycarbonyl groups, and n.gtoreq.3, by reacting a phosphonic acid of the formula (II) ##STR2## in which R has the meaning given, with diketene, if appropriate at elevated temperature.

Abstract: Dye-donor element for use according to thermal dye sublimation transfer comprising a support having thereon a dye layer containing a dye corresponding to the following formula ##STR1## wherein Z represents CN, COOR.sup.1 or CONR.sup.2 R.sup.3 ;R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each independently represent hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 together represent the necessary atoms to close a heterocyclic nucleus or substituted heterocyclic nucleus;Y represents OR.sup.4 or NR.sup.5 R.sup.6 or CN;R.sup.4 represents hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, SO.sub.2 R.sup.7, COR.sup.7, CSR.sup.7, POR.sup.7 R.sup.8 ;R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 each independently has one of the significances given to R.sup.4 or represent substituted or unsubstituted amino, or R.sup.5 and R.sup.

Abstract: The present invention is a method for selectively fluorinating various methylenephosphonate and methylenephosphorane derivatives using an electrophilic fluorinating agent, such as N-fluoro 1,4-diazabicyclo[ 2.2.2]octane by fluorinating the monohalogenated methylenephosphonate or methylenephosphorane derivative to produce fluoromethylenephosphonate or fluoro-methylenephosphorane derivatives useful as fluorinated Horner-Emmons or Wittig reagents in producing selectively fluorinated vinylic compounds.

Abstract: The use of a compound of the formula I ##STR1## in which V is an alkyl group, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine, n is an integer from 1 to 5, W is an alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl or alkoxy group, cyanide, nitro, carboxyl, hydrogen or a cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl or carboalkoxy group, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are an alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl or halogenoalkyl group, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, aluminum, lithium, ammonium, triethylammonium or hydrogen, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together form a cyclic diester, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are an alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carboalkoxy, cycloalkyl or alkoxy group, hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine and X, Y and Z are oxygen or sulfur, for the treatment of diseases caused by DNA viruses or RNA viruses is described.

Abstract: This invention relates to substituted bicycloheptadione derivatives with high herbicidal activity which are represented by general formula (I) ##STR1## (where R.sup.1 is a lower alkyl group, a phenyl group which may be substituted, an aralkyl group which may be substituted, or a heterocyclic group which may be substituted;R.sup.2 is, same or different, a halogen, an alkoxy group, an alkylthio group, an alkylsulfonyl group, an alkyl group, an alkoxyalkyl group, or an alkoxylcarbonyl group, and n is 0 to 4;R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are, same or different, hydrogen or a lower alkyl group).

Abstract: Compositions comprising an organic material liable to oxidative, thermal and/or actinic degradation and at least one compound of the formula I ##STR1## are described in which n is 1-6, R, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are preferably hydrogen and A is a monovalent radical or polyvalent linking moiety.Some of the compounds of the formula I are novel. They are particularly suitable for the stabilization of lubricating oils, metal processing fluids and hydraulic fluids, and of thermoplastics and elastomers.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel naphthalocyanine compound which strongly absorbs light of near infrared region and which is chemically stable and highly soluble to an organic solvent. The naphthalocyanine compound is represented by the following formula [1]; ##STR1## wherein X represents ##STR2## (provided that R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 respectively represent a hydroxyl group, an alkyl group, an aryl group or an alkoxy group,) and M represents 2H, a metal atom, a metal oxide residue or a metal chloride residue. The present invention also provides a process for producing the naphthalocyanine compound, an intermediate thereof and a process for producing the intermediate.

Abstract: Dipeptide mimics which contain phosphorus and their pharmaceutical use and preparation are disclosed. The compounds have dehydropeptidase (DHP) enzyme inhibitor activity.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are phthalonitriles of the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 are independently in each occurrence an aryl or phosphazine group; X is independently in each occurrence O, S, S(O), S(O)(O), P(R.sup.5), P(O)(R.sup.5), or N(R.sup.5); R.sup.4 is independently in each occurrence aryl, aryloxy, polyhaloaryl, polyhaloaryloxy, polyhaloalkylaryl, or polyhaloalkylaryloxy; R.sup.5 is independently in each occurrence aryl, polyhaloaryl, or polyhaloalkylaryl; n is a number from 1 to 4; and m is a number from 2 to 5. Also disclosed are phthalocyanines prepared from the above-described phthalonitriles. Also disclosed is a lubricant composition which comprises a lubricating fluid and a phthalonitrile or phthalocyanine as described above.

Abstract: As new compounds, substituted aryloxyphenoxy benzamides having the formula ##STR1## in which X is CH or nitrogen; Y is chlorine, bromine, fluorine, iodine, methyl, cyano or hydrogen; Z is hydrogen, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, iodine, CH.sub.n, F.sub.3-n where n is an integer from 0 to 3; R is nitrogen dioxide, hydrogen or halogen; R' is hydrogen, CH.sub.3, lower alkyl, having 1-10 carbon atoms, SCCl.sub.3, ##STR2## or --PO.sub.3 R.sup.3.sub.2 wherein R.sup.3 is hydrogen, alkyl having 1-10 carbon atoms, aryl, or an equivalent of base such as a salt; R" is cyano, --C.tbd.CH, ##STR3## wherein R.sup.4 is hydrogen, alkyl having 1-10 carbon atoms, aryl or an equivalent of base such as a salt; and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 each are independently hydrogen, halogen, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, C.sub.1-4 alkoxy or trifluoromethyl;A is ##STR2## and R.sup.5 is hydrogen, a hydrolyzable ester group or a cation to form a non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable salt,are novel antihypercholesterolemic agents which inhibit cholesterol biosynthesis. Intermediates and processes for their preparation are disclosed.

Abstract: Substituted benzoyl-bicycloalkyl-1,1,3-diones and related compounds, intermediates therefor, synthesis thereof, and the use of said diones for the control of weeds.

Abstract: Hydroxyacetonitrile diphosphonic acid corresponding to the following general formula ##STR1## in which M represents H or a cation of a base, and salts thereof; to a process for their preparation comprising reacting 3-R.sup.1 -3-oxo-1-aminopropane-1,1-diphosphonic acids corresponding to the following general formula ##STR2## in which R.sup.1 is a tertiary substituted alkyl group, an optionally substituted cycloalkyl group or an optionally substituted aryl or heteroaryl radical, with nitrous acid, the secondary product R.sup.1 -COOH and unreacted starting material are separated off from the reaction mixture and the hydroxyacetonitrile diphosphonic acid is obtained in the form of a salt by addition of a base; and to the use of the above compounds as complexing agents and as thresholders.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of the general formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 represents Hal or C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkyl and Hal reprsents a halogen having an atomic weight of 35 to 80.The invention also relates to a process for the preparation of such compounds by reacting a compound of the general formula II ##STR2## in which R.sup.2 represents C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkyl or OR.sup.3 and R.sup.3 represents C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl, preferably C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl, with an acid chloride of the formula MHaL.sub.2 (III), in which M represents SO, CO or PHal.sub.3 and Hal represents a halogen having an atomic weight from 35 to 80, and in which the reaction, if M is Co, is carried out in the presence of a catalyst which is customary for the phosgenation of diesters of phosphonic acid.Finally the invention relates to alkyl esters of cyanomethyl-methylphosphinic acid, i.e. to products of the formula II in which R.sup.2 is a methyl group and R.sup.3 is an alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of aryloxy-benzoic acids containing a sulphonamide group by the direct reaction of a phenoxy-benzoic acid with a sulphonamide, in the presence of a halogenating agent such as P(O)Cl.sub.3.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 denote alkyl, OH, CF.sub.3 or cyanoethyl, A preferably denotes --COOH, R.sub.3 denotes inter alia alkoxycarbonylalkoxy, fairly high-molecular (>C.sub.12) alkoxy, alkylcarbonylalkoxy or nitrobenzyloxy, are valuable herbicides and growth regulators.

Abstract: Preparation of intermediates for herbicides of formula ##STR1## by the reaction of organic phosphites with benzoxazines of formulaBzx--CH.sub.2 --CO--Y (II)in whichBzx denotes the radical of formula: ##STR2## X is a usual substituent of phenols n is an integer from 0 to 4R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are H or such that OR.sup.1 and OR.sup.2 are hydrolyzableY is --OM or --NR.sup.3 R.sup.4M is H or is such that COOM is a salt or an esterR.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are H or a hydrocarbon radical, and one of them can be R.sup.5 --SO.sub.2 --, andR.sup.5 is a hydrocarbon radical, substiuted if appropriate. Products obtained by the process and their use as herbicides.